EP0065159B1 - Motion detector for space supervision - Google Patents

Motion detector for space supervision Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0065159B1
EP0065159B1 EP82103717A EP82103717A EP0065159B1 EP 0065159 B1 EP0065159 B1 EP 0065159B1 EP 82103717 A EP82103717 A EP 82103717A EP 82103717 A EP82103717 A EP 82103717A EP 0065159 B1 EP0065159 B1 EP 0065159B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiation
motion detector
radiation receiver
optical axis
angle
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Expired
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EP82103717A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0065159A3 (en
EP0065159A2 (en
Inventor
Hermann Dipl.-Ing. Zierhut
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Richard Hirschmann Radiotechnisches Werk
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Richard Hirschmann Radiotechnisches Werk
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Priority to AT82103717T priority Critical patent/ATE19442T1/en
Publication of EP0065159A2 publication Critical patent/EP0065159A2/en
Publication of EP0065159A3 publication Critical patent/EP0065159A3/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/19—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/193—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems using focusing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S250/00—Radiant energy
    • Y10S250/01—Passive intrusion detectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a motion detector which responds to electromagnetic radiation, in particular in the infrared range, with a single optic designed as a preferably spherical concave mirror for focusing the radiation onto a radiation receiver, wherein a separate part with reflecting inner surfaces arranged between the optics and the radiation receiver forms a plurality of separate visual fields from which the Radiation reaches the radiation receiver.
  • Such motion detectors are mainly used as intrusion detectors in which, by means of a suitable circuit, the change in the radiation picked up from the room or area to be monitored is either directly caused by the thermal radiation of the unauthorized person entering the infrared range or by a separate radiation reflected by it Radiation source is evaluated as an alarm.
  • the division of the surveillance area into several separate fields of view (beam) increases security because even with slight movements of the intruder in all directions, there is a high probability of an alarm-indicating change in the radiation intensity.
  • a motion detector of this type is already known from DE-AS 2 653 110 (and the DE-OS 2 836 462, which largely corresponds to it).
  • DE-AS 2 537 380 the DE-OS 2 103 909, DE-OS 2 645 040, DE-OS 2 904 654 and US-PS 3 923 382 known motion detectors in which the separated fields of view only by complex and expensive multiple optics, deflecting mirrors or receivers are achieved, this «infrared radiation intrusion detector» only requires a single radiation receiver and only one optic.
  • the angles between the visual fields that arise become smaller and smaller, which is disadvantageous with regard to covering the space to be monitored as completely as possible.
  • the points of the monitored space that are sharply imaged on the radiation receiver lie in a two-dimensional plane, so that sharp imaging only occurs for zones near the axis and the sensitivity decreases toward larger solid angles; If large sectors are illuminated, it is possible that no alarm is given in the event of an alarm.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a motion detector of the type mentioned, in which the beams of the individual fields of view have a constant distance from each other in a simple and inexpensive way, are sharply imaged even at large angles of incidence and at the smallest possible angles to the optical axis hit the concave mirror.
  • the concave mirror is arranged at the inner end of the connecting part and the radiation receiver is arranged in front of its outer end forming the entrance opening, that the connecting part is optically active along its entire length with respect to the radiation receiver and has at least one flat inner surface which is inclined at an angle a (system angle) different from 0 ° to the optical axis, the system angle a being chosen such that the reflected radiation strikes the concave mirror at the smallest possible angles to the optical axis.
  • the motion detector according to the invention is also particularly well suited for the use of multiple sensors in the radiation receiver.
  • this construction greatly reduce the monitorable solid angle and the usable width of the radiation lobes, so that overall radiation can only reach the radiation receiver from a few narrow areas, with the reflection occurring the inner walls are essentially only in the area of the section of the connecting part lying between the radiation receiver and the opening and the section between the optics and the radiation receiver is not optically active.
  • reflective sections of the connecting part are therefore additionally inclined at different angles to the optical axis, while the motion detector according to the invention with an inner surface inclined only at a single angle offers a monitoring range of almost 180 °.
  • the angle ⁇ which the connecting line of the apex of the concave mirror with the virtual points of the radiation receiver with the optical axis with respect to the inner surface includes is practically equal to the system angle a.
  • An embodiment of the motion detector according to the invention according to claim 5 enables mounting transversely to the optical axis, thereby creating an inconspicuous monitoring device which protrudes only slightly from the mounting wall.
  • the dimensions are to be kept so small that even installation in commercially available flush-mounted boxes is possible in an advantageous manner and the motion detector is thus completely invisible to the intruder.
  • a structure of the monitored zone arises from a structure according to claim 6 in the plane perpendicular to the above-mentioned, by means of appropriate wall mounting, vertical visual fields into several, by appropriate choice of the dimensions of the connecting part, and the position and inclination of the deflecting mirror z.
  • the radiation receiver can be integrated in the deflecting mirror.
  • the radiation receiver according to claim 8 it is more expedient to arrange the radiation receiver according to claim 8 in the radiation direction behind the deflecting mirror, because it protects it from electromagnetic interference radiation of all kinds (e.g. VHF and CB radio, atmospheric discharges, etc.) and minimizes false alarms in this way are.
  • electromagnetic interference radiation e.g. VHF and CB radio, atmospheric discharges, etc.
  • such a structure is cheaper than the integration of the radiation receiver in the deflecting mirror.
  • the room to be monitored or the arrangement of the motion detector are suitable, it may be desirable to monitor an area of more than 90 ° to the optical axis. This is easily possible with the motion detector according to the invention if the connecting part has corresponding cutouts.
  • a structure of the invention according to the invention which is particularly small even without the deflecting mirror according to claim 5 and is even suitable for installation in commercially available 55 mm flush-mounted boxes gungsmelders is made possible by the embodiment described in claim 10. If, in this case, or also in the case of other appropriately designed motion detectors, the radiation receiver is mounted directly on the circuit board with its part opposite the sensor surface for reasons of simple and inexpensive installation, a small deflecting mirror (corresponding to the small cross section of the beam bundles at this point) brings about 11 in a very simple manner, which practically does not disturb the other beam paths, a complete deflection of the focused beams onto the sensor or sensors of the radiation receiver.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view of the opened device and FIG. 2 is an axial section perpendicular to it.
  • FIG. 2 is an axial section perpendicular to it.
  • the circuit components downstream of the radiation receiver which are insignificant for the invention are omitted in both figures.
  • the complete course of only one beam is shown and only a part of the central beam of the rest.
  • the infrared radiation motion detector 1 consists of a connecting part arranged on a circuit board 2 which also serves as a support, formed from four mutually perpendicular walls 3, 4, 5, 6 with flat reflecting inner surfaces, a spherical concave mirror 7 which closes the inner end of the connecting part, and a planar deflecting mirror 9 mounted on a carrier 8 in front of the inlet opening of the connecting part and a radiation receiver 10 (pyroelectric element) lying behind it in plan view.
  • the two walls 3, 4 run parallel to one another, one wall 3 being attached directly to the circuit board 2 and the other 4 as a detachable cover by means of screws 11 on spacer blocks 12, the interior of which also serves as a support for the concave mirror 7.
  • the two other walls 5, 6 run symmetrically to the optical axis A lying in the plane of the inner surface of the cover and are inclined towards it in the direction of the square entrance opening of the connecting part at a system angle of 8.5 °.
  • the angle between the connecting lines of the vertex S with the virtual points of the radiation receiver 10 with respect to the conical inner surfaces and the optical axis A corresponds approximately to the system angle a.
  • the steep 10 ° beam bundle fan does not enter via the deflecting mirror 9, but rather directly into the connecting part and is to effectively avoid bypassing or switching off the monitoring by movements below the 60 ° or. 80 ° fields of view provided.
  • the described infrared radiation motion detector 1 is mounted on the wall with the circuit board 2 in such a way that the optical axis A runs vertically, so that the monitoring area is divided horizontally into six and vertically into three fields of view.
  • the eighteen beams thus achieved illuminate the zone to be monitored sufficiently, particularly when the motion detector 1 is installed in a corner of the room, a favorable compromise between susceptibility to interference on the one hand and as many alarm-indicating beams as possible bundle is achieved on the other hand.
  • the device is very flat due to the construction mentioned and can therefore be executed inconspicuously.
  • the radiation receiver 10 is arranged behind the deflecting mirror 9 in such a way that the infrared radiation from the eighteen fields of view is hardly received, however.
  • All reflecting parts 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 9 of the present infrared radiation motion detector 1 are designed as plastic parts with aluminum-coated optically active surfaces. They are cheap to manufacture and still have a relatively low damping. However, if even higher demands are made on the reflection properties, a number of known materials are available, such as. B. mirror-finished rolled aluminum for the flat surfaces, as well as pressed and polished aluminum sheet or extruded pure aluminum sheet for the concave mirror.
  • the device described is characterized both by a simple and inexpensive construction, and by an optimum in terms of image sharpness in the entire surveillance area, energy flow and number of beams, dimensions, and signal-to-noise ratio, and thus meets the highest requirements in terms of economy and a permanently safe, largely insensitive to interference Function.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Memory System Of A Hierarchy Structure (AREA)
  • Indicating Or Recording The Presence, Absence, Or Direction Of Movement (AREA)

