EP0074384A1 - Heat exchanger. - Google Patents

Heat exchanger.

Info

Publication number
EP0074384A1
EP0074384A1 EP82901030A EP82901030A EP0074384A1 EP 0074384 A1 EP0074384 A1 EP 0074384A1 EP 82901030 A EP82901030 A EP 82901030A EP 82901030 A EP82901030 A EP 82901030A EP 0074384 A1 EP0074384 A1 EP 0074384A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shell
heat exchanger
tube
fins
finned tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82901030A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0074384B1 (en
Inventor
Gert Ake Elof Akerman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Uponor Wirsbo AB
Original Assignee
Wirsbo Bruks AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wirsbo Bruks AB filed Critical Wirsbo Bruks AB
Priority to AT82901030T priority Critical patent/ATE11821T1/en
Publication of EP0074384A1 publication Critical patent/EP0074384A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0074384B1 publication Critical patent/EP0074384B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/022—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of two or more media in heat-exchange relationship being helically coiled, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to a heat exchanger providing heat transfer between two mediums.
  • the heat exchanger comprises a tubular shell and a finned tube provided in the shell, the fins of the tube being substantially perpendicular to the direction of the tube.
  • One medium is flowing in the shell outside the finned tube and the other medium is flowing in the finned tube.
  • the heat exchanger is particularly intended for use in vapour condensers, e. g. in connection with heat pumps and similar devices in which the vapour is routed through the shell outside the finned tube and a cooling medium is routed through the finned tube.
  • the finned tubes are advantageous due to their large heat transfer surfaces. While these prior art heat exchangers can be used for condensing vapour, they have in this use the disadvantage that the condensate has a tendency to remain on the fin surfaces, thus reducing the capacity of the heat exchanger and causing a slow down of the condensation process. Disclosure of Invention The main object of the invention is to provide a heat exchanger utilizing the advantage of the large heat transfer surfaces of the finned tubes but eliminating or at least reducing the tendency of the condensate to remain on the heat transfer surfaces. According to the invention, this object is obtained by a heat exchanger having the features set forth in the claims.
  • the shell is divided into two chambers provided on either side of the finned tube, one medium. can flow between the fins of the finned tube in good contact with the fins, thus providing a good heat transfer between the medium flowing in the shell outside the finned tube and the medium flowing in the finned tube. Due to the fact that the tube fins abut two opposite walls of the shell, a good heat transfer is provided between the finned tube and the shell, so that also the shell will form a heat transfer surface for further improving the heat exchange between the two mediums passing through the heat exchanger.
  • the finned tube By positioning the finned tube diagonally in the shell , so that at the inlet end of the shell the first chamber occupies the larger portion of the space available outside the finned tube and at the outlet end of the shell the other chamber occupies the larger portion of the space available outside the finned tube, a comparatively large inlet and outlet can be provided, although the shell has a small cross section area.
  • comparatively large amounts of the first medium can be fed into the shell, enabling the transfer of large amounts of heat between the two mediums.
  • the heat exchanger is used for condensing vapour, the vapour being fed into the shell and a cold medium, e.g.
  • the vapour flowing between the fins will remove the condensate from the fin surfaces, so that the condensate does not remain on the fins and prevent further condensation.
  • the first: chamber i.e. the inlet chamber
  • the second chamber i.e. the outlet chamber.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a finned tube having a surrounding straight shell.
  • Figure 2 is a cross section through the shell along the line II-II in Figure 1.
  • FIG 3 is an embodiment according to Figures 1 and 2 in which the shell has been wound to a coil.
  • the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1 comprises a tubular outer shell 10 having a substantially oval cross section, as shown in Figure 2.
  • a finned tube 11 is inserted in the shell 10.
  • the fins 12 of the tube consist of annular. discs provided substantially perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the tube.
  • the fins of the tubes of this type are normally made by rolling and turning tubes 'having thick walls, so that the fins form an integral part of the tube. Alternatively, the fins can form a helix surrounding the tube along its length.
  • the fins 12 of the finned tube 11 abut two opposite walls of the shell 10, as shown in Figure 2.
  • This abutment will provide a good heat transfer between the finned tube 11 and the shell 10, so that also the inner surface of the shell will provide a heat transfer surface for heat transfer between the two mediums flowing through the shell and the finned tube.
