Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
  • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
  • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
  • E04B2/8635—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
  • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
  • E04B2/8652—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties located in the joints of the forms
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
  • E04H4/0018—Easily movable or transportable swimming pools
  • E04H4/0043—Easily movable or transportable swimming pools mainly made of panels
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
  • E04H4/0018—Easily movable or transportable swimming pools
  • E04H4/0062—Easily movable or transportable swimming pools characterised by stacked planks or staves

Definitions

• This invention relates to methods of building construction and, in particular, to methods for building structural walls which employ building elements which are used as "stay-in-place" formwork.
• the present invention resides in a method of building construction characterized by the steps of: (a) assembling a plurality of building elements, each element comprising a pair of substantially parallel side panels of rigid or semi-rigid material inter ⁇ connected by at least one connecting member;
• the present invention resides in building construction characterized by: a plurality of building elements in a substantially superimposed or side-by-side relationship, each element comprising a pair of substantially parallel side panels of rigid or semi-rigid material interconnected by at least one connecting member, so arranged that the side panels of a first element engage the side panels and/or connecting members of an adjacent element; and connection means connecting the side panels of the first element to side panels and/or the connecting members of the adjacent panel.
• locking means are provided on, or adapted to co-operate with, the connecting member (s) to lock the side panels of the first element to the side panel and/or connecting member (s) of the adjacent element.
• the side panels may be rigid, e.g. of timber or ply ⁇ wood or semi-rigid, e.g. rolled sheet metal or plastic and may be planar or have concave or convex profiles, the latter two being placed under compression and tension respectively where elements are filled with cement or the like.
• Reinforcing ribs or grooves may be provided on the panels, as may decorative patterns, e.g. woodgrain, for aesthetic appeal.
• rigid reinforcing panels may be placed inside the semi-rigid side panels for increased strength.
• the gauge or thickness of the side panels may be varied, with panels of heavier gauge being used at the base of a wall to withstand the higher pressures on that portion of the wall.
• connection member (s) may be formed integral ⁇ ly with the side panels, it is preferred that they be separate components.
• the connecting members may be roll- formed from sheet metal or assembled from a plurality of bars or strips of steel welded, bronzed, riveted or other- — -i -
• Tabs, flanges or sockets may be provided on the side bars or transverse straps of the assembled members to engage the side panels and one or more locking members, complementary to the connecting members, may be used to lock the panels to the connecting members.
• Substantially vertical rods, posts or bars e.g. rolled hollow steel sections (RHS)
• RHS rolled hollow steel sections
• the rods, posts or bars assist in locating the elements as they are assembled, provide reinforcement for the completed wall and assist in anchoring the wall to the foundations.
• the present. invention resides in a building structure characterized by a pair of substantially parallel free-standing side walls constructed by the methods hereinbefore described, wherein the walls are connected by transverse roof bearers or trusses which transfer the shear loads between the walls (enabling the walls to be of thinner section than would be required for free-standing cantilever walls) .
• the bearers or trusses may be extended outwardly from the walls as cantilevered supports, and the weight applied to the bearers or trusses outside the walls being used to oppose the bending moments applied to walls by the weight applied to the bearers or trusses between the walls.
• the bearers may include boxed-section beams of timber or plywood, rolled-steel joists (RSJ), rectangular hollow stee sections (RHS) , logs or structural trusses.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a plurality of elements of a first embodiment connected together;
• FIG. 2 is a plan view corresponding to FIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 is a sectional end view of FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale;
• FIG. 4 is a sectional end view of a second embodiment
• FIG. 5 is a sectional end view of a third embodiment
• FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the connecting member of the third embodiment of FIG. 5;
• FIG. 7 is a sectional end view of a fourth embodiment
• FIG. 8 is a sectional end view of a fifth embodiment
• FIG. 9 is a sectional end view of a modified form of the embodiment of FIG. 8.
• a plurality of elements 10 of the first embodiment are arranged horizontally in a superimposed relationship, the panels being connected together to form a wall of the desired length.
• Each element 10 has convex side panels 11 which are substantially rectangular in side view.
• An outwardly inclined hook portion 12, with an inwardly directed mouth, is provided along the upper side of each side panel 11, while an inwardly directed hook portion 13, with an out ⁇ wardly directed mouth, and terminated by an inwardly directed flange 14, is provided along the lower side of each side panel 11.
• a connecting member 15 which comprises a pair of substantially parallel, spaced, steel bars 16 each having a downwardly, inwardly directed side flange 17, the bars being maintained in their spaced relationship by spaced transverse straps 18 of substant- ially L-section.