Abstract

A motion detector responsive for infrared radiation, e.g. to use in burglar-alarm installations, comprises an elongate frustopyramidal box with an entrance opening at one end, a concave mirror at the opposite end and four flat, internally reflecting longitudinal walls, two of them converging toward the entrance end on opposite sides of a plane of symmetry with which they include an angle between about 8 DEG and 15 DEG . A pyroelectric radiation sensor near the entrance end, lying in the vicinity of the focal point of the concave mirror, is disposed for illumination by beams of parallel rays in a limited number of fields of view; these beams approach the entrance end at different azimuthal angles, included with the preferably vertical plane of symmetry, but occupy closely adjoining regions inside the box. A planar deflector at the entrance end, bisected by the plane of symmetry, also establishes a limited number of elevational angles for the beams focused upon the radiation sensor.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen auf elektromagnetische Strahlung insbesondere im Infrarotbereich ansprechenden Bewegungsmelder mit einer einzigen als vorzugsweise sphärischer Hohlspiegel ausgebildeten Optik zur Bündelung der Strahlung auf einen Strahlungsempfänger, wobei durch ein zwischen Optik und Strahlungsempfänger angeordnetes Verbindungsteil mit reflektierenden Innenflächen mehrere getrennte Gesichtsfelder gebildet sind, aus denen die Strahlung zum Strahlungsempfänger gelangt. Solche Bewegungsmelder werden hauptsächlich als Einbruchmelder verwendet, bei denen mittels einer geeigneten Schaltung die Änderung der aus dem zu überwachenden Raum bzw. Bereich aufgenommenen Strahlung entweder direkt durch die im Infrarot- Bereich liegende Wärmestrahlung der unerlaubt eindringenden Person oder durch die von ihr reflektierte Strahlung einer gesonderten Strahlungsquelle als Alarm ausgewertet wird. Dabei bewirkt die Aufteilung des Überwachungsbereiches in mehrere getrennte Gesichtsfelder (Strahlenbündel) eine Erhöhung der Sicherheit, weil dadurch auch schon bei geringfügigen Bewegungen des Eindringlings in allen Richtungen mit grosser Wahrscheinlichkeit eine alarmindizierende Änderung der Strahlungsintensität auftritt.The invention relates to a motion detector which responds to electromagnetic radiation, in particular in the infrared range, with a single optic designed as a preferably spherical concave mirror for focusing the radiation onto a radiation receiver, wherein a separate part with reflecting inner surfaces arranged between the optics and the radiation receiver forms a plurality of separate visual fields from which the Radiation reaches the radiation receiver. Such motion detectors are mainly used as intrusion detectors in which, by means of a suitable circuit, the change in the radiation picked up from the room or area to be monitored is either directly caused by the thermal radiation of the unauthorized person entering the infrared range or by a separate radiation reflected by it Radiation source is evaluated as an alarm. The division of the surveillance area into several separate fields of view (beam) increases security because even with slight movements of the intruder in all directions, there is a high probability of an alarm-indicating change in the radiation intensity.

