EP0059783B1 - Apparatus for heat-treating a granular material - Google Patents

Apparatus for heat-treating a granular material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0059783B1
EP0059783B1 EP81107897A EP81107897A EP0059783B1 EP 0059783 B1 EP0059783 B1 EP 0059783B1 EP 81107897 A EP81107897 A EP 81107897A EP 81107897 A EP81107897 A EP 81107897A EP 0059783 B1 EP0059783 B1 EP 0059783B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pipe
granular material
classifier
discharge device
collecting pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81107897A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0059783A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Ing.-Grad. Becker
Kurt Femers
Johann Lohbeck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grenzebach GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Babcock BSH AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Babcock BSH AG filed Critical Babcock BSH AG
Priority to AT81107897T priority Critical patent/ATE4839T1/en
Publication of EP0059783A1 publication Critical patent/EP0059783A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0059783B1 publication Critical patent/EP0059783B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/10—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers
    • F26B17/101—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers the drying enclosure having the shape of one or a plurality of shafts or ducts, e.g. with substantially straight and vertical axis
    • F26B17/102—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers the drying enclosure having the shape of one or a plurality of shafts or ducts, e.g. with substantially straight and vertical axis with material recirculation, classifying or disintegrating means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the first part of claim 1.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a device of the type specified in the first part of claim 1 so that the specified disadvantages, in particular the undesired grain size reduction and material damage, are largely avoided.
  • the characterizing feature of claim 1 By maintaining a fill level, which preferably corresponds essentially to the height of the collecting tube, the drop height of the separated coarse material is reduced to a minimum.
  • the coarse material forms a column of bulk goods slowly sliding downwards in the collecting tube.
  • the long dwell time - preferably ten to thirty minutes - enables mass and heat exchange processes.
  • With the coarser grains the inner moisture can diffuse to the surface. The temperature balances within the grain, whereby the surface cools and the heat flows into the cool inside of the grain.
  • the hot fine grain transfers part of its heat to the coarse grain and absorbs moisture from the coarse grain.
  • the properties of the returned material are largely even both within the individual grain and within the total mass. This avoids the partial damage described at the outset.
  • a classifier 4 connects, which is designed in a known manner as a deflection hood.
  • An adjustable flap 5 for influencing the return flow quantity is arranged therein.
  • the outlet of the classifier 4 is connected to the upper end of a vertical, slender collecting tube 6. This rests on an only indicated support structure 7, which is equipped with pressure cells 8.
  • a lock 9 is attached as a discharge device. From there, a line 10 starts, which opens into the entrained flow tube 1 above the wet feed 2.
  • a line 11 is led from the classifier 4 to a finished product separator 12.
  • An exhaust pipe 13 with a fan 14 extends from there.
  • the upper region of the collecting tube 6 is connected to the line 11 by a vapor line 15.
  • the collecting tube 6 and the vapor line 15 are each provided with a jacket heater 16. Insulation is often sufficient.
  • the signal of which is a measure of the fill level of the collecting tube 6 a line 17 leads to a controller 18.
  • the controller With the help of the controller - as symbolized by line 19 - the speed of the lock 9 is influenced in the sense that the filling distance in the collecting tube 6 is kept constant. Another way to keep the Level is that according to line 20, the controller 18 acts on the flap 5 of the classifier 4 and thus influences the amount of the fraction separated.
  • the amount of the returned material can be set as desired by specifying the speed of the lock 9.
  • the lock 9 can be replaced by another application device with controllable throughput, for example by a screw conveyor or a controller.
  • the pressure load cells it is also possible, for example, to use gamma-ray level meters 8a, which are connected to the controller via lines 17a.
  • the invention can also be used, for example, in the device according to the aforementioned publication, in which the collecting pipe coaxially surrounds the entrained flow pipe and is provided with a height-adjustable upper part for the purpose of controlling the visual effect.

Abstract

1. Apparatus for heat treatment, especially for drying, a granular material in a gas stream, with a vertical flash pipe (1), with a classifier (4) located at the end of the flash pipe, with a collecting pipe (6) for recycled granular material after the classifier, and a discharge pipe (11) for the classified granular material, with a discharge device (9) at the end of the collecting pipe, and with a recycling pipe (10) from the discharge device to the flash pipe, characterized by a level indicator (8, 8a) for the collecting pipe (6) and a regulator (18) actuated by the measured value and acting upon the discharge device (rotary valve 9) and/or the classifier (4).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung gemäß dem ersten Teil des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device according to the first part of claim 1.

Vorrichtungen dieser Gattung sind schon in den verschiedensten Ausführungen bekannt, z. B. durch die DE-OS 2 232 611. Dabei werden am Ende des Flugstromrohres die groben, noch feuchten oder nicht genügend durchgewärmten Körner aus dem Behandlungsgas abgeschieden, das, mit den feineren, fertigbehandelten Teilchen beladen, einem Fertigproduktabscheider zugeführt wird. Die schwereren Teilchen werden durch das Sammelrohr zurück in das Flugstromrohr geführt. Die Austragsvorrichtung am unteren Ende des Sammelrohres dient zur Druckabschottung.Devices of this type are already known in a wide variety of designs, e.g. B. by DE-OS 2 232 611. At the end of the entrained flow tube, the coarse, still moist or insufficiently heated grains are separated from the treatment gas, which, loaded with the finer, finished particles, is fed to a finished product separator. The heavier particles are fed back through the collecting pipe into the entrained flow pipe. The discharge device at the lower end of the collecting tube is used to seal off the pressure.

Auf diese Weise werden grobe, schwere Teilchen mehrfach behandelt und auf Restfeuchten gebracht, die in einmaligem Durchgang nicht erreichbar sind. Trotzdem können die Ergebnisse nicht in jedem Fall voll befriedigen. Beim ersten Durchgang wird bei den gröberen Teilchen nur das anhaftende Oberflächenwasser verdampft. Die verbleibende Restfeuchte ist überwiegend innere, kapillar gebundene Feuchte. Diese Feuchte braucht eine gewisse Zeit, um an die Kornoberfläche zu gelangen. Bei den bekannten Vorrichtungen wird aber der Weg vom Sichter zurück in das Flugstromrohr in wenigen Sekunden im freien Fall zurückgelegt. Diese Zeit ist für die Diffusionsvorgänge zu kurz. Die rückgeführten Körner haben daher eine völlig trockene Oberfläche, wenn sie erneut mit dem heißen Behandlungsgas in Berührung kommen. Die von dem Gas auf die Körner übergehende Wärme bewirkