EP0062292B1 - Process for the preparation of a cooling emulsion, and its application - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of a cooling emulsion, and its application Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0062292B1
EP0062292B1 EP82102703A EP82102703A EP0062292B1 EP 0062292 B1 EP0062292 B1 EP 0062292B1 EP 82102703 A EP82102703 A EP 82102703A EP 82102703 A EP82102703 A EP 82102703A EP 0062292 B1 EP0062292 B1 EP 0062292B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixture
weight
process according
emulsion
drilling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82102703A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0062292A3 (en
EP0062292A2 (en
Inventor
Henry Zimzik
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MEINHARDT, HORST
Original Assignee
Meinhardt Horst
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Priority to AT82102703T priority Critical patent/ATE17594T1/en
Publication of EP0062292A2 publication Critical patent/EP0062292A2/en
Publication of EP0062292A3 publication Critical patent/EP0062292A3/en
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Publication of EP0062292B1 publication Critical patent/EP0062292B1/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/18—Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides
    • C10M2215/082—Amides containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
    • C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a cooling emulsion, in particular for use as drilling, cutting and grinding aids in the metalworking industry, in which water-insoluble organic substances are emulsified in water, and to the use of the cooling emulsion produced by the method.
  • Drilling, cutting and grinding emulsions are generally used to cool saws, grinders, drills and the like in order to dissipate the heat that occurs when machining workpieces and thereby avoid increased wear on the tools, which occurs when the workpieces are excessively heated.
  • So far so-called drilling oils have been used for this purpose, which were essentially water-solubilized mineral oils.
  • the water solubility of the mineral oils is usually achieved by adding sodium hydroxide solution to a mixture of resin oil, olein or the like until the end product can be smoothly emulsified with water.
  • sulfide leachate, tar oils and waste oils are also used, which are made water-soluble essentially using the same process.
  • Such products are often mixed with disinfectant and rust-preventing components such as nitrite, chromium compounds or other substances.
  • drilling oils are not biodegradable according to the prior art.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for producing a drilling oil or a drilling oil, the use of which does not cause skin damage, which is biodegradable to avoid waste problems, and good heat dissipation to achieve a long service life of the tools whose use it is used to achieve.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that initially a mixture of about 3 to 15% by weight of natural wax (s) of animal and / or vegetable origin, 0.1 to 0.45% by weight of a nonionic surfactant, the rest about 50% by weight of water, about 37.5% by weight of diethanolamine (s) and about 12.5% by weight of triethanolamine (s), aqueous di / tri-entanol mixture, prepared, then the mixture is brought to a boil with stirring, after dispersion of the wax portion is cooled to a reaction temperature with stirring and after amination of the wax portion by the di / tri-ethanol mixture is cooled down to the use temperature.
  • the invention further relates to the use of the cooling emulsion produced by the process according to the invention in approximately 2.5-5% (wt.%) Aqueous solution with a pH of 8-9 as drilling, cutting or grinding aid.
  • the cooling emulsion according to the invention also has better properties than previously known emulsions in its mode of action as drilling oil.
  • the drilling, cutting and grinding emulsions have an above-average heat dissipation, so that a rapid cooling of the work place by heat dissipation to the total coolant in the reservoir causes. It was also observed that, for example, the cut surfaces in cast iron (gray cast iron) have smoother cut surfaces when using the cutting emulsion according to the invention than could previously be achieved with conventional ones, surprisingly less wear on the tools being observed.
  • the emulsion according to the invention is anti-corrosive and does not lead to the occurrence of oxidation in the processed objects.
  • Deviations in the composition of the concentration in particular a reduction in the content of the drilling emulsions according to the invention leads to increased wear of the tools, poorer heat dissipation, and zer cracked cut surfaces, as well as material breakage on the workpiece.
  • Another advantage of the drilling, cutting and grinding emulsions according to the invention is that they are completely biodegradable and therefore the previously necessary collection and destruction of the used drilling oils in a flaring system is eliminated. Instead, used drilling emulsions can simply be discharged into the sewage systems, in which they can be processed without affecting the receiving water of sewage systems.
  • Organic and / or vegetable waxes preferably from plants of the Copernicia genus with an addition of a commercially available emulsifier, preferably a nonionic, are usually processed in the process according to the invention.
  • About 1 to 3 parts by weight are used per 10 to 15 parts by weight of wax.
  • 41 parts by weight of a DiITri-ethanol mixture, and an anticorrosive metal-wetting disinfectant with bactericidal and fungicidal properties which prevent the growth of virus types, salmonella, adhesives and other problem germs are added.
  • About 1 to 2% by weight of preservative of the overall formulation is preferably used.
  • a lemon peel extract with skin-protecting properties can be mixed in up to 1% of the total formulation.
  • An emulsion according to the invention is usually prepared by heating the wax, emulsifier, di- and tri-ethanolamines together and, after dissolving the wax fraction, cooling with stirring to the point of transition.
  • the transition temperature is usually in the range of about 84-93 ° C.
  • preservative and, if necessary, lemon peel extract are added.
  • This emulsion obtained in this way is diluted 20 to 30 times for use as a grinding, drilling or cutting aid.
  • This dilution can, if necessary, only be carried out using water at the place of use.
  • a commercially available mixture which consists of 75 parts of di- and 25 parts of tri-ethanolamine and is in 50% aqueous solution is usually used as the di-triethanol mixture.
  • the wax content of the emulsion according to the invention should be between about 10 to 15%.
  • the preferred preservative is an aqueous solution of dioctylaminoethylglycine lactate and alkylaminoethylglycine hydrochloride, as sold by Goldschmidt, Essen / Ruhr, Goldschmidtstrasse under the trademark "TEGO”.
  • This emulsion can be used as a concentrate for the production of cutting, drilling or grinding emulsions.
  • 15 parts by weight of a wax are mixed with 80 parts by weight of a mixture consisting of 50% by weight of H 2 O, 12.5% of tri-ethanolamine and 37.5% by weight of di-ethanolamine and 0.1% by weight of a commercially available , nonionic emulsifier boiled and cooled to a temperature of 50 ° C after complete amination.
  • a commercially available preservative is then added with 1% of the total mixture.
  • This emulsion can be diluted 35 times with water for use as a grinding, drilling or cutting emulsion, with a pH between 8 and 9.
  • An emulsion is prepared as described in Example 1, 3 parts by weight of amino soap being added to the starting mixture with stirring.
  • the emulsion made with amino acid was also suitable for use as a drilling, grinding or cutting aid.
  • An emulsion was prepared as described in Example 2, except that 0.5-2% by weight sodium soap was added to the starting mixture.
  • An emulsion was prepared as described in Example 1 or 2, with 0.5-2% by weight potassium soap being additionally added to the starting mixture.
  • Example 1 The emulsion of Example 1 was diluted 35 times with water for use as a cutting oil, this diluted emulsion having a pH of 10. A circular saw with a circular saw blade of 15 mm in diameter was used. When using the emulsion according to the invention, the separating sheet had to be replaced after 2800 separations.
  • a comparison test with a conventional cutting oil showed that the circular saw blade had to be replaced after 1,200 separations. It was also observed that the machine ran less smoothly and smoothly than when the emulsion according to the invention was used as the cutting oil.
  • a 3% mixture of the emulsion of Example 2 in water with a pH between 8 and 9 was used as the drilling emulsion in a radial drilling machine.
  • the drilling machine is working satisfactorily, in particular no rust formation has been observed on the metal parts which came into contact with the drilling emulsion. No sticking of the machine or parts was observed.
  • the emulsion according to the invention is suitable as a drilling emulsion.
  • Example 2 A 3% mixture of the emulsion of Example 1, diluted 35 times with water, was used in an MSO grinding machine.
  • the emulsion according to the invention is suitable as a grinding emulsion.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Kühlemulsion, insbesondere zum Einsatz als Bohr-, Schneid- und Schleifhilfsmittel in der metallverarbeitenden Industrie, bei dem an sich wasserunlösliche organische Substanzen in Wasser emulgiert werden, sowie die Verwendung der nach dem Verfahren hergestellten Kühlemulsion.The invention relates to a method for producing a cooling emulsion, in particular for use as drilling, cutting and grinding aids in the metalworking industry, in which water-insoluble organic substances are emulsified in water, and to the use of the cooling emulsion produced by the method.

