Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
  • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
  • B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
  • B24D3/342—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties incorporated in the bonding agent
  • B24D3/344—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties incorporated in the bonding agent the bonding agent being organic
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
  • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
  • B24D3/001—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as supporting member
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
  • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
  • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
  • B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
  • B24D3/28—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds

Definitions

• the present invention relates to coated abrasives which consist of flexible backings to which are adhered a plurality of abrasive grit particles on at least one side.
• Coated abrasives are used primarily for the shaping, dimensioning, or surface finish alteration of other material objects known generally as workpieces. Small particles of material removed from the workpieces and/or shed from the coated abrasives during working are collectively called "swarf". In many cases, the swarf tends to wholly or partially adhere to the surface of the coated abrasive, eventually loading or clogging its abrasive surfaces and rendering it unsuited for further use.
• This invention relates particularly to coated abrasives which are specially resistant to such failure by loading.
• U.S. Patent 3,043,673 teaches the use of oxy- containing compounds either in a third coat or in the conventional sizing coat of a coated abrasive, together with an exceptionally high ratio of binder adhesive to grain, as an effective means for increasing the resistance of coated abrasives to loading in the finishing of leather and similar materials.
• the oxy compounds specified in this patent are all neutral organic compounds not expected to ionize in water solution.
• U.S. Patent 3,089,763 teaches the use of polyoxyalkylene compounds in the size of coated abrasives, and one of the objects stated is to reduce loading.
• the teaching of this U.S. Patent is restricted to sizing compositions in which the principal constituent is an amine catalyzed phenolic resin.
• loading resistance can be imparted to otherwise conventional coated abrasives with size coats containing glue or amino resins by the incorporation into the size of small amounts of specific chemical compounds and mixtures as hereinafter described.
• These additives are total or partial alkyl esters of phosphoric acid, amine salts of partial esters of phosphoric acid, and quarternary ammonium salts with at least one long alkyl or substituted long alkyl group. Typical examples would be the triethanolamine salt of mono- or di- decylphosphate or stearamidopropyl-S-hydroxyethylammonium nitrate.
• Grits can be synthetic fused alumina, silicon carbide, garnet, zirconia alumina, emery, flint, or other materials, and maker adhesives can be film- forming starches, animal hide glue, amino resins, etc.
• the additives investigated which had detectable effect in reducing loading when used in the size coat are listed in Table. 1. These additives were most effective when used with amino resins such as urea-formaldehyde or melamine-formaldehydeo Such amino resins could be mixed in up to equal parts by weight with phenol-formaldehyde resins, one amino resin could be mixed with others, and any of the resins or mixtures could be filled with finely divided solids such as calcium sulfate, walnut shell flour, or any of the other well-known fillers used in the manufacture of coated abrasives. Suitable types of naturally derived glue can also be used as the size, although the product performance with glue sizes will normally not be as effective as with resin size, as is true in the absence of the additives disclosed hereo
• Still other conventionally known materials such as pigments or dyes, diluents for reducing viscosity, antifoam agents, etc. may be used together with the additives of this invention when needed or desired. No adverse interactions between such materials and the additives of this invention have been noted.
• a particularly important class of conventional components in amino resin adhesive formulations are the oxyamines useful for craze resistance as taught by Duke in U.S. Patent 2,983,593, the entire specification of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference. Use of adhesive compositions as taught by Duke, in combination with the additives of my invention, is preferred.
• Zelec NE which is neutral as supplied, could be added directly to a conventional formulation such as Example III of the Duke patent, after all the other ingredients listed there are mixed together.
• Zelec NK which is acidic, should first be neutralized, conveniently with 2-amino-2-methylpropanol, in a separate container, and the neutralized mixture then added to such a conventional formulation after all other ingredients had been added. All preceding and subsequent stages of manufacture of the coated abrasive may be carried out in a conventional manner.
• the minimum amount of additive to give a useful loading resistance effect was found to be that corresponding to a mass of 0.74 grams per square meter.
• An amount more than 10% by weight of the total sizing adhesive used is generally not desirable, because of probable decrease in the heat-distortion resistance of the sizing adhesive, with resultant danger of reduction of grinding effectiveness.
• the workable range is from 0.74 to 13.3 grams per square meter of additive, and the preferred range is from 1.2 to 3.5 grams per square meter. This can be conveniently achieved in most cases by using the additive at a level of 3-5% by weight of the resin or glue used.
• Size height levels for products coated with sizes containing the additives taught herein should generally conform to those for conventional products which are not to receive an additional third coatingo In any case, suitable levels can easily be determined if necessary by those skilled in the art of manufacturing coated abrasives.
• Table 2 illustrates examples of specific products prepared according to the methods of this invention
• organyl is used to include any chemical group which could be formed by the breaking of one valence bond in an organic compound.
• organyl includes the groups normally designated as alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl such as phenyl, and combinations of and substitutions on the other simple groups, as well as a wide variety of others.
• long organyl refers to an organyl group which comprises at least eight carbon atoms bonded linearly to each other. The linear bonding may include double or triple as well as single carbon-carbon bonds.
• layer in the description of a body of adhesive material is to be considered to include any substantially continuous body of material of substantially uniform composition, with a projected area covering substantially all of the area of an abrasive backing. Because of the presence of abrasive grit particles in a coated abrasive, the layers of adhesive used in the construction thereof are expected to have very irregular outer surfaces rather than the smooth parallel surfaces normally suggested by the word layer in ordinary usageo As an example, the maker and sizer adhesive coats noted above in the brief description of the normal manufacturing process for a coated abrasive would constitute layers in the finished product, as would any separate coat of metallic soap intended to confer loading resistance.
• composition of an adhesive layer is intended to include any natural surface enrichment of a surface active material incorporated into the adhesive layer when it is applied in liquid form. Also, substantial continuity of an adhesive is not violated by the presence of normal flex cracks in a coated abrasive.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

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ID=23119334

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (12)

Cited By (11)

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Citations (8)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1982
  • 1982-05-21 CA CA000403506A patent/CA1192050A/en not_active Expired
  • 1982-06-18 DE DE198282105371T patent/DE71723T1/de active Pending
  • 1982-06-18 AT AT82105371T patent/ATE28813T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-06-18 EP EP82105371A patent/EP0071723B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-06-18 ZA ZA824334A patent/ZA824334B/xx unknown
  • 1982-06-18 DE DE8282105371T patent/DE3276931D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-06-21 AU AU85056/82A patent/AU557187B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1982-06-28 JP JP57110075A patent/JPS5851078A/ja active Granted
  • 1982-07-07 MX MX193484A patent/MX160757A/es unknown
  • 1982-07-15 YU YU01544/82A patent/YU154482A/xx unknown
  • 1982-07-15 ES ES513995A patent/ES8402609A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1982-07-16 DD DD82241726A patent/DD202255A5/de unknown
  • 1982-07-16 BR BR8204145A patent/BR8204145A/pt unknown

Patent Citations (8)

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