Ein Bewegungsmelder dieser Art ist bereits aus der DE-AS 2 653 110 (sowie der damit weitgehend übereinstimmenden DE-OS 2 836 462) bekannt geworden. Im Gegensatz zu den vielen, z. B. aus den DE-AS 2 537 380, DE-OS 2 103 909, DE-OS 2 645 040, DE-OS 2 904 654 und US-PS 3 923 382 bekannten Bewegungsmeldern, bei denen die getrennten Gesichtsfelder nur durch aufwendige und teuere Vielfachoptiken, -Umlenkspiegel bzw. -Empfänger erreicht werden, sind dazu bei diesem «Infrarotstrahlungs-Einbruchdetektor» lediglich ein einziger Strahlungsempfänger und nur eine Optik nötig. Er weist jedoch eine Reihe von Nachteilen auf, die einem sinnvollen praktischen Einsatz entgegenstehen: Durch die achsparallelen Prismenflächen treffen die Strahlenbündel unter relativ grossen Winkeln zur optischen Achse auf den Hohlspiegel, wodurch bei nicht korrigierten sphärischen Spiegeln wegen der sphärischen Aberration keine ausreichend scharfe Abbildung erreichbar ist.A motion detector of this type is already known from DE-AS 2 653 110 (and the DE-OS 2 836 462, which largely corresponds to it). In contrast to the many, e.g. B. from DE-AS 2 537 380, DE-OS 2 103 909, DE-OS 2 645 040, DE-OS 2 904 654 and US-PS 3 923 382 known motion detectors in which the separated fields of view only by complex and expensive multiple optics, deflecting mirrors or receivers are achieved, this «infrared radiation intrusion detector» only requires a single radiation receiver and only one optic. However, it has a number of disadvantages that prevent practical use: Due to the axially parallel prism surfaces, the beams hit the concave mirror at relatively large angles to the optical axis, which means that due to the spherical aberration, a sufficiently sharp image cannot be obtained in the case of uncorrected spherical mirrors .

Weiterhin werden mit zunehmendem Einfallswinkel der Strahlenbündel zur optischen Achse die Winkel zwischen den entstehenden Gesichtsfeldern immer geringer, was im Hinblick auf eine möglichst vollständige Abdeckung des zu überwachenden Raumes nachteilig ist. Schliesslich liegen wegen der achsparallelen Innenwände die am Strahlungsempfänger scharf abgebildeten Punkte des überwachten Raumes in einer zweidimensionalen Ebene, so dass nur für achsnahe Zonen eine scharfe Abbildung erfolgt und die Empfindlichkeit zu grösseren Raumwinkeln hin abnimmt; bei Ausleuchten grosser Sektoren ist es dadurch möglich, dass im Alarmfall kein Alarm abgegeben wird.Furthermore, as the angle of incidence of the beam bundles with respect to the optical axis increases, the angles between the visual fields that arise become smaller and smaller, which is disadvantageous with regard to covering the space to be monitored as completely as possible. Finally, because of the inner walls parallel to the axis, the points of the monitored space that are sharply imaged on the radiation receiver lie in a two-dimensional plane, so that sharp imaging only occurs for zones near the axis and the sensitivity decreases toward larger solid angles; If large sectors are illuminated, it is possible that no alarm is given in the event of an alarm.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, auf möglichst einfache und kostengünstige Weise einen Bewegungsmelder der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, bei dem die Strahlenbündel der einzelnen Gesichtsfelder einen konstanten Abstand voneinander haben, auch bei grossen Einfallswinkeln scharf abgebildet werden und unter möglichst kleinen Winkeln zur optischen Achse auf den Hohlspiegel treffen.The invention has for its object to provide a motion detector of the type mentioned, in which the beams of the individual fields of view have a constant distance from each other in a simple and inexpensive way, are sharply imaged even at large angles of incidence and at the smallest possible angles to the optical axis hit the concave mirror.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass der Hohlspiegel am inneren Ende des Verbindungsteiles und der Strahlungsempfänger vor dessen äusserem, die Eingangsöffnung bildenden Ende angeordnet ist, dass das Verbindungsteil auf seiner gesamten Länge in Bezug auf den Strahlungsempfänger optisch aktiv ist und wenigstens eine ebene Innenfläche aufweist, die unter einem von 0° verschiedenen Winkel a (Systemwinkel) zur optischen Achse geneigt ist, wobei der Systemwinkel a so gewählt ist, dass die reflektierte Strahlung unter möglichst kleinen Winkeln zur optischen Achse auf den Hohlspiegel trifft.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the concave mirror is arranged at the inner end of the connecting part and the radiation receiver is arranged in front of its outer end forming the entrance opening, that the connecting part is optically active along its entire length with respect to the radiation receiver and has at least one flat inner surface which is inclined at an angle a (system angle) different from 0 ° to the optical axis, the system angle a being chosen such that the reflected radiation strikes the concave mirror at the smallest possible angles to the optical axis.

