EP0079272B1 - System for centering the rotor of a turbo machine - Google Patents

System for centering the rotor of a turbo machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0079272B1
EP0079272B1 EP82401991A EP82401991A EP0079272B1 EP 0079272 B1 EP0079272 B1 EP 0079272B1 EP 82401991 A EP82401991 A EP 82401991A EP 82401991 A EP82401991 A EP 82401991A EP 0079272 B1 EP0079272 B1 EP 0079272B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
ring
bearing
wheel
measuring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82401991A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0079272A1 (en
Inventor
Alain Marie Joseph Lardellier
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
    • F01D21/003—Arrangements for testing or measuring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/28—Supporting or mounting arrangements, e.g. for turbine casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/28—Supporting or mounting arrangements, e.g. for turbine casing
    • F01D25/285—Temporary support structures, e.g. for testing, assembling, installing, repairing; Assembly methods using such structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to turbomachinery. It more particularly relates to a system for adjusting the centering of a turbomachine wheel relative to the stator ring which surrounds this wheel. It is particularly advantageous when the latter belongs to the high pressure stage of a turbojet turbine, a stage in which the narrow tolerances for centering the wheel are particularly critical.
  • patent BE-A No 675737 proposes a device for controlling the variation in distance between a machine rotor and its casing, this device comprising an inductive measurement generator whose probing head slides on the wall of the casing and being fixed on the shaft through an opening of the casing and connected to an external electrical device.
  • This solution does not provide for a measurement and correction of the parallelism between the respective axes of the rotor and the stator before determining a radial clearance for which no correction is proposed.
  • Patent US-A No. 2711935 relates to a shaft mounted on a rolling bearing with the addition of an eccentric ring between the bearing and its support.
  • a worm wheel At the end of the shaft, a worm wheel carries a measurement indicator, the key of which comes into contact with an inner surface of the wheel which is concentric with the shaft.
  • No means of directly checking the parallelism of two axes is also provided and, in this case, the object is to adjust a pressure exerted between two cylinders or rollers cooperating by their external surface.
  • Patent US-A No. 2700224 indicates means for controlling the perpendicularity of a surface to the axis of a thread, this thread and this surface being arranged on a single piece. No means of correction is associated.
  • Patent G B-A No 825265 proposes means for correcting an angular misalignment, in fact alignment in the direction of two parts of the shaft which are coupled at the level of a central journal of a turbomachine. Cylindrical sleeves with concurrent axes are used to obtain this correction.
  • the object of the invention is an adjustment system which does not have any of the drawbacks mentioned above and which, moreover, makes it possible to easily adjust the centering of a wheel in an already assembled turbine.
  • the tree in question is not necessarily the one that directly carries the wheel. It is effectively the latter when it pivots in fixed bearings, that is to say linked directly to the frame.
  • the turbine is a double-body machine in which the shaft of the centering wheel (HP wheel) is supported by an inter-shaft bearing itself supported by a pivoting shaft in fixed bearings (BP or MP wheel shaft )
  • the means of reducing the value of the offset are associated with the fixed bearing closest to this wheel. Its recentering is therefore ensured by means of the B P or M P shaft and by means of the HP shaft. It will be seen that this arrangement considerably facilitates the mounting of the compensation ring.
  • the BP stator comprises the casing 10 which carries the successive rings of fixed blades 11 and a ring 12 fixed to the upstream flange of the casing 10 and which more specifically carries the first crown of fixed blades 11 A which constitutes the inlet distributor of the BP module.
  • the HP stator portion On the upstream flange of the ring 12 is fixed the HP stator portion which includes the stator ring 13 which delimits the HP vein as well as the ferrule 14 which is fixed to the upstream flange of the ring 12 and which carries the ring. 13.
  • the casing 10 is fixed by its downstream flange to the upstream flange of the turbine frame element 15.
  • the elements which constitute the HP rotor are drawn in phantom because the measuring device 70 (see below) must be used before mounting this rotor.
  • the bearing is a roller bearing which includes the inner ring 41 fitted on the shaft 24, the rollers 42 and the outer ring 43 housed in the bore of the support 31.
  • the ring 43 is provided with a flange 44 which allows its fixing on a flat surface 32 of the support 31 by means of bolts 45.
  • the centering of the ring 43 in the bore of the support 31 is ensured by means of an interchangeable ring 46.
  • this ring 46 is a ring 46A (fig. 3 ) with concentric cylindrical surfaces 47A and 48A.
  • the ring 46 is a ring 46B (fig. 4) whose cylindrical bearings 47B and 48B are off-center by a suitable value (distance from their respective centers C2etC1).
  • the ring 46B In order to facilitate the correct positioning of the ring 46B, it has two marks on one side, an XX sign indicating the direction of the strongest offset and an X sign, diametrically opposite, indicating the direction of the most weak offset. Maintaining the orientation of the eccentric ring 46 B is ensured by the clamping in the axial direction of this eccentric ring by means of the bolts 45 bearing on the flange 44. This maintenance can also be ensured by the hooping between the surface of contact of the ring 46B and the part opposite the support 31.
  • This measuring device includes a measuring frame 60 and a measuring arm 70.
  • the frame 60 is a bracket whose vertical branch 61 is intended to fix the frame 15 of the turbine by the downstream flange thereof and whose horizontal branch 62 supports the branch 61 and a shaft support 63.
  • a large orifice 64 is formed in the vertical branch 61 to allow access downstream to the bearing 40.
  • the turbine housing (frame element 15, casing 10-12, ferrule 14) is firstly fixed to the vertical branch 61 by means of bolts 152 which pass through the downstream flange 151 of the frame element 15.
  • L 'shaft 24 is then mounted in the conical support 31 (accessible through the orifice 64 of the measuring frame) via the bearing 40 and the ring with concentric bearings 46A (fig. 3), while being supported towards the upstream by means of a bearing 65 fixed on the support 63.
  • the position of the bearing 65 is adjustable on demand in the two directions transverse to the axis of the turbine, for example by means of transverse stops (not shown) and shims such as 66.
  • an eccentricity measuring arm 70 which comprises, on the one hand, a radial support rod 71 fixed by its foot to a sleeve 72 tightened on the shaft by a screw 73 and, on the other hand, two support arms parallel to the axis of the shaft 24 and respectively fixed to nuts 76 and 77 which can slide on the rod 71 and be fixed there in determined positions.
  • the first phase of the measurement consists, on the one hand, in mounting on the external arm 74 a displacement sensor (comparator) 78 the key of which touches the flat downstream face of the flange 141 of the ferrule 14, on the other hand, to rotate the shaft 24 and to adjust the position of the bearing 65 so that the displacements of the key remain below a determined limit (for example 20 to 30 ⁇ ). It is then certain that the axis XX of the shaft 24 is perpendicular to the plane of the flange 141 and, therefore, parallel to the axis of the stator BP.
  • the second phase consists in using a comparator 79 carried by the internal arm 75 to palpate the internal wall of the ring 13 by rotating the shaft 24.
  • the reading of the indications of this comparator then makes it possible to determine the eccentricity of the shaft and ring and, therefore, to determine the offset C1-C2 and the position to be assigned to the ring 46B (fig. 4) to correct this offset.
  • the ring 46B is either produced on demand, or chosen from a batch of rings whose offset values are distributed over a determined range.
  • a verification is carried out by again planing, if necessary, the position of the shaft 24 by means of the comparator 78 and the bearing 65 and by carrying out a new measurement of eccentricity by means of the comparator 79. If the results are within the tolerances, the measuring device 70 can be dismantled and the assembly of the turbine resumed.
  • the example that has just been described relates to the case of a double-body turbine in which the HP conical shaft 53 is mounted on the BP shaft 24 by means of the inter-shaft bearing 54.
  • the invention applies without difficulty to the case where the HP turbine shaft is supported by bearings on a fixed part. The recentering is then carried out by means of an eccentric ring inserted around the downstream fixed bearing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Description

