EP0078960B1 - Method and device for glueing particles, especially wood-shavings - Google Patents

Method and device for glueing particles, especially wood-shavings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0078960B1
EP0078960B1 EP82109799A EP82109799A EP0078960B1 EP 0078960 B1 EP0078960 B1 EP 0078960B1 EP 82109799 A EP82109799 A EP 82109799A EP 82109799 A EP82109799 A EP 82109799A EP 0078960 B1 EP0078960 B1 EP 0078960B1
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Prior art keywords
glue
section
air
particles
pipe
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EP82109799A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0078960A1 (en
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Ag Bayer
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Bayer AG
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Bayer AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for gluing particulate material in the form of chips, wafers, beaches, fibers, chips, dust or the like. from various, if necessary, pre-dried raw materials, in particular lignocellulosic materials such as wood, annual plants etc., but also from shredded material waste, by spraying glue onto the material dissolved into a particle veil during the pneumatic material conveyance in a tube.
  • a device for carrying out the method is shown, consisting of a pneumatic material conveying device with a conveying fan, from which a pipe section leads to a feeding device for the particulate material; an adjoining further pipe section, to which a gluing device with at least one spray nozzle is assigned.
  • Glue spray nozzles are used in a pipe section which are so related to the inner diameter of the pipe section that the spray cone completely fills the cross section.
  • the spray cone can only fill the full cross section of the pipe section if the glue particles sprayed from the glue spray nozzle also have the opportunity to be distributed over the full cross section. This is only the case if the amount of the goods placed in relation to the amount of air flow does not exceed a certain ratio, ie the goods transport device only conveys a comparatively small amount of goods.
  • the fine distribution device for the fiber material essentially consists of a stationary sieve cage or a perforated wall and an agitator arranged inside the cage. A metering device for the fiber material is connected upstream of this fine distribution device.
  • the agitator in the fine distribution device is driven and has agitator arms which expel the fiber material radially outwards through the openings of the cage in superimposed planes, so that in this way and without the particles touching a wall, a particle veil is formed which slides down in free fall and is designed in the form of a cylindrical surface.
  • This particle curtain is glued in two stages, one from the inside and one or more times from the outside, by successively spraying binder or glue onto the particles of the particle curtain.
  • the particle curtain itself has a considerable thickness, so that the glue jets, which are applied from the inside to the outside of the particle curtain, wet the particle curtain differently and penetrate into the particle curtain at different depths. Gluing from the inside takes place without pressure. Gluing from outside can be done under pressure.
  • agitators are connected downstream or two wetting systems are provided in series, through which the particles are passed one after the other. The mechanical effort for these special treatments is considerable.
  • DE-A-2 913 081 shows a method with which even wood chips of a flat design, such as are indispensable proportionately in a particle board, can be properly glued by the particle curtain Wood chips are turned between two gluing stages and the glue application in the first stage mainly on the front and in the second stage mainly on the back of the flat wood chips.
  • the particle veil is made very thin. Considerable mechanical effort is also required here.
  • a method and a device are known from DE-AS-2 653 683, wherein a spirally moving ring is formed from wood chips and the wood chips are provided with the binder.
  • a high-speed mixer shaft is used, which generates the spirally moving ring of chips along the inner wall of the mixing container.
  • Glue centrifugal tubes with their outlet openings for the binder are immersed in this ring of chips.
  • the mixer shaft is provided in the entire gluing and mixing zone with such centrifugal glue pipes over the circumference and axially distributed.
  • the glue centrifugal pipes not only have the function of delivering the binder to the chips, but they also exert a certain mixing effect on the wood chips of the ring of chips.
  • the binding agent emerges from chips in the form of drops and is carried away by the passing chips by blurring.
  • the binder is obtained by rubbing the Wood chips evenly distributed over all chips using constantly changing relative speeds. Despite the considerable length, a homogeneous distribution is not achieved because the binder in the form of drops is initially transferred to individual chips in a very concentrated manner.
  • DE-B-2 304 262 shows a very similar device, but the binding agent is added through tubes in the wall of the mixing container with a pressure-free feed. The openings of the tubes are in the ring of chips.
  • the binder in droplet form is removed from the chips at the free end of each feed tube and, by blurring and coming into contact with other chips, reaches other wood chips.
  • pneumatic chip transport devices with a conveying fan, feed screw, piping, separator, compensating vessel and knife lock or the like are known, which serve to transport the chips, for example from their production point to a further processing point.
  • the known systems convey the chips in a loosened form through pipelines with a more or less high proportion of transport air. Long transport routes can also be bridged without significant wear on system parts or an additional shredding effect on the chips.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve optimal gluing of the material in the sense of a high, homogeneous distribution of the glue and, at the same time, to keep the mechanical outlay comparatively low.
  • this is achieved in that the particle curtain is brought together on part of the cross section of the tube and the glue is mixed with the air in the other part of the cross section thus formed, which is kept free from the material, and that this glue-laden air is brought into contact with the particle curtain .
  • the particle curtain is initially guided in such a way that it is pressed together on part of the cross section of the pipe section, while the other part forms a free space, in which only the conveyor track is located.
  • the glue is then sprayed into this free space so that it mixes with the air present there or is finely distributed in it. This happens over a longer distance, whereby this glue-laden air is then brought into contact with the particle curtain and mixes with it.
  • a medium pressure system with an air pressure of approximately 0.2 to 0.8 bar is used for the pneumatic conveying of goods.
  • These medium pressure systems have the advantage of a relatively high consistency, i. H. the ratio of the amount of air to the amount of particles is favorable here.
  • the binder is not diluted too much.
  • the particle curtain absorbs the binder, which is sprayed or atomized without the risk that the inner wall of the pipe or the pipeline is unreasonably wetted by the binder, so that build-up phenomena could form there.
  • a material density is favorable in which about 150 liters of chips with a layer weight of 100 kg / m3 are conveyed or moved in one cubic meter of air.
  • a liquid pressure of about 200 bar can be useful for spraying on the glue in the tube of the pneumatic material conveying, but is not limited to this.
  • Two-substance nozzles that can be pressurized with air can also be used.
  • the gluing is expediently carried out by a plurality of spatially staggered nozzles which are arranged one behind the other in the tube.
  • the particle curtain can be evenly distributed by air baffles in the pipe of the pneumatic material conveying and thinned in front of the outlet openings of the nozzles. H. be kept away from these outlet openings so that the binder is first dissolved in air and sprayed on, only to then come into contact with the good particles in a finer distribution.
  • the device for carrying out the method is characterized in that the spray nozzle is assigned air baffles for merging the particle curtain on part of the cross section of the pipe section and for creating another part of the cross section free of material.
  • nozzles are located at the end of supply pipes for the glue, which penetrate the pipe from the outside in and end more or less centrally in the axis of the pipe.
  • a medium-pressure blower with an air pressure of approximately 0.2 to 0.8 bar is used as the conveying blower in order to achieve a high material density around the nozzles in the pipeline, which is just favorable for the application of the glue.
  • FIG. 1 shows the essential parts of a pneumatic material transport device for wood chips.
  • Air is drawn in by a conveying blower 2 via a filter 1 and pressed into the pipeline 3.
  • the pipeline 3 can be designed very differently depending on the local needs and consist of individual pipes 5 connected to one another via flanges 4. Only the essential parts of the pneumatic material transport device are shown here.
  • Downstream of the conveyor blower 2 and in the vicinity thereof, a feed device 6 with a corresponding lock is provided in order to be able to introduce the wood chips into the pneumatic conveyor system.
  • One or more sight glasses 7 can be installed in the pipeline 3 so that the air flow with the chips carried by it can be observed from the outside as a particle curtain in the form of a particle curtain.
  • the glue supply is provided on a pipe 5 or distributed in succession on several pipes.
  • a pump 8 is used to apply the liquid pressure to the liquid glue, which is approximately 200 bar.
  • a line 9 leads through the wall of the tube 5 and ends in a nozzle 10 through which the glue is sprayed.
  • the nozzle 10 is arranged approximately in the axis of the tube 5 and points in the direction of conveyance of the chip flow according to arrow II.
  • the nozzle 10 or the end of the line 9 is surrounded by funnel-shaped or conical air-guiding internals 12, which ensure that the outlet end of the nozzle 10 is kept free of chips.
  • the dissolved particle veil of the wood chips is expanded outwards at this point, so that the flow lines 13 result. This creates a pressure cone 14 behind the nozzle 10, in which the glue has the opportunity to mix with the air and to distribute it finely over a larger volume of air before it comes into contact with the particle curtain.
  • a plurality of nozzles 10 are preferably provided axially one behind the other in the pipe 5 or in the pipe 3, but a minimum distance of one meter is not exceeded. In this way it is possible to gradually increase the glue application and to achieve a particularly homogeneous distribution of the glue on the particle veil of the wood chips.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Jellies, Jams, And Syrups (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