• the side panels 11 are arranged substantially parallel at the desired spacing and the side flanges 17 of the connecting member 15 are engaged in the lower hook portions 13, the bars 16 resting on the respective flanges 14.
• a first element is positioned, e.g. on a building foundation (not shown) , and a second element is placed on top of the first in a superimposed relationship.
• the upper sides of the panels 11 of the first (or lower) element are pushed inwardly to enable its upper hook portions 12 to engage the respective lower hook portions 13 of the second (or upper) panel.
• a locking member 19 having a pair of parallel side bars 20, interconnected by transverse straps 21, and having outwardly inclined flanges 22, is slidably inserted from one end so that its flanges 22 engage the upper hook portions 12 of the first (or lower) element 10.
• the elements 10 are progressively connected together in the manner hereinbefore described until the desired height of framework is achieved.
• Adjacent groups of elements 10 are connected together by joining members 23 which are of substantially ⁇ -shape in plan,having a pair of side walls 24 connected by a base wall 25. Each side wall 24 is scalloped to closely engage the convex profiles of the side panels 11.
• Opposed joining members 23 are provided at the junction of each group of elements and the opposed junction members are connected together by tension bolts 26.
• end members 27, of substan- tially C-section in plan have inturned lip flanges 28 scalloped in the same manner as the side walls 24 of the joining members 23 to engage the side panels of the elements.
• Tension bolts 29 are provided between the adjac ⁇ ent transverse straps 18 of the elements and the end wall 30 of the end members 27 to secure the latter in position.
• a plurality of rolled hollow steel (RHS) sections 31 are inserted downwardly through the assembled elements. Each RHS section has a plurality of pairs of slots 32 provided at opposed corners of the section, the spacing between the pairs of slots corresponding to the spacing between the connecting members 15 of the superimposed elements 10.
• the RHS sections 31 are rotated through approximate ⁇ ly 45 so that the side bars 16 of each connecting member 15 engages in a respective slot 32 in the RHS sections. Cement, soil or other filling material is poured into the cavity defined by the elements and is compacted or allowed to set to complete the structural wall.
• the RHS sections 31 oppose any tendency of the height of the assembled elements to be reduced due to bulging of the side panels 11 when the filling material is poured into the cavity, this bulging being further restrained by the joining members 23 and end members 27.
• the side panels 33 of the elements 34 have a substantially concave profile which is placed under compression when the cavity defined by the elements 34 is filled with the filling material.
• a substantially S-section double hook portion 35 is provided along the upper side of each side panel, the hook portion having a lower, outwardly directed mouth 36 and an — a —
• a complementary lower double hook portion 38 is provided along the lower side of the side panels, having a lower outwardly directed mouth 39 (facing the side panel) and an upper inwardly directed mouth 40.
• the connecting member 41 with parallel side bars 42 and transverse straps 43, is provided with an inwardly directed socket 44, the lower flange 45 of which engages in the outwardly directed mouth 40 of the lower double hook portion 38 of the upper of the two superimposed elements 34, while the locking member 46, with side bars 47 and transverse straps 48, has outwardly directed flanges 49 engaged in the upper inwardly directed mouths 37 of the upper double hook portions 35 of the lower of the two superimposed elements 34.
• RHS sections 31, with their slots 32 engaged by the transverse straps 43 of the connecting members 41 are provided as hereinbefore described with reference to FIGS. 1-3, as are joining members and end members (not shown) with side walls and lip flanges, respectively profiled to correspond to the profile of the side panels 33.
• the side panels 33 When the filling material is poured into the cavity defined by the elements 34, the side panels 33 will be pushed outwardly in compression. The increase in height of the assembled elements due to the outward movement of the side panels is opposed by the RHS section 31 in the manner hereinbefore described.
• the side panels 50 of each element 51 are substantially planar and are formed of substantially rigid material, e.g. timber or plywood.
• the lower side of each side panel is supported in longitudinal side channels 52 roll formed in the longitudinal side bars 53 of the connecting member 54, the side bars 53 being connected together in parallel spaced relationship by transverse straps 55.
• a first element 51 is assembled with its side panels 50 engaged in respective side channels 52 in the connecting member 54.
• the upper sides of the panels 50 are pushed inwardly and connecting member 54 is positioned on top of the panels, the upper sides of the panels 50 engaged inwardly of the side channels 52, and supporting the transverse straps 55, of the connecting member.