  • the shell having a larger cross section area than the finned tube, is divided into two chambers 13,14 by the finned tube 11, the chambers running from one end of the shell to the other and. being provided on either side of the finned tube, so that the medium entering the first chamber 13 has to flow between the fins 12 of the tube to enter the second chamber 14.
  • the shell 10 is a straight tube into which a straight finned tube 11 has been inserted diagonally, so that at the inlet end of the shell the first chamber 13 occupies the larger portion of the space available outside the finned tube and at the outlet end the second chamber 14 occupies the larger portion of the space available outside the finned tube.
  • This will facilitate the attachment of an inlet pipe 15 and an ou ⁇ let pipe 16, respectively.
  • the pipes 15,16 can be comparatively thick, although the shell has a small cross section.
  • the finned tube 11 is also provided with an inlet pipe 17 and an outlet pipe 18 for the medium flowing through the finned tube, the inlet and outlet pipes, however, being reversed as compared with the corresponding pipes of the shell, so that the two mediums will flow in opposite directions through rhe heat exchanger.
  • the flow directions of the mediums have been indicated by arrows in Figure 1.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention can be used for condensing vapour. If so, the shell of the heat exchanger is preferably designed as an upright coil having a steep pitch.
  • An embodiment of this type has been shown in Figure 3, where the same reference numerals as in Figure 1 have been used for the corresponding elements.
  • the finned tube 11 has been positioned diagonally in the shell 10 also in this embodiment, so that the connection pipe 17 of the finned tube at the outlet end of the shell is situated in the upper portion of the shell and the connection pipe 18 at the inlet end of the shell is situated in the lower portion of the shell.
  • the first chamber 13 of the shell is positioned above the second chamber 14.
  • the shell has an oval or elongate cross section.
  • the shell can also have a circular cross section, but in that case sealing elements have to be provided between the finned tube and the walls of the shell, so that two separate chambers are formed in the shell, ⁇ he chambers being connected to each other only through the spaces between the fins of the tube.
  • sealing elements may be used also when the shell has an oval or elongate cross section.
  • the finned tube must not necessarily run diagonally through the shell but can alternatively run along the central axis of the shell.
  • the shell must be sealed at its ends by special walls.
  • the closure of the shell at the ends may be provided by deformation of the shell to contact with the inlet and outlet pipes, the complete sealing then being provided by e.g. soldering.
  • the elongate cross section of the shell preferably can have its longer axis in parallel with the axis of the coil, as this will make it easier to wind the coil with a small diameter.
  • the lower wall of the shell has a shape that at least slightly differs from the shape of the fins, so that the condensate can flow in the shell along the full length of the shall.
  • the heat exchanger can also advantageously be used for evaporation, if a hot medium is forced through the finned tube.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Echangeur de chaleur pour effectuer le transfert de chaleur entre deux milieux comprend un corps tubulaire (10) et un tube pourvu d'ailettes (11) amenage dans le corps. Un milieu s'ecoule dans le corps, et l'autre milieu s'ecoule dans le tube pourvu d'ailettes. Le corps est divise en deux chambres (13, 14) amenagees de chaque cote du tube pourvu d'ailettes, de sorte que le milieu s'ecoulant au travers du corps entre dans la premiere chambre (13) qui est placee au-dessus de la seconde chambre (14) puis s'ecoule vers le bas entre les ailettes (12) dans la seconde chambre (14). Le corps possede une section allongee, les ailettes du tube venant s'appuyer contre deux parois opposees du corps. La position du tube dans le corps peut changer sur la longueur du corps. L'echangeur de chaleur est destine a la condensation de vapeur, p.ex. en association avec des pompes a chaleur. La vapeur est ensuite introduite dans le corps, et un milieu de refroidissement est introduit dans le tube. La vapeur en s'ecoulant favorise la decharge du condensat depuis les ailettes. Dans un mode de realisation, le corps est enroule en un serpentin vertical dans lequel le condensat est recupere a l'extremite inferieure du serpentin.Heat exchanger for carrying out the heat transfer between two media comprises a tubular body (10) and a tube provided with fins (11) fed into the body. One medium flows in the body, and the other medium flows in the tube provided with fins. The body is divided into two chambers (13, 14) arranged on each side of the tube provided with fins, so that the medium flowing through the body enters the first chamber (13) which is placed above the second chamber (14) then flows down between the fins (12) in the second chamber (14). The body has an elongated section, the fins of the tube coming to rest against two opposite walls of the body. The position of the tube in the body can change along the length of the body. The heat exchanger is intended for the condensation of steam, eg in association with heat pumps. Steam is then introduced into the body, and a cooling medium is introduced into the tube. The steam flowing promotes discharge of the condensate from the fins. In one embodiment, the body is wound into a vertical coil in which the condensate is collected at the bottom end of the coil.