For achieving optimum application of bonding agent to particulate material, in particular chips, without elaborate plant and machinery, it is proposed to carry out the application of bonding agent using a pneumatic conveyor device for material which is in any case present, by arranging at least one spray nozzle for bonding agent in at least one section of the pipes of the material transport device and spraying the particles which are transported in the form of a film, using this spray nozzle for bonding agent.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Beleimen von teilchenförmigem Gut in Form von Spänen, Wafers, Strands, Fasern, Schnitzeln, Staub o.dgl. aus verschiedenen ggfs. vorgetrockneten Rohstoffen, insbes. lignozellulosehaltigen Stoffen wie Holz, Einjahrespflanzen usw., darüber hinaus aber auch aus zerkleinerten Werkstoffabfällen, durch Sprühen von Leim auf das zu einem Teilchenschleier aufgelöste Gut während der pneumatischen Gutförderung in einem Rohr. Es wird gleichzeitig eine Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens aufgezeigt, bestehend aus einer pneumatischen Gutfördervorrichtung mit Fördergebläse, von welchem ein Rohrleitungsabschnitt zu einer Aufgabevorrichtung für das teilchenförmige Gut führt ; einem daran anschließenden weiteren Rohrabschnitt, welchem eine Beleimungsvorrichtung mit mindestens einer Sprühdüse zugeordnet ist.The invention relates to a method for gluing particulate material in the form of chips, wafers, beaches, fibers, chips, dust or the like. from various, if necessary, pre-dried raw materials, in particular lignocellulosic materials such as wood, annual plants etc., but also from shredded material waste, by spraying glue onto the material dissolved into a particle veil during the pneumatic material conveyance in a tube. At the same time, a device for carrying out the method is shown, consisting of a pneumatic material conveying device with a conveying fan, from which a pipe section leads to a feeding device for the particulate material; an adjoining further pipe section, to which a gluing device with at least one spray nozzle is assigned.