Aus dem Stand der Technik ist es zwar bekannt, den Hohlspiegel am inneren Ende des rohrförmigen Teils anzuordnen und den bzw. die Strahlungsempfänger davor (siehe z. B. DE-AS 2 537 380, Fig. 1 und 3), jedoch derart, dass die vom Hohlspiegel reflektierte Strahlung direkt auf den Strahlungsempfänger fokussiert ist. Beim Erfindungsgegenstand hingegen werden alle schräg zur optischen Achse einfallenden Strahlenbündel sowohl vor als auch nach der Fokussierung durch den Hohlspiegel von den Innenwänden des rohrförmigen Teils reflektiert und zwar umso öfter je grösser der Einfallswinkel ist. Dadurch treffen die Strahlenbündel, deren Breite sich aus dem Produkt aus Breite der Eingangsöffnung und cos a ergibt, unter verhältnismässig kleinen Winkeln zur optischen Achse auf die Optik, sodass auch bei Verwendung von nicht korrigierten billigen sphärischen Hohlspiegeln mit relativ grosser sphärischer Aberration eine scharfe Abbildung des gesamten Strahlenbündels erreicht ist. Durch die hohe Abbildungsqualität ist der erfindungsgemässe Bewegungsmelder darüberhinaus besonders gut für den Einsatz von Mehrfach-Sensoren im Strahlungsempfänger geeignet.It is known from the prior art to arrange the concave mirror at the inner end of the tubular part and the radiation receiver (s) in front of it (see, for example, DE-AS 2 537 380, FIGS. 1 and 3), but in such a way that the radiation reflected by the concave mirror is focused directly on the radiation receiver. In the case of the subject matter of the invention, on the other hand, all of the rays incident obliquely to the optical axis are reflected by the concave mirror both before and after focusing by the inner walls of the tubular part, and the more often the larger the angle of incidence, the more often. As a result, the beams, the width of which results from the product of the width of the entrance opening and cos a, hit the optics at relatively small angles to the optical axis, so that even when uncorrected cheap spherical concave mirrors with relatively large spherical aberration are used, a sharp image of the entire beam is reached. Due to the high imaging quality, the motion detector according to the invention is also particularly well suited for the use of multiple sensors in the radiation receiver.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der nicht achsparallelen Innenflächen ergibt sich schliesslich daraus, dass die nicht parallel zur optischen Achse einfallenden Strahlenbündel eine zum Strahlungsempfänger hin gekrümmte Schärfelinie bewirken. Damit ist besonders bei Ausleuchtung des zu überwachenden Raumes aus einer Ecke heraus eine wesentlich günstigere Empfindlichkeitsverteilung gegeben. Bei dem aus der DE-AS 2 537 380 bekannten Bewegungsmelder ist der Strahlungsempfänger ungefähr in der Mitte des Verbindungsteiles angeordnet, sodass es gegenüber dem Erfindungsgegenstand schwierig und kostspielig ist, in der Serienherstellung eine exakte und dauerhaft sichere Montage des Strahlungsempfängers zu gewährleisten.Another advantage of the non-axially parallel inner surfaces ultimately results from the fact that the beams of rays that do not fall parallel to the optical axis bring about a line of focus that is curved toward the radiation receiver. This provides a significantly more favorable sensitivity distribution, especially when the room to be monitored is illuminated from a corner. In the case of the motion detector known from DE-AS 2 537 380, the radiation receiver is arranged approximately in the middle of the connecting part, so that it is difficult and costly compared to the subject of the invention to ensure exact and permanently safe assembly of the radiation receiver in series production.

Weiterhin ist durch diesen Aufbau einerseits sowie eine grosse Ausdehnung des aus mehreren Einzelsensoren gebildeten Strahlungsempfängers quer zur optischen Achse anderseits der überwachbare Raumwinkel und die nutzbare Breite der Strahlungskeulen stark reduziert, sodass insgesamt Strahlung nur aus wenigen schmalen Bereichen zum Strahlungsempfänger gelangen kann, wobei die Reflexion an den Innenwänden im wesentlichen nur im Bereich des zwischen dem Strahlungsempfänger und der Öffnung liegenden Abschnitts des Verbindungsteils erfolgt und der Abschnitt zwischen Optik und Strahlungsempfänger optisch nicht aktiv ist. Zur Überwachung eines grösseren Raumwinkels sind daher zusätzlich unter anderen Winkeln zur optischen Achse geneigte reflektierende Teilabschnitte des Verbindungsteils vorgesehen, während der erfindungsgemässe Bewegungsmelder mit nur unter einem einzigen Winkel geneigten Innenfläche einen Überwachungsbereich von nahezu 180° bietet. Gegenüber dem Stand der Technik (beispielsweise DE-OS 2 537 380, Fig. 3 bis 5, sowie DE-OS 2 103 909, Fig. 6 bis 8), bei denen dazu teurere Mehrfachspiegel, mehrere konisch verlaufende reflektierende Innenflächen bzw. Linsen oder mehrere Strahlungsempfänger benötigt werden, sind beim Erfindungsgegenstand alle genannten Vorteile zusammen mit einem äusserst einfachen und kostengünstigen Aufbau erreicht.Furthermore, this construction, on the one hand, and a large extent of the radiation receiver formed from a plurality of individual sensors transversely to the optical axis, on the other hand, greatly reduce the monitorable solid angle and the usable width of the radiation lobes, so that overall radiation can only reach the radiation receiver from a few narrow areas, with the reflection occurring the inner walls are essentially only in the area of the section of the connecting part lying between the radiation receiver and the opening and the section between the optics and the radiation receiver is not optically active. To monitor a larger solid angle, reflective sections of the connecting part are therefore additionally inclined at different angles to the optical axis, while the motion detector according to the invention with an inner surface inclined only at a single angle offers a monitoring range of almost 180 °. Compared to the prior art (for example DE-OS 2 537 380, Fig. 3 to 5, and DE-OS 2 103 909, Fig. 6 to 8), in which more expensive multiple mirrors, several conical reflecting inner surfaces or lenses or If several radiation receivers are required, all the advantages mentioned are achieved in the subject matter of the invention together with an extremely simple and inexpensive construction.

In den Unteransprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen bzw. Ausbildungen des erfindungsgemässen Bewegungsmelders beschrieben.Advantageous refinements or developments of the motion detector according to the invention are described in the subclaims.

Bei Wahl eines Winkels gemäss Anspruch 2 ist ein optimaler Kompromiss zwischen geringem Gerätevolumen einerseits und hoher Abbildungsschärfe, sowie grosser Verstärkung (aktiver Strahlquerschnitt) anderseits gegeben.When choosing an angle according to claim 2, there is an optimal compromise between low device volume on the one hand and high image sharpness, and large gain (active beam cross section) on the other.

Besonders geringe Abmessungen bei vernünftigem Winkelabstand zwischen den Gesichtsfeldern erhält man durch eine Ausbildung nach Anspruch 3.Particularly small dimensions with a reasonable angular distance between the visual fields are obtained by an embodiment according to claim 3.

Bei einer in Anspruch 4 beschriebenen Ausführung ist gewährleistet, dass die Gesichtsfelder zwischen Eingangsöffnung des Verbindungsteils und Abbildung des Strahlungsempfängers im Raum parallel sind und damit eine konstante Empfindlichkeit unabhängig von der Entfernung des Eindringlings vom Bewegungsmelder bewirken. Ausserdem werden diese Parallelstrahlenbündel nicht durch die Eingangsöffnung beschnitten, sodass ein maximaler Energiefluss stattfinden kann, ein Vorteil, der insbesondere bei Verwendung von Mehrfach-Sensoren als Strahlungsempfänger von weittragender Bedeutung ist.In an embodiment described in claim 4 it is ensured that the visual fields between the entrance opening of the connecting part and the image of the radiation receiver are parallel in space and thus cause a constant sensitivity regardless of the distance of the intruder from the motion detector. In addition, these parallel beams are not cut through the entrance opening, so that a maximum energy flow can take place, an advantage that is of far-reaching importance, in particular when using multiple sensors as radiation receivers.

Bei einem derart aufgebauten Bewegungsmelder ist der Winkel β, den die Verbindungslinie des Scheitels des Hohlspiegels mit den bezüglich der Innenfläche virtuellen Punkten des Strahlungsempfängers mit der optischen Achse einschliesst praktisch gleich dem Systemwinkel a. Die unter Einfallswinkeln von 0, + (2 n + 1) - a Grad für n = 0, 1, 2 ... entstehenden Gesichtsfelder weisen daher konstanten Winkelabstand auf, wodurch in Verbindung mit dem Wegfall der geradzahligen Vielfachen von a eine Abdeckung des zu überwachenden Bereichs mit relativ wenig Gesichtsfeldern ermöglicht ist.In the case of a motion detector constructed in this way, the angle β which the connecting line of the apex of the concave mirror with the virtual points of the radiation receiver with the optical axis with respect to the inner surface includes is practically equal to the system angle a. The fields of view arising at angles of incidence of 0, + (2 n + 1) - a degrees for n = 0, 1, 2 ... therefore have a constant angular distance, which, in conjunction with the elimination of the even multiples of a, covers the monitoring area with relatively few visual fields is enabled.

Eine Ausführung des erfindungsgemässen Bewegungsmelders nach Anspruch 5 ermöglicht eine Montage quer zur optischen Achse, wodurch ein unauffälliges, nur wenig von der Montagewand abragendes Überwachungsgerät geschaffen ist. In Verbindung mit der Ausgestaltung nach Anspruch 3 sind die Abmessungen so gering zu halten, dass in vorteilhafter Weise sogar ein Einbau in handelsübliche Unterputzdosen möglich und der Bewegungsmelder damit für den Eindringling gänzlich unsichtbar ist. Dabei entsteht durch einen Aufbau gemäss Anspruch 6 eine Auffächerung der überwachten Zone in der zu den angeführten, durch entsprechende Wand montage zweckmässigerweise horizontalen Gesichtsfeldern senkrechten Ebene in mehrere, durch entsprechende Wahl der Abmessungen des Verbindungsteils, sowie der Lage und Neigung des Umlenkspiegels z. B. drei unter 10, 60 und 80 Grad zur optischen Achse verlaufende StrahlenbündelFächer. Diese Winkel des Vertikaldiagrammes stellen einen für den praktischen Einsatz besonders günstigen Kompromiss zwischen einer relativ kleinen Anzahl von Gesichtsfeldern (und damit geringen Störeinflüssen) und einer wirkungsvollen Überwachung dar, da auch in kleinen Räumen sowohl das Feld in Körperhöhe, als auch der direkt vor und unterhalb des Bewegungsmelders liegende Bereich abgesichert ist. Auf diese ebenso einfache und kostengünstige wie elegante Weise ist eine Umgehung (z.B. durch Unterlaufen) ohne zusätzliches fokussierendes Element, Vergrösserung des Gerätevolumens oder Beschneidung der horizontalen Gesichtsfelder des Bewegungsmelders weitestgehend unmöglich gemacht.An embodiment of the motion detector according to the invention according to claim 5 enables mounting transversely to the optical axis, thereby creating an inconspicuous monitoring device which protrudes only slightly from the mounting wall. In connection with the configuration according to claim 3, the dimensions are to be kept so small that even installation in commercially available flush-mounted boxes is possible in an advantageous manner and the motion detector is thus completely invisible to the intruder. In this case, a structure of the monitored zone arises from a structure according to claim 6 in the plane perpendicular to the above-mentioned, by means of appropriate wall mounting, vertical visual fields into several, by appropriate choice of the dimensions of the connecting part, and the position and inclination of the deflecting mirror z. B. three beam compartments running at 10, 60 and 80 degrees to the optical axis. These angles of the vertical diagram represent a particularly favorable compromise between a relatively small number of visual fields (and thus little interference) and effective monitoring for practical use, since even in small rooms both the field at body height and that directly in front and below the area of the motion detector is secured. In this way, which is as simple and inexpensive as it is elegant, circumvention (e.g. by underflow) without additional focusing element, enlarging the device volume or trimming the horizontal field of view of the motion detector is made largely impossible.

Gemäss Anspruch 7 kann der Strahlungsempfänger im Umlenkspiegel integriert sein. In der Regel ist es jedoch zweckmässiger, den Strahlungsempfänger nach Anspruch 8 in Strahlungsrichtung hinter dem Umlenkspiegel anzuordnen, weil er dadurch vor elektromagnetischen Störstrahlungen aller Art (z.B. UKW- und CB-Funk, atmosphärische Entladungen usw.) geschützt ist und Fehlalarme auf diese Weise minimiert sind. Zudem ist ein derartiger Aufbau preiswerter als die Integration des Strahlungsempfängers im Umlenkspiegel.According to claim 7, the radiation receiver can be integrated in the deflecting mirror. In general, however, it is more expedient to arrange the radiation receiver according to claim 8 in the radiation direction behind the deflecting mirror, because it protects it from electromagnetic interference radiation of all kinds (e.g. VHF and CB radio, atmospheric discharges, etc.) and minimizes false alarms in this way are. In addition, such a structure is cheaper than the integration of the radiation receiver in the deflecting mirror.

Bei entsprechender Beschaffenheit des zu überwachenden Raumes bzw. Anordnung des Bewegungsmelders kann es wünschenswert sein, einen Bereich von mehr als 90° zur optischen Achse zu überwachen. Dies ist mit dem erfindungsgemässen Bewegungsmelder ohne weiteres möglich, wenn das Verbindungsteil gemäss Anspruch 9 entsprechende Aussparungen trägt.If the room to be monitored or the arrangement of the motion detector are suitable, it may be desirable to monitor an area of more than 90 ° to the optical axis. This is easily possible with the motion detector according to the invention if the connecting part has corresponding cutouts.

Ein auch ohne den Umlenkspiegel nach Anspruch 5 besonders kleiner, sogar für den Einbau in handelsübliche 55 mm-Unterputzdosen geeigneter Aufbau des erfindungsgemässen Bewegungsmelders ist durch die in Anspruch 10 beschriebene Ausführung ermöglicht. Wenn dabei, oder auch bei anderen entsprechend gestalteten Bewegungsmeldern, der Strahlungsempfänger aus Gründen einer einfachen und preisgünstigen Montage mit seinem der Sensorfläche gegenüberliegenden Teil direkt auf der Schaltungsplatine montiert ist, bewirkt ein (dem an dieser Stelle geringen Querschnitt der Strahlenbündel entsprechend) kleiner Umlenkspiegel nach Anspruch 11 auf sehr einfache, die übrigen Strahlengänge praktisch nicht störende Weise eine vollständige Umlenkung der fokussierten Strahlenbündel auf den bzw. die Sensoren des Strahlungsempfängers.A structure of the invention according to the invention which is particularly small even without the deflecting mirror according to claim 5 and is even suitable for installation in commercially available 55 mm flush-mounted boxes gungsmelders is made possible by the embodiment described in claim 10. If, in this case, or also in the case of other appropriately designed motion detectors, the radiation receiver is mounted directly on the circuit board with its part opposite the sensor surface for reasons of simple and inexpensive installation, a small deflecting mirror (corresponding to the small cross section of the beam bundles at this point) brings about 11 in a very simple manner, which practically does not disturb the other beam paths, a complete deflection of the focused beams onto the sensor or sensors of the radiation receiver.

Mit Hilfe der in Anspruch 12 angegebenen, an sich bekannten Blenden ist es auf einfache und kostengünstige Weise möglich, die Breite und Anzahl der Gesichtsfelder nach den Bedürfnissen des Einzelfalls zu wählen. Beispielsweise hat es sich in der Praxis als zweckmässig erwiesen, in der horizontalen Ebene etwa 5 bis 7 Gesichtsfelder zu belegen, da dies einen günstigen Kompromiss zwischen möglichst vielen Änderungen der Strahlungsintensität einerseits und möglichst geringem Störgeräusch anderseits ergibt. Soll hierbei ein optimales Verhältnis von Grösse des Bewegungsmelders zu Querschnitt und damit Energie des Rand-Gesichtsfeldes erreicht werden, so ist eine Ausbildung nach Anspruch 13 zweckmässig.With the help of the known aperture indicated in claim 12, it is possible in a simple and inexpensive way to choose the width and number of fields of view according to the needs of the individual case. In practice, for example, it has proven expedient to occupy about 5 to 7 visual fields in the horizontal plane, since this results in a favorable compromise between as many changes in the radiation intensity as possible on the one hand and as little noise as possible on the other hand. If an optimal ratio of the size of the motion detector to the cross section and thus the energy of the peripheral field of view is to be achieved, an embodiment according to claim 13 is expedient.

Die Figuren zeigen ein im Infrarotbereich arbeitendes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemässen Bewegungsmelders. Dabei ist Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf das geöffnete Gerät und Fig. 2 ein Axialschnitt senkrecht dazu. Aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit sind in beiden Figuren die für die Erfindung unwesentlichen dem Strahlungsempfänger nachgeschalteten Schaltungsbauteile weggelassen. Aus dem gleichen Grund ist jeweils nur von einem einzigen Strahlenbündel der vollständige Verlauf dargestellt und von den übrigen lediglich ein Teil des Mittelstrahls.The figures show an embodiment of the motion detector according to the invention working in the infrared range. 1 is a top view of the opened device and FIG. 2 is an axial section perpendicular to it. For reasons of clarity, the circuit components downstream of the radiation receiver which are insignificant for the invention are omitted in both figures. For the same reason, the complete course of only one beam is shown and only a part of the central beam of the rest.

Der Infrarotstrahlungs-Bewegungsmelder 1 besteht aus einem auf einer zugleich als Träger dienenden Schaltungsplatine 2 angeordneten, aus vier aufeinander senkrecht stehenden Wänden 3, 4, 5, 6 mit ebenen reflektierenden Innenflächen gebildeten Verbindungsteil, einem das innere Ende des Verbindungsteils abschliessenden sphärischen Hohlspiegel 7, sowie einem vor der Eingangsöffnung des Verbindungsteils auf einem Träger 8 angebrachten ebenen Umlenkspiegel 9 und einem in der Draufsicht dahinter liegenden Strahlungsempfänger 10 (Pyroelektrisches Element). Die beiden Wände 3, 4 verlaufen parallel zueinander, wobei die eine Wand 3 direkt auf der Schaltungsplatine 2 befestigt ist und die andere 4 als lösbarer Deckel mittels Schrauben 11 an Abstandsblöcken 12, deren innerer zugleich als Träger für den Hohlspiegel 7 dient.The infrared radiation motion detector 1 consists of a connecting part arranged on a circuit board 2 which also serves as a support, formed from four mutually perpendicular walls 3, 4, 5, 6 with flat reflecting inner surfaces, a spherical concave mirror 7 which closes the inner end of the connecting part, and a planar deflecting mirror 9 mounted on a carrier 8 in front of the inlet opening of the connecting part and a radiation receiver 10 (pyroelectric element) lying behind it in plan view. The two walls 3, 4 run parallel to one another, one wall 3 being attached directly to the circuit board 2 and the other 4 as a detachable cover by means of screws 11 on spacer blocks 12, the interior of which also serves as a support for the concave mirror 7.

Die beiden anderen Wände 5, 6 verlaufen symmetrisch zu der in der Ebene der Deckel-Innenfläche liegenden optischen Achse A und sind zu dieser in Richtung zur quadratischen Eingangsöffnung des Verbindungsteils hin unter einem Systemwinkel von 8,5° geneigt. Der Strahlungsempfänger 10 ist nicht genau im Brennpunkt des Hohlspiegels 7 angeordnet, sondern in einem Abstand vor dessen Scheitel S, der um den Faktor 1 + - = 1,1 grösser ist als seine Brennweite, b wobei mit b bzw. d die Abmessungen der Eingangsöffnung bzw. des Sensors in der Ebene quer zu den konischen Wänden 5, 6 bezeichnet sind. Bei dieser Ausführung entspricht der Winkel zwischen den Verbindungslinien des Scheitels S mit den bezüglich der konischen Innenflächen virtuellen Punkten des Strahlungsempfängers 10 und der optischen Achse A etwa dem Systemwinkel a. Dadurch entstehen in der Ebene senkrecht zu den konischen Wänden 5, 6 parallele Gesichtsfelder, deren Strahlenbündel unter Winkeln von 0, sowie ± (2 n + 1) - a Grad zur optischen Achse A einfallen. Davon ist die Strahlung aus dem 0°-Gesichtsfeld durch eine Blende 13 und die aus den Gesichtsfeldern für n > 3 durch die schrägen seitlichen Begrenzungswände 14 des trapezförmig ausgebildeten Umlenkspiegels 9, sowie den geometrischen Aufbau des Verbindungsteils ausgeblendet, sodass in der genannten Ebene insgesamt nur aus 6 Gesichtsfeldern mit den Einfallswinkeln ± 8,5°, ± 25,5° und ± 42,5° zur optischen Achse A Strahlung in das Verbindungsteil und zum Strahlungsempfänger 10 gelangt.The two other walls 5, 6 run symmetrically to the optical axis A lying in the plane of the inner surface of the cover and are inclined towards it in the direction of the square entrance opening of the connecting part at a system angle of 8.5 °. The radiation receiver 10 is not arranged exactly in the focal point of the concave mirror 7, but at a distance in front of its apex S, which is larger by a factor 1 + - = 1.1 than its focal length, b with b and d being the dimensions of the entrance opening or the sensor in the plane transverse to the conical walls 5, 6 are designated. In this embodiment, the angle between the connecting lines of the vertex S with the virtual points of the radiation receiver 10 with respect to the conical inner surfaces and the optical axis A corresponds approximately to the system angle a. This creates parallel fields of view in the plane perpendicular to the conical walls 5, 6, the beams of which are incident at angles of 0 and ± (2 n + 1) - a degree to the optical axis A. Of this, the radiation from the 0 ° field of view is masked out by an aperture 13 and that from the fields of view for n> 3 by the oblique lateral boundary walls 14 of the trapezoidal deflection mirror 9, as well as the geometric structure of the connecting part, so that in the plane mentioned only a total of from 6 fields of view with the angles of incidence ± 8.5 °, ± 25.5 ° and ± 42.5 ° to the optical axis A radiation reaches the connecting part and the radiation receiver 10.

In der Axialebene senkrecht zu den parallelen Wänden 3, 4 entstehen durch entsprechende Abmessungen des Verbindungsteils, sowie Bemessung von Grösse, Lage und Neigungswinkel (hier 35° zur optischen Achse A) des Umlenkspiegels 9 drei von der Eingangsöffnung des Verbindungsteils unbeschnittene parallele Gesichtsfelder unter den Winkeln von 10, 60 und 80° zur optischen Achse A, aus denen Strahlung durch die Eingangsöffnung des Verbindungsteils zum Strahlungsempfänger 10 gelangt. Durch Wahl eines Verhältnisses der Länge des Verbindungsteils zu seiner Öffnungsbreite von etwa 5 : 1 ist bei einer Brennweite des Hohlspiegels 7 von 100 mm ein bei ausreichender Empfindlichkeit besonders kleines Gerätevolumen erreicht.In the axial plane perpendicular to the parallel walls 3, 4, three dimensions of the connecting part, as well as dimensioning of the size, position and angle of inclination (here 35 ° to the optical axis A) of the deflecting mirror 9, give rise to three parallel fields of view, untrimmed from the entrance opening of the connecting part, under the angles from 10, 60 and 80 ° to the optical axis A, from which radiation passes through the input opening of the connecting part to the radiation receiver 10. By choosing a ratio of the length of the connecting part to its opening width of approximately 5: 1, a device volume that is particularly small with sufficient sensitivity is achieved with a focal length of the concave mirror 7 of 100 mm.

Der steile 10°-Strahlenbündelfächer tritt dabei nicht über den Umlenkspiegel 9, sondern auf direktem Wege in das Verbindungsteil ein und ist zur wirksamen Vermeidung einer Umgehung bzw. Ausschaltung der Überwachung durch Bewegungen unterhalb der 60°-bzw. 80°-Gesichtsfelder vorgesehen.The steep 10 ° beam bundle fan does not enter via the deflecting mirror 9, but rather directly into the connecting part and is to effectively avoid bypassing or switching off the monitoring by movements below the 60 ° or. 80 ° fields of view provided.

Der beschriebene Infrarot-Strahlungsbewegungsmelder 1 wird mit der Schaltungsplatine 2 derart an der Wand montiert, dass die optische Achse A vertikal verläuft, sodass der Überwachungsbereich horizontal in sechs und vertikal in drei Gesichtsfelder aufgeteilt ist. Die damit erreichten achtzehn Strahlenbündel leuchten die zu überwachende Zone, insbesondere bei Montage des Bewegungsmelders 1 in einer Ecke des Raumes ausreichend aus, wobei ein günstiger Kompromiss zwischen Störanfälligkeit einerseits und möglichst vielen alarmindizierenden Strahlenbündeln anderseits erreicht wird. Ausserdem ist das Gerät durch den genannten Aufbau sehr flach und damit unauffällig ausführbar. Der Strahlungsempfänger 10 ist bei dieser Montage derart hinter dem Umlenkspiegel 9 angeordnet, dass zwar die Infrarot-Strahlung aus den achtzehn Gesichtsfeldern jedoch so gut wie keine Störstrahlung empfangen wird.The described infrared radiation motion detector 1 is mounted on the wall with the circuit board 2 in such a way that the optical axis A runs vertically, so that the monitoring area is divided horizontally into six and vertically into three fields of view. The eighteen beams thus achieved illuminate the zone to be monitored sufficiently, particularly when the motion detector 1 is installed in a corner of the room, a favorable compromise between susceptibility to interference on the one hand and as many alarm-indicating beams as possible bundle is achieved on the other hand. In addition, the device is very flat due to the construction mentioned and can therefore be executed inconspicuously. In this assembly, the radiation receiver 10 is arranged behind the deflecting mirror 9 in such a way that the infrared radiation from the eighteen fields of view is hardly received, however.

Alle reflektierenden Teile 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 und 9 des vorliegenden Infrarotstrahlungs-Bewegungsmelders 1 sind als Kunststoffteile mit aluminiumbedampften optisch aktiven Flächen ausgeführt. Sie sind billig in der Herstellung und weisen trotzdem eine verhältnismässig geringe Dämpfung auf. Werden jedoch noch höhere Anforderungen an die Reflexionseigenschaften gestellt, so stehen dafür eine Reihe bekannter Materialien zur Verfügung, wie z. B. spiegelblank gewalztes Aluminium für die ebenen Flächen, sowie gepresstes und geglänztes Aluminiumblech bzw. fliessgepresstes Reinaluminiumblech für den Hohlspiegel.All reflecting parts 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 9 of the present infrared radiation motion detector 1 are designed as plastic parts with aluminum-coated optically active surfaces. They are cheap to manufacture and still have a relatively low damping. However, if even higher demands are made on the reflection properties, a number of known materials are available, such as. B. mirror-finished rolled aluminum for the flat surfaces, as well as pressed and polished aluminum sheet or extruded pure aluminum sheet for the concave mirror.

Beim Überschreiten der Gesichtsfeldgrenzen durch eine unerlaubt in den überwachten Raum eindringende Person ergeben sich Änderungen der Infrarotstrahlungsintensität, die von dem pyroelektrischen Element 10 registriert und in der nachfolgenden elektronischen Schaltung in bekannter Weise als Alarm ausgewertet werden.When the visual field limits are exceeded by a person entering the monitored space without permission, changes in the infrared radiation intensity result which are registered by the pyroelectric element 10 and are evaluated in the subsequent electronic circuit in a known manner as an alarm.

Insgesamt zeichnet sich das beschriebene Gerät sowohl durch einen einfachen und kostengünstigen Aufbau, als auch durch ein Optimum hinsichtlich Abbildungsschärfe im gesamten Überwachungsbereich, Energiefluss und Anzahl der Strahlenbündel, Abmessungen, sowie Störabstand aus und erfüllt damit höchste Anforderungen bezüglich Wirtschaftlichkeit und einer dauerhaft sicheren, weitgehend störunempfindlichen Funktion.Overall, the device described is characterized both by a simple and inexpensive construction, and by an optimum in terms of image sharpness in the entire surveillance area, energy flow and number of beams, dimensions, and signal-to-noise ratio, and thus meets the highest requirements in terms of economy and a permanently safe, largely insensitive to interference Function.

Claims (13)

1. Motion detector (1) responding to electromagnetic radiation, particularly in the infrared range, and having one single optical system preferably in the form of a spherical concave mirror (7) for concentrating the radiation on a radiation receiver (10), in which a connecting part (3, 4, 5, 6), disposed between optical system and radiation receiver (10) and having reflecting inner surfaces, forms several separate fields of view from which the radiation reaches the radiation receiver (10), wherein the concave mirror (7) and the radiation receiver (10) are disposed at the inner and outer ends, respectively, of the connecting part (3, 4, 5, 6), said outer end forming the inlet opening, and wherein the connecting part (3, 4, 5, 6) is over its entire length optically active with regard to the radiation receiver (10) and comprises at least one flat inner surface (5, 6) which is inclined at an angle a (system angle) different from 0° with respect to the optical axis (A), the system angle a being so selected that the reflected radiation strikes the concave mirror (7) at angles as small as possible with respect to the optical axis (A).
2. Motion detector as defined in claim 1, wherein the angle between optical axis (A) and the rays of the fields of view striking the concave mirror (7) is between 6 and 10°.
3. Motion detector as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein the system angle a is between 8 and 15°.
4. Motion detector as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the distance between the radiation receiver (10) and the crown (S) of the concave mirror (7) is greater preferably by the factor (1 + b) than the focal length of the latter, b b and d denoting the dimensions of the inlet opening and of the radiation receiver (10), respectively, in the plane transverse to the respective inner surfaces (5, 6).
5. Motion detector as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a flat deflection mirror (9) is disposed in front of the inlet opening of the connecting part preferably at an angle of 35° with respect to the plane of the fields of view.
6. Motion detector as defined in claim 5, wherein provided perpendicularly with respect to the inner surface(s) (5, 6) extending obliquely with respect to the optical axis (A) are two further reflecting inner surfaces (3, 4) disposed asymmetrically parallel with respect to the optical axis (A).
7. Motion detector as defined in claim 5 or 6, wherein the radiation receiver (10) is integrated in the deflection mirror (9).
8. Motion detector as defined in claim 5 or 6, wherein the radiation receiver (10) is, as viewed in the direction of radiation, disposed behind the deflection mirror (9).
9. Motion detector as defined in any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the opening-side end part of the connecting-part wall (4) opposite the deflection mirror (9) bears a recess for receiving radiation from fields of view extending at an angle of more than 90° with respect to the optical axis.
10. Motion detector as defined in claims 1 to 3, wherein the connecting part comprises four vertically superimposed, flat, reflecting inner surfaces, of which two extend symmetrically each at an angle of 15° with respect to the optical axis, the third being inclined in the same direction as the first two but at an angle of 7 to 10° with respect to the optical axis, and the latter lying in the plane of the fourth inner surface.
11. Motion detector as defined in claim 10, wherein provided is a small-size, flat deflection mirror which deflects the radiation, focused at the concave mirror (7) and reflected on the inner surfaces of the connecting part, to the sensor surface of the radiation receiver (10), said radiation receiver being mounted with the opposite part directly on the radiation board (2).
12. Motion detector as defined in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein diaphragms (13), adjustable if necessary, are disposed at a suitable place, preferably in the vicinity of the inlet opening of the connecting part, to limit the width of the fields of view and/or to suppress a part of the latter.
13. Motion detector as defined in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the ratio of the dimensions of the inlet opening to the length of the connecting part is such that the ray bundles of a predetermined number of fields of view just pass un- chopped through the inlet opening.
EP82103717A 1981-05-18 1982-04-30 Motion detector for space supervision Expired EP0065159B1 (en)

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AT82103717T ATE19442T1 (en) 1981-05-18 1982-04-30 MOTION DETECTOR FOR ROOM MONITORING.

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DE3119720A DE3119720C2 (en) 1981-05-18 1981-05-18 Motion detector responding to electromagnetic radiation
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EP0065159A3 EP0065159A3 (en) 1983-11-23
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS57196175A (en) 1982-12-02
ATE19442T1 (en) 1986-05-15
US4479056A (en) 1984-10-23
EP0065159A3 (en) 1983-11-23
EP0065159A2 (en) 1982-11-24
DE3119720A1 (en) 1982-12-09
DE3119720C2 (en) 1985-07-11

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