L'invention est relative aux turbomachines. Elle concerne plus spécialement un système d'ajustement du centrage d'une roue de turbomachine par rapport à l'anneau de stator qui entoure cette roue. Elle est notamment avantageuse lorsque celle-ci appartient à l'étage haute pression d'une turbine de turboréacteur, étage dans lequel les tolérances étroites de centrage de la roue sont particulièrement critiques.The invention relates to turbomachinery. It more particularly relates to a system for adjusting the centering of a turbomachine wheel relative to the stator ring which surrounds this wheel. It is particularly advantageous when the latter belongs to the high pressure stage of a turbojet turbine, a stage in which the narrow tolerances for centering the wheel are particularly critical.

La solution connue la plus courante pour assurer ledit centrage consiste:

  • - à ménager une réserve de finition lors de l'usinage de la portée interne cylindrique du bâti de turbine dans laquelle doit se loger un palier fixe qui supporte l'arbre et qui est le plus proche de la roue,
  • - à réaliser un montage à blanc pour assembler au moins la portion de la carcasse de stator qui inclut la portée et l'anneau,
  • - à mesurer l'excentrage relatif de la portée et de l'anneau, et
  • - à terminer l'usinage de la portée pour ramener l'excentrage dans les tolérances.
The most common known solution for ensuring said centering consists of:
  • to provide a finishing reserve during the machining of the internal cylindrical surface of the turbine frame in which a fixed bearing which must support the shaft and which is closest to the wheel must be housed,
  • - to carry out a blank assembly to assemble at least the portion of the stator casing which includes the seat and the ring,
  • - to measure the relative offset of the span and the ring, and
  • - to finish machining the span to bring the offset back within the tolerances.

