EP0074899B1 - Dispositif de pulvérisation pour un liquide - Google Patents

Dispositif de pulvérisation pour un liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0074899B1
EP0074899B1 EP19820401649 EP82401649A EP0074899B1 EP 0074899 B1 EP0074899 B1 EP 0074899B1 EP 19820401649 EP19820401649 EP 19820401649 EP 82401649 A EP82401649 A EP 82401649A EP 0074899 B1 EP0074899 B1 EP 0074899B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cup
arm
axis
liquid
bearing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19820401649
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0074899A3 (en
EP0074899A2 (fr
Inventor
Philippe Jean Maurice Lecerf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INTERNATIONALE DU CHAUFFAGE Cie
Original Assignee
INTERNATIONALE DU CHAUFFAGE Cie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INTERNATIONALE DU CHAUFFAGE Cie filed Critical INTERNATIONALE DU CHAUFFAGE Cie
Publication of EP0074899A2 publication Critical patent/EP0074899A2/fr
Publication of EP0074899A3 publication Critical patent/EP0074899A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0074899B1 publication Critical patent/EP0074899B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/04—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying action being obtained by centrifugal action
    • F23D11/06—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying action being obtained by centrifugal action using a horizontal shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/10—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member
    • B05B3/105—Fan or ventilator arrangements therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spraying device for a liquid, in particular intended for a burner for liquid fuel.
  • the rotary cup burners usually reserved for high powers are, however, one of the technological routes capable of satisfying low calorific powers; such burners in fact make it possible to obtain excellent spraying of a liquid fuel by means of a cup driven in rotation, the fuel being introduced into or on the cup, then dispersed by centrifugal force after sliding on a centrifugation surface from the cup.
  • the cup is almost generally mechanically driven by a rotary motor shaft mounted on at least two bearings.
  • to achieve excellent spray quality without excessively increasing the diameter of the cup it is necessary to greatly increase the speed of the latter.
  • obtaining very high rotational speeds implies serious complications if recourse is had to conventional training devices.
  • the object of the present invention is in particular to improve the quality of spraying of a liquid fuel, by means of a simple rotary cup device, inexpensive and nevertheless suitable for very high speeds of rotation.
  • the invention proposes in combination to ensure a drive of the cup at very high speed by the combustion air, as is known per se due to the existence of the aforementioned documents, and to mount the cup on a fixed support by means of connecting means allowing during rotation a self-orientation of the cup under the combined effect of static and dynamic forces due to its own mass, the liquid fuel and the combustion air .
  • the cup can therefore ensure a very fine spraying, followed by an excellent dispersion of the liquid fuel by the air to the point that, in the case where the fuel is a domestic fuel oil, the starting of the burner can be carried out without requiring preheating. Balancing of the cup is satisfactory from rest to a high speed, for example greater than 10,000 rpm and between 10,000 and 60,000 rpm, capable of being adjusted or even modulated by the air flow adjustment.
  • the connecting means can be constituted by an annular or thrust bearing, arranged between the cup and an arm attached to the fixed support in an elastic manner, the arrangement of the bearing and / or of the arm allowing an angular movement limited to the axis of the cup relative to the fixed axis.
  • the bearing can advantageously constitute and / or be supplemented by a fluid bearing.
  • the liquid can advantageously be brought under pressure to the cup by a conduit arranged inside the arm or outside of it, around it, and opening near the bearing so as to lubricate the latter. This results in excellent bearing performance at the cost of a negligible leak of liquid, which can then be recycled to the centrifugation surface of the cup or sprayed directly by means of appropriate arrangements.
  • An annular fuel passage can be provided between the cup, then slidably mounted along the arm, and a stop secured to the arm, limiting the sliding of the cup in the blowing direction; the cross section of the passage is then adjusted automatically due to the forces exerted on the cup by the air and the fuel.
  • the rotary cup burner 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises a motor 2 capable of driving on the one hand a fan 3 intended to convey the combustion air to a chamber 4 and on the other hand a volumetric pump 5 with liquid fuel of which the inlet is connected to a tank and the outlet to a conduit 7 passing through the chamber 4 in which it is immobilized by fixing on a support 11.
  • the duct 7 opens onto or into the rotary cup 8 itself located in a combustion chamber 9, inside a combustion head 16, and assembled with a fixed support 11 which defines a fixed axis 10 around which the cup can rotate.
  • the conduit 7 and the chambers 4 and 9 are aligned along the axis 10, but the conduit 7 can of course be non-coaxial with the chambers.