Ein Verfahren der eingangs beschriebenen Art ist aus DE-A-1632450 bekannt In einem Rohrabschnitt finden Leimsprühdüsen Verwendung, die in einer solchen Relation zum Innendurchmesser des Rohrabschnittes stehen, daß der Sprühkegel den Querschnitt voll ausfüllt. Der Sprühkegel kann allerdings nur dann den vollen Querschnitt des Rohrabschnittes ausfüllen, wenn die von der Leimsprühdüse ausgesprühten Leimteilchen auch die Gelegenheit haben, sich über den vollen Querschnitt zu verteilen. Dies ist nur dann der Fall, wenn die Menge des aufgegebenen Gutes zu der Menge des Luftstroms ein bestimmtes Verhältnis nicht übersteigt, also die Guttransportvorrichtung nur eine vergleichsweise geringe Menge Gut fördert. Wird diese Bedingung aber eingehalten, dann besteht andererseits die Gefahr, daß sich der von der Leimsprühdüse abgesprühte Leim an der Auftreffstelle an der Rohrwandung aufbaut, so daß das Rohr bei entsprechender Betriebszeit zugesetzt wird. Wird dagegen der Anteil des aufgegebenen Gutes erhöht, um einer solchen Ansatzbildung an der Rohrwand entgegenzuwirken, dann ist nicht mehr gewährleistet, daß sich der abgesprühte Leim gleichmäßig auf die Gutteilchen verteilt.A method of the type described at the outset is known from DE-A-1632450. Glue spray nozzles are used in a pipe section which are so related to the inner diameter of the pipe section that the spray cone completely fills the cross section. However, the spray cone can only fill the full cross section of the pipe section if the glue particles sprayed from the glue spray nozzle also have the opportunity to be distributed over the full cross section. This is only the case if the amount of the goods placed in relation to the amount of air flow does not exceed a certain ratio, ie the goods transport device only conveys a comparatively small amount of goods. However, if this condition is met, then there is the risk that the glue sprayed from the glue spray nozzle builds up at the point of impact on the pipe wall, so that the pipe is clogged with the appropriate operating time. If, on the other hand, the proportion of the feed material is increased in order to counteract such formation of deposits on the pipe wall, it is no longer guaranteed that the sprayed-off glue is distributed evenly over the feed particles.

Aus der DE-A-1 653 223 ist es bekannt, eine Feinverteileinrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Teilchenschleiers vorzusehen. Die dabei eingesetzte Anlage ist auf die Verarbeitung von Fasermaterial, wie Holzfasern, kurzfaserigem feinen Holzstaub, abgestimmt, also auf kurze, feine und dünne Fasern. Die Feinverteileinrichtung für das Fasermaterial besteht im wesentlichen aus einem stillstehenden Siebkäfig bzw. einer durchbrochenen Wandung und einem innerhalb des Käfigs angeordneten Rührwerk. Dieser Feinverteileinrichtung ist eine Zumeßeinrichtung für das Fasermaterial vorgeschaltet. Das Rührwerk in der Feinverteileinrichtung wird angetrieben und besitzt Rührarme, die das Fasermaterial durch die Durchbrechungen des Käfigs in übereinanderliegenden Ebenen radial nach außen austreiben, so daß auf diese Weise und ohne Berührung der Teilchen mit einer Wand ein Teilchenschleier gebildet wird, der im freien Fall niedergleitet und in Form einer Zylindermantelfläche ausgebildet ist. Dieser Teilchenschleier wird in zwei Stufen beleimt, und zwar einmal von innen und einmal oder mehrmals von außen, indem nacheinander Bindemittel bzw. Leim auf die Teilchen des Teilchenschleiers aufgesprüht wird. Der Teilchenschieier selbst besitzt eine beachtliche Dicke, so daß die Leimstrahlen, die von innen nach außen auf den Teilchenschleier aufgebracht werden, den Teilchenschleier unterschiedlich benetzen und unterschiedlich tief in den Teilchenschleier eindringen. Die Beleimung von innen erfolgt drucklos. Die Beleimung von außen kann unter Druck erfolgen. Um der ungleichmäßigen Beleimung entgegenzuwirken, werden Rührwerke nachgeschaltet oder auch zwei Benetzungsanlagen hintereinander vorgesehen, durch die die Teilchen nacheinander hindurchgeführt werden. Der maschinelle Aufwand für diese Sonderbehandlungen ist erheblich.From DE-A-1 653 223 it is known to provide a fine distribution device for generating a particle veil. The system used is tailored to the processing of fiber material, such as wood fibers, short-fiber fine wood dust, i.e. short, fine and thin fibers. The fine distribution device for the fiber material essentially consists of a stationary sieve cage or a perforated wall and an agitator arranged inside the cage. A metering device for the fiber material is connected upstream of this fine distribution device. The agitator in the fine distribution device is driven and has agitator arms which expel the fiber material radially outwards through the openings of the cage in superimposed planes, so that in this way and without the particles touching a wall, a particle veil is formed which slides down in free fall and is designed in the form of a cylindrical surface. This particle curtain is glued in two stages, one from the inside and one or more times from the outside, by successively spraying binder or glue onto the particles of the particle curtain. The particle curtain itself has a considerable thickness, so that the glue jets, which are applied from the inside to the outside of the particle curtain, wet the particle curtain differently and penetrate into the particle curtain at different depths. Gluing from the inside takes place without pressure. Gluing from outside can be done under pressure. In order to counteract the uneven gluing, agitators are connected downstream or two wetting systems are provided in series, through which the particles are passed one after the other. The mechanical effort for these special treatments is considerable.

