EP0060290B1 - Method and device for the controlled heat exchange between a primary steam circuit and heat consumer - Google Patents

Method and device for the controlled heat exchange between a primary steam circuit and heat consumer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0060290B1
EP0060290B1 EP81902649A EP81902649A EP0060290B1 EP 0060290 B1 EP0060290 B1 EP 0060290B1 EP 81902649 A EP81902649 A EP 81902649A EP 81902649 A EP81902649 A EP 81902649A EP 0060290 B1 EP0060290 B1 EP 0060290B1
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Prior art keywords
heat
condensate
consumer
steam
heat exchanger
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EP81902649A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0060290A1 (en
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Helmut Bälz
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K19/00—Regenerating or otherwise treating steam exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K19/02—Regenerating by compression
    • F01K19/08—Regenerating by compression compression done by injection apparatus, jet blower, or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for regulated heat transfer from a primary steam network to a heat consumer, the flow of which is supplied at a predetermined excess pressure and the return of which is at a relatively low pressure, the heat taken from the steam network as a function of the heat consumption by the consumer Steam is cooled by heat extraction by means of a secondary medium while maintaining a predetermined overpressure in relation to the supply pressure of the heat consumer until it is condensed, and the excess pressure in a jet pump is then reduced to the supply pressure of the heat consumer while generating a corresponding driving energy for the supply and thereby the supply the secondary medium heated to the cooling of the steam is mixed.
  • the invention is based on a device for controlled heat transfer from a primary steam network to a heat consumer, with a heat exchanger controlled by condensate accumulation as a function of the temperature to the heat consumer, which on the steam side with the steam network and on the condensate side with the driving nozzle of one in the flow line of the heat consumer lying jet pump is connected, the driving nozzle of which is pressurized with the predetermined overpressure, the jet pump on the suction side in a secondary circuit of the heat exchanger, in which flows the steam-heated secondary medium, which flows through the jet pump in a predetermined proportion to the flow of the heat consumer is admixable.
  • the heat exchanger is connected to the steam line of the primary steam network via a multi-function valve.
  • the conduits used in the heat exchanger for condensation are connected to the jet nozzle of a jet pump, a line serving as a feed line leading from the jet pump to the heat consumer, the return of which opens via a pressure-maintaining valve to the condensate return line of the primary steam network.
  • a line branches off, with which the secondary medium is branched off from the condensate to be returned, which secondary medium is fed into the associated flow connection of the heat exchanger.
  • the secondary medium in the heat exchanger After the secondary medium in the heat exchanger has been heated by condensation of the steam, it arrives via a further connecting line to the suction side of the jet pump, from where it is then mixed with the condensate flowing out of the heat exchanger for heat transfer to the heat consumer.
  • the temperature of the flow of the heat consumer is regulated via the multi-function valve provided on the steam side, via which the condensate build-up in the heat exchanger is also regulated at the same time.
  • a pressure loss occurs at the multi-function valve, so that under certain operating situations it is necessary to provide a pressure booster pump which is electrically operated in the flow line for the heat consumer, specifically behind the jet pump.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to further develop the above-mentioned method in such a way that no pressure booster pump is required behind the jet pump while at the same time saving fittings.
  • the method is characterized according to the invention by the features of the main claim, while the device for solving the problem is characterized according to the invention by the features of claim 3.
  • the cold secondary medium can expediently be branched off from the cooled return line of the heat consumer.
  • a pressure-maintaining valve can be arranged in terms of flow behind the branching off of the secondary circuit.
  • the pressure-maintaining valve can have a further connection which is connected to the connecting line between the condensate side of the heat exchanger and the jet pump, in the steam line for the heat exchanger is a level controller controlling the pressure control valve, through which the pressure control valve can be reversed in order to remove excess condensate such that the condensate can be discharged directly into the condensate return line of the steam network, bypassing the heat consumer and the jet pump.