  • the cup 8 is of revolution about an axis 10a coincident in Figures 1 to 3 with the axis 10, but capable of shifting relative to the latter as will appear later.
  • the liquid fuel coming from the duct 7 is introduced onto a centrifugation surface 12 of the cup from which, during a rotation of the cup around the fixed axis 10, it is expelled by centrifugal force towards the combustion chamber 9 for example passing through slots 28 of the cup.
  • the centrifugation surface 12 of the cup is turned downstream if one refers to direction 13 and comprises successively, from upstream to downstream and in the direction from a distance from the axis 10a, a sectional portion 12a which receives the fuel coming from the duct 7 via a flow regulating passage 27 which will be described later and a sectional portion 12b of larger opening; the slots 28 open inside the cup on its surface 12b and outside the cup on its outer periphery 29, while a cap 17 closes the cup downstream if we refer to the direction 13.
  • the centrifugation surface can of course be arranged differently as shown in Figures 4 and 5, and can thus take a planar or toroidal shape or a helix shape.
  • the cup is mounted via a ball joint connection bearing 18 on a tubular arm 19 linked to the fixed support 11.
  • the cup has internally an annular face 18a of axis 10a and of rounded profile convex towards the axis 10a, the face 18a being defined by an element 33 attached and made of a suitable material, for example a ruby.
  • the cup 8 rests on a cylindrical face 36, of axis 10b and of diameter less than the smallest diameter of the face 18a but close to it, of the tubular arm 19 connected to the fixed conduit 7 by a sleeve tubular 20 made of elastic material.
  • This sleeve ensures on the one hand a sealed communication of the inner conduit 39 of the arm 19 with the interior of the conduit 7 so as to allow the supply of liquid fuel and on the other hand defines for the arm 19 a preferred orientation in which its axis 10b is coincident with the axis 10 (position illustrated in the figures) while allowing the arm 19 to take elastically any position in which its axis 10b is angularly offset with respect to the axis 10, within the limits imposed by a fixed sleeve 11a of the support 11 surrounding the sleeve 38 with a peripheral clearance J.
  • the center of gravity G of the cup is advantageously located on the axis 10a in a plane 35 perpendicular to this axis and corresponding to the smallest diameter of the face 18a.
  • the described assembly also allows sliding of the cup 8 on the arm 19 along the axis 10b thereof, in particular downstream to an abutment face if we refer to the direction 13 of blowing.
  • the stop is advantageously constituted by a return cap 21 integral with the free end 45 of the arm.
  • the return cap 21 has transversely with respect to the axis 10b a solid wall 46 provided with a flange 47 having an abutment face 23 facing an annular abutment face 18b of the cup or of the added element 33 ; between the rim 47 and the face 36 of the arm 19 are passages 22 for the liquid fuel which can thus be routed towards the annular abutment face 18b of the cup 8, in the opposite direction to the direction 13.
  • the liquid fuel supplied by the arm 19 must pass between the annular face 23 of the cap 21 and the face 18b of the cup 8 and, in doing so, it applies to the face 18b and to the whole of the cup a thrust oriented parallel to the axis 10b, in the opposite direction to direction 13, which tends to detach the face 18b from the face 23 to form between them a passage 27 for the fuel towards the face 12, in return for the action of the air blown in the direction 13, which tends on the contrary to press the face 18b against the face 23.
  • the rotary cup described operates in the following manner: the combustion air blown in the direction 13 by the fan passes through the fins 14 and therefore rotates the cup 8 to bring it to a high speed, for example of the order of 40,000 rpm, then the fuel is brought to the cup through the conduit 7.
  • the passage of critical speeds and the maintenance in speed are effected without imbalance as a result of the pivoting of the cup 8 on the arm 19 thanks to the bearing with ball joint 18 and as a result of the elastic oscillation of the arm 19 relative to the fixed support 11.
  • the passage 27 tending to close under the action of the flow of fuel leaving the duct 7, it is established between the face 18a of the cup and the abutment face 23 a fuel film, regulated by the opposing pressures of the air and the fuel.
  • the variation in the speed of the cup and the adjustment or modulation of the combustion power are obtained by the appropriate control of the air and fuel flows by means of the adjustment or regulation of the engine 2.
  • the fuel thus obtained the centrifugation surface 12 is expelled to the combustion chamber 9 where it is dispersed in the air flow.
  • a very small part of the fuel leaving the orifices 22 lubricates the bearing 18 by moving downstream between the faces 18a and 36, then is taken up by non-drawn channels provided in the cup 8 to be brought back to the combustion chamber 9.
  • the rest of the fuel passes through the annular gap 27 between the non-rotating abutment surface 23 and the rotating abutment surface 18b of the bearing 18 to form a fluid abutment and be distributed over the centrifugation surface 12.
  • the assembly When the air blowing and the fuel admission cease, the assembly returns to its initial position, preferably with the cup face 18b returning against the abutment face 23; this return can be carried out using additional magnetic or elastic means.