Um eine gleichmäßigere Beleimung der Teilchen eines Teilchenschleiers zu erzielen, wird in der DE-A-2 913 081 ein Verfahren aufgezeigt, mit dem auch flächig ausgebildete Holzspäne, wie sie anteilmäßig in einer Holzspanplatte unerläßlich sind, ordnungsgemäß beleimt werden können, indem der Teilchenschleier der Holzspäne zwischen zwei Beleimungsstufen gewendet wird und der Leimauftrag in der ersten Stufe überwiegend auf die Vorderseite und in der zweiten Stufe überwiegend auf die Rückseite der flächigen Holzspäne erfolgt. Der Teilchenschleier wird dabei sehr dünn ausgebildet. Auch hier ist ein beachtlicher maschineller Aufwand erforderlich.In order to achieve a more uniform glueing of the particles of a particle curtain, DE-A-2 913 081 shows a method with which even wood chips of a flat design, such as are indispensable proportionately in a particle board, can be properly glued by the particle curtain Wood chips are turned between two gluing stages and the glue application in the first stage mainly on the front and in the second stage mainly on the back of the flat wood chips. The particle veil is made very thin. Considerable mechanical effort is also required here.

Aus der DE-AS-2 653 683 sind ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung bekannt, wobei aus Holzspänen ein sich spiralförmig bewegender Ring gebildet wird und die Holzspäne dabei mit dem Bindemittel versehen werden. In der eingesetzten Vorrichtung findet eine schnellaufende Mischwerkswelle Anwendung, die den sich spiralig bewegenden Ring aus Spänen entlang der Innenwandung des Mischgutbehälters erzeugt. In diesen Ring aus Spänen tauchen Leimschleuderrohre mit ihren Austrittsöffnungen für das Bindemittel ein. Die Mischwerkswelle ist in der gesamten Beleim- und Mischzone mit solchen Leimschleuderrohren über den Umfang und axial verteilt versehen. Die Leimschleuderrohre haben nicht nur die Funktion, das Bindemittel an die Späne abzugeben, sondern sie üben auch noch eine gewisse Mischwirkung auf die Holzspäne des Ringes aus Spänen aus. Das Bindemittel tritt am Ende der Rohre im Ring aus Spänen in Tropfenform aus und wird von den vorbeistreichenden Spänen durch Verwischen mitgenommen. Das Bindemittel wird durch Reiben der Holzspäne unter Anwendung ständig wechselnder Relativgeschwindigkeiten gleichmäßig auf sämtliche Späne verteilt. Trotz erheblicher Baulänge wird keine homogene Verteilung erreicht, weil das Bindemittel in Tropfenform zunächst einmal sehr konzentriert auf einzelne Späne übertragen wird.A method and a device are known from DE-AS-2 653 683, wherein a spirally moving ring is formed from wood chips and the wood chips are provided with the binder. In the device used, a high-speed mixer shaft is used, which generates the spirally moving ring of chips along the inner wall of the mixing container. Glue centrifugal tubes with their outlet openings for the binder are immersed in this ring of chips. The mixer shaft is provided in the entire gluing and mixing zone with such centrifugal glue pipes over the circumference and axially distributed. The glue centrifugal pipes not only have the function of delivering the binder to the chips, but they also exert a certain mixing effect on the wood chips of the ring of chips. At the end of the tubes in the ring, the binding agent emerges from chips in the form of drops and is carried away by the passing chips by blurring. The binder is obtained by rubbing the Wood chips evenly distributed over all chips using constantly changing relative speeds. Despite the considerable length, a homogeneous distribution is not achieved because the binder in the form of drops is initially transferred to individual chips in a very concentrated manner.

Eine ganz ähnliche Vorrichtung zeigt die DE-B-2 304 262, wobei jedoch die Bindemittelzugabe durch Röhrchen in der Wandung des Mischbehälters unter druckfreiem Zulauf erfolgt. Die Öffnungen der Röhrchen befinden sich in dem Ring aus Spänen. Auch hier wird das Bindemittel in Tropfenform von den Spänen am freien Ende jedes Zulaufröhrchens abgenommen und gelangt durch Verwischen und durch Kontakt mit anderen Spänen auf weitere Holzspäne.DE-B-2 304 262 shows a very similar device, but the binding agent is added through tubes in the wall of the mixing container with a pressure-free feed. The openings of the tubes are in the ring of chips. Here, too, the binder in droplet form is removed from the chips at the free end of each feed tube and, by blurring and coming into contact with other chips, reaches other wood chips.