Description

Heat exchanger.
Technical Field
The present invention is related to a heat exchanger providing heat transfer between two mediums. The heat exchanger comprises a tubular shell and a finned tube provided in the shell, the fins of the tube being substantially perpendicular to the direction of the tube. One medium is flowing in the shell outside the finned tube and the other medium is flowing in the finned tube. The heat exchanger is particularly intended for use in vapour condensers, e. g. in connection with heat pumps and similar devices in which the vapour is routed through the shell outside the finned tube and a cooling medium is routed through the finned tube. Background Art
It has been proposed to use finned tubes in heat exchangers for providing heat transfer between two flowing mediums. An example of such a prior art device is described in FR 2 083 547. The finned tubes are advantageous due to their large heat transfer surfaces. While these prior art heat exchangers can be used for condensing vapour, they have in this use the disadvantage that the condensate has a tendency to remain on the fin surfaces, thus reducing the capacity of the heat exchanger and causing a slow down of the condensation process. Disclosure of Invention The main object of the invention is to provide a heat exchanger utilizing the advantage of the large heat transfer surfaces of the finned tubes but eliminating or at least reducing the tendency of the condensate to remain on the heat transfer surfaces. According to the invention, this object is obtained by a heat exchanger having the features set forth in the claims.
Due to the fact that the shell is divided into two chambers provided on either side of the finned tube, one medium. can flow between the fins of the finned tube in good contact with the fins, thus providing a good heat transfer between the medium flowing in the shell outside the finned tube and the medium flowing in the finned tube. Due to the fact that the tube fins abut two opposite walls of the shell, a good heat transfer is provided between the finned tube and the shell, so that also the shell will form a heat transfer surface for further improving the heat exchange between the two mediums passing through the heat exchanger. By positioning the finned tube diagonally in the shell , so that at the inlet end of the shell the first chamber occupies the larger portion of the space available outside the finned tube and at the outlet end of the shell the other chamber occupies the larger portion of the space available outside the finned tube, a comparatively large inlet and outlet can be provided, although the shell has a small cross section area. Thus, comparatively large amounts of the first medium can be fed into the shell, enabling the transfer of large amounts of heat between the two mediums. When the heat exchanger is used for condensing vapour, the vapour being fed into the shell and a cold medium, e.g. a cold liquid, being fed into the finned tube, the vapour flowing between the fins will remove the condensate from the fin surfaces, so that the condensate does not remain on the fins and prevent further condensation. This effect is particularly evident, when the first: chamber, i.e. the inlet chamber, in the shell is positioned above the second chamber, i.e. the outlet chamber. By designing the shell as an upright coil having a steep pitch, the condensate can be collected in the lower portion of the coil, where it will surround the finned tube, thus supercooling the condensate.
Two embodiments of the heat exchanger according to the invention will now be described more in detail below with reference tc the accompanying drawings. Brief Description of Drawings Figure 1 is a side view of a finned tube having a surrounding straight shell.
Figure 2 is a cross section through the shell along the line II-II in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is an embodiment according to Figures 1 and 2 in which the shell has been wound to a coil. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention The embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1 comprises a tubular outer shell 10 having a substantially oval cross section, as shown in Figure 2. A finned tube 11 is inserted in the shell 10. The fins 12 of the tube consist of annular. discs provided substantially perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the tube. The fins of the tubes of this type are normally made by rolling and turning tubes 'having thick walls, so that the fins form an integral part of the tube. Alternatively, the fins can form a helix surrounding the tube along its length. The fins 12 of the finned tube 11 abut two opposite walls of the shell 10, as shown in Figure 2. This abutment will provide a good heat transfer between the finned tube 