  • the cup 48 carrying fins 49 similar to the fins 14, is mounted, by means of a ball bearing 50 similar to the ball joint bearing 18 of the cup 8 of the previous figures with the arm 19, on a flexible elastic arm 51, for example of the piano string type, fixed by a curved tail 51a to a fixed support 52 similar to the support 11; this arm 51 carries at its free end 51 b an annular stop 53 having upstream, if one refers to a predetermined direction 54 of combustion air blowing, an annular face 55 of abutment for an annular face 56 abutment that the cup 48 has facing, downstream.
  • a ball bearing 50 similar to the ball joint bearing 18 of the cup 8 of the previous figures with the arm 19, on a flexible elastic arm 51, for example of the piano string type, fixed by a curved tail 51a to a fixed support 52 similar to the support 11; this arm 51 carries at its free end 51 b an annular stop 53 having upstream, if one refers to a predetermined direction 54 of combustion air blowing, an annular face
  • the fixed support 52 contains the flexible arm 51 by defining around it a conduit 57 supplied with fuel.
  • the elasticity of the arm 51 defines a privileged state in which the end of the arm 51 carrying the cup has an axis 10b coinciding with a fixed axis 10 of the fixed support 52, axis 10 to which the direction of blowing 54 is parallel (position illustrated at Figure 4), and allows the arm to take elastic arrows in relation to this privileged state.
  • the support 52 has at its end located towards the cup 48 upstream of the spherical bearing 50 an adjustment 60 serving to deliver the fuel to the cup 48 and to limit the angular movement of the arm 51 thanks to the play J ′ existing between the two parts .
  • the fuel leaving the adjustment 60 reaches the centrifugation surface 61, placed downstream of the spherical bearing 50, via channels or slots 62 formed in the cup and having any suitable shape; part of the fuel passes through the bearing 50 around the arm 51 and then between the abutment faces 55 and 56 before reaching the centrifugation surface.
  • the ball bearing is a thrust bearing and the cup is mounted as a router on the free end of the arm 19 or 24 by means of the thrust bearing while remaining held on this end by magnetic cooperation between the cup and arm.
  • This magnetic cooperation is obtained by the arrangement of a permanent magnet on the cup (on the arm) to attract without contact the arm (the cup).
  • the cup 63 is constituted by a propeller with fins 64 and a central veil pierced with a central orifice 65 and several orifices 66 offset radially.
  • the cup is placed on an end zone downstream half (with reference to a predetermined direction of combustion air blowing 73) of a flexible elastic arm 67 fixed upstream by a bent tail 67a to a fixed support 68; the diameter of the central orifice 65 is such that it allows mounting with clearance of the cup 63 on the arm 67, so as to form a bearing 65a which allows according to the invention an angular offset between the respective axes 10a and 10b of the cup and of the end zone of the arm carrying the latter and the rotation of the cup 63 around the arm 67 by the action of the blown air 73 on the propeller.
  • the fixed support 68 is tubular and defines around the arm 67 upstream of the area of the latter carrying the cup, an internal duct 74 with a fixed axis 10 parallel to the direction 73 to allow the supply of fuel and the arm between the bent tail 67a and the cup 63, inside the support 68 a sleeve 69 so that it remains in a privileged position towards which the elasticity of the arm 67 tends to bring the latter and in which the latter peripheral clearance J "between the sleeve 69 and the support 68 near their downstream end.
  • the presence of the sleeve makes it possible to limit the vibrations of the cup-holder arm which are moreover damped thanks to the annular film of fuel traveling in the annular space defined by the game J ".
  • the cup 63 cooperates downstream with a thrust bearing 70 for example constituted by a ruby fixed to the downstream end of the arm 67; a washer 71 is interposed between the thrust bearing 70 and the veil of the cup 63 to facilitate the abutment of the cup downstream and to allow the passage of fuel.
  • a thrust bearing 70 for example constituted by a ruby fixed to the downstream end of the arm 67
  • a washer 71 is interposed between the thrust bearing 70 and the veil of the cup 63 to facilitate the abutment of the cup downstream and to allow the passage of fuel.
  • Part of it, leaving the tubular support 68, is indeed centrifuged on the upstream face 63a of the propeller; another part of the fuel passes through the orifices 66 and through passages 72 provided on one and / or the other of the adjacent faces of the parts 71 and 63 to be centrifuged on the downstream face 63b of the propeller.
  • the axis 10b of the downstream end of the arm 67 can tilt relative to the fixed axis 10 within the limit imparted by the clearance J ", while the axis 10a of the cup can take a movement with respect to the axis 10b thanks to the radial clearance existing between the arm and the orifice 65 of the cup.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
EP19820401649 1981-09-11 1982-09-10 Dispositif de pulvérisation pour un liquide Expired EP0074899B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8117227A FR2512694A1 (fr) 1981-09-11 1981-09-11 Dispositif de pulverisation pour un liquide
FR8117227 1981-09-11