Auch bei diesen bekannten Vorrichtungen müssen gesonderte Anlagen eingesetzt und betrieben werden, die in jedem Fall einen zusätzlichen Aufwand darstellen.Separate systems must also be used and operated in these known devices, which in each case represent an additional effort.

Andererseits sind pneumatische Spänetransportvorrichtungen mit Fördergebläse, Aufgabeschnecke, Rohrleitungen, Abscheider, Ausgleichsgefäß und Messerschleuse oder dergleichen bekannt, die dazu dienen, die Späne zu transportieren, beispielsweise von ihrer Erzeugungsstelle zu einer Weiterverarbeitungsstelle. Die bekannten Anlagen fördern mit einem mehr oder weniger hohen Anteil an Transportluft die Späne in aufgelockerter Form durch Rohrleitungen. Dabei sind auch lange Transportwege überbrückbar, ohne daß ein wesentlicher Verschleiß an Anlagenteilen oder eine zusätzliche Zerkleinerungswirkung an den Spänen auftritt.On the other hand, pneumatic chip transport devices with a conveying fan, feed screw, piping, separator, compensating vessel and knife lock or the like are known, which serve to transport the chips, for example from their production point to a further processing point. The known systems convey the chips in a loosened form through pipelines with a more or less high proportion of transport air. Long transport routes can also be bridged without significant wear on system parts or an additional shredding effect on the chips.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine optimale Beleimung des Gutes im Sinne hoher homogener Verteilung des Leimes zu erreichen und gleichzeitig den maschinellen Aufwand vergleichsweise gering zu halten.The object of the invention is to achieve optimal gluing of the material in the sense of a high, homogeneous distribution of the glue and, at the same time, to keep the mechanical outlay comparatively low.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, daß der Teilchenschleier auf einen Teil des Querschnitts des Rohres zusammengeführt und der Leim in dem so gebildeten, vom Gut freigehaltenen anderen Teil des Querschnitts mit der Luft vermischt wird, und daß diese leimbeladene Luft mit dem Teilchenschleier in Kontakt gebracht wird. Durch die Erfindung wird der Teilchenschleier gezielt zunächst so geführt, daß er auf einem Teil des Querschnitts des Rohrabschnitts zusammengedrängt wird, während der andere Teil gleichsam einen Freiraum bildet, in welchem sich lediglich die Förderbahn befindet. Sodann wird der Leim in diesen Freiraum hinein versprüht, so daß er sich mit der dort vorhandenen Luft vermischt bzw. in dieser fein verteilt. Dies geschieht über eine längere Strecke hin, wobei diese leimbeladene Luft dann mit dem Teilchenschleier in Kontakt gebracht wird und sich mit diesem vermischt. Auf diese Art und Weise wird der Beleimungsvorgang örtlich auseinandergezogen und es besteht nicht mehr die Gefahr, daß sich der Rohrabschnitt zusetzt. Bei Anwendung dieses Verfahrens ist es nicht erforderlich, den Anteil des Fördergutes relativ zum Anteil der Förderluft besonders gering zu halten. Die Anwendung des Verfahrens hat den weiteren Vorteil, daß kaum Verschleiß eintritt und auch keine Änderung der Teilchengröße des Gutes durch unerwünschte Nachzerkleinerung eintritt, wie dies bei intensiv arbeitenden Beleimungsanla- gen, die mit einem Mischer ausgestattet sind, auftritt.According to the invention, this is achieved in that the particle curtain is brought together on part of the cross section of the tube and the glue is mixed with the air in the other part of the cross section thus formed, which is kept free from the material, and that this glue-laden air is brought into contact with the particle curtain . By means of the invention, the particle curtain is initially guided in such a way that it is pressed together on part of the cross section of the pipe section, while the other part forms a free space, in which only the conveyor track is located. The glue is then sprayed into this free space so that it mixes with the air present there or is finely distributed in it. This happens over a longer distance, whereby this glue-laden air is then brought into contact with the particle curtain and mixes with it. In this way, the gluing process is locally pulled apart and there is no longer any risk of the pipe section becoming clogged. When using this method, it is not necessary to keep the proportion of the conveyed material particularly low relative to the proportion of the conveyed air. The application of the method has the further advantage that hardly any wear occurs and occurs no change of the particle size of the material by shredding undesirable, as in intensive working Beleimun g sanla- gene, which are equipped with a mixer, occurs.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn für die pneumatische Gutförderung ein Mitteldrucksystem mit etwa 0,2 bis 0,8 bar Luftdruck eingesetzt wird. Diese Mitteldrucksysteme haben den Vorteil einer relativ hohen Stoffdichte, d. h. das Verhältnis von Luftmenge zu Teilchenmenge ist hier günstig. Das Bindemittel wird nicht zu sehr verdünnt. Der Teilchenschleier nimmt das Bindemittel auf, welches versprüht bzw. verdüst wird, ohne daß die Gefahr besteht, daß die Innenwandung des Rohres bzw. der Rohrleitung unzumutbar von dem Bindemittel benetzt wird, so daß sich dort Aufbauerscheinungen ausbilden könnten. Günstig ist eine Stoffdichte, bei der etwa 150 Liter Späne mit einem Schichtgewicht von 100 kg/m3 in einem Kubikmeter Luft gefördert bzw. bewegt werden. Für das Aufsprühen des Leimes in dem Rohr der pneumatischen Gutförderung kann ein Flüssigkeitsdruck von etwa 200 bar sinnvoll sein, ist aber nicht darauf beschränkt. Auch druckluftbeaufschlagbare Zweistoffdüsen können Anwendung finden.It is particularly advantageous if a medium pressure system with an air pressure of approximately 0.2 to 0.8 bar is used for the pneumatic conveying of goods. These medium pressure systems have the advantage of a relatively high consistency, i. H. the ratio of the amount of air to the amount of particles is favorable here. The binder is not diluted too much. The particle curtain absorbs the binder, which is sprayed or atomized without the risk that the inner wall of the pipe or the pipeline is unreasonably wetted by the binder, so that build-up phenomena could form there. A material density is favorable in which about 150 liters of chips with a layer weight of 100 kg / m3 are conveyed or moved in one cubic meter of air. A liquid pressure of about 200 bar can be useful for spraying on the glue in the tube of the pneumatic material conveying, but is not limited to this. Two-substance nozzles that can be pressurized with air can also be used.