Bohr-, Schneid- und Schleifemulsionen werden allgemein zur Kühlung von Sägen, Schleifgeräten, Bohrmaschinen und ähnlichem eingesetzt, um die beim Bearbeiten von Werkstücken auftretende Wärme abzuführen und dadurch einen erhöhten Verschleiß der Werkzeuge, welcher bei übermäßiger Erhitzung derselben auftritt, zu vermeiden. Bisher wurden zu diesem Zweck sogenannte Bohröle eingesetzt, die im wesentlichen wasserlöslich gemachte Mineralöle waren. Die Wasserlöslichkeit der Mineralöle wird meist dadurch erreicht, daß eine Mischung Harzöl, Olein oder ähnlichem so lange mit Natronlauge versetzt wird, bis sich das Endprodukt glatt mit Wasser emulgieren läßt. Anstelle der Mineralöle werden auch Sulfidablaugen, Teeröle und Altöle eingesetzt, welche im wesentlichen nach dem gleichen Verfahren wasserlöslich gemacht werden. Derartigen Produkten werden häufig noch desinfizierende und rostverhütende Anteile wie Nitrit, Chromverbindungen oder andere Stoffe zugemischt.Drilling, cutting and grinding emulsions are generally used to cool saws, grinders, drills and the like in order to dissipate the heat that occurs when machining workpieces and thereby avoid increased wear on the tools, which occurs when the workpieces are excessively heated. So far so-called drilling oils have been used for this purpose, which were essentially water-solubilized mineral oils. The water solubility of the mineral oils is usually achieved by adding sodium hydroxide solution to a mixture of resin oil, olein or the like until the end product can be smoothly emulsified with water. Instead of the mineral oils, sulfide leachate, tar oils and waste oils are also used, which are made water-soluble essentially using the same process. Such products are often mixed with disinfectant and rust-preventing components such as nitrite, chromium compounds or other substances.