  • a hot water heater can be contained in the heat exchanger.
  • the illustrated steam water heating system 1 serves to transfer heat from a primary steam network 010 to a heat consumer designated by 2.
  • the heat consumer 2 can, depending on the design of the system as a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, production or hot water preparation system for radiators or registers or heating devices and the like. Like. Be trained.
  • the system has a heat exchanger 4 connected to the steam network 010 via a line 3, in which a tube coil bundle 5 is arranged, which is connected on the steam side to line 3 and on the condensate side to a connecting line 6.
  • the connecting line 6 leads from the tube coil bundle 5 to the drive nozzle connection 8 of a jet pump 9 with a variable drive nozzle 10, the collecting nozzle or the diffuser 11 of the jet pump 9 being connected to a feed line 12 of the heat consumer 2.
  • a return line 13 leads from the heat consumer 2 via a multi-function valve 14 to the condensate manifold 012 of the steam network.
  • the heat exchanger 4 also has two connections 15 and 16 for the secondary medium, which is passed through the heat exchanger 4 in a countercurrent process and is branched in terms of flow upstream of the multi-function valve 14 from the return line 13 via a line 17 and is fed into the connection 15. After flowing through the heat exchanger 4, the secondary medium flows out of the connecting piece 16 of the heat exchanger 4 and from there reaches the suction side 18 of the jet pump 9.
  • a level sensor 19 is provided above the heat exchanger 4 in the connecting line 3, said level sensor 19 having a magnet 20 of the magnetically controlled multi-function valve 14 controls, which is connected via a further connection 21 to the condensate-carrying line 6.
  • the multi-function valve 14 is designed as a pressure-maintaining valve and is controlled via a pressure transmitter 22 provided in the return line 13 so that a predetermined pressure is maintained in the line 13.
  • a temperature sensor 23 is located in the flow line 12 and is connected to a control device 25 acting on an actuator 24.
  • the actuator 24 serves to regulate the driving nozzle 10, which in the exemplary embodiment is provided with a nozzle needle 26 for changing the nozzle cross section.
  • the arrangement of the actuator 24 and jet pump 9 is such that the condensate flow into the connecting line 6 or in the flow line 12 and the heat consumer 2 is continuously adjustable between the zero flow rate and the maximum flow rate using the adjustable drive nozzle 10.
  • steam flows from the steam network 010 via the line 3 into the coils 5 of the heat exchanger 4, where it condenses while heating the secondary medium washing around the coils 5.
  • the condensate formed is essentially under the pressure of the steam network 010 and flows via line 6 to the adjustable driving nozzle 10 of the jet pump 9.
  • the adjustable driving nozzle 10 of the jet pump 9 Depending on the position of the nozzle needle 26 of the adjustable driving nozzle 10, more or less condensate flows through the jet pump or into the diffuser 11 and thus into the flow line 12 of the heat consumer 2.
  • the connecting piece 16 on the suction side 18 secondary medium heated by the condensing steam is canceled from the heat exchanger 4 and mixed with the condensate flowing into the diffuser 11 in accordance with the position of the adjustable driving nozzle 10, so that the heat consumer 2 is finally supplied with a mixture of condensate and secondary medium.
  • the flow temperature measured in the flow line 12 by the sensor 23 is above or below a predetermined setpoint, so that the control device 25 adjusts the actuator 24 and thus the nozzle needle 26 in the direction of maintaining the setpoint temperature.
  • the adjustable driving nozzle 10 is closed, with the result that more condensate is accumulated in the heat exchanger 4 and less steam is removed from the steam network 010. At the same time, the driving energy behind the driving nozzle 10 is reduced and less secondary medium is pumped out of the heat exchanger 4 and supplied to the heat consumer 2. If the temperature measured in the flow line 12 is below the target temperature, i. H. the heat consumer 2 removes more heat, so in the opposite sense the driving nozzle 10, controlled by the control device 25 and the actuator 24, is turned on and the condensate throughput and the throughput of secondary medium are increased.
  • the level sensor 19 responds, which then releases the connection 21 of the multi-function valve 14 via the magnet 20, so that condensate from the line 6 is discharged directly bypassing the jet pump 9 and the heat consumer 2 into the return line 012 of the steam network with the help of the steam pressure on the condensate.
  • the multi-function valve together with the pressure transmitter 22 serves at the same time to maintain a certain minimum pressure in the return line 13 hold and to prevent possible idling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