Cette solution est sûre, mais présente l'inconvénient d'imposer un montage à blanc. Cet inconvénient est particulièrement gênant lorsque la conception de la turbine est modulaire, c'est-à-dire par exemple lorsque l'étage HP (haute pression) est réalisé tout à fait indépendamment de l'étage MP (moyenne pression) ou de l'étage BP (basse pression) auquel il doit être acouplé sans retouches.This solution is safe, but has the drawback of requiring a blank assembly. This drawback is particularly troublesome when the turbine design is modular, that is to say for example when the HP stage (high pressure) is produced completely independently of the MP stage (medium pressure) or of the 'BP stage (low pressure) to which it must be coupled without retouching.

On a déjà proposé, notamment dans le brevet français publié sous le Na 2434269, de ménager- sur des anneaux intermédiaires qui joignent la portion de bâti de turbine incluant l'anneau statorique à la portion de bâti incluant le support de palier fixe - des portées annulaires décentrées par rapport à l'axe de la machine. L'ajustement du centrage de l'arbre se fait donc au moment de l'assemblage des deux portions de bâti en imposant à ces anneaux intermédiaires des orientations déterminées calculées d'après les résultats des mesures d'excentrage relatif de l'anneau statorique et de la portée du palier. Cette solution oblige à réaliser lesdites portées d'anneaux intermédiaires avec des décentrages différents, afin d'obtenir la compensation du décentrage de l'arbre par addition vectorielle des décentrages desdits anneaux intermédiaires. Elle devient pratiquement inapplicable lorsque les diamètres de ces anneaux sont importants.It has already been proposed, in particular in the French patent published under Na 2434269, to provide - on intermediate rings which join the portion of the turbine frame including the stator ring to the frame portion including the fixed bearing support - spans annulars offset from the machine axis. The adjustment of the centering of the shaft is therefore made at the time of the assembly of the two frame portions by imposing on these intermediate rings determined orientations calculated according to the results of the relative offset measurements of the stator ring and of the bearing range. This solution makes it necessary to produce said spans of intermediate rings with different offsets, in order to obtain compensation for the offsetting of the shaft by vector addition of the offsets of said intermediate rings. It becomes practically inapplicable when the diameters of these rings are large.

Par ailleurs, le brevet BE-A No 675737 propose un dispositif pour le contrôle de la variation de distance entre un rotor de machine et son enveloppe, ce dispositif comportant un générateur inductif de mesures dont la tête de sondage glisse sur la paroi de l'enveloppe et étant fixé sur l'arbre au travers d'une ouverture de l'enveloppe et relié à un appareil électrique extérieur. Cette solution ne prévoit pas une mesure et une correction du parallélisme entre les axes respectifs du rotor et du stator avant de déterminer un jeu radial pour lequel aucune correction n'est proposée.Furthermore, patent BE-A No 675737 proposes a device for controlling the variation in distance between a machine rotor and its casing, this device comprising an inductive measurement generator whose probing head slides on the wall of the casing and being fixed on the shaft through an opening of the casing and connected to an external electrical device. This solution does not provide for a measurement and correction of the parallelism between the respective axes of the rotor and the stator before determining a radial clearance for which no correction is proposed.

Le brevet US-A No 2711935 concerne un arbre monté sur un palier à roulement avec adjonction d'une bague excentrique entre le roulement et son support. En bout d'arbre, une roue à vis sans fin porte un indicateur de mesure dont la touche vient en contact avec une surface intérieure de la roue qui est concentrique à l'arbre. Aucun moyen de vérifier directement le parallélisme de deux axes n'est également prévu et, dans ce cas, l'objet est d'ajuster une pression s'exerçant entre deux cylindres ou rouleaux coopérant par leur surface externe.Patent US-A No. 2711935 relates to a shaft mounted on a rolling bearing with the addition of an eccentric ring between the bearing and its support. At the end of the shaft, a worm wheel carries a measurement indicator, the key of which comes into contact with an inner surface of the wheel which is concentric with the shaft. No means of directly checking the parallelism of two axes is also provided and, in this case, the object is to adjust a pressure exerted between two cylinders or rollers cooperating by their external surface.

Le brevet US-A No 2700224 indique des moyens pour contrôler la perpendicularité d'une surface à l'axe d'un filetage, ce filetage et cette surface étant disposés sur une pièce unique. Aucun moyen de correction n'est associé.Patent US-A No. 2700224 indicates means for controlling the perpendicularity of a surface to the axis of a thread, this thread and this surface being arranged on a single piece. No means of correction is associated.

Le brevet G B-A No 825265 propose des moyens pour corriger un désalignement angulaire, en fait l'alignement en direction de deux parties d'arbre qui sont accouplées au niveau d'un tourillon central de turbomachine. Des manchons cylindriques à axes concourants sont utilisés pour obtenir cette correction.Patent G B-A No 825265 proposes means for correcting an angular misalignment, in fact alignment in the direction of two parts of the shaft which are coupled at the level of a central journal of a turbomachine. Cylindrical sleeves with concurrent axes are used to obtain this correction.