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0074899A2 EP0074899A2 (fr) 1983-03-23
EP0074899A3 EP0074899A3 (en) 1984-07-18
EP0074899B1 true EP0074899B1 (fr) 1986-07-30

Family

ID=9262069

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820401649 Expired EP0074899B1 (fr) 1981-09-11 1982-09-10 Dispositif de pulvérisation pour un liquide

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0074899B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
DE (1) DE3272323D1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
FR (1) FR2512694A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2686032A1 (fr) * 1992-01-13 1993-07-16 Cie Int Du Chauffage Dispositif de pulverisation d'un liquide, notamment d'un combustible liquide dans un bruleur.

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108889476A (zh) * 2018-05-28 2018-11-27 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 一种可调速式自旋转喷头

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE353153C (de) * 1916-01-12 1922-05-09 Dudley Wright Brenner fuer fluessige Brennstoffe mit umlaufendem Zerstaeubungskoerper
US1944043A (en) * 1933-06-13 1934-01-16 Titmas Company Inc Oil burner
FR1303625A (fr) * 1961-08-03 1962-09-14 Brûleur pneumatique, centrifuge, étanche

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2686032A1 (fr) * 1992-01-13 1993-07-16 Cie Int Du Chauffage Dispositif de pulverisation d'un liquide, notamment d'un combustible liquide dans un bruleur.
EP0552089A1 (fr) * 1992-01-13 1993-07-21 Compagnie Internationale Du Chauffage Dispositif de pulvérisation d'un liquide, notamment d'un combustible liquide dans un brûleur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2512694A1 (fr) 1983-03-18
FR2512694B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1984-04-20
EP0074899A3 (en) 1984-07-18
DE3272323D1 (en) 1986-09-04
EP0074899A2 (fr) 1983-03-23

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