• a second pair of side panels 50 are supported by this upper conn ⁇ ecting member 54 and their upper sides are then engaged by a third connecting member 54. This method is repeated until the elements are assembled to the desired height.
• the cavity defined by the elements 51 may now be filled with filling material to form the structural wall.
• cover panels 56 e.g. of roll-formed aluminium sheet or extruded plastic, may be fitted to the wall to cover the elements 51.
• the panels 56 have a face panel 57 divided by an intermediate V-shaped channel or groove 58.
• the upper side of the panel has a substantially Z-shape terminating in a locking flange 59 which engages a ⁇ omplement ⁇ ary slot or channel 60 along the lower side of the cover panel 56 immediately above it.
• cover panels 56 may have a wide range of external finishes and profiles and that alternative means may be used to connect the cover panels to the structural wall, e.g. by locking engagement with the element connecting members 54.
• FIG. 7 a similar conn ⁇ ecting member 61 to the connecting member 54 of the FIG. 6 embodiment is used, but the channels 62 are of reduced width and the outer flange 63 of the channels 62 engage longitudinal slots 64 formed along the lower side edges of the side panels 65 (which may have a decorative finish, e.g. a woodgrain effect).
• This embodiment has the advantage that any moisture running down the side panels 65 will not become trapped in the channels 62.
• the lower element 66 in the assembly is supported on, and connected to, a concrete pad or foundation 67.
• a bracket 68 substantially L-shape in side view, has its foot 69 welded to the side bars 70 of the connect ⁇ ing member 61 and an anchor bolt 71, anchored in the concrete pad or foundation 67, passes through a hole (not shown) in the foot 69 and a nut 72 secures the connecting member to the anchor bolt.
• a head beam 73 is connected to, and supported by, the upper element 66 of the assembly.
• a cap plate 74 has downturned flanges 75 which engage in longitudinal slots 76 in the upper side edges of the side panels 65 to hold the side panels in the desired spaced relationship.
• the head beam 73 is fabricated with longitudinal side plates 77 and upper and lower transverse connecting straps 78, 79 and is laid on the cap plate 74.
• a tension bolt 80 has a hook 81 at one end engaged in a slot 82 in the leg 83 of the bracket 68 and passes through aligned holes (not shown) in the cap plate 74 and a lower transverse connecting strap 79.
• a nut 84 bears on the connecting strap 79 to tension the bolt and to place the assembly in compression.
• Decorative side panels 85 e.g. of plastic, are used to enclose the beam 73 for improved aesthetic appeal.
• the embodiment of FIG. 8 has elements 86 where the connecting member 87 is similar on one side to the connect ⁇ ing member 61 of the FIG. 7 embodiment to provide a weatherboard-type external wall.
• a T-section connector 88 is provided on the other side of the connecting member 87 and this connector has vertical flanges 89 which engage longitudinal slots 90 in the upper side edge of the side panel 91 in a lower element 86 and the lower side edge of a superimposed element 86.
• the elements 92 of the embodiment of FIG. 9 are
• both walls are planar, the connecting member 93 having connectors 88 along both sides.
• the width of the connecting members may be progressively reduced, or they may be reduced in groups of, for example, 3 or 4 elements high.
• a building structure e.g. a dwelling, may be con ⁇ structed using two parallel cantilever walls of the type described along the two longitudinal sides of the structure.
• walls of thinner section than for such cantilever walls may be constructed.
• Roof bearers or trusses including boxed beams of plywood or timber, rolled-steel joists (RSJ), RHS sections, logs or fabricated trusses may be provided at regular spaced intervals to transfer the shear loads between the two walls, the end walls, e.g. of glass, of the structure providing little shear strength to these walls.
• This method of construction is particularly suitable where large supplies of timber and soil are readily available, and transportation is difficult and little skilled labour is available.
• a number of seg ⁇ ments may be cut from a log, trimmed to the desired depth and length and employed as the side panels of the elements, the wall being filled with compacted soil.
• the only components which require fabrication in a factory include the connecting members and the tensioning rods and brackets.
• the end caps for the assemblies may be provided with parallel flanges which engage the inner side faces of the side bars of the connecting members.
• the present invention in its various embodiments provides simple, efficient, cost effective and aesthetically pleasing methods of building construction.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Paleontology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=25613299

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Families Citing this family (26)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1982
  • 1982-05-21 WO PCT/AU1982/000080 patent/WO1982004088A1/en unknown
  • 1982-05-21 EP EP82901487A patent/EP0079344A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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