L'objet de l'invention est un système d'ajustement qui ne présente aucun des inconvénients évoqués plus haut et qui, en outre, permet d'ajuster aisément le centrage d'une roue dans une turbine déjà montée.The object of the invention is an adjustment system which does not have any of the drawbacks mentioned above and which, moreover, makes it possible to easily adjust the centering of a wheel in an already assembled turbine.

Le système de l'invention, destiné par conséquent à permettre d'ajuster le centrage d'une roue de turbomachine par rapport à l'anneau statorique entourant cette roue, celle-ci étant supportée par un arbre destiné à pivoter dans des paliers fixes insérés dans des logements liés au bâti de turbine, est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend:

  • - un dispositif démontable de mesure de l'amplitude et de la direction du décentrage de la roue par rapport à l'anneau, comprenant:
    • un bâti de mesure en forme d'équerre dont la branche verticale est destinée à assujettir le bâti de la turbine,
    • un bras de mesure d'excentricité fixé sur l'arbre et comportant une tige-support radiale portant:
      • . d'une part, un bras externe portant un premier capteur de déplacement de manière à rectifier l'orientation de l'axe de l'arbre afin de le rendre parallèle à l'axe de l'anneau, et
      • . d'autre part, un bras interne portant un deuxième capteur de déplacement de manière à mesurer le décentrage de l'arbre et de l'anneau lorsque leurs axes sont ainsi rendus parallèles, en mesurant la variation de distance entre ledit anneau et le point de fixation du deuxième capteur de déplacement lorsque l'arbre pivote,
  • - des moyens associés au palier fixe le plus proche de la roue pour ramener la valeur du décentrage de celle-ci en deçà d'une limite prédéterminée, comprenant une bague à portée interne et à portée externe relativement décentrées, insérée entre le palier qui est en contact avec ladite portée interne et un logement de palier qui est en contact avec ladite portée externe et est ménagé dans le support dudit palier, l'amplitude du décentrage desdites portées et l'orientation de ladite bague étanttelles que l'excentràge de la roue par rapport à l'anneau devient inférieur à ladite limite prédéterminée.
The system of the invention, consequently intended to make it possible to adjust the centering of a turbomachine wheel relative to the stator ring surrounding this wheel, the latter being supported by a shaft intended to pivot in fixed bearings inserted in housings linked to the turbine frame, is characterized in that it comprises:
  • - a removable device for measuring the amplitude and the direction of the off-center of the wheel relative to the ring, comprising:
    • a square-shaped measurement frame, the vertical branch of which is intended to secure the frame of the turbine,
    • an eccentricity measuring arm fixed on the shaft and comprising a radial support rod carrying:
      • . on the one hand, an external arm carrying a first displacement sensor so as to correct the orientation of the axis of the shaft in order to make it parallel to the axis of the ring, and
      • . on the other hand, an internal arm carrying a second displacement sensor so as to measure the off-center of the shaft and the ring when their axes are thus made parallel, by measuring the variation in distance between said ring and the point of fixing of the second displacement sensor when the shaft pivots,
  • - means associated with the fixed bearing closest to the wheel to reduce the value of the off-center of the latter below a predetermined limit, comprising a ring with internal bearing and external bearing relatively offset, inserted between the bearing which is in contact with said internal bearing and a bearing housing which is in contact with said external bearing and is arranged in the support of said bearing, the amplitude of the decentering of said bearings and the orientation of said ring being such that the eccentricity of the wheel with respect to the ring becomes less than said predetermined limit.

D'après la définition générale qui précède, on voit que l'arbre dont il s'agit n'est pas obligatoirement celui qui porte directement la roue. Il s'agit effectivement de celui-ci lorsqu'il pivote dans des paliers fixes, c'est-à-dire liés directement au bâti. Mais, si la turbine est une machine à double corps dans laquelle l'arbre de la roue à centrer (roue H P) est supporté par un palier interarbre lui-même supporté par un arbre pivotant dans des paliers fixes (arbre de roue BP ou MP), les moyens de réduire la valeur du décentrage sont associés au palier fixe le plus proche de cette roue. Le recentrage de celle-ci est donc assuré par l'intermédiaire de l'arbre B P ou M P et par l'intermédiaire de l'arbre HP. On verra que cette disposition facilite considérablement le montage de la bague de compensation.From the general definition above, we see that the tree in question is not necessarily the one that directly carries the wheel. It is effectively the latter when it pivots in fixed bearings, that is to say linked directly to the frame. However, if the turbine is a double-body machine in which the shaft of the centering wheel (HP wheel) is supported by an inter-shaft bearing itself supported by a pivoting shaft in fixed bearings (BP or MP wheel shaft ), the means of reducing the value of the offset are associated with the fixed bearing closest to this wheel. Its recentering is therefore ensured by means of the B P or M P shaft and by means of the HP shaft. It will be seen that this arrangement considerably facilitates the mounting of the compensation ring.