In a heat consumer (2), of which the supply conduit (12) is under a predetermined pressure and of which the return (13) is at a lower pressure, the steam, drawn off from the primary steam circuit in relation to the heat used by the consumer, is cooled down until condensation by drawing off heat by means of a secondary fluid and by maintaining a certain overpressure with respect to the pressure prevailing in the supply conduit (12). This overpressure is reduced to the pressure of the supply conduit (12) by means of a jet pump which allows a drive force to be obtained for the supply conduit (12) and the addition to the supply conduit heated secondary fluid obtained by the cooling of steam. In order to avoid installing an overpressure pump upstream of the jet pump while eliminating superfluous valves and connections, the condensate is accumulated to set the heat consumer temperature and the accumulation of condensate is exclusively set by adjusting the ejection nozzle (10).

Description

Die Erfindung geht von einem Verfahren zur geregelten Wärmeübergabe aus einem primären Dampfnetz an einen Wärmeverbraucher aus, dessen Vorlauf unter einem vorbestimmten Überdruck zugeführt wird und dessen Rücklauf unter einem verhältnismäßig niederen Druck steht, wobei der in Abhängigkeit von dem Wärmeverbrauch bei dem Verbraucher aus dem Dampfnetz entnommene Dampf durch Wärmeentzug mittels eines Sekundärmediums unter Aufrechterhaltung eines vorbestimmten Überdruckes gegen- über dem Vorlaufdruck des Wärmeverbrauchers bis zur Kondensation abgekühlt wird und der Überdruck in einer Strahlpumpe sodann unter Erzeugung einer entsprechenden Treibenergie für den Vorlauf auf den Vorlaufdruck des Wärmeverbrauchers abgebaut wird und dabei dem Vorlauf bei der Auskühlung des Dampfes aufgeheiztes Sekundärmedium zugemischt wird.The invention is based on a method for regulated heat transfer from a primary steam network to a heat consumer, the flow of which is supplied at a predetermined excess pressure and the return of which is at a relatively low pressure, the heat taken from the steam network as a function of the heat consumption by the consumer Steam is cooled by heat extraction by means of a secondary medium while maintaining a predetermined overpressure in relation to the supply pressure of the heat consumer until it is condensed, and the excess pressure in a jet pump is then reduced to the supply pressure of the heat consumer while generating a corresponding driving energy for the supply and thereby the supply the secondary medium heated to the cooling of the steam is mixed.

Ferner geht die Erfindung von einer Vorrichtung zur geregelten Wärmeübergabe aus einem primären Dampfnetz an einen Wärmeverbraucher aus, mit einem durch Kondensatanstau in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur an den Wärmeverbraucher geregelten Wärmetauscher, der dampfseitig mit dem Dampfnetz und kondensatseitig mit der Treibdüse einer in der Vorlaufleitung des Wärmeverbrauchers liegenden Strahlpumpe verbunden ist, deren Treibdüse mit dem unter einem vorbestimmten Überdruck stehenden Kondensat beaufschlagt ist, wobei die Strahlpumpe saugseitig in einem Sekundärkreislauf des Wärmetauschers liegt, in dem von dem Dampf aufgeheiztes Sekundärmedium fließt, das über die Strahlpumpe in einem vorbestimmten Anteil dem Vorlauf des Wärmeverbrauchers zumischbar ist.Furthermore, the invention is based on a device for controlled heat transfer from a primary steam network to a heat consumer, with a heat exchanger controlled by condensate accumulation as a function of the temperature to the heat consumer, which on the steam side with the steam network and on the condensate side with the driving nozzle of one in the flow line of the heat consumer lying jet pump is connected, the driving nozzle of which is pressurized with the predetermined overpressure, the jet pump on the suction side in a secondary circuit of the heat exchanger, in which flows the steam-heated secondary medium, which flows through the jet pump in a predetermined proportion to the flow of the heat consumer is admixable.

Bei einem älteren Verfahren beziehungsweise einer entsprechenden älteren Vorrichtung gemäß der W081/03680 (gilt als Stand der Technik nach Art. 54(3) EPÜ) ist der Wärmetauscher über ein Mehrfunktionenventil and die Dampfleitung des primären Dampfnetzes angeschlossen. Die der Kondensation in dem Wärmetauscher dienenden Rohrschlangen sind an die Treibdüse einer Strahlpumpe angeschlossen, wobei von der Strahlpumpe eine als Vorlaufleitung dienende Leitung zu dem Wärmeverbraucher führt, dessen Rücklauf über ein Druckhalteventil an die Kondensatrückführieitung des primären Dampfnetzes mündet. Strömungsmäßig hinter dem Wärmeverbraucher, jedoch vor dem Druckhalteventil, zweigt eine Leitung ab, mit der aus dem zurückzuführenden Kondensat das Sekundärmedium abgezweigt wird, das in den zugehörigen Vorlaufanschluß des Wärmetauschers gespeist wird.In the case of an older method or a corresponding older device according to W081 / 03680 (applies as state of the art according to Art. 54 (3) EPC), the heat exchanger is connected to the steam line of the primary steam network via a multi-function valve. The conduits used in the heat exchanger for condensation are connected to the jet nozzle of a jet pump, a line serving as a feed line leading from the jet pump to the heat consumer, the return of which opens via a pressure-maintaining valve to the condensate return line of the primary steam network. In terms of flow behind the heat consumer, but in front of the pressure control valve, a line branches off, with which the secondary medium is branched off from the condensate to be returned, which secondary medium is fed into the associated flow connection of the heat exchanger.

Nachdem das Sekundärmedium in dem Wärmetauscher durch Kondensation des Dampfes aufgeheizt ist, gelangt es über eine weitere Verbindungsleitung zu der Saugseite der Strahlpumpe, von wo es dann dem aus dem Wärmetauscher strömenden Kondensat zur Wärmeabgabe an den Wärmeverbraucher zugemischt wird.After the secondary medium in the heat exchanger has been heated by condensation of the steam, it arrives via a further connecting line to the suction side of the jet pump, from where it is then mixed with the condensate flowing out of the heat exchanger for heat transfer to the heat consumer.

