EP0061590A1 - Ski brake - Google Patents

Abstract

This ski brake has a base plate (2 or 2 ') and a tread plate (5 - 5 <VI>) articulated on it by means of a transverse axis (4) and in the action of a positioning spring, in or on which two brake mandrels (6 or . 6 ') with their cranked sections (6c, 6'c) are pivotally mounted about their axes. In order to achieve a simple and reliable function of the ski brake, each brake mandrel (6 or 6 ') is pivoted either by means of a steep thread (6d) cut into its cranked section (6c), which has an internal thread of a step plate-fixed or opposite Tread plate (5 - 5 <V>) displaceable component (8 - 8 <V>) is engaged, or by means of a helical, 90 ° extending slot (38) in which the transverse section (6 ' b) the brake mandrel (6 ') is guided.

Description

The invention relates to a ski brake with a base plate to be fastened to the ski and with a step plate articulated on it by means of a transverse axis and acting under the action of a positioning spring, in or on the two brake mandrels with their cranked, opposite, and arranged parallel to the brake blades Sections around the axes of which are pivotally mounted in at least two bearings or bearing blocks.

The known ski brakes of this type (see DE-OS 30 40 920) were somewhat complicated in their construction in that a total of four resilient elements were required to move and return the two brake mandrels about their axes. Furthermore, the pivoting was brought about by the fact that extensions of the sections of the two brake mandrels mounted in the tread plate came to rest on leaf springs or resilient flaps which were pivoted against the tread plate when the tread plate was depressed and thereby rotated the named sections by a predetermined angle. However, this had the disadvantage that when the two extensions or the flaps were worn, the swivel angle of the brake mandrels changed, so that the brake vanes sometimes no longer in the area above the top of the ski between the two narrow side surfaces of the ski during prolonged use in the downhill position came to a standstill, which could lead to a disability of the skier.

The invention aims to eliminate these disadvantages and to create a ski brake of the type mentioned fen, in which each brake blade covers a precisely defined swivel angle even after prolonged use, and in which, in the event of a bending of the brake mandrel, the start of the swiveling process can be changed within certain limits.

This aim is achieved according to the invention in particular in that each brake mandrel is either provided with a steep thread over part of its cranked section, which is attached to or tapped in the tread plate itself of the tread plate or in a nut secured against rotation relative to the tread plate and in Nut adjustable in the direction of its axis engages, or that on or in the tread plate two helical slots, 90 ° extending slots are recessed or helical surfaces are provided, in or on which the transverse sections of the cranks of the two brake mandrels are guided.

Of course, the nuts on both brake mandrels can be moved independently of one another. However, in order to simplify the construction of the ski brake, the invention further provides that the two nuts assigned to the brake mandrels are connected to one another by a cross member, which is preferably under the influence of a spring acting in the longitudinal direction of the tread plate, for example a helical compression spring, and possibly by this is pressed against at least one stop provided on the tread plate. The axial adjustment of the two nuts can take place, for example, in that the cross part is provided on its side facing the base plate with a control cam or edge, and in that a control cam is attached to the base plate, on which the cross part by means of its control cam or edge is supportable. In this way, the displacement of the nuts and thus the pivot angle of the brake mandrels on the one hand by the stop or stops and on the other hand by the defines the point at which the control edge of the cross piece rests on the control cam when the step plate is depressed.

According to another proposal according to the invention, the displacement of the two nuts takes place in that a flap is articulated at the free end of the tread plate, and in that this flap carries a control cam which runs in the direction of the ski and which, with a bevelled surface, bears against a control edge or - curve of the cross member is determined. The flap can be arranged on the underside of the tread plate and - in the pivoted-down position of the tread plate - can be supported with one end on the base plate or on the top of the ski, or the flap, which under the influence of one against a stop pressing spring, can, at least in the braking position, push through a recess in the tread plate with its control cam and, when the tread plate is swung down, can be pivoted towards the cross section by the user's ski boots.

In this context, it should be pointed out that the idea of providing tread plates for ski brakes with a flap that is under the influence of a spring is already known, as DE-OS 29 01 900 shows. However, no nuts are provided in the known ski brake for adjusting the brake blades into their position between the ski side surfaces. Rather, the brake blades sit on a multi-cranked bracket made of spring wire, which is bent in the middle area like a lyre. This central area is assigned a wedge-shaped cam which is fastened to the side of the flap facing the tread plate and which, when the tread plate is depressed, extends the two legs of the lyra-shaped section pushes each other. As a result, the two brake blades are pivoted towards the longitudinal plane of the ski. The known ski brake therefore has a different mode of operation than that according to the invention according to the last discussed embodiments.

In a further solution according to the invention, the two nuts with steep thread are displaced in that at least one pair of toggle levers is arranged on the underside of the tread plate, of which one lever is articulated on the free end of the tread plate, the other lever is articulated on the cross part or on the nut and whose knee joint comes to rest on the base plate or on the top of the ski when the step plate is swung down, when the foot is depressed it shifts the cross section against the action of the springs towards the transverse axis. In this embodiment, the force with which the two brake blades are pressed into their driving position is particularly large due to the toggle action.

Another possibility according to the invention for adjusting the two nuts along the brake mandrel sections is that the cranked section of each brake mandrel in the pedestal on the tread plate can be pivoted in a normal plane to this in a predetermined range such that a spring, e.g., between this pedestal and the nut a helical compression spring is arranged, and that each nut on the side remote from the transverse axis of the tread plate has a transverse control surface, preferably inclined at an angle to the brake arbor axis, which is assigned a corresponding control surface on the tread plate, the two of them when the tread plate is depressed Slide the control surfaces together and push each nut back against the force of the associated spring towards the tread plate and its transverse axis, which means that the two brake mandrels swivel in simultaneously inside the top of the ski. In this version, so to speak Depressing the pedal plate between the nut and the step plate a rt _A wedge effect caused by which the ski boot originating from the adjusting force is considerably increased.

In this embodiment, according to a further feature of the invention, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if each nut has a cam-shaped shoulder on the end carrying the control surface, which shoulder is intended to rest on the base plate or on the top of the ski. With this approach, the intended adjustment path of the two nuts is reliably maintained even if certain signs of wear have already occurred on the base plate or on the top of the ski as a result of use.

However, it is not absolutely necessary that only the nuts are adjusted in the longitudinal direction of the sections of the brake mandrels which bear the steep threads and are secured against displacement in order to pivot the two brake blades inwards. Rather, a contrary solution can also be implemented. A further construction of a ski brake according to the invention is characterized in that the two nuts are fastened to the underside of the tread plate, and that the two brake mandrels are also axially displaceable relative to the tread plate and in one area in the region of their ends mounted under or in the tread plate slidable cross member are secured against axial displacement, which carries a control edge or curve on its side surface facing the nuts. This control edge or curve is assigned a control cam, which can be arranged on the base plate, for example. However, it is also possible to attach the control cam to a lever instead of the base plate, the pivot axis of which is formed by the transverse axis of the tread plate.

In a further exemplary embodiment according to the invention, nuts and brake pins are simultaneously adjusted in opposite directions. This is done in that an arc-shaped leaf spring is provided for each brake mandrel or for both brake mandrels, of the two ends projecting upwards in the braking position, one on the associated nut or on a cross member connecting the two nuts, on the other hand on a support body attacks which, like the nut (s) on the tread plate is guided in its longitudinal direction, but is secured against rotation.

It has proven to be particularly expedient if the bent portion of each brake mandrel is rotatably mounted in the support body, but is secured against axial displacement. This design has the advantage that, due to the opposing adjustment of the support body and nut, the swivel angle of the tread plate required for pivoting the two brake blades against the central longitudinal plane of the ski is approximately halved with the same pitch of the steep thread.

However, there is also the possibility of providing a threaded hole in the support body for each brake mandrel, which is in engagement with an opposing thread of the cranked section of the brake mandrel. Although this design improves the power transmission from the tread plate to the two brake mandrels when they are transferred to the driving position, the construction is somewhat more complex in that both threaded sections of a brake mandrel must have different diameters in order to be able to unscrew the two nuts do. Another solution would be to deform the brake mandrels only when at least the nut adjacent to the transverse axis has already been screwed on. This could maintain a uniform diameter of the brake mandrels.

Another ski brake according to the invention is characterized in that the two nuts are fastened to the underside of the tread plate near its transverse axis, that a spring acts on the cranked section of each brake mandrel, which tries to push the section against the transverse axis, and that Control mechanism is provided which pushes back each brake mandrel immediately before the tread plate rests on the base plate or on the top of the ski against the force of the spring. This version has the advantage over the ski brakes dealt with first that each brake mandrel is held in the immediate vicinity of its transverse section connecting the two parallel sections, which significantly reduces the torsion angle with the same torque acting on the brake blade and the same mandrel diameter .

There are various possibilities for the configuration of the control mechanism according to the invention. In one of these, the spring is designed as a compression spring, which is supported on the one hand on an extension of the tread plate and on the other hand on a spring plate attached to the cranked section and which is arranged coaxially with this section, a lever preferably being actuated by a spring being articulated on the spring plate , which is assigned a rest on the base plate.

In order to allow the pivoting movement of the two brake blades against the vertical central longitudinal plane of the ski only at a relatively late point in time, so that the distance between the brake blades and the narrow side faces of the ski can be chosen to be small and the two brake mandrels can thereby be made weaker, the invention further sees before that each brake mandrel is secured against axial displacement relative to the base plate, and that the tread plate is adjustable relative to the base plate in the longitudinal direction of the ski in order to bring about the pivoting movement of the brake mandrels.

A particularly favorable solution is obtained if, according to a further feature of the invention, in order to secure the brake spikes against axial displacement, the transverse axis engages in an annular groove of each brake spike, and if the tread plate by means of at least one elongated hole, preferably arranged in an attachment on its underside, which runs parallel to the plane of the tread plate, can be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the ski against the action of at least one spring, for example a tension spring, the control plate being assigned to the tread plate on the base plate. In this embodiment, the transverse axis is used simultaneously for three functions, namely as a pivot axis, as a locking element against axial displacement of the brake mandrels and as a guide element for the tread plate, which results in great savings.

The steep threads can be arranged at the ends of the bent sections of the brake mandrels, and the nuts can be fastened to the narrow side of the approximately bowl-shaped tread plate that is remote from the pivot axis. In a further embodiment of the invention, each steep thread can be formed by two diametrically arranged grooves, which are delimited at least on one side by a helical surface and into which two appropriately shaped approaches of the narrow side of the tread plate, which run in the direction of the sections of the brake spikes, whereby the Steep threads are preferably provided in cylindrical plastic extrusions of the two brake mandrel sections. In this way it is possible to produce the high helix thread by injection and not by machining.

Of course, it is not absolutely necessary that the elongated hole of the tread plate is provided in an extension thereof. Rather, according to a further development of the invention, it would be entirely possible to arrange the bearing block or the bearing blocks for the transverse axis at a distance from the lateral boundary edge of the base plate and to leave out the elongated holes in the side walls of the approximately bowl-shaped step plate.

Furthermore, it is not necessary for the control cam to extend over the entire width of the base plate. Rather, it is entirely sufficient if, according to the invention, the control cam is arranged only in the central region of the base plate and protrudes into a groove in the step plate, the groove ending in a control surface for the control cam. In this way, the control cam is used not only to control the rotary movement of the brake mandrels, but also to guide the tread plate laterally during the control process.

Are in the one embodiment, provided in the running on or in the pedal plate two by screws lines, recessed over 90 ⁰ extending slots or spiral surfaces, in or on which the transverse sections of the cranks of the two brake spurs are performed, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if, in a further embodiment of the invention, the two sections of the brake mandrels mounted in or on the tread plate are rotatably mounted in a transverse part, but are secured against displacement in the direction of their axes, the transverse part having a control edge which when the Tread plate slides along at least one control cam arranged on the base plate, and when the cross part is under the influence of at least one spring, for example a tension spring, which tries to move the cross part along the control cam (s) or against the transverse axis.

As already stated, it is possible to equip the tread plate with corresponding helical surfaces instead of helical slots, which only guide the transverse brake mandrel sections on one side. In this case, it is inventive if leg springs are arranged on the sections of the brake mandrels mounted on or in the tread plate, which press the transverse brake mandrel sections against the helical surfaces.

For the formation of the step plate itself there are different variants. For example, it could be flat and carry lugs in which the slots or helical surfaces are provided. A solution which is particularly economical in terms of manufacture is characterized in that, according to another feature of the invention, the tread plate is approximately bowl-shaped, the side faces of the tread plate adjacent to the ski side faces - viewed in cross section - running according to quarter-circle arches, the center points of which lie on the axes of the brake mandrel sections mounted in the tread plate are formed. This version has the advantage that the transverse brake mandrel sections are supported directly next to the ski side surfaces, which prevents the occurrence of undesirable vibrations during the braking process.

Finally, in a further development of the invention, at least one stop is arranged on the underside of the tread plate to limit the displacement of the cross member or the brake mandrels under the influence of the spring or springs. In this way, the swivel path of the two brake mandrels is reliably limited and the transverse brake mandrel sections are prevented from sliding out of the slots.

Various exemplary embodiments of ski brakes according to the invention are shown purely schematically in the drawing. Figure 1 is a section through a first embodiment along the line I - I in Figure 2, the tread plate is only indicated by dashed lines for clarity, Figure 2 is a section along the line II - II in Figure 1, according to which the The tread plate is partially pivoted down, but not fully depressed, and FIG. 3 shows a representation of the ski brake in the driving position, which is analogous to FIG. 2. FIGS. 4 and 5, 6 and 7, 8 and 9, 10 and 11, 12 and 13, 14 and 15 and 16 and 17 show sections corresponding to FIGS. 2 and 3 through further exemplary embodiments. FIGS. 18-20 show a further embodiment of a ski brake according to the invention, FIG. 18 being a top view of the ski brake in the driving position, largely cut along the line XVIII-XVIII in FIG. 19, and FIG. 19 being a section along the line XIX-XIX in FIG is; FIG. 20 shows a section analogous to FIG. 19 through the ski brake located in an intermediate position. FIG. 21 is a section through another embodiment of a ski brake according to the invention in its lowered position along the line XXI - XXI in FIG. 22 and FIG. 22 is a section along the line XXII - XXII in FIG. 21. FIG. 23 shows a section analogous to FIG the ready position (driving position) of the ski brake again. In the individual exemplary embodiments, identical parts, even if their configurations differ somewhat from one another, have been given the same reference numbers. Components that perform the same functions, but are configured differently, were ( ',', '' ^IV, etc.) referred to distinguish with digits with one or more Stri- _ting.

The ski brake shown in FIGS. 1-3 has a base plate 2 to be attached to the ski 1, which has two bearing eyes 3, in which a transverse axis 4 for a step plate 5 is mounted, which is acted upon by a spring, not shown. The tread plate 5 carries on its lower side bearing blocks 5a and 5b, in which the cranked sections 6c of two brake mandrels 6 are rotatable but secured against displacement. The two sections 6a of the individual brake mandrels 6, each carrying a brake blade 7, run parallel to the sections 6c. The sections 6a are each connected to the sections 6c by a transverse section 6b. Each of the sections 6c carries a steep thread 6d over part of its length, which is screwed into a nut 8. Both nuts 8 are connected to each other by a cross part 9, which is under the influence of a helical compression spring 12 which presses the cross part 9 against two stops 10 attached to the tread plate 5 and which is supported at its other end on a downward projection 5d of the tread plate is. Sometimes it can be advantageous to combine the extension 5d and the two bearing blocks 5a to form a transverse rib. Finally, a control cam 11 is attached to the base plate 2, on which a rounded edge 9a of the cross member 9 comes to rest.

The function of the ski brake is as follows: in the braking position of the two brake mandrels 6, the brake blades 7 project downward beyond the ski tread, and the tread plate 5 is in the raised position under the influence of the spring not shown. At the same time, the angular position of the brake blades 7 is defined by the stops 10.

If pressure is now exerted on the step plate 5 by the ski boot (not shown) of the user, the latter is pivoted toward the top of the ski, and the sections 6a of the brake mandrels / which carry the brake blades 7 pivot individually upward past the narrow sides of the ski. This process ends as soon as the cross part 9 with its rounded edge 9a comes into contact with the control cam 11 of the base plate 2 (see FIG. 2).

If now the pressure exerted by the ski boot in the direction of the arrow P _f in Figure 2 amplifies the pedal plate 5, the edge 9a of the cross member 9 slides the control cam 1 ₁ along. However, this has the consequence that the two nuts connected by the cross member 9 are moved in the longitudinal direction of the pedal plate 5 8 and 6 give information on the steep thread sections 6c 6d of the two brake spurs pivotal movement through about 90 ^0th As a result of this pivoting movement, the sections 6b of the two brake mandrels move from their horizontal position in the braking position and in the position according to FIG. 2 to a vertical position in which the sections 6a of the brake mandrels 6 are located together with the brake blades 7 above the top of the ski (FIG. 3 ).

However, if the ski boot leaves the top of the ski, the tread plate 5 is pivoted upwards under the influence of its positioning spring and the helical compression spring 12. At the same time, the sections 6a carrying the brake vanes 7 are pivoted outwards by the two nuts 8, which are under the influence of the helical compression spring 12, until the cross part 9 bears against the stops 10, so that the brake vanes 7 - seen from above - are outside the ski outline . This position is reached as soon as the rounded edge 9a of the cross member 9 has left the control cam 11. As a result, the tread plate 5 is pivoted further by the positioning spring until the predetermined braking position of the brake blades 7 is reached.

The embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5 and FIGS. 6 and 7 is similar to the first exemplary embodiment, the construction of the tread plate 5 with the two brake mandrels 6 being the same in both cases.

In order to adjust the nuts 8 towards the end of the swiveling path of the tread plate from the position according to FIG. 4 into the position according to FIG. 5, according to FIGS However, the tread plate hinges a flap 13 or 13 ¹ , which carries a control cam 14 or 14 'running in the direction of the ski. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5, the flap 13 is arranged on the underside of the tread plate 5 and is supported on the base plate 2 against the end of the swiveling path of the tread plate 5. The two nuts 8 are again connected by a cross member 9. However, instead of the helical compression spring 12 according to the first embodiment, here two springs 12 'are arranged coaxially to the sections 6c of the individual brake mandrels 6, which springs 12' are supported on the one hand on the bearing blocks 5b and on the other hand on the associated nuts 8 and in this way the Bring the cross section 9 to the stops 10 and, by moving the individual nuts 8, swing the brake vanes 7 outwards into the braking position.

During the boarding process, the step plate 5 is first swung down by the user's ski boot until the control cam 14 has reached the edge 9a of the cross member 9 (FIG. 4). If the pressure of the ski boot is now increased, the control cam 14 of the flap 13 moves the cross part 9 with the two nuts 8 in the direction of the transverse axis 4, as a result of which the two springs 12 'are compressed somewhat and the two brake blades 7 into the space above the ski be pivoted. The driving position is thus reached (Figure 5).

The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7 differs from the one just described only in that an area of the flap 13 'with the control cam 14' passes through a recess 5e of the tread plate 5. The flap 13 'can be held by a spring (not shown) in the braking position of the ski brake in a position in which it forms a certain angle with the tread plate 5. When the ski boot swivels down and depresses the step plate 5, its sole acts directly on the control cam 14 'and thus on the flap 13'.

Otherwise, the structure and function of the ski brake according to FIGS. 6 and 7 corresponds to that of FIGS. 4 and 5.

A further modification is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, which is similar in structure to the previously discussed ski brakes. In order to avoid sprawling, only the different elements are dealt with, which consist in that at least one pair of toggle levers 16, the knee joint of which is arranged on the underside of the tread plate 5 for adjusting the cross member 9 in the direction of the pivot axis 4 / against the action of the springs 12 ' 16c comes to rest on the base plate 2 as soon as the step plate 5 has been pivoted by the ski boot by a predetermined angle (FIG. 8). One lever 16a is articulated on the free end of the tread plate 5, the other 16b on the transverse part 9. In the driving position, the pair of toggle levers 16 lies essentially stretched on the base plate 2 (FIG. 9). Of course, in this case too, as in the previous exemplary embodiments, the angular position of the brake blades 7 in the braking position is defined by stops, not shown here, against which the transverse part 9 bears under the influence of the springs 12 '.

The embodiment according to FIGS. 10 and 11 differs from the previous exemplary embodiments in that each of the two brake mandrels 6 is only supported in a single bearing block 5'b of the step plate 5 '. However, this bearing block 5'b enables each brake mandrel 6 not only to rotate about the axis of the bent part 6c but also to perform a pivoting movement in a vertical longitudinal plane to the step plate 5 '. The bore in the bearing block 5'b consequently expands from the pivot axis 4 away up and down. The nut 8 ', which is screwed onto the steep thread 6d of section 6c of the individual brake mandrels 6, is considerably longer than the nuts described so far and ends with an inclined surface. che 17, which is assigned an inclined surface 18 on the tread plate 5 '. There is a spring 12 'between the nut 8' and the bearing block 5'b. Furthermore, the nut 8 'is provided at its end carrying the inclined surface 17 with a downward projection 20 to ensure reliable pivoting of each brake mandrel 6.

In the braking position of the ski brake, each spring 12 'presses the associated nut 8' with its inclined surface 17 against the inclined surface 18 of the tread plate 5 ', so that the two nuts 8' of this latter inclined surface 18 slide away from the tread plate 5 '. The swivel angle which each nut 8 'or each section 6c of the individual brake mandrels 6 includes with the step plate 5' depends on the opening angle of the bore of the bearing block 5'b.

If pressure is now exerted on the step plate 5 'by the user's ski boot, the step plate first pivots about the transverse axis 4 until the shoulder 20 of the nut 8' comes into contact with the base plate 2. At this moment, the position of the two brake mandrels 6 parallel to the top of the ski has almost been reached (FIG. 10). If the pressure on the tread plate 5 'is now increased, each nut 8' slides with its inclined surface 17 along the inclined surface 18 of the tread plate 5 ', the spring 12' is compressed somewhat and the nut 8 'moves along the steep thread 6d of the section 6c in the direction of the transverse axis 4. As a result, however, the brake paddle 7 is pivoted by approximately 90 °, and at the same time the tread plate 5 'and the two brake mandrels 6 reach the travel position parallel to the base plate 2 (FIG. 11).

However, if the ski binding is released and the ski boot leaves the upper side of the ski, the tread plate 5 'first comes into the position according to FIG. 10 under the influence of the spring not shown and the two springs 12'. During this movement, each nut 8 'slides with its S _c che 17 along the inclined surface 18 of the tread plate 5 ', which has a pivoting outward of the sections 6a of the brake mandrels 6 carrying the brake blades 7. Then the pivoting of the tread plate 5 'is continued until the braking position of the brake blades 7 is reached.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show a further modified embodiment compared to the previously described ski brakes. Here, the two brake mandrels 6 are not only rotatably mounted in the step plate 5 ", but are also axially displaceable in a predetermined range. The two nuts 8", on the other hand, which of the steep threads 6d of the sections 6c of the brake mandrels 6 are fastened to the tread plate 5 ", for example by welding. In addition to the tread plate 5", a lever 21 is articulated on the transverse axis 4, which lever 21 is at an acute angle in the braking position of the ski brake "is the pedal plate 5 under this and the S _c hwenkwin- angle is limited by a stop, not shown. free this lever 21 carries at its / end of a control cam 22 which, on the rounded control edge 9'a of a Schraubeaufschlagten bendruckfeder 12 similar to that shown in Figure 1 / cross member 9 'attacks, in which the ends of the sections 6c rotatable, but against axial adjustment are stored securely. A projection can be arranged on the underside of the lever 21, similar to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 10 and 11.

When getting in, the tread plate 5 "is pivoted toward the base plate 2 until the lever 21 rests on the base plate 2 (FIG. 12). If the pressure of the ski boot is then increased, the rounded control edge 9'a of the cross member 9 'slides along of the control cam 22, which results in an axial adjustment of the two brake mandrels 6 and thus, due to the steep thread 6d of the sections 6c, a pivoting of the brake blades 7 by 90. The ski brake is thus in the driving position (FIG. 13). However, if the ski boot leaves the ski binding, the tread plate 5 "is initially pivoted into the position shown in FIG. 12 under the influence of the helical compression spring 12 and the positioning spring (not shown), with the cross part 9 'with its control edge 9'a along the control cam 22 slides. the two brake spurs 6 are not displaced only in the direction of their axes, but also because their threaded portions are guided 6d in the "fastened nuts 8" on the footboard 5, pivoted by 90 ⁰ so that the two brake blades 7 in a plan view Then the footplate 5 "is pivoted again together with the lever 21, but only under the influence of the spring not shown, until the two brake blades 7 have reached their braking position.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 14 and 15, an arched leaf spring 25 is provided on the tread plate 5 "'for each brake mandrel 6. Of the two ends of each leaf spring 25 which project upwards in the braking position, one grips the associated nut 8"', the other, however, on a support body 26. Nut 8 "'and support body 26 are guided on the step plate 5"' in the longitudinal direction, but secured against rotation. The cranked section 6c of the associated brake mandrel 6 is rotatable in each support body 26, but is secured against axial displacement.

If the step plate 5 "'is swung down against the action of the spring, not shown, by the ski boot of the user, the central region of the arched leaf spring 25 comes to rest on the base plate 2 (FIG. 14). If the pressure of the ski boot is now increased, so each leaf spring 25 pushes nut 8 "'and support body 26 apart. As a result, there is a relative movement between the section 6c of each brake carrying the high-helix thread 6d thorns 6 and the associated nut 8 "', which movement results in a pivoting of the brake vanes 7 against the vertical longitudinal plane of the ski. At the end of the pivoting movement of the tread plate 5"', this rests on the base plate 2 with the interposition of the now flattened leaf spring 25 , and the two brake blades 7 are - seen from above - within the outline of the ski 1 (Figure 15).

However, if the tread plate 5 "'is relieved of the pressure of the ski boot, it is first raised under the influence of the individual leaf springs 25 and the positioning spring, not shown, until the individual support bodies 26 and the individual nuts 8"' lie against one another with their ends. Of course, during this swiveling movement there is also a relative movement between the steep thread 6d of each section 6c and each nut 8 "', which results in a turning of each brake mandrel 6 by 90 °, the brake paddle 7 of which is now outside the ski outline the tread plate 5 "'continued about the transverse axis 4 until the braking position of the two brake mandrels 6 is reached.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 16 and 17, the two nuts 8 ^{IV are} fastened, for example welded, to the underside of the tread plate 5 ^IV _n a-he whose transverse axis 4. As in the previous exemplary embodiments, each nut 8 ^{IV is} penetrated by an area of the section 6c of each brake mandrel 6 provided with a steep thread 6d. In the area of its end remote from the transverse axis 4, the section 6c carries a helical compression spring 12 which is supported on the one hand on a shoulder 5IVd of the tread plate 5 ^IV and on the other hand on a spring plate 12a attached to the section 6c and which push the section 6c towards the transverse axis 4 looking for. A lever 29 is articulated on the spring plate 12, which is in the braking position of the ski brake with the tread plate 5 ^IV includes an acute angle due to a spring 30. A latch 2'a on the base plate 2 'is assigned to this lever 29.

If the step plate 5IV is _now pivoted towards the base plate 2 'by the ski boot of the user, the end of the lever 29 enters the detent 2'a of the base plate 2' (FIG. 16). Is thereafter increasing the pressure exerted by the ski boot, the passage plate 5 ^IV against the base plate 2 'and at the same time the lever 29 against the pedal plate 5 ^IV _e g - pivots. One end of the lever 29 is held in place by the catch 2'a of the base plate 2 '. The other end moves the spring plate 12a and with it the brake mandrel 6 away from the transverse axis 4. However, this causes a pivoting of each blade 7 into the upward position above the ski /. The ski brake is now in the driving position (see Figure 17).

However, if the ski boot leaves the step plate 5 ^IV , it is pivoted from the position shown in FIG. 17 into the position shown in FIG. 16 under the influence of the helical compression spring 12 and the spring not shown. During this pivoting movement, the sections 6c of the brake mandrels 6 are given an axial displacement and, since their steep threads 6d engage in the two nuts 8 ^IV , also a rotary movement by 90 °, so that the two brake blades 7 come to lie outside the ski outline. Thereafter, the Trittplat _- te pivoted further 5 ^IV of the advancing spring, until it reaches the braking position of the two brake blades. 7

According to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 18-20, the base plate 2 carries a control cam 11 'at one end and two bearing eyes 3 for the transverse axis 4 at the other end. The step plate 5 ^{V is} rotatably mounted on the latter and can be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the ski in a predetermined range. For this purpose, the tread plate carries 5 ^V on its lower surface te an approach S ^V d, which is provided with an elongated hole 31 running parallel to the tread plate. This is penetrated by the transverse axis 4.

In the step plate 5 ^V two brake mandrels 6 equipped in a known manner are stored. The steep thread 6d of each brake mandrel 6 engages in a threaded bore 32 or the like in the front region of the step plate ^5V . The other end of section 6c, which is adjacent to section 6b, has an annular groove 33 into which the transverse axis 4 engages. The opposite area of each section 6c is supported on the underside of the step plate ^5V , which here has a certain function as a bearing. The remote from the transverse axis 4 narrow side of the approximately bowl-shaped step plate 5 ^V is provided at its lower end with a rounded portion 34 and comes with these when swiveling down or depressing the pedal plate 5 ^V to bear against the control cam 11 '. Furthermore, projections 35 and 36 are fastened to the base plate 2 and to the shoulder 5 ^V d of the tread plate 5v, between which tension springs 37 are arranged. The projections 35 protrude upward, the projections 36 on the other hand. The step plate 5 ^V is in a known manner under the influence of a spring not shown.

The function of the ski brake according to the invention is as follows: In the braking position, the two brake blades 7 protrude downward over the ski tread and form an acute angle with the latter. If the ski 1 is to be used, the footplate of the user is first pivoted the step plate 5 ^V into the position shown in FIG. 20 against the action of the spring not shown. In this position, the two brake blades 7 are still outside the ski outline when the ski 1 is viewed from above. If now the pressure exerted by the ski boot, reinforced, so 34 slides the rounding of the footboard 5 ^V dev against the action of the two tension springs 37 along the control cam 11 'towards the top of the ski. The two tension springs 37 are tensioned, and the tread plate 5 ^V moves in the longitudinal direction of the ski, so that the transverse axis 4, which came into contact with the ski brake in the braking position under the influence of the springs 37 in FIG. 20 at the right end of the elongated hole 31, now touches the other end of the elongated hole (Figures 18 and 19). By this movement of the footboard 5 ^V but the coarse thread penetrates 6d each of the two portions 6c in the associated threaded hole 32 a, which is a Verdre - hen the two brake spurs 6 90 ⁰ result has (see FIG. 19). The two brake blades 7 are therefore - seen from above - within the ski outline. The driving position of the ski brake is now reached.

However, if the ski boot leaves the top of the ski, the tread plate 5 ^V initially moves from the position according to FIG. 19 into the position according to FIG. 20, the rounding 34 of the tread plate 5 ^v under the influence of the two tension springs 37 and the spring not shown along the Steuerokkens 11 'slides. Simultaneously, the transverse axis 4 of the elongated hole 31 down again at the right end, and the steep thread 6d each section 6c screwed out of the threaded bore 32 of the tread plate slightly 5 ^V out. This means that each brake mandrel 6 rotates 90 ° through section 6c, so that the two brake blades 7 now come to lie outside the ski outline when the ski is viewed from above. Now the tread plate 5 ^v can be pivoted together with the two brake mandrels 6 under the influence of the positioning spring into the braking position, in which the two brake blades 7 project downwards over the ski tread.

The ski brake shown in FIGS. 21-23 corresponds essentially to the first off with regard to the structure of the tread plate 5 ^VI and the arrangement of the two brake mandrels 6 ' exemplary embodiment, wherein the two brake domes 6 'are mounted in the bearing blocks 5a, 5b both rotatably and displaceably, rounded two control cams 11 "are attached to the base plate 2 at a distance from the transverse axis 4. These are for abutting the control edge 9a of the cross member 9 is determined as soon as the step plate 5 ^{VI is} swung down by the user's ski boot .. In the areas of the step plate 5 ^VI adjacent to the side surfaces of the ski 1, there are recessed helical slots 38 which are penetrated by the sections 6b of the two brake mandrels 6 'and as The slots 38 extend — viewed in the direction of the axis of the sections 6 ′ c — over an angle of 90 °.

To the adjustment of the brake mandrels 6 'or. To limit the cross member 9 and to prevent the two sections 6'c from emerging from the slots 38, at least one stop 10 'is arranged on the underside of the tread plate 5 ^VI . The tread plate 5 ^VI is approximately bowl-shaped, its two areas adjacent to the side faces of the ski 1 - viewed in cross section - being delimited by the quarter of an ellipse. The section 6'c of each brake mandrel 6'is arranged at the intersection of the ellipse axes.

The function of the ski brake according to the invention is as follows: When entering the skier in the binding of the T _ri ttpl _a tte is first 5 ^VI against the action of the non Darge - easily erecting from the ski boot pivoted down until the position shown in Figure 22 is reached, in which the two brake blades 7 are still on both sides of the ski 1. If the pressure exerted by the ski boot is now increased, the / control edge 9a of the ₂ transverse part 9 along the control cam 11 "toward the base plate / is rounded off. The transverse part 9 and the two brake mandrels 6 'thus become counter to the action of the tension springs 37' Moved transverse axis 4. This has to As a result, the sections 6 'or the two brake mandrels 6' slide along the helical slots 38, which causes the brake mandrels 6 'to pivot about the axes of the sections 6' and 90 ⁰ . The two brake blades 7 are therefore within the ski outline as soon as the ski brake travel position shown in FIG. 23 has been reached - viewed in a top view of the ski 1.

However, the ski boot leaves the ski binding., The V pedal plate 5 is not shown _I under the influence of / erector and the tension springs' is rotated 37 from the position shown in Figure 23 in the position according to Figure 22, the control edge 9 of the cross member 9 the Control cam 11 "slides along upwards. As a result, the cross part 9 and with it the two brake mandrels 6 'are moved towards the transverse axis 4 until the cross part abuts the stop 10'. This movement causes the section 6'b of the two brake mandrels 6 moves along the helical slots 38, which causes the two brake mandrels to pivot by 90 ° about the axis of their sections 0c. At the end of this movement, the brake blades 7 are again outside the ski side surfaces, so that they cause the step plate to pivot further 5 ^VI does not stand in the way. This is now pivoted under the influence of ^A ufstellfeder in the braking position in which the two brake blades 7 from the running surfaces protruding face of the ski 1 downwards.

Of course, the invention is in no way tied to the embodiment shown in the drawing and described in the above. Rather, other designs of ski brakes should also come under the protection of the invention.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 14 and 15, it should also be possible to connect both nuts by means of a common transverse part and to provide a common support body for both brake mandrels. In this case, a only leaf springs are sufficient, which would simplify the construction but would increase the weight of the ski brake.

It would also be possible to attach the leaf spring to the base plate instead of the footplate e.g. to attach by means of a rivet and only when the tread plate is swung down against the action of the spring, the ends of the Blattfe support body in the grooves of the nuts or the cross member and / or. to let the support body engage.

Another variant of this principle could also be to provide the support body with a threaded bore which interacts with a part of the cranked section of the brake mandrel which bears an opposite thread. If in this case both threads of the brake mandrel have the same pitch, there is no axial adjustment of the brake mandrel, but only a rotary movement.

The nuts attached to the tread plate according to FIGS. 16 and 17 can be replaced by lugs of the tread plate which are provided with threaded holes.

In this case, it is expedient if the tread plate, which is generally made of a plastic material, receives threaded sleeves made of metal, which are inserted and held in holes in the tread plate by means of a press fit.

Instead of springs, guides can be provided in the base plate according to FIGS. 18-20, by means of which a displacement of the tread plate from the transverse axis is brought about with positive locking. In this case, however, friction members would have to be arranged which prevent a relative movement between the brake mandrels and the step plate during the pivoting movement of the step plate.

The base plate does not necessarily have to be fastened to the top of the ski with screws. It can also be adjustable and ascertainable in a guide attached to the top of the ski in the longitudinal direction of the ski. This applies to all exemplary embodiments. Furthermore, compression springs and vice versa can be used instead of tension springs if the construction is appropriate.

Different variants of the individual exemplary embodiments are also conceivable with one another, provided that this is structurally possible.

So-called stand-up springs are usually used to actuate ski brakes, which always try to pivot the braking device, which has the step plate or the like and the brake mandrels, into the braking position. Such springs are generally designed as leg springs, as torsion springs or as leaf springs.

Since both the design and the arrangement of these springs should be familiar to every average person skilled in the art, the description and the drawing did not deal with these springs.

Claims (25)

1. Ski brake with a base plate (2, 2 ') to be attached to the ski (1) and with a step plate ( ₅ - 5 ^VI ) articulated on it by means of a transverse axis (4), in or on the two brake mandrels (6, 6 ') with their cranked sections (6c, 6'c) opposite the brake vanes (7) and arranged parallel to them, can be pivoted about their axes in at least two bearings or bearing blocks (5a, 5b, 5'b) are stored, characterized in that each brake mandrel (6) is either provided with a steep thread (6d) over part of its cranked section (6c), which is fastened into a nut ( _{5 "} , ₅ ^IV , 5 ^V ) attached to the tread plate ( _5" , 8 ", 8 ^IV , 8 ^V ) or threaded hole (32) of the tread plate (5 ^V ) itself or in a nut (8, 8) secured against rotation with respect to the tread plate (5, 5", 5 "') and adjustable in the direction of its axis 8 ", 8"'), or that on or in the tread plate (5 ^VI ) two screw lines, are recessed to about 90 ⁰ extending slots (38) or helical surfaces provided in or on which the transverse sections (6'b) of the cranks of the two brake spurs (6 ') are guided. 2. Ski brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the two nuts (8) assigned to the brake mandrels (6) are connected to one another by a transverse part (9) which preferably acts under the influence of at least one spring in the longitudinal direction of the tread plate (5) ( 12, 12 '), for example a helical compression spring (12), and is possibly pressed by this against at least one stop (10) provided on the tread plate (FIGS. 1-11). 3. Ski brake according to claim 2, characterized in that the transverse part (9) on its side facing the base plate (2) is provided with a control curve or edge (9a), and in that on the base plate (2) a control cam (11 is attached) to WEL ^chem the cross part (9) by means of its control curve or edge ₍₉ a) and in Skilängsrichtunt adjustable abstützbarlist (figures 1 - 3). 4. Ski brake according to claim 2, characterized in that a flap (13, 13 ') is articulated at the free end of the tread plate (5), and that this flap carries a control cam (14, 14 ¹ ) running in the ski transverse direction, which with a beveled surface is intended for bearing against a control edge or curve (9a) of the cross member (9) (FIGS. 4-7). 5. Ski brake according to claim 4, characterized in that the flap (13) is arranged on the underside of the tread plate (5) and - in the pivoted-down position of the tread plate - with one end on the base plate (2) or on the top of the Skis (1) is supported (Figures 4 and 5). 6. Ski brake according to claims 2 and 4, characterized in that the flap (13 '), which is under the influence of a positioning spring pressing it against a stop, in the braking position at least with its control cam (14') has a recess (5e) interspersed in the tread plate (5) and when the tread plate (5) is swung down, it can be pivoted by the user's ski boot against the transverse part (9) (FIGS. 6 and 7). 7. Ski brake according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that on the underside of the tread plate (5) at least one pair of toggle levers (16) is arranged, of which one lever (16a) at the free end of the tread plate (5), the other lever (16b) on the other hand hinged to the cross member (9) and the nut (8) and its toggle joint (16c) or when swiveling down of the pedal plate on the _Sk i on the base plate (2) _- top comes to rest, when depressing the same moves the cross part (9) against the action of the springs (12 ') towards the transverse axis ¹ (4) (FIGS. 8 and 9). 8. Ski brake according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cranked portion (6c) of each brake mandrel (6) in the bearing block (5'b) on the tread plate (5 ') in a normal level on this is pivotable in a predetermined range that between this bearing block (5'b) and the nut (8 ') a spring, for. B. a helical compression spring (12 ') is arranged, and that each nut (8') on the side remote from the transverse axis (4) of the tread plate (5 ') has a transverse, preferably plane control surface inclined at an angle to the brake mandrel axis ( 17), which is assigned a corresponding control surface (18) on the tread plate (5 '), the two control surfaces (17, 18) sliding against each other when the tread plate (5') is depressed, and each nut (8 ') against the force Press the associated spring (12 ') back towards the tread plate and its transverse axis: (4), which means that the two brake mandrels (6) swivel in simultaneously within the top of the ski (Figures 10 and 11). 9. Ski brake according to claim 8, characterized in that each nut (8 ') at the end bearing the control surface (17) has a cam-shaped extension (20) which is intended to rest on the base plate (2) or on the top of the ski . 10. Ski brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the two nuts (8 ") are attached to the underside of the step plate (5") and that the two brake pins (6) are also axially displaceable relative to the step plate and in the area of their under or The ends mounted in the tread plate are secured against axial adjustment in a displaceable cross-member (9 ') which has a control edge (9'a) or cam on its side surface facing the nuts (8 "), which carries a control cam (22) is assigned, which is arranged, for example, on the base plate (2) and causes the transverse part (9 ') to be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the ski (FIGS. 12 to 13). 11. Ski brake according to claim 10, characterized in that the control cam (22) is attached to a lever (21) whose pivot axis is formed by the transverse axis (4) of the tread plate (5 ") (Figures 12 and 13). 12. Ski brake according to claim 1, characterized in that for each brake mandrel (6) or for both brake mandrels (6) together an arcuate leaf spring (25) is provided, of which two ends projecting upwards in the braking position, one on the associated nut (8 "') or on a cross part connecting both nuts, the other, on the other hand, engages a support body (26) which, like the nut (s), is displaceably guided in the longitudinal direction on the tread plate (5"'), but against rotation is secured (Figures 14 and 15). 13. Ski brake according to claim 12, characterized in that the bent portion (6c) of each brake mandrel (6) in the support body (26) is rotatably mounted, but is secured against axial displacement. 14. Ski brake according to claim 12, characterized in that a threaded bore is provided in the support body for each brake mandrel, which is in engagement with an opposing thread of the bent portion of the brake mandrel. ₁ 5. Ski brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the two nuts (8 ^IV ) on the underside of the tread plate (5 ^IV ) close to the transverse axis (4) are attached to the cranked portion (6 c) of each brake mandrel (6 ) acts on a spring (12 '), which tries to push this section (6c) against the transverse axis (4), and that a control mechanism is provided which opens each brake mandrel (6) immediately before the support plate (5 ^IV ) the base plate (2 ') or on the top of the ski against the force of the spring (Figure 16 and 17). 16. Ski brake according to claim 15, characterized in that the spring (12) is designed as a compression spring which on the one hand on a shoulder (5 ^IV d) of the tread plate (5 ^IV ) and on the other hand on a spring plate attached to the bent portion (6c) ( 12a) is supported and coaxial with this section (6c) is arranged, a lever (29), preferably acted upon by a spring (30), to which a catch (2'a) on the base plate (2 ') is assigned, being articulated on the spring plate (12a). 17. Ski brake according to claim 1, characterized in that each brake mandrel (6) against the base plate (2) is secured against axial displacement, and that to bring about the pivoting movement of the brake mandrels (6), the tread plate (5 ^V ) relative to the base plate (2 ) is adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the ski (Figures 18 - 20). 18. Ski brake according to claim 17, characterized in that to secure the brake mandrels (6) against axial displacement, the transverse axis (4) engages in an annular groove (33) of each brake mandrel, and that the tread plate (5) by means of at least one, preferably in one Approach (5 ^V d) on its underside arranged elongated hole (31), which runs parallel to the plane of the tread plate (5 ^V ), can be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the ski against the action of at least one spring, for example a tension spring (37), the tread plate (5 ^V ) on the base plate (2) is assigned a control cam (11 ') which serves to move the tread plate (5 ^v ) in the longitudinal direction of the ski. 19. A ski brake according to claim 1, characterized in that each steep thread is formed by two diametrically arranged grooves which are delimited at least on one side by a helical surface and in which two shaped accordingly in the direction of the Ab _- sections of the brake spurs extending ears of the narrow sides protrude into the tread plate, the steep threads preferably being provided in cylindrical plastic extrusions of the two brake mandrel sections. 20. Ski brake according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the bearing block or the bearing blocks for the transverse axis are arranged at a distance from the lateral boundary edge of the base plate, and that the elongated holes are recessed in the side walls of the approximately cup-shaped tread plate. 21. Ski brake according to one of claims 18 - 20, characterized in that the control cam is arranged only in the central region of the base plate and protrudes into a groove of the tread plate, the groove ending in a control surface for the control cam. 22. Ski brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the two sections of the brake mandrels (6 ') mounted in or on the tread plate (5 ^VI ) can be rotated in a transverse part (9), but are secured against displacement in the direction of their axes, the transverse part (9) has a control edge (9a) which slides along at least one control cam (11 ") arranged on the base plate (2) when the tread plate (5 ^VI ) is depressed, and that the transverse part (9) is influenced at least one spring, for example a tension spring (37 '), which tries to move the transverse part along the control cam (s) (11 ") or against the transverse axis (4) (FIGS. 21-23). 23. Ski brake according to claim 1 or 22, characterized in that leg springs are arranged on the sections of the brake mandrels mounted on or in the tread plate, which press the transverse brake mandrel sections against the helical surfaces. 24. Ski brake according to claim 1, 22 or 23, characterized in that the tread plate is approximately cup-shaped, the side faces of the tread plate adjacent to the ski side surfaces - viewed in cross section - extend according to quarter-circle arcs, the center points of the axes of the brake mandrel sections mounted in the tread plate are formed. 25. Ski brake according to one of claims 22 - 24, characterized in that to limit the displacement of the cross member (9) or the brake mandrels (6!) Under the influence of the spring or springs (37 ¹ ) on the underside of the tread plate ( 5 ^VI ) at least one stop (10 ') is arranged.

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