Die derart hergestellten Produkte sind zwar als Kühlemulsionen geeignet, besitzen jedoch den Nachteil, hautschädigend zu sein. Die Hautschäden können in Form der sogenannten « Bohröl-krätze » bis zur Invalidität des die Werkzeuge bedienenden Facharbeiters führen. Ein weiterer Nachteil derartiger Bohröle besteht darin, daß sie aufgrund der strengen Umweltgesetze in Abfackelungsanlagen nach Verbrauch vernichtet werden müssen oder die Vorfluter von Abwasseranlagen unerwünscht überlasten, da diese Bohröle nach dem Stand der Technik nicht biologisch abbaubar sind.Although the products produced in this way are suitable as cooling emulsions, they have the disadvantage of being damaging to the skin. The skin damage in the form of the so-called "drilling oil scabies" can lead to the disability of the skilled worker operating the tools. Another disadvantage of such drilling oils is that they have to be destroyed due to the strict environmental laws in flaring plants after consumption or undesirably overload the receiving waters of sewage plants, since these drilling oils are not biodegradable according to the prior art.

Dem gegenüber liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bohröls bzw. ein Bohröl zu schaffen, dessen Verwendung keine Hautschäden hervorruft, welches zur Vermeidung von Abfallproblemen biologisch abbaubar ist, sowie eine gute Wärmeableitung zur Erzielung einer hohen Lebensdauer der Werkzeuge, bei deren Gebrauch es eingesetzt wird, zu erzielen.In contrast, the invention has for its object to provide a method for producing a drilling oil or a drilling oil, the use of which does not cause skin damage, which is biodegradable to avoid waste problems, and good heat dissipation to achieve a long service life of the tools whose use it is used to achieve.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß zunächst eine Mischung aus etwa 3 bis 15 Gew.-% Naturwachs(en) tierischen und/ oder pflanzlichen Ursprungs, 0,1 bis 0,45 Gew.-% eines nicht-ionischen Tensids, Rest zu etwa 50 Gew.-% aus Wasser, zu etwa 37,5 Gew.-% aus Di-Ethanolamin(en) und zu etwa 12,5 Gew.-% aus Tri-Ethanolamin(en) bestehendes wäßriges Di/tri-Entanolgemisch, hergestellt, als dann die Mischung unter Umrühren zum Sieden gebracht, nach Dispersion des Wachsanteils unter Rühren auf eine Umsetztemperatur abgekühlt wird und nach erfolgter Aminierung des Wachsanteils durch das Di/Tri-Ethanolgemisch auf Verwendungstemperatur heruntergekühlt wird.The object is achieved according to the invention in that initially a mixture of about 3 to 15% by weight of natural wax (s) of animal and / or vegetable origin, 0.1 to 0.45% by weight of a nonionic surfactant, the rest about 50% by weight of water, about 37.5% by weight of diethanolamine (s) and about 12.5% by weight of triethanolamine (s), aqueous di / tri-entanol mixture, prepared, then the mixture is brought to a boil with stirring, after dispersion of the wax portion is cooled to a reaction temperature with stirring and after amination of the wax portion by the di / tri-ethanol mixture is cooled down to the use temperature.

Ferner bezieht sich die Erfindung auf die Verwendung der nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Kühlemulsion in ungefähr 2,5-5 %iger (Gew.-%) wässriger Lösung mit einem pH-Wert von 8-9 als Bohr-, Schneid- oder Schleifhilfsmittel.The invention further relates to the use of the cooling emulsion produced by the process according to the invention in approximately 2.5-5% (wt.%) Aqueous solution with a pH of 8-9 as drilling, cutting or grinding aid.