Die Regelung der Temperatur des Vorlaufs des Wärmeberbrauchers erfolgt über das dampfseitig vorgesehene Mehrfunktionenventil, über das auch gleichzeitig der Kondensatanstau in dem Wärmetauscher geregelt wird.The temperature of the flow of the heat consumer is regulated via the multi-function valve provided on the steam side, via which the condensate build-up in the heat exchanger is also regulated at the same time.

An dem Mehrfunktionenventil tritt ein Druckverlust auf, so daß es unter bestimmten Betriebssituationen notwendig ist, in der Vorlaufleitung für den Wärmeverbraucher, und zwar hinter der Strahlpumpe, eine Druckerhöhungspumpe vorzusehen, die elektrisch betrieben ist.A pressure loss occurs at the multi-function valve, so that under certain operating situations it is necessary to provide a pressure booster pump which is electrically operated in the flow line for the heat consumer, specifically behind the jet pump.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es deshalb, das eingangs genannte Verfahren derart weiterzubilden, daß bei gleichzeitiger Einsparung von Armaturen keine Druckerhöhungspumpe hinter der Strahlpumpe erforderlich ist.The object of the invention is therefore to further develop the above-mentioned method in such a way that no pressure booster pump is required behind the jet pump while at the same time saving fittings.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist das Verfahren erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Hauptanspruchs gekennzeichnet, während die Vorrichtung zur Lösung der Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 3 gekennzeichnet ist.To achieve this object, the method is characterized according to the invention by the features of the main claim, while the device for solving the problem is characterized according to the invention by the features of claim 3.

Hierdurch ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß praktisch der gesamte Dampfdruck des Netzes zur Verfügung streht, um das Kondensat durch die Strahlpumpe zu treiben, so daß ausreichend Treibenergie zur Verfügung steht, um das beigemischte Sekundärmedium und das Kondensat mit entsprechendem Überdruck dem Wärmeverbraucher zuzuführen. Eine Umwälzpumpe ist bei diesem Verfahren bzw. dieser Vorrichtung bei keiner Betriebssituation erforderlich.This has the advantage that practically the entire vapor pressure of the network is available to drive the condensate through the jet pump, so that sufficient driving energy is available to supply the admixed secondary medium and the condensate to the heat consumer with a corresponding excess pressure. A circulation pump is not required with this method or this device in any operating situation.

Zweckmäßigerweise kann dabei das kalte Sekundärmedium von dem ausgekühlten Rücklauf des Wärmeverbrauchers abgezweigt werden.The cold secondary medium can expediently be branched off from the cooled return line of the heat consumer.

Um zu verhindern, daß bei eventuellen Betriebsstörungen die Anlage leerläuft, kann strömungsmäßig hinter dem Abzweigen des Sekundärkreislaufes ein Druckhalteventil angeordnet sein.In order to prevent the system from running idle in the event of operational malfunctions, a pressure-maintaining valve can be arranged in terms of flow behind the branching off of the secondary circuit.

Um zu verhindern, daß bei sehr geringer Wärmeentnahme aus dem Wärmetauscher bzw. dem Dampfnetz das Kondensat in die Dampfzuleitung zurückstaut, kann das Druckhalteventil einen weiteren Anschluß aufweisen, der an die Verbindungsleitung zwischen der Kondensatseite des Wärmetauschers und der Strahlpumpe angeschlossen ist, wobei in der Dampfleitung für den Wärmetauscher ein das Druckregelventil steuernden Niveauregler liegt, durch den zur Entfernung von überschüssigem Kondensat das Druckhalteventil derart umsteuerbar ist, daß das Kondensat unter Umgeh des Wärmeverbrauchers und der Strahlpumpe unmittelbar in die Kondensatrückführleitung des Dampfnetzes abführbar ist.In order to prevent the condensate from backing up into the steam supply line when the heat is removed from the heat exchanger or the steam network very little, the pressure-maintaining valve can have a further connection which is connected to the connecting line between the condensate side of the heat exchanger and the jet pump, in the steam line for the heat exchanger is a level controller controlling the pressure control valve, through which the pressure control valve can be reversed in order to remove excess condensate such that the condensate can be discharged directly into the condensate return line of the steam network, bypassing the heat consumer and the jet pump.

Entsprechend den Anforderungen kann in dem Wärmetauscher ein Brauchwasserwärmer enthalten sein.Depending on the requirements, a hot water heater can be contained in the heat exchanger.

In der einzigen Figur der Zeichnung ist schematisch ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Gegenstandes der Erfindung dargestellt.In the single figure of the drawing, an embodiment of the object of the invention is shown schematically.