Die Beleimung erfolgt zweckmäßig durch mehrere räumlich versetzt angeordnete Düsen, die hintereinander in dem Rohr angeordnet sind.The gluing is expediently carried out by a plurality of spatially staggered nozzles which are arranged one behind the other in the tube.

Der Teilchenschleier kann durch Luftleiteinbauten im Rohr der pneumatischen Gutförderung gleichmäßig verteilt und vor den Austrittsöffnungen der Düsen verdünnt werden, d. h. von diesen Austrittsöffnungen ferngehalten werden, damit zunächst einmal das Bindemittel in Luft aufgelöst und aufgesprüht wird, um dann in feinerer Verteilung erst mit den Gutteilchen in Kontakt zu treten.The particle curtain can be evenly distributed by air baffles in the pipe of the pneumatic material conveying and thinned in front of the outlet openings of the nozzles. H. be kept away from these outlet openings so that the binder is first dissolved in air and sprayed on, only to then come into contact with the good particles in a finer distribution.

Sofern als Leim Polyisocyanatgemisch der Diphenylmethan-Reihe (polymeres MDI), wie z. B. in der DE-B-2711 958 beschrieben, allein oder in Mischung mit Wasser eingesetzt wird, besteht eine sehr geringe Verschmutzungsgefahr der Rohrleitung der pneumatischen Gutförderung.If as a glue polyisocyanate mixture of the diphenylmethane series (polymeric MDI), such as. B. described in DE-B-2711 958, used alone or in a mixture with water, there is a very low risk of contamination of the pipeline of the pneumatic conveying.

Die Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sprühdüse Luftleiteinbauten zum Zusammenführen des Teilchenschleiers auf einem Teil des Querschnittes des Rohrabschnitts und zum Schaffen eines vom Gut freien anderen Teils des Querschnitts zugeordnet sind.The device for carrying out the method is characterized in that the spray nozzle is assigned air baffles for merging the particle curtain on part of the cross section of the pipe section and for creating another part of the cross section free of material.

Diese Düsen sitzen am Ende von Zufuhrrohren für den Leim, die das Rohr von außen nach innen durchdringen und mehr oder weniger zentrisch in der Achse der Rohrleitung enden. Als Fördergebläse wird ein Mitteldruckgebläse mit etwa 0,2 bis 0,8 bar Luftdruck eingesetzt, um um die Düsen in der Rohrleitung herum eine hohe Stoffdichte zu erzielen, die für die Aufbringung des Leimes gerade günstig ist. Es können auch mehr als eine Düse zum Versprühen des Leimes in einem Mindestabstand von etwa einem Meter hintereinander im Rohr der Guttransportvorrichtung angeordnet sein, um den Leimauftrag stufenweise aufzubringen. Hierdurch wird eine besonders homogene Verteilung erreicht.These nozzles are located at the end of supply pipes for the glue, which penetrate the pipe from the outside in and end more or less centrally in the axis of the pipe. A medium-pressure blower with an air pressure of approximately 0.2 to 0.8 bar is used as the conveying blower in order to achieve a high material density around the nozzles in the pipeline, which is just favorable for the application of the glue. There can also be more than one nozzle for spraying the glue be arranged at a minimum distance of about one meter in a row in the pipe of the material transport device in order to apply the glue step by step. This results in a particularly homogeneous distribution.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen :

  • Figur 1 eine schematische Übersichtsskizze der Vorrichtung insgesamt und
  • Figur 2 einen Schnitt durch das Rohr mit Düse.
An embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in the drawing and is described in more detail below. Show it :
  • Figure 1 is a schematic overview sketch of the device as a whole and
  • Figure 2 shows a section through the tube with a nozzle.

Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Anlage zeigt die wesentlichen Teile einer pneumatischen Guttransportvorrichtung für Holzspäne. Über ein Filter 1 wird von einem Fördergebläse 2 Luft angesaugt und in die Rohrleitung 3 gepreßt. Die Rohrleitung 3 kann je nach den örtlichen Bedürfnissen ganz verschieden ausgebildet sein und aus einzelnen über Flansche 4 miteinander verbundenen Rohren 5 bestehen. Es sind hier nur die wesentlichen Teile der pneumatischen Guttransportvorrichtung dargestellt. Dem Fördergebläse 2 nachgeschaltet und in dessen Nähe ist eine Aufgabeeinrichtung 6 mit entsprechender Schleuse vorgesehen, um die Holzspäne in die pneumatische Förderanlage einbringen zu können. In der Rohrleitung 3 können ein oder mehrere Schaugläser 7 eingebaut sein, damit der Luftstrom mit den durch ihn getragenen Spänen in der Auflösung als Teilchenschleier von außen beobachtet werden kann.The system shown in Fig. 1 shows the essential parts of a pneumatic material transport device for wood chips. Air is drawn in by a conveying blower 2 via a filter 1 and pressed into the pipeline 3. The pipeline 3 can be designed very differently depending on the local needs and consist of individual pipes 5 connected to one another via flanges 4. Only the essential parts of the pneumatic material transport device are shown here. Downstream of the conveyor blower 2 and in the vicinity thereof, a feed device 6 with a corresponding lock is provided in order to be able to introduce the wood chips into the pneumatic conveyor system. One or more sight glasses 7 can be installed in the pipeline 3 so that the air flow with the chips carried by it can be observed from the outside as a particle curtain in the form of a particle curtain.

An geeigneter Stelle im Bereich der Rohrleitung 3 ist an einem Rohr 5 oder auch verteilt hintereinander an mehreren Rohren die Leimzuführung vorgesehen. Eine Pumpe 8 dient dem Aufbringen des Flüssigkeitsdruckes auf den flüssigen Leim, der etwa 200 bar beträgt. Durch die Wandung des Rohres 5 hindurch führt eine Leitung 9, die in einer Düse 10 endet, durch die der Leim versprüht wird. Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist, ist die Düse 10 etwa in der Achse des Rohres 5 angeordnet und weist in Förderrichtung des Spänestroms gemäß Pfeil ll. Die Düse 10 bzw. das Ende der Leitung 9 ist von trichter- bzw. kegelförmigen Luftleiteinbauten 12 umgeben, die bewirken, daß das Austrittsende der Düse 10 frei von Spänen gehalten wird. Der aufgelöste Teilchenschleier der Holzspäne wird an dieser Stelle nach außen aufgeweitet, so daß sich die Strömungslinien 13 ergeben. Hierdurch baut sich ein Druckkegel 14 hinter der Düse 10 auf, in welchem der Leim Gelegenheit hat, sich mit der Luft zu durchmischen und auf ein größeres Luftvolumen fein zu verteilen, bevor dies mit dem Teilchenschleier in Kontakt tritt.At a suitable point in the area of the pipeline 3, the glue supply is provided on a pipe 5 or distributed in succession on several pipes. A pump 8 is used to apply the liquid pressure to the liquid glue, which is approximately 200 bar. A line 9 leads through the wall of the tube 5 and ends in a nozzle 10 through which the glue is sprayed. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the nozzle 10 is arranged approximately in the axis of the tube 5 and points in the direction of conveyance of the chip flow according to arrow II. The nozzle 10 or the end of the line 9 is surrounded by funnel-shaped or conical air-guiding internals 12, which ensure that the outlet end of the nozzle 10 is kept free of chips. The dissolved particle veil of the wood chips is expanded outwards at this point, so that the flow lines 13 result. This creates a pressure cone 14 behind the nozzle 10, in which the glue has the opportunity to mix with the air and to distribute it finely over a larger volume of air before it comes into contact with the particle curtain.

Bevorzugt sind mehrere Düsen 10 axial hintereinander verteilt im Rohr 5 bzw. in der Rohrleitung 3 vorgesehen, wobei ein Mindestabstand von einem Meter jedoch nicht unterschritten wird. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, den Leimauftrag stufenweise zu erhöhen und eine besonders homogene Verteilung des Leimes auf den Teilchenschleier der Holzspäne zu erreichen.A plurality of nozzles 10 are preferably provided axially one behind the other in the pipe 5 or in the pipe 3, but a minimum distance of one meter is not exceeded. In this way it is possible to gradually increase the glue application and to achieve a particularly homogeneous distribution of the glue on the particle veil of the wood chips.

Claims (8)