D'autres dispositions et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront dans la description qui suit d'exemples de réalisation du dispositif de mesure d'excentrage et des moyens de réduire la valeur de cet excentrage, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • - la fig. 1 représente la demi-section axiale supérieure d'une turbine à double corps montée sur le dispositif de mesure d'excentrage de roue H P à utiliser conformément à l'invention au cours de l'assemblage des éléments de cette turbine,
  • - la fig. 2 représente à plus grande échelle la demi-section axiale supérieure du palier fixe aval de l'arbre de turbine BP, palier réalisé conformément à l'invention,
  • - la fig. 3 représente à l'échelle intermédiaire une bague d'essai insérée autour de ce palier fixe et appartenant au dispositif de mesure,
  • - la fig. 4 représente à la même échelle intermédiaire la bague de compensation destinée à remplacer cette bague d'essai,
  • - la fig. 5 est une section schématique de l'ensemble du dispositif de mesure d'excentrage.
Other arrangements and advantages of the invention will appear in the following description of exemplary embodiments of the offset measurement device and of the means of reducing the value of this offset, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • - fig. 1 represents the upper axial half-section of a double-body turbine mounted on the HP wheel offset measurement device to be used in accordance with the invention during the assembly of the elements of this turbine,
  • - fig. 2 represents on a larger scale the upper axial half-section of the fixed downstream bearing of the LP turbine shaft, bearing produced in accordance with the invention,
  • - fig. 3 represents on the intermediate scale a test ring inserted around this fixed bearing and belonging to the measuring device,
  • - fig. 4 represents on the same intermediate scale the compensation ring intended to replace this test ring,
  • - fig. 5 is a schematic section of the entire offset measurement device.

On considère d'abord la fig. 1 qui ne montre en principe que les composants mécaniques dont la mention est utile pour la compréhension de l'invention. De nombreux éléments, tels que des joints d'étanchéité, certaines brides d'assemblage, etc., n'y sont pas représentés.We first consider fig. 1 which in principle only shows the mechanical components, the mention of which is useful for understanding the invention. Many elements, such as gaskets, certain assembly flanges, etc., are not shown.

Le stator BP comporte le carter 10 qui porte les couronnes successives d'aubes fixes 11 et un anneau 12 fixé à la bride amont du carter 10 et qui porte plus spécialement la première couronne d'aubes fixes 11 A qui constitue le distributeur d'entrée du module BP. Sur la bride amont de l'anneau 12 est fixée la portion de stator HP qui comprend l'anneau statorique 13 qui délimite la veine HP ainsi que la virole 14 qui est fixée à la bride amont de l'anneau 12 et qui porte l'anneau . 13. Enfin, le carter 10 est fixé par sa bride aval à la bride amont de l'élément de bâti de turbine 15.The BP stator comprises the casing 10 which carries the successive rings of fixed blades 11 and a ring 12 fixed to the upstream flange of the casing 10 and which more specifically carries the first crown of fixed blades 11 A which constitutes the inlet distributor of the BP module. On the upstream flange of the ring 12 is fixed the HP stator portion which includes the stator ring 13 which delimits the HP vein as well as the ferrule 14 which is fixed to the upstream flange of the ring 12 and which carries the ring. 13. Finally, the casing 10 is fixed by its downstream flange to the upstream flange of the turbine frame element 15.

Le rotor BP comprend:

  • - les roues BP comportant les disques 21 dont chacun porte une couronne d'aubes mobiles 22,
  • - le support de disques comportant le flanc extérieur 23 qui supporte les disques 21 et le flanc intérieur 26 auquel est fixé le flanc 23 par sa partie centrale, et
  • - l'arbre 24 qui repose par son extrémité aval dans le palier fixe 40 logé dans l'alésage du support conique 31 fixé par sa périphérie à l'élément de bâti 15 et qui est muni d'une collerette 25 à laquelle le flanc 26 est fixé par sa partie centrale.
The BP rotor includes:
  • the BP wheels comprising the discs 21 each of which carries a ring of movable blades 22,
  • the disc support comprising the outer side 23 which supports the discs 21 and the inner side 26 to which the side 23 is fixed by its central part, and
  • - The shaft 24 which rests by its downstream end in the fixed bearing 40 housed in the bore of the conical support 31 fixed by its periphery to the frame element 15 and which is provided with a flange 25 to which the side 26 is fixed by its central part.