11 and the shell 10, so that also the inner surface of the shell will provide a heat transfer surface for heat transfer between the two mediums flowing through the shell and the finned tube. The shell, having a larger cross section area than the finned tube, is divided into two chambers 13,14 by the finned tube 11, the chambers running from one end of the shell to the other and. being provided on either side of the finned tube, so that the medium entering the first chamber 13 has to flow between the fins 12 of the tube to enter the second chamber 14. In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, the shell 10 is a straight tube into which a straight finned tube 11 has been inserted diagonally, so that at the inlet end of the shell the first chamber 13 occupies the larger portion of the space available outside the finned tube and at the outlet end the second chamber 14 occupies the larger portion of the space available outside the finned tube. This will facilitate the attachment of an inlet pipe 15 and an ouτlet pipe 16, respectively. The pipes 15,16 can be comparatively thick, although the shell has a small cross section. The finned tube 11 is also provided with an inlet pipe 17 and an outlet pipe 18 for the medium flowing through the finned tube, the inlet and outlet pipes, however, being reversed as compared with the corresponding pipes of the shell, so that the two mediums will flow in opposite directions through rhe heat exchanger. The flow directions of the mediums have been indicated by arrows in Figure 1.
The heat exchanger according to the invention can be used for condensing vapour. If so, the shell of the heat exchanger is preferably designed as an upright coil having a steep pitch. An embodiment of this type has been shown in Figure 3, where the same reference numerals as in Figure 1 have been used for the corresponding elements. The finned tube 11 has been positioned diagonally in the shell 10 also in this embodiment, so that the connection pipe 17 of the finned tube at the outlet end of the shell is situated in the upper portion of the shell and the connection pipe 18 at the inlet end of the shell is situated in the lower portion of the shell. Thus, the first chamber 13 of the shell is positioned above the second chamber 14. This is particularly convenient for the condensation process, because the vapour flowing Through the shell efficiently contributes to the removal of the condensate from the fin surfaces, as the vapour will be flowing substantially in the same directions as the condensate, viz. downwards. Because the shell 10 has been wound tc an upright ceil having a steep pitch, the condensate can be collected at the lower portion of the coil. Under these circumstances, a comparatively small volume of condensate will be sufficient for surrounding the finned tube. This will cause a supercooling of the condensate, i.e. the temperature of the condensate will be lowered below the condensating temperature, because further cooling is provided by the medium in τhe finned tube. An outlet 19 has been provided at the lower portion of the coil for draining the condensate.
While only two embodiments of the heat exchanger according to the invenτion have been shown and described, it is evident that many different embodiments and modifications are possible within the scope of the invention. E.g., it is not necessary that the shell has an oval or elongate cross section. The shell can also have a circular cross section, but in that case sealing elements have to be provided between the finned tube and the walls of the shell, so that two separate chambers are formed in the shell, τhe chambers being connected to each other only through the spaces between the fins of the tube. Such sealing elements may be used also when the shell has an oval or elongate cross section. The finned tube must not necessarily run diagonally through the shell but can alternatively run along the central axis of the shell. However, in that case the shell must be sealed at its ends by special walls. In the embodiment shown on the drawings, the closure of the shell at the ends may be provided by deformation of the shell to contact with the inlet and outlet pipes, the complete sealing then being provided by e.g. soldering. When the shell is wound to a coil, the elongate cross section of the shell preferably can have its longer axis in parallel with the axis of the coil, as this will make it easier to wind the coil with a small diameter. However, it is important that the lower wall of the shell has a shape that at least slightly differs from the shape of the fins, so that the condensate can flow in the shell along the full length of the shall. The heat exchanger can also advantageously be used for evaporation, if a hot medium is forced through the finned tube.