1. Process for gluing particulate material in the form of chips, fibres or the like by spraying glue on to the material, which is in the form of a haze of particles, during the pneumatic conveyance of the material in a pipe (5), characterised in that the haze of particles is drawn together over one part of the cross-section of the pipe (5) and the glue is mixed with the air in the other part of the cross-section which is thereby formed and is kept free from the material and in that this glue-laden air is brought into contact with the haze of particles.
2. Process according to Claim 1, characterised in that a medium pressure system of 0.2 to 0.8 bars of air pressure is used for the pneumatic conveyance of the material.
3. Process according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a polyisocyanate mixture of the diphenylmethane series is used as the glue.
4. Apparatus for carrying out the process according to Claims 1 to 3, consisting of a pneumatic material-conveying device having a conveyor blower (2) from which a pipeline section (3) leads to a feed device (6) for the particulate material ; an adjoining further pipe section (5) which is provided with a gluing device (8, 9) having at least one spray nozzle (10), characterised in that the spray nozzle (10) is provided with air-guiding fittings (12) for drawing together the haze of particles over one part of the cross-section of the pipe section (5) and for creating another part of the cross-section which is free from the material.
5. Apparatus according to Claim 4, characterised by air-guiding fittings (12) in the form of a conical hollow body which opens out in the direction of conveyance and surrounds the spray nozzle (10).
6. Apparatus according to Claim 5, characterised in that both the conical hollow body (12) and the spray nozzle (10) are arranged along the axis of the pipe section (5).
7. Apparatus according to one of Claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the conveyor blower (2) consists of a medium pressure blower for 0.2 to 0.8 bars of air pressure.
8. Apparatus according to one of Claims 4 to 7, characterised in that several spray nozzles (10) are arranged in the pipe section (5) in succession at a distance of at least about one meter away from each other.
EP82109799A 1981-11-05 1982-10-23 Method and device for glueing particles, especially wood-shavings Expired EP0078960B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82109799T ATE19606T1 (en) 1981-11-05 1982-10-23 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GLUEING PARTICULATE GOOD,. PARTICULARLY FROM SPAENEN.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3143895A DE3143895C2 (en) 1981-11-05 1981-11-05 Method and device for applying glue to particulate material in the form of chips, fibers or the like.
DE3143895 1981-11-05

Publications (2)

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EP0078960A1 EP0078960A1 (en) 1983-05-18
EP0078960B1 true EP0078960B1 (en) 1986-05-07

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US (1) US4510184A (en)
EP (1) EP0078960B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE19606T1 (en)
BE (1) BE894930A (en)
CA (1) CA1192796A (en)
DE (1) DE3143895C2 (en)
DK (1) DK159482C (en)
ES (1) ES8401335A1 (en)
FI (1) FI73166C (en)
FR (1) FR2515535B1 (en)

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DE4122842A1 (en) * 1991-07-10 1993-01-14 Glunz Ag METHOD FOR PRODUCING FIBERBOARDS FROM PIECE OF WOOD PARTICLES AND ISOCYANATE AS BINDING AGENT
DE102006013567A1 (en) * 2006-03-24 2007-09-27 Glunz Ag Applying bonding substance to particles, especially transported through blowing path, involves pressure ratio between pressure of gaseous transport medium supplied to nozzle and pressure in blowing path near nozzle of at least 2 to 1
DE102006026124A1 (en) * 2006-06-03 2007-12-06 Glunz Ag Method and device for gluing particles in the region of a blower tube

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DE3336665A1 (en) * 1983-10-08 1985-04-25 Gebrüder Lödige, Maschinenbaugesellschaft mbH, 4790 Paderborn METHOD FOR HUMIDIFYING SOLID SUBSTANCES, AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD
US5230959A (en) * 1989-03-20 1993-07-27 Weyerhaeuser Company Coated fiber product with adhered super absorbent particles
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US5071675A (en) * 1989-03-20 1991-12-10 Weyerhaeuser Company Method of applying liquid sizing of alkyl ketene dimer in ethanol to cellulose fibers entrained in a gas stream
US5498478A (en) * 1989-03-20 1996-03-12 Weyerhaeuser Company Polyethylene glycol as a binder material for fibers
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CA2126240A1 (en) 1991-12-17 1993-06-24 Paul Gaddis Hopper blender system and method for coating fibers
DE19506353A1 (en) * 1995-02-23 1996-08-29 Schenck Ag Carl Method and device for wetting with a fluid
IT1274565B (en) * 1995-05-24 1997-07-17 Cmp Spa GLUING MACHINE FOR PRODUCTION PLANTS OF WOOD FIBER PANELS, AND PLANT USING SUCH GLUING MACHINE
IT1307924B1 (en) * 1999-01-25 2001-11-29 Cmp Spa GLUING MACHINE FOR PLANTS TO PRODUCE WOOD INFIBRA PANELS.
DE10153593B4 (en) * 2001-11-02 2005-11-17 Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co Apparatus and method for wetting wood fibers with a binder fluid
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DE102006013567A1 (en) * 2006-03-24 2007-09-27 Glunz Ag Applying bonding substance to particles, especially transported through blowing path, involves pressure ratio between pressure of gaseous transport medium supplied to nozzle and pressure in blowing path near nozzle of at least 2 to 1
DE102006013567B4 (en) * 2006-03-24 2013-09-26 Glunz Ag Method and device for applying binder to particles, in particular fibers, which are conveyed through a blown passage
DE102006026124A1 (en) * 2006-06-03 2007-12-06 Glunz Ag Method and device for gluing particles in the region of a blower tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI73166C (en) 1987-09-10
DK159482B (en) 1990-10-22
CA1192796A (en) 1985-09-03
DE3143895C2 (en) 1985-01-17
DK159482C (en) 1991-04-08
FI823760L (en) 1983-05-06
FR2515535B1 (en) 1986-11-07
ATE19606T1 (en) 1986-05-15
ES517106A0 (en) 1983-12-16
DK490382A (en) 1983-05-06
FI73166B (en) 1987-05-29
DE3143895A1 (en) 1983-05-11
BE894930A (en) 1983-03-01
FI823760A0 (en) 1982-11-03
ES8401335A1 (en) 1983-12-16
EP0078960A1 (en) 1983-05-18
US4510184A (en) 1985-04-09
FR2515535A1 (en) 1983-05-06

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