Quant au rotor HP 50, il comprend:

  • - le disque 51 qui porte la couronne d'aubes mobiles 52,
  • - l'arbre conique 53 solidaire du disque 51 en aval de celui-ci et supporté par l'arbre BP 24 par l'intermédiaire du palier interarbre 54, et
  • - l'arbre creux 55 solidaire du disque 51, disposé en amont de celui-ci et entourant l'arbre 24; seule l'extrémité aval de l'arbre creux 55 est représentée; on rappelle que cet arbre 55 entraîne à l'amont le compresseur HP.
As for the HP 50 rotor, it includes:
  • the disc 51 which carries the crown of movable blades 52,
  • the conical shaft 53 integral with the disc 51 downstream of the latter and supported by the BP shaft 24 via the inter-shaft bearing 54, and
  • - The hollow shaft 55 integral with the disc 51, arranged upstream thereof and surrounding the shaft 24; only the downstream end of the hollow shaft 55 is shown; it is recalled that this shaft 55 drives the HP compressor upstream.

Les éléments qui constituent le rotor HP sont dessinés en traits mixtes car le dispositif de mesure 70 (voir plus loin) est utilisé obligatoirement avant le montage de ce rotor.The elements which constitute the HP rotor are drawn in phantom because the measuring device 70 (see below) must be used before mounting this rotor.

On considère maintenant la fig. 2 qui montre la façon dont le palier fixe 40 est monté conformément à l'invention dans le support de palier 31 pour permettre le réglage de la position de l'arbre 24 dans ce support. Le palier est un roulement à galets qui comprend la bague intérieure 41 emmanchée sur l'arbre 24, les galets 42 et la bague extérieure 43 logée dans l'alésage du support 31. La bague 43 est munie d'une collerette 44 qui permet sa fixation sur une portée plane 32 du support 31 au moyen de boulons 45.We now consider fig. 2 which shows how the fixed bearing 40 is mounted in accordance with the invention in the bearing support 31 to allow adjustment of the position of the shaft 24 in this support. The bearing is a roller bearing which includes the inner ring 41 fitted on the shaft 24, the rollers 42 and the outer ring 43 housed in the bore of the support 31. The ring 43 is provided with a flange 44 which allows its fixing on a flat surface 32 of the support 31 by means of bolts 45.

Conformément à l'invention, le centrage de la bague 43 dans l'alésage du support 31 est assuré par l'intermédiaire d'une bague interchangeable 46. Lors des mesures d'excentrage, cette bague 46 est une bague 46A (fig. 3) à portées cylindriques concentriques 47A et 48A. Pour assurer le recentrage de l'arbre 24 dans le support 31 en fonction des indications données par le dispositif de mesure que l'on décrit ci-après, la bague 46 est une bague 46B (fig. 4) dont les portées cylindriques 47B et 48B sont décentrées d'une valeur convenable (distance de leurs centres respectifs C2etC1).According to the invention, the centering of the ring 43 in the bore of the support 31 is ensured by means of an interchangeable ring 46. During eccentricity measurements, this ring 46 is a ring 46A (fig. 3 ) with concentric cylindrical surfaces 47A and 48A. To ensure the centering of the shaft 24 in the support 31 according to the indications given by the measuring device which is described below, the ring 46 is a ring 46B (fig. 4) whose cylindrical bearings 47B and 48B are off-center by a suitable value (distance from their respective centers C2etC1).

En vue de faciliter la mise en place correcte de la bague 46B, celle-ci comporte deux repères sur une face, un signe XX indiquant la direction du plus fort excentrage et un signe X, diamétralement à l'opposé, indiquant la direction du plus faible excentrage. Le maintien de l'orientation de la bague excentrée 46 B est assuré par le serrage dans le sens axial de cette bague excentrée au moyen des boulons 45 en appui sur la collerette 44. Ce maintien peut également être assuré par le frettage entre la surface de contact de la bague 46B et la partie en vis-à-vis du support 31.In order to facilitate the correct positioning of the ring 46B, it has two marks on one side, an XX sign indicating the direction of the strongest offset and an X sign, diametrically opposite, indicating the direction of the most weak offset. Maintaining the orientation of the eccentric ring 46 B is ensured by the clamping in the axial direction of this eccentric ring by means of the bolts 45 bearing on the flange 44. This maintenance can also be ensured by the hooping between the surface of contact of the ring 46B and the part opposite the support 31.

On revient maintenant à la fig. 1 que l'on considère en même temps que la fig. 5 pour décrire le dispositif de mesure de l'invention et sa méthode d'utilisation. Ce dispositif de mesure comprend un bâti de mesure 60 et un bras de mesure 70. Le bâti 60 est une équerre dont la branche verticale 61 est destinée à fixer le bâti 15 de la turbine par la bride aval de celui-ci et dont la branche horizontale 62 supporte la branche 61 et un support d'arbre 63. Un orifice 64 de grande dimension est ménagé dans la branche verticale 61 pour permettre l'accès par l'aval au palier 40.We now come back to fig. 1 which is considered at the same time as FIG. 5 to describe the measuring device of the invention and its method of use. This measuring device includes a measuring frame 60 and a measuring arm 70. The frame 60 is a bracket whose vertical branch 61 is intended to fix the frame 15 of the turbine by the downstream flange thereof and whose horizontal branch 62 supports the branch 61 and a shaft support 63. A large orifice 64 is formed in the vertical branch 61 to allow access downstream to the bearing 40.

La carcasse de la turbine (élément de bâti 15, carter 10-12, virole 14) est tout d'abord fixée à la branche verticale 61 au moyen de boulons 152 qui traversent la bride aval 151 de l'élément de bâti 15. L'arbre 24 est alors monté dans le support conique 31 (accessible par l'orifice 64 du bâti de mesure) par l'intermédiaire du palier 40 et de la bague à portées concentriques 46A (fig. 3), tout en étant supporté vers l'amont au moyen d'un palier 65 fixé sur le support 63. La position du palier 65 est réglable à la demande dans les deux directions transversales à l'axe de la turbine, par exemple au moyen de butées transversales (non représentées) et de cales telles que 66.The turbine housing (frame element 15, casing 10-12, ferrule 14) is firstly fixed to the vertical branch 61 by means of bolts 152 which pass through the downstream flange 151 of the frame element 15. L 'shaft 24 is then mounted in the conical support 31 (accessible through the orifice 64 of the measuring frame) via the bearing 40 and the ring with concentric bearings 46A (fig. 3), while being supported towards the upstream by means of a bearing 65 fixed on the support 63. The position of the bearing 65 is adjustable on demand in the two directions transverse to the axis of the turbine, for example by means of transverse stops (not shown) and shims such as 66.

Sur l'arbre 24 est monté un bras de mesure d'excentricité 70 qui comporte, d'une part, une tige-support radiale 71 fixée par son pied à un manchon 72 serré sur l'arbre par une vis 73 et, d'autre part, deux bras-supports parallèles à l'axe de l'arbre 24 et respectivement fixés à des noix 76 et 77 qui peuvent coulisser sur la tige 71 et y être fixées dans des positions déterminées.On the shaft 24 is mounted an eccentricity measuring arm 70 which comprises, on the one hand, a radial support rod 71 fixed by its foot to a sleeve 72 tightened on the shaft by a screw 73 and, on the other hand, two support arms parallel to the axis of the shaft 24 and respectively fixed to nuts 76 and 77 which can slide on the rod 71 and be fixed there in determined positions.

La première phase de la mesure consiste, d'une part, à monter sur le bras externe 74 un capteur de déplacement (comparateur) 78 dont la touche palpe la face plane aval de la bride 141 de la virole 14, d'autre part, à faire pivoter l'arbre 24 et à régler la position du palier 65 de telle sorte que les déplacements de la touche demeurent inférieurs à une limite déterminée (par exemple 20 à 30µ) . On est alors certain que l'axe XX de l'arbre 24 est perpendiculaire au plan de la bride 141 et, par conséquent, parallèle à l'axe du stator BP.The first phase of the measurement consists, on the one hand, in mounting on the external arm 74 a displacement sensor (comparator) 78 the key of which touches the flat downstream face of the flange 141 of the ferrule 14, on the other hand, to rotate the shaft 24 and to adjust the position of the bearing 65 so that the displacements of the key remain below a determined limit (for example 20 to 30 μ). It is then certain that the axis XX of the shaft 24 is perpendicular to the plane of the flange 141 and, therefore, parallel to the axis of the stator BP.

La deuxième phase consiste à utiliser un comparateur 79 porté par le bras interne 75 pour palper la paroi interne de l'anneau 13 en faisant pivoter l'arbre 24. Le relevé des indications de ce comparateur permet alors de déterminer l'excentricité de l'arbre et de l'anneau et, par conséquent, de déterminer l'excentrage C1-C2 et la position à assigner à la bague 46B (fig. 4) pour corriger cet excentrage. La bague 46B est soit réalisée à la demande, soit choisie dans un lot de bagues dont les valeurs d'excentrage sont réparties dans une gamme déterminée.The second phase consists in using a comparator 79 carried by the internal arm 75 to palpate the internal wall of the ring 13 by rotating the shaft 24. The reading of the indications of this comparator then makes it possible to determine the eccentricity of the shaft and ring and, therefore, to determine the offset C1-C2 and the position to be assigned to the ring 46B (fig. 4) to correct this offset. The ring 46B is either produced on demand, or chosen from a batch of rings whose offset values are distributed over a determined range.

On effectue une vérification en dégauchissant de nouveau, s'il y a lieu, la position de l'arbre 24 au moyen du comparateur 78 et du palier 65 et en réalisant une nouvelle mesure d'excentricité au moyen du comparateur 79. Si les résultats sont dans les tolérances, on peut démonter le dispositif de mesure 70 et reprendre le montage de la turbine.A verification is carried out by again planing, if necessary, the position of the shaft 24 by means of the comparator 78 and the bearing 65 and by carrying out a new measurement of eccentricity by means of the comparator 79. If the results are within the tolerances, the measuring device 70 can be dismantled and the assembly of the turbine resumed.

Dans le mode de réalisation de l'invention que l'on vient de décrire, le recentrage de l'arbre 24 dans l'alésage du support 31 (fig. 2) est assuré au moyen de la bague intermédiaire 46 insérée entre ledit alésage et la bague externe 43 du palier 40.In the embodiment of the invention that has just been described, the centering of the shaft 24 in the bore of the support 31 (FIG. 2) is ensured by means of the intermediate ring 46 inserted between said bore and the outer ring 43 of the bearing 40.

L'exemple que l'on vient de décrire concerne le cas d'une turbine à double corps dans lequel l'arbre conique HP 53 est monté sur l'arbre B P 24 au moyen du palier interarbre 54. Ainsi qu'on l'a déjà signalé, l'invention s'applique sans difficultés au cas où l'arbre de turbine HP est supporté par des paliers sur partie fixe. Le recentrage est alors effectué au moyen d'une bague excentrée insérée autour du palier fixe aval.The example that has just been described relates to the case of a double-body turbine in which the HP conical shaft 53 is mounted on the BP shaft 24 by means of the inter-shaft bearing 54. As we have already mentioned, the invention applies without difficulty to the case where the HP turbine shaft is supported by bearings on a fixed part. The recentering is then carried out by means of an eccentric ring inserted around the downstream fixed bearing.

Claims (5)

1. System for adjusting the centring of a wheel (50) of a turbomachine in relation to the stator ring (13) surrounding the wheel (50), the latter being supported by a shaft (24) intended to pivot in fixed bearings inserted in housings connected to the framework of the turbine, characterized in that it comprises:
- a device which can be disassembled (60, 70) for measuring the extent and direction of decen- tring of the wheel (50) in relation to the ring (13) comprising:
a measuring frame (60) of square shape of which the vertical limb (61) is designed to be secured to the framework (15) of the turbine,
an arm for measuring eccentricity (70) fixed on the shaft (24) and including a radial support rod (71) comprising:
. on the one hand, an outer arm (74) bearing a first displacement sensor (78) in such a way as to correct the orientation of the axis of the shaft (24) in order to make it parallel to the axis of the ring (13), and
. on the other hand, an inner arm (75) bearing a second displacement sensor (79) in such a way as to measure the decentralisation of the shaft (24) and the ring (13) when their axes are thus made parallel, by measuring the variation in the distance between said ring (13) and the measuring point of the second displacement sensor (79) when the shaft (24) pivots,
- means (46) associated with the fixed bearing (40) closest to the wheel (50) in order to bring the amount of decentralisation of the latter within a predetermined limit, comprising a ring (46B) with its internal periphery (47B) and external periphery (48B) relatively decentralised, inserted between the bearing (40) which is in contact with said internal periphery (47B) and a bearing housing which is in contact with said external periphery (48B) and is arranged within the support (31 ) of said bearing, the degree (C1, C2) of decentralisation of said peripheries and the orientation of said ring being such that the eccentricity of the wheel (50) in relation to the ring (13) becomes less than said predetermined limit.
2. System in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the means of the measuring device for correcting the orientation of the axis of the shaft (24) comprise a block (65) fixed rigidly to the measuring frame (60) and supporting the shaft, said bearing being provided with means (66) for correcting its position in relation to the measuring frame in two directions at right angles to the axis of the shaft.
3. System in accordance with Claim 2, characterized in that the ring (13) is carried by a collar (14) including an assembling flange (141), said first displacement sensor (78) carried by said support rod (71) being intended to measure the variation in distance of the support rod and said flange (141 ) when the shaft (24) rotates.
4. System in accordance with any of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the wheel (50) is carried directly by the shaft (24) designed to be mounted in bearings fixed rigidly to the framework of the turbine.
5. System in accordance with any of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the wheel (50) is carried by a first shaft (53) fixed rigidly to an inter-shaft bearing (54) supported by a second shaft (24) designed to be mounted in bearings fixed rigidly to the framework of the turbine.
EP82401991A 1981-11-05 1982-10-28 System for centering the rotor of a turbo machine Expired EP0079272B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8120719A FR2515734A1 (en) 1981-11-05 1981-11-05 SYSTEM FOR ADJUSTING THE CENTERING OF A TURBOMACHINE WHEEL AND TURBOMACHINE PROVIDED WITH MEANS FOR APPLYING SAID SYSTEM
FR8120719 1981-11-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0079272A1 EP0079272A1 (en) 1983-05-18
EP0079272B1 true EP0079272B1 (en) 1985-04-10

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US (1) US4548546A (en)
EP (1) EP0079272B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5888403A (en)
DE (1) DE3263023D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2515734A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5888403A (en) 1983-05-26
DE3263023D1 (en) 1985-05-15
EP0079272A1 (en) 1983-05-18
FR2515734A1 (en) 1983-05-06
US4548546A (en) 1985-10-22
JPH0419365B2 (en) 1992-03-30

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