Es wurde festgestellt, daß alle nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Emulsionen von guter Hautverträglichkeit sind und nicht zu der befürchteten Bohröl-Krätze führen. Es konnte sogar gefunden werden, daß bei Facharbeitern, die mit derartigen Bohrölen in Berührung kommen, ein Abklingen der Krätze-Symptome auftrat, wenn statt der üblichen Bohröle das erfindungsgemäße Bohröl eingesetzt wurde. Bei allen Versuchspersonen zeigte sich eine auffällige Besserung der Hautschädigungen bereits nach zwei Tagen, nachdem das erfindungsgemäße Bohröl anstatt herkömmlicher eingesetzt worden war. Sogar in einem Fall schwerer Nagelbettentzündung an allen Fingern beider Hände konnte nach einiger Zeit der Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Emulsion ein völliges Abheilen der Entzündung beobachtet werden.It was found that all emulsions produced by the process according to the invention are well tolerated by the skin and do not lead to the feared drilling oil scabies. It could even be found that skilled workers who come into contact with such drilling oils experienced a reduction in the symptoms of scabies when the drilling oil according to the invention was used instead of the usual drilling oils. All of the test subjects showed a noticeable improvement in skin damage after only two days after the drilling oil according to the invention had been used instead of the conventional one. Even in one case of severe nail bed inflammation on all fingers of both hands, a complete healing of the inflammation was observed after using the emulsion according to the invention for some time.

Außer diesem physiologischen Effekt zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Kühlemulsion auch in ihrer Wirkungsweise als Bohröl bessere Eigenschaften als bisher bekannte Emulsionen. Die Bohr-, Schneid- und Schleifemulsionen besitzen eine überdurchschnittliche Wärmeableitfähigkeit, so daß eine rasche Abkühlung der Arbeitsstelle durch Wärmeabgabe an die Gesamtkühlflüssigkeit im Vorratsbehälter bewirkt. Ferner konnte beobachtet werden, daß beispielsweise die Schnittflächen bei Gußeisen (Grauguß) glattere Schnittflächen bei Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Schneidemulsion aufweisen, als bisher mit herkömmlichen erreicht werden konnten, wobei überraschenderweise eine geringere Abnutzung der Werkzeuge beobachtet werden konnte. Dies könnte auch auf die hervorragenden Gleiteigenschaften der erfindungsgemäßen Emulsion zurückzuführen sein, da bereits bei dem Einsatz in Werkzeugmaschinen anhand des ruhigen Laufes eine Verbesserung der Arbeitsweise gegenüber derjenigen mit bekannten Bohrölen festgestellt werden kann. Schließlich ist die erfindungsgemäße Emulsion antikorrosiv und führt bei den bearbeiteten Gegenständen nicht zum Auftreten von Oxidationen.In addition to this physiological effect, the cooling emulsion according to the invention also has better properties than previously known emulsions in its mode of action as drilling oil. The drilling, cutting and grinding emulsions have an above-average heat dissipation, so that a rapid cooling of the work place by heat dissipation to the total coolant in the reservoir causes. It was also observed that, for example, the cut surfaces in cast iron (gray cast iron) have smoother cut surfaces when using the cutting emulsion according to the invention than could previously be achieved with conventional ones, surprisingly less wear on the tools being observed. This could also be attributed to the excellent sliding properties of the emulsion according to the invention, since even when used in machine tools, an improvement in the method of operation compared to that with known drilling oils can be determined on the basis of the smooth running. Finally, the emulsion according to the invention is anti-corrosive and does not lead to the occurrence of oxidation in the processed objects.

Abweichungen in der Zusammensetzung der Konzentration, insbesondere eine Verringerung des Gehaltes der erfindungsgemäßen Bohremulsionen führt zu erhöhtem Verschleiß der Werkzeuge, schlechterer Wärmeableitung, zerrissenen Schnittflächen, sowie am Werkstück häufig zu Materialbruch.Deviations in the composition of the concentration, in particular a reduction in the content of the drilling emulsions according to the invention leads to increased wear of the tools, poorer heat dissipation, and zer cracked cut surfaces, as well as material breakage on the workpiece.

Falls die erfindungsgemäße Konzentration überschritten wird, tritt nachteiligerweise ein Verkleben von abgehobenen Spänen oder des Schleifstaubes ein, während die Schleifscheiben schließen und nach kurzem Arbeitsvorgang ausgewechselt werden müssen.If the concentration according to the invention is exceeded, the removal of chips or the grinding dust disadvantageously occurs while the grinding wheels close and have to be replaced after a short operation.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Bohr-, Schneid- und Schleifemulsionen besteht darin, daß sie vollständig biologisch abbaubar sind und daher das bisher notwendige Sammeln und Vernichten der verbrauchten Bohröle in einer Abfackelungsanlage entfällt. Stattdessen können verbrauchte Bohremulsionen einfach in die Abwasseranlagen abgeleitet werden, in welchen sie ohne Belastung der Vorfluter von Abwasseranlagen verarbeitet werden können.Another advantage of the drilling, cutting and grinding emulsions according to the invention is that they are completely biodegradable and therefore the previously necessary collection and destruction of the used drilling oils in a flaring system is eliminated. Instead, used drilling emulsions can simply be discharged into the sewage systems, in which they can be processed without affecting the receiving water of sewage systems.

Üblicherweise werden im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren organische und/oder pflanzliche Wachse, bevorzugt aus Pflanzen der Gattung Copernicia mit einem Zusatz eines handelsüblichen Emulgators, vorzugsweise eines nichtionischen, verarbeitet wird. Dabei werden etwa 1 bis 3 Gew.-Teile pro 10 bis 15 Gewichtsteilen Wachs eingesetzt. Ferner werden 41 Gewichtsteile eines DiITri-Ethanolgemisches, sowie ein antikorrosives metallbenetzendes Desinfektionsmittel mit bakteriziden und fungiziden Eigenschaften, welche das Wachstum von Virusarten, Salmonellen, Klebsiellen und anderen Problemkeimen verhindern, zugesetzt. Bevorzugt wird etwa 1 bis 2 Gew.-% Konservierungsmittel der Gesamtformulierung eingesetzt. Ferner kann ein Zitronenschalenauszug mit hautschonenden Eigenschaften bis zu 1 % der Gesamtformulierung untergemischt werden.Organic and / or vegetable waxes, preferably from plants of the Copernicia genus with an addition of a commercially available emulsifier, preferably a nonionic, are usually processed in the process according to the invention. About 1 to 3 parts by weight are used per 10 to 15 parts by weight of wax. In addition, 41 parts by weight of a DiITri-ethanol mixture, and an anticorrosive metal-wetting disinfectant with bactericidal and fungicidal properties which prevent the growth of virus types, salmonella, adhesives and other problem germs are added. About 1 to 2% by weight of preservative of the overall formulation is preferably used. In addition, a lemon peel extract with skin-protecting properties can be mixed in up to 1% of the total formulation.

Üblicherweise wird eine erfindungsgemäße Emulsion dadurch hergestellt, daß Wachs, Emulgator, Di- und Tri-Ethanolamine zusammen erhitzt und nach Auflösung des Wachsanteiles unter Rühren bis zum Umschlagspunkt abgekühlt werden. Üblicherweise liegt die Umschlagstemperatur im Bereich von etwa 84-93 °C.An emulsion according to the invention is usually prepared by heating the wax, emulsifier, di- and tri-ethanolamines together and, after dissolving the wax fraction, cooling with stirring to the point of transition. The transition temperature is usually in the range of about 84-93 ° C.

Nach Abkühlen der Emulsion und Erreichen der Stabilität bei etwa 50 °C wird Konservierungsmittel und gegebenenfalls Zitronenschalenauszug zugefügt.After the emulsion has cooled and stability has been reached at about 50 ° C., preservative and, if necessary, lemon peel extract are added.

Diese derart erhaltene Emulsion wird zum Gebrauch als Schleif-, Bohr- oder Schneidhilfsmittel auf das 20- bis 30fache verdünnt.This emulsion obtained in this way is diluted 20 to 30 times for use as a grinding, drilling or cutting aid.

Diese Verdünnung kann gegebenenfalls erst am Einsatzort mittels Wasser erfolgen.This dilution can, if necessary, only be carried out using water at the place of use.

Als Di-Triethanolgemisch wird überlicherweise ein handelsübliches Gemisch verwandt, welches aus 75 Teilen Di- und 25 Teilen Tri-Ethanolamin besteht und sich in 50 %iger wässriger Lösung befindet. Die Wachsanteile der erfindungsgemäßen Emulsion sollten zwischen etwa 10 bis 15 % liegen.A commercially available mixture which consists of 75 parts of di- and 25 parts of tri-ethanolamine and is in 50% aqueous solution is usually used as the di-triethanol mixture. The wax content of the emulsion according to the invention should be between about 10 to 15%.

Als Konservierungsmittel wird bevorzugt eine wässrige Lösung von Dioktylaminoäthylglyzinlaktat und Alkylaminoäthylglyzin-Hydrochlorid, wie es von der Firma Goldschmidt, Essen/Ruhr, Goldschmidtstraße unter dem Warenzeichen « TEGO vertrieben wird.The preferred preservative is an aqueous solution of dioctylaminoethylglycine lactate and alkylaminoethylglycine hydrochloride, as sold by Goldschmidt, Essen / Ruhr, Goldschmidtstrasse under the trademark "TEGO".

Die weiteren Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen und aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung in der Ausführungsbeispiele erläutert sind.The further features and advantages of the invention result from the claims and from the following description in which exemplary embodiments are explained.

Beispiel 1example 1

10 Gewichtsteile eines pflanzlichen Wachses, gewonnen aus Pflanzen der Gattung Copernicia, werden mit 82 Gewichtsteilen einer Mischung bestehend aus 50 Gewichtsprozent H20, 12,5 Gew.-% Tri-Ethanolamin und 37,5 Gew.-% Di-Ethanolamin, sowie 0,1 Gew.-Teilen Kokosfettsäurediethanolamid als Emulgator unter Rühren zum Sieden gebracht und nach Auflösen des Wachses bei Siedetemperatur der Mischung unter weiterem Rühren bis zum Umschlagspunkt im Bereich bei 90 °C abgekühlt. Sodann werden zwei Gewichtsteile eines handelsüblichen Konservierungsmittel, einer Mischung aus Di-oktylamino- äthylglycinlaktat und Alkylaminoäthylglycinhydrochlorid untergeführt.10 parts by weight of a vegetable wax, obtained from plants of the genus Copernicia, are mixed with 82 parts by weight of a mixture consisting of 50% by weight of H 2 O, 12.5% by weight of tri-ethanolamine and 37.5% by weight of di-ethanolamine 0.1 part by weight of coconut fatty acid diethanolamide as an emulsifier is brought to the boil with stirring and, after dissolving the wax at the boiling point of the mixture, the mixture is cooled to the transition point in the range at 90 ° C. with further stirring. Then two parts by weight of a commercially available preservative, a mixture of di-octylaminoethylglycine lactate and alkylaminoethylglycine hydrochloride are introduced.

Diese Emulsion kann als Konzentrat für die Herstellung von Schneid-, Bohr- oder Schleifemulsionen eingesetzt werden.This emulsion can be used as a concentrate for the production of cutting, drilling or grinding emulsions.

Beispiel 2Example 2

15 Gewichtsteile eines Wachses werden mit 80 Gewichtsteilen einer Mischung, bestehend aus 50 Gew.-% H20, 12,5 % Tri-Ethanolamin und 37,5 Gew.-% Di-Ethanolamin und 0,1 Gew.-% eines handelsüblichen, nichtionischen Emulgators zum Sieden gebracht und nach vollständiger Aminierung auf eine Temperatur von 50 °C abgekühlt. Anschließend wird ein handelsübliches Konservierungsmittel mit 1 % der Gesamtmischung zugesetzt. Diese Emulsion kann zur Verwendung als Schleif-, Bohr- oder Schneidemulsion mit Wasser mit zum 35fachen verdünnt werden, wobei sich ein pH-Wert zwischen 8 und 9 einstellt.15 parts by weight of a wax are mixed with 80 parts by weight of a mixture consisting of 50% by weight of H 2 O, 12.5% of tri-ethanolamine and 37.5% by weight of di-ethanolamine and 0.1% by weight of a commercially available , nonionic emulsifier boiled and cooled to a temperature of 50 ° C after complete amination. A commercially available preservative is then added with 1% of the total mixture. This emulsion can be diluted 35 times with water for use as a grinding, drilling or cutting emulsion, with a pH between 8 and 9.

Beispiel 3Example 3

Eine Emulsion wird, wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben, hergestellt, wobei 3 Gewichtsteile Aminoseife unter Rühren zur Ausgangsmischung zugefügt werden. Die mit Aminosäure hergestellte Emulsion eignete sich verdünnt ebenfalls zum Einsatz als Bohr-, Schleif- oder Schneidhilfsmittel.An emulsion is prepared as described in Example 1, 3 parts by weight of amino soap being added to the starting mixture with stirring. The emulsion made with amino acid was also suitable for use as a drilling, grinding or cutting aid.

Beispiel 4Example 4

Eine Emulsion wurde, wie in Beispiel 2 beschrieben, hergestellt, wobei jedoch 0,5-2 Gew.-% Natriumseife der Ausgangsmischung zugesetzt wurden.An emulsion was prepared as described in Example 2, except that 0.5-2% by weight sodium soap was added to the starting mixture.

Beispiel 5Example 5

Eine Emulsion wurde, wie in Beispiel 1 oder 2 beschrieben, hergestellt, wobei 0,5-2 Gew.-% Kaliumseife zusätzlich der Ausgangsmischung zugesetzt wurden.An emulsion was prepared as described in Example 1 or 2, with 0.5-2% by weight potassium soap being additionally added to the starting mixture.

Beispiel 6Example 6

Die Emulsion des Beispiels 1 wurde zum Einsatz als Schneidöl auf das 35fache mit Wasser verdünnt, wobei diese verdünnte Emulsion einen pH-Wert von 10 aufwies. Es wurde eine Kreissäge mit einem Kreissägeblatt von 15 mm Durchmesser eingesetzt. Bei Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Emulsion mußte das Trennblatt nach 2800 Trennungen ausgewechselt werden.The emulsion of Example 1 was diluted 35 times with water for use as a cutting oil, this diluted emulsion having a pH of 10. A circular saw with a circular saw blade of 15 mm in diameter was used. When using the emulsion according to the invention, the separating sheet had to be replaced after 2800 separations.

Ein Vergleichsversuch mit einem herkömmlichen Schneidöl zeigte, daß das Kreissägeblatt bereits nach 1 200 Trennungen ausgewechselt werden mußte. Ferner wurde beobachtet, daß die Maschine weniger gleichmäßig und ruhig als bei Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Emulsion als Schneidöl lief.A comparison test with a conventional cutting oil showed that the circular saw blade had to be replaced after 1,200 separations. It was also observed that the machine ran less smoothly and smoothly than when the emulsion according to the invention was used as the cutting oil.

Beispiel 7Example 7

Eine 3 %ige Mischung der Emulsion des Beispieles 2 in Wasser mit einem pH-Wert zwischen 8 und 9 wurde als Bohremulsion in einer Radialbohrmaschine eingesetzt.A 3% mixture of the emulsion of Example 2 in water with a pH between 8 and 9 was used as the drilling emulsion in a radial drilling machine.

Die Bohrmaschine arbeitet zufriedenstellend, es wurde insbesondere keine Rostbildung an den Metallteilen becbachtet, die mit der Bohremulsion in Berührung kamen. Ein Verkleben der Maschine oder von Teilen wurde nicht beobachtet. Die erfindungsgemäße Emulsion eignet sich als Bohremulsion.The drilling machine is working satisfactorily, in particular no rust formation has been observed on the metal parts which came into contact with the drilling emulsion. No sticking of the machine or parts was observed. The emulsion according to the invention is suitable as a drilling emulsion.

Beispiel 8Example 8

Eine 3 %ige Mischung der Emulsion des Beispieles 1, mit Wasser auf das 35fache verdünnt, wurde in einer aus MSO-Schleifmaschine eingesetzt.A 3% mixture of the emulsion of Example 1, diluted 35 times with water, was used in an MSO grinding machine.

Es wurde beobachtet, daß die Schleifscheibe offen blieb, die Teile nicht verklebten und der Schleifstaub sich gut absetzte. Es wurde keine Rostbildung an Metallteilen beobachtet, Hautunverträglichkeiten beim Bedienungspersonal blieben aus.It was observed that the grinding wheel remained open, the parts did not stick together and the grinding dust settled well. No rust formation was observed on metal parts, skin incompatibility among the operating personnel was absent.

Die erfindungsgemäße Emulsion eignet sich als Schleifemulsion.The emulsion according to the invention is suitable as a grinding emulsion.

Bei den Emulsionen der Beispiele 1 bis 5 wurde jeweils 1 Gew.-% öliger Zitronenschalenauszug zugesetzt, welcher einen hautschonenden Effekt besitzt.In the emulsions of Examples 1 to 5, 1% by weight of oily lemon peel extract was added, which has a gentle effect on the skin.

Die Eigenschaften als Bohr-, Schleif- oder Trennemulsion wurden durch diesen hautschonenden Zusatz nicht verschlechtert.The properties as drilling, grinding or separating emulsion were not impaired by this skin-protecting additive.

Die in der vorstehenden Beschreibung sowie in den Ansprüchen offenbarten Merkmale der Erfindung können sowohl einzeln als auch in beliebiger Kombination für die Verwirklichung der Erfindung in ihren verschiedenen Ausführungsformen wesentlich sein.The features of the invention disclosed in the above description and in the claims can be essential both individually and in any combination for realizing the invention in its various embodiments.

Claims (15)

1. A process for the preparation of a coolant emulsion, more particularly for use as a boring or drilling, cutting and grinding coolant in the metalworking industry, in which organic substances which are of themselves water-insoluble are emulsified in water, characterised in that a mixture is first made from about 3 to 15 % by weight of natural wax(es) of animal and/or vegetable origin, 0.1 to 0.45 % by weight of a non-ionic surfactant, remainder an aqueous di/tri-ethanol mixture consisting of about 50 % by weight of water, about 37.5 % of di-ethanolamine(s) and about 12.5 % by weight of tri-ethanolamine(s), the mixture is then boiled with stirring, the wax fraction is dispersed and the mixture cooled with stirring to a reaction temperature, the wax fraction is aminated by the di/tri-ethanol mixture, and then the mixture is cooled to the temperature of use.
2. A process according to claim 1, characterised in that the initial mixture contains 3 to 6 % by weight of natural wax(es).
3. A process according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the emulsifier used is an ammo- soap of the stearic fatty acid triethanol amide type with 6-10 % free amine.
4. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that after dispersion of the wax fraction the mixture is cooled to a reaction temperature of about 84 to 93 °C.
5. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the mixture is kept at the reaction temperature for a period of about 10-20 minutes.
6. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that on completion of the reaction the mixture is first cooled to a temperature of about 50°C, whereupon further additives are added, and only then is the mixture cooled to the temperature of use.
7. A process according to claim 6, characterised in that one of the other additives is a disinfectant anticorrosive metal-wetting preservative in a proportion of about 1 to 2 % by weight based on the total mixture.
8. A process according to claim 7, characterised in that the preservative used is a mixture of dioctyl aminoethyl glycerin lactate and alkylamino ethyl glycine hydrochloride.
9. A process according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterised in that another additive used is an oily lemon peel extract in a proportion of about 1 % by weight based on the total mixture.
10. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pH of the coolant emulsion is adjusted to about 10-11.
11. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that 5 to 10 % by weight of oil(s), preferably of vegetable origin, are added to the mixture.
12. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that 1 to 3 % by weight of amino soap(s) are added to the mixture.
13. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that 0.5 to 2 % by weight of sodium and/or potassium soaps are added to the mixture.
14. Use of the coolant emulsion prepared by the process according to any one of the preceding claims, in an approximately 2.5 to 5 % (by weight) aqueous solution with a pH of 8-9, as a drilling or boring, cutting or grinding coolant.
15. Use according to claim 14, characterised in that the aqueous solution contains about 3 % by weight of coolant emulsion.
EP82102703A 1981-04-04 1982-03-31 Process for the preparation of a cooling emulsion, and its application Expired EP0062292B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82102703T ATE17594T1 (en) 1981-04-04 1982-03-31 METHOD OF MAKING AND USE OF A COOLING EMULSION.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3113724 1981-04-04
DE3113724 1981-04-04
DE3132886 1981-08-20
DE3132886 1981-08-20

Publications (3)

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EP0062292A2 EP0062292A2 (en) 1982-10-13
EP0062292A3 EP0062292A3 (en) 1983-03-16
EP0062292B1 true EP0062292B1 (en) 1986-01-22

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EP (1) EP0062292B1 (en)
BR (1) BR8201867A (en)
CA (1) CA1181735A (en)
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ES (1) ES8307283A1 (en)

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DE3332584A1 (en) * 1983-09-09 1985-03-28 BIO-IMPEX Meinhardt GmbH, 5419 Herschbach USE OF WOOL GREASE AND DRILL GRINDING OR CUTTING EMULSION
CA1290316C (en) * 1985-06-27 1991-10-08 Alain Louis Pierre Lenack Aqueous fluids
US4915859A (en) * 1988-09-16 1990-04-10 Nalco Chemical Company Micro-emulsion drawing fluids for steel and aluminum
US5209860A (en) * 1991-08-02 1993-05-11 Nalco Chemical Company Acrylate polymer-fatty triglyceride aqueous dispersion prelubes for all metals
WO2011111064A1 (en) 2010-03-08 2011-09-15 Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Composition of semi - synthetic, bio -stable soluble cutting oil.

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US20361A (en) * 1858-05-25 Steaw-ctjtter
USRE20361E (en) 1937-05-11 Frocess of producing emulsions
US2524017A (en) * 1950-09-26 Metalworking lubricant
US1948194A (en) * 1931-11-17 1934-02-20 Ironsides Company Metal-forming lubricants
GB473056A (en) * 1936-01-31 1937-09-30 Robert Case Williams Improvements in lubricating emulsions
US2346124A (en) * 1939-12-08 1944-04-04 Du Pont Bullet lubrication
US2259466A (en) * 1940-01-24 1941-10-21 Emulsol Corp Emulsion
DE1043561B (en) * 1956-11-16 1958-11-13 Stockhausen & Cie Chem Fab Aqueous solutions or emulsions for the non-cutting cold forming of metals
DE1210296B (en) * 1958-04-24 1966-02-03 Heintz Mfg Company Means and processes for treating metals for cold working
US3023163A (en) * 1959-02-18 1962-02-27 Montgomery H A Co Drawing lubricant coating composition
DE1266430B (en) * 1961-04-26 1968-04-18 Mobil Oil Corp Aqueous coolant and lubricant for metal cutting
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SU478056A1 (en) * 1970-12-14 1975-07-25 Опытно-Экспериментальный Завод N 20 Гражданской Авиации Lubricant for cutting metals
DE2434669C3 (en) * 1973-11-07 1982-03-18 Cincinnati Milacron Inc., 45209 Cincinnati, Ohio Lubricants and coolants and their use for drawing and smoothing sheet metal
IT1094963B (en) * 1978-03-31 1985-08-10 C O I L Consultancy On Ind Lub LUBRICANT COMPOSITION FOR METAL WORKING

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US4440654A (en) 1984-04-03
BR8201867A (en) 1983-03-08
ES511120A0 (en) 1983-06-16
DE3268625D1 (en) 1986-03-06
EP0062292A3 (en) 1983-03-16
EP0062292A2 (en) 1982-10-13
CA1181735A (en) 1985-01-29
ES8307283A1 (en) 1983-06-16

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