Claims

Claims .
1. Heat exchanger providing heat transfer between two mediums for vapour condensation, comprising a tubular shell (10) and a finned tube (11) provided in the shell, the fins (12) of the tube being substantially perpendicular to the direction of the tube, wherein the internal cross section area of the shell is larger than the area enclosed by the outer periphery of the fins (12), the first medium, which is a vapour, passing through the shell outside the finned tube and the second medium, which is a cooling medium, passing through the finned tube, characterized in that the shell (10) is divided into two chambers (13,14) which are provided on either side of the finned tube (11), the first chamber (13) being provided above the second chamber (14), so that the vapour passing through the shell (10) outside the finned tube (11) enters the first chamber (13) and passes downwards between the fins (12) of the tube (11) to the second chamber (14).
2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell (10) has an elongate cross section area and that the fins (12) of the tube (11) abut two opposite walls of the shell.
3. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shell (10) has an inlet (15) at one end and an outlet (16) at the other end for the first medium, the finned tube (11) being provided ax the inlet end of the shell (10) in the lower portion of the shell and at the outlet end of the shell in the upper porxion of the shell, so that at the inlet end of the shell the first chamber (13) occupies the larger porxion of the space available outside the finned tube and at the outlet end of the shell the second chamber (14) occupies the larger portion of the space available outside the finned tube.
4. Heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that the shell (10) is wound xo an upright coil having a steep pitch.
5. Heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that the major axis of the cross section area of the shell (10) is parallel with the axis of the cylindrical coil.
6. Heat exchanger according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the inlet (15) for the first medium is provided in the upper portion of the coil and that an inlet (17) for feeding a cold liquid into the finned tube (11) is provided in the lower portion of the coil, in which means (19) are provided for draining the condensate.
7. Heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that the lower wall of the shell (10) has a shape which at least to some extent diverges from the shape of the fins (12), so that the condensate can flow in the shell along its full length.
8. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that each chamber (13,14) extends from one end of the shell (10) to the other end of the shell.
EP19820901030 1981-03-20 1982-03-19 Heat exchanger Expired EP0074384B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82901030T ATE11821T1 (en) 1981-03-20 1982-03-19 HEAT EXCHANGER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8101808A SE445138B (en) 1981-03-20 1981-03-20 MIXTURES BETWEEN TWO MEDIA FOR THE CONDENSATION OF ANGES
SE8101808 1981-03-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0074384A1 true EP0074384A1 (en) 1983-03-23
EP0074384B1 EP0074384B1 (en) 1985-02-13

Family

ID=20343392

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820901030 Expired EP0074384B1 (en) 1981-03-20 1982-03-19 Heat exchanger

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0074384B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS58500378A (en)
DE (1) DE3262274D1 (en)
DK (1) DK151357C (en)
FI (1) FI74806C (en)
SE (1) SE445138B (en)
WO (1) WO1982003270A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3300929A1 (en) * 1983-01-13 1984-07-19 Ulf Dipl.-Ing. Dr. 3404 Adelebsen Bossel Heat exchanger for a condensing or evaporating medium and a medium without phase transition
US4562697A (en) * 1984-12-10 1986-01-07 Merlin Marine Engine Corp. Intercooler for turbocharged internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1927079A (en) * 1932-03-25 1933-09-19 Nat Radiator Corp Heat convector
US1953324A (en) * 1933-04-17 1934-04-03 Nat Radiator Corp Convector
US3443633A (en) * 1967-03-30 1969-05-13 Gen Electric Temperature compensated air-cooled steam condenser
DE2013940A1 (en) * 1970-03-24 1971-10-07 Schmoele Metall R & G Heat exchanger for liquid and gaseous media
SE374429B (en) * 1972-09-13 1975-03-03 Saab Scania Ab
CH635517A5 (en) * 1979-01-12 1983-04-15 Heatrans Ag REFRIGERATION DRYER FOR COMPRESSED AIR.
EP0044349A1 (en) * 1980-07-18 1982-01-27 Riedel Kälte- und Klimatechnik GmbH & Co, KG Condensor, particularly for refrigeration plants and/or heat pumps

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8203270A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI823977A0 (en) 1982-11-19
FI823977L (en) 1982-11-19
WO1982003270A1 (en) 1982-09-30
DK151357C (en) 1988-07-04
FI74806B (en) 1987-11-30
FI74806C (en) 1988-03-10
DE3262274D1 (en) 1985-03-28
SE445138B (en) 1986-06-02
DK151357B (en) 1987-11-23
DK516682A (en) 1982-11-19
SE8101808L (en) 1982-09-21
EP0074384B1 (en) 1985-02-13
JPS58500378A (en) 1983-03-10

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