Die veranschaulichte Dampfwasserheizanlage 1 dient dazu, aus einem primären Dampfnetz 010 Wärme an einen mit 2 bezeichneten Wärmeverbraucher zu übergeben. Der Wärmeverbraucher 2 kann je nach der Ausbildung der Anlage als Heizungs-, Lüftungs-, Klima- Produktions- oder Brauchwasserbereitungsanlage von Heizkörpern oder Registern bzw. Heizeinrichtungen u. dgl. ausgebildet sein.The illustrated steam water heating system 1 serves to transfer heat from a primary steam network 010 to a heat consumer designated by 2. The heat consumer 2 can, depending on the design of the system as a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, production or hot water preparation system for radiators or registers or heating devices and the like. Like. Be trained.

Die Anlage weist einen über eine Leitung 3 an das Dampfnetz 010 angeschlossenen Wärmetauscher 4 auf, in dem ein Rohrschlangenbündel 5 angeordnet ist, das dampfseitig mit der Leitung 3 und kondensatseitig an eine Verbindungsleitung 6 angeschlossen ist. Die Verbindungsleitung 6 führt von dem Rohrschlangenbündel 5 zu dem Treibdüsenanschluß 8 einer Strahlpumpe 9 mit veränderbarer Treibdüse 10, wobei die Auffangsdüse bzw. der Diffusor 11 der Strahlpumpe 9 an eine Vorlaufleitung 12 des Wärmeverbrauchers 2 angeschlossen ist. Von dem Wärmeverbraucher 2 führt eine Rückführungsleitung 13 über ein Mehrfunktionenventil 14 zu der Kondensatsammelleitung 012 des Dampfnetzes.The system has a heat exchanger 4 connected to the steam network 010 via a line 3, in which a tube coil bundle 5 is arranged, which is connected on the steam side to line 3 and on the condensate side to a connecting line 6. The connecting line 6 leads from the tube coil bundle 5 to the drive nozzle connection 8 of a jet pump 9 with a variable drive nozzle 10, the collecting nozzle or the diffuser 11 of the jet pump 9 being connected to a feed line 12 of the heat consumer 2. A return line 13 leads from the heat consumer 2 via a multi-function valve 14 to the condensate manifold 012 of the steam network.

Der Wärmetauscher 4 weist ferner zwei Anschlüsse 15 und 16 für das Sekundärmedium auf, das im Gegenstromverfahren durch den Wärmetauscher 4 geleitet wird und strömungsmäßig vor dem Mehrfunktionenventil 14 aus der Rückführungsleitung 13 über eine Leitung 17 abgezweigt wird und in den Anschluß 15 eingespeist wird. Nach Durchströmen des Wärmetauschers 4 fließt das Sekundärmedium aus dem Anschlußstutzen 16 des Wärmetauschers 4 aus und gelangt von dort in die Saugseite 18 der Strahlpumpe 9.The heat exchanger 4 also has two connections 15 and 16 for the secondary medium, which is passed through the heat exchanger 4 in a countercurrent process and is branched in terms of flow upstream of the multi-function valve 14 from the return line 13 via a line 17 and is fed into the connection 15. After flowing through the heat exchanger 4, the secondary medium flows out of the connecting piece 16 of the heat exchanger 4 and from there reaches the suction side 18 of the jet pump 9.

Um zu verhindern, daß bei geringer Wärmeentnahme das Kondensat in dem Wärmetauscher 4 soweit angestaut wird, daß es in das Dampfnetz 010 zurücklaufen würde, ist oberhalb des Wärmetauschers 4 in der Verbindungsleitung 3 ein Niveaugeber 19 vorgesehen, der einen Magneten 20 des magnetisch gesteuerten Mehrfunktionenventils 14 steuert, das über einen weiteren Anschluß 21 mit der kondensatführenden Leitung 6 verbunden ist. Außerdem ist das Mehrfunktionenventil 14 als Druckhalteventil ausgebildet und wird über einen in der Rückführleitung 13 vorgesehenen Druckgeber 22 so gesteuert, daß in der Leitung 13 ein vorbestimmter Druckaufrechterhalten bleibt.In order to prevent the condensate from being accumulated in the heat exchanger 4 to such an extent that it would run back into the steam network 010 when there is little heat removal, a level sensor 19 is provided above the heat exchanger 4 in the connecting line 3, said level sensor 19 having a magnet 20 of the magnetically controlled multi-function valve 14 controls, which is connected via a further connection 21 to the condensate-carrying line 6. In addition, the multi-function valve 14 is designed as a pressure-maintaining valve and is controlled via a pressure transmitter 22 provided in the return line 13 so that a predetermined pressure is maintained in the line 13.

Zur Steuerung der Vorlauftemperatur des Wärmeverbrauchers 2 und damit zur Steuerung der in der Anlage 1 übergebenen Wärmemenge sitzt in der Vorlaufleitung 12 ein Temperaturmeßfühler 23, der an eine einen Stellantrieb 24 beaufschlagende Steuereinrichtung 25 angeschlossen ist. Der Stellantrieb 24 dient zur Regelung der Treibdüse 10, die bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel mit einer Düsennadel 26 zur Veränderung des Düsenquerschnittes versehen ist. Die Anordnung aus Stellantrieb 24 und Strahlpumpe 9 ist derart getroffen, daß mit Hilfe der verstellbaren Treibdüse 10 die Kondensatströmung in die Verbindungsleitung 6 bzw. in der Vorlaufleitung 12 und dem Wärmeverbraucher 2 stufenlos zwischen der Durchflußmenge null und der maximalen Durchflußmenge verstellbar ist.In order to control the flow temperature of the heat consumer 2 and thus to control the amount of heat transferred in the system 1, a temperature sensor 23 is located in the flow line 12 and is connected to a control device 25 acting on an actuator 24. The actuator 24 serves to regulate the driving nozzle 10, which in the exemplary embodiment is provided with a nozzle needle 26 for changing the nozzle cross section. The arrangement of the actuator 24 and jet pump 9 is such that the condensate flow into the connecting line 6 or in the flow line 12 and the heat consumer 2 is continuously adjustable between the zero flow rate and the maximum flow rate using the adjustable drive nozzle 10.

Beim Betrieb der Anlage 1 strömt aus dem Dampfnetz 010 über die Leitung 3 Dampf in die Rohrschlangen 5 des Wärmetauschers 4 ein, wo er unter Aufheizung des die Rohrschlangen 5 umspülenden Sekundärmediums kondensiert. Das entstandene Kondensat steht im wesentlichen unter dem Druck des Dampfnetzes 010 und strömt über die Leitung 6 der verstellbaren Treibdüse 10 der Strahlpumpe 9 zu. Je nach Stellung der Düsennadel 26 der verstellbaren Treibdüse 10 strömt mehr oder weniger viel Kondensat durch die Strahlpumpe bzw. in den Diffusor 11 und damit in die Vorlaufleitung 12 des Wärmeverbrauchers 2. Aufgrund der Durchströmung der Strahlpumpe 9 wird an der Saugseite 18 über den Anschlußstutzen 16 von dem kondensierenden Dampf aufgeheiztes Sekundärmedium aus dem Wärmetauscher 4 abgesagt und dem in dem Diffusor 11 einströmenden Kondensat entsprechend der Stellung der verstellbaren Treibdüse 10 beigemischt, so daß dem Wärmeverbraucher 2 schließlich ein Gemisch aus Kondensat und Sekundärmedium zugeführt wird. Je nach Wärmeentnahme durch den Wärmeverbraucher 2 liegt die in der Vorlaufleitung 12 durch den Meßfühler 23 gemessene Vorlauftemperatur über oder unter einem vorgegebenen Sollwert, so daß durch die Steuerungseinrichtung 25 der Stellantrieb 24 und damit die Düsennadel 26 in Richtung auf Einhalten der Solltemperatur nachgeregelt werden. Liegt die Vorlauftemperatur über der Solltemperatur, wird die verstellbare Treibdüse 10 zugefahren, womit in dem Wärmetauscher 4 mehr Kondensat angestaut wird und dem Dampfnetz 010 weniger Dampf entnommen wird. Gleichzeitig verringert sich die Treibenergie hinter der Treibdüse 10 und es wird weniger Sekundärmedium aus dem-Wärmetauscher 4 abgepumpt und dem Wärmeverbraucher 2 zugeführt. Liegt die in der Vorlaufleitung 12 gemessene Temperatur unter der Solltemperatur, d. h. der Wärmeverbraucher 2 entnimmt mehr Wärme, so wird im umgekehrten Sinne die Treibdüse 10, gesteuert durch die Steuereinrichtung 25 und den Stellantrieb 24, aufgesteuert und der Kondensatdurchsatz sowie der Durchsatz an Sekundärmedium erhöht.During operation of the system 1, steam flows from the steam network 010 via the line 3 into the coils 5 of the heat exchanger 4, where it condenses while heating the secondary medium washing around the coils 5. The condensate formed is essentially under the pressure of the steam network 010 and flows via line 6 to the adjustable driving nozzle 10 of the jet pump 9. Depending on the position of the nozzle needle 26 of the adjustable driving nozzle 10, more or less condensate flows through the jet pump or into the diffuser 11 and thus into the flow line 12 of the heat consumer 2. Due to the flow through the jet pump 9, the connecting piece 16 on the suction side 18 secondary medium heated by the condensing steam is canceled from the heat exchanger 4 and mixed with the condensate flowing into the diffuser 11 in accordance with the position of the adjustable driving nozzle 10, so that the heat consumer 2 is finally supplied with a mixture of condensate and secondary medium. Depending on the heat removal by the heat consumer 2, the flow temperature measured in the flow line 12 by the sensor 23 is above or below a predetermined setpoint, so that the control device 25 adjusts the actuator 24 and thus the nozzle needle 26 in the direction of maintaining the setpoint temperature. If the flow temperature is above the target temperature, the adjustable driving nozzle 10 is closed, with the result that more condensate is accumulated in the heat exchanger 4 and less steam is removed from the steam network 010. At the same time, the driving energy behind the driving nozzle 10 is reduced and less secondary medium is pumped out of the heat exchanger 4 and supplied to the heat consumer 2. If the temperature measured in the flow line 12 is below the target temperature, i. H. the heat consumer 2 removes more heat, so in the opposite sense the driving nozzle 10, controlled by the control device 25 and the actuator 24, is turned on and the condensate throughput and the throughput of secondary medium are increased.

Wenn bei extrem geringer Wärmeentnahme durch den Wärmeverbraucher 2 das Kondensat in den Rohrschlangen 5 bzw. dem Wärmetauscher 4 unzulässig hoch ansteigt, spricht der Niveaugeber 19 an, der daraufhin über den Magneten 20 den Anschluß 21 des Mehrfunktionenventiles 14 freigibt, so daß Kondensat aus der Leitung 6 unmittelbar unter Umgehung der Strahlpumpe 9 und des Wärmeverbrauchers 2 in die Rückführungsleitung 012 des Dampfnetzes mit Hilfe des auf dem Kondensat lastenden Dampfdrucks abgeführt wird. Hierbei dient das Mehrfunktionenventil zusammen mit dem Druckgeber 22 gleichzeitig dazu, einen bestimmten Mindestdruck in der Rücklaufleitung 13 aufrechtzuerhalten und ein eventuelles Leerlaufen zu verhindern.If the condensate in the coils 5 or the heat exchanger 4 rises to an impermissibly high level with extremely low heat removal by the heat consumer 2, the level sensor 19 responds, which then releases the connection 21 of the multi-function valve 14 via the magnet 20, so that condensate from the line 6 is discharged directly bypassing the jet pump 9 and the heat consumer 2 into the return line 012 of the steam network with the help of the steam pressure on the condensate. Here, the multi-function valve together with the pressure transmitter 22 serves at the same time to maintain a certain minimum pressure in the return line 13 hold and to prevent possible idling.

Weil keine zusätzlichen Regelarmaturen in der Leitung 3, d. h. der Verbindung zwischen dem Dampfnetz 010 und dem Wärmetauscher 4 vorgesehen sind, reicht in allen Betriebseinstellungen die an der verstellbaren Treibdüse 10 zur Verfügung stehende Treibenergie aus, das Kondensat zusammen mit dem aufgeheizten Sekundärmedium durch den Wärmeverbraucher 2 zu pumpen. Je nach Anwendung besteht die Möglichkeit, in dem Wärmetauscher einen nicht veranschaulichten Brauchwasserwärmer vorzusehen.Because no additional control fittings in line 3, d. H. If the connection between the steam network 010 and the heat exchanger 4 is provided, the drive energy available on the adjustable drive nozzle 10 is sufficient in all operating settings to pump the condensate together with the heated secondary medium through the heat consumer 2. Depending on the application, it is possible to provide a domestic hot water heater (not shown) in the heat exchanger.

Claims (7)

1. A process for controlled heat transfer from a primary steam net to a heat consumer, the supply of which is introduced under a predetermined overpressure and the return of which is subject to a relatively low pressure, where the steam taken from the steam net depending on the heat consumption of the consumer is cooled down by means of a secondary medium to its condensat- ing temperature under maintaining a predetermined overpressure relative to the supply pressure of the heat consumer and where the overpressure is then reduced in a jet pump under generation of the corresponding driving energy for the supply to the supply pressure of the heat consumer and where the secondary medium which had been heated by cooling down the steam is added to the supply, characterized in that the condensate is accumulated for controlling the temperature at the heat consumer and in that control of the condensate accumulation is effected only by adjusting the nozzle of the jet pump.
2. A process in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the supply of the secondary medium is branched off the return of the heat consumer.
3. An apparatus for controlled heat transfer from a primary steam net (010) to a heat consumer (2) with a heat exchanger (4) controlled by the condensate accumulated depending on the inlet temperature of the heat consumer, the steam side of said heat exchanger being connected to the steam net and the condensate side to the nozzle (10) of a jet pump (9) arranged in the supply line (12) of the heat consumer which nozzle (10) is subjected to a predetermined overpressure of the condensate, with the suction side of jet pump (9) being located in the secondary circuit of heat exchanger (4) through which steam-heated secondary medium is flowing, a predetermined portion of which can be added to the supply (12) of the heat exchanger, characterized in that heat exchanger (4) is directly connected to the steam net (010) and in that jet pump (9) features an adjustable nozzle (10) for controlling the absorbed heat, which nozzle is coupled to an actuator (24) connected to a control device (25) measuring the supply temperature of the heat consumer via a sensor (23).
4. An apparatus in accordance with Claim 3, characterized in that the secondary circuit (17, 15, 16) of heat exchanger (4) is branched off the return line (13) of heat consumer (2) downstream of heat consumer (2).
5. An apparatus in accordance with Claim 4, characterized in that a pressure regulating valve (14) is arranged downstream of the branch line for secondary circuit (17, 15, 16).
6. An apparatus in accordance with Claim 5, characterized in that the pressure regulating valve (14) is provided with another port (21) which is connected to the connection line (6) between the condensate side of heat exchanger (4) and jet pump (9) and in that a level pick-up (19) controlling pressure regulating valve (14) is arranged in the connection line (3) between steam net (010) and heat exchanger (4), which for removing excessive condensate is capable of reversing pressure regulating valve (14) in such a manner that the condensate by-passing heat consumer (2) and jet pump (9) can be fed into the condensate return line (012) of steam net (010, 012).
7. An apparatus in accordance with Claim 3, characterized in that a hot-water heater is included in the heat exchanger (4).
EP81902649A 1980-09-23 1981-09-21 Method and device for the controlled heat exchange between a primary steam circuit and heat consumer Expired EP0060290B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81902649T ATE7074T1 (en) 1980-09-23 1981-09-21 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLED HEAT TRANSFER FROM A PRIMARY STEAM NETWORK TO A HEAT CONSUMER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803035779 DE3035779A1 (en) 1980-09-23 1980-09-23 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REGULATED HEAT TRANSFER FROM A PRIMARY STEAM NET TO A HEAT CONSUMER
DE3035779 1980-09-23

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EP0060290A1 EP0060290A1 (en) 1982-09-22
EP0060290B1 true EP0060290B1 (en) 1984-04-11

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US (1) US4480785A (en)
EP (1) EP0060290B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS57501541A (en)
BR (1) BR8108804A (en)
DE (1) DE3035779A1 (en)
DK (1) DK196382A (en)
NO (1) NO821470L (en)
RO (1) RO84515B (en)
SU (1) SU1416062A3 (en)
WO (1) WO1982001057A1 (en)

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NL1023023C2 (en) * 2003-03-26 2004-09-30 Bravilor Holding Bv Device for preparing hot water.
US8702013B2 (en) * 2010-02-18 2014-04-22 Igor Zhadanovsky Vapor vacuum heating systems and integration with condensing vacuum boilers
US20110198406A1 (en) * 2010-02-18 2011-08-18 Igor Zhadanovsky Vapor/vacuum heating system
DE102010009081A1 (en) * 2010-02-24 2011-08-25 Helmut Bälz GmbH, 74076 Heat generator group with jet pump control
CN106761981A (en) * 2016-11-28 2017-05-31 中能服能源科技股份有限公司 A kind of thermoelectricity decoupled system for improving hotspot stress

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1981003680A1 (en) * 1980-06-19 1981-12-24 H Baelz Method and device for controlled heat transmission from a primary steam circuit to a heat consumer

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BE431189A (en) *
BE354341A (en) * 1900-01-01
US1065568A (en) * 1911-11-10 1913-06-24 Standard Heat And Ventilation Company Inc Steam-heating system.
US2789770A (en) * 1951-08-23 1957-04-23 Gerdts Gustav F Kg Steam and water conducting systems
DE1184057B (en) * 1962-08-11 1964-12-23 Meyer Fa Rud Otto Device for maintaining a certain pressure in house systems directly connected to a hot water district heating network
DE2225263C3 (en) * 1972-05-24 1983-12-08 Bälz, Helmut, 7100 Heilbronn Return admixing device for a hot water heating system or a domestic hot water heating system

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WO1981003680A1 (en) * 1980-06-19 1981-12-24 H Baelz Method and device for controlled heat transmission from a primary steam circuit to a heat consumer

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Publication number Publication date
JPS57501541A (en) 1982-08-26
SU1416062A3 (en) 1988-08-07
DK196382A (en) 1982-04-30
NO821470L (en) 1982-05-04
EP0060290A1 (en) 1982-09-22
WO1982001057A1 (en) 1982-04-01
BR8108804A (en) 1982-08-24
RO84515B (en) 1984-08-30
DE3035779C2 (en) 1989-12-21
US4480785A (en) 1984-11-06
DE3035779A1 (en) 1982-05-06
RO84515A (en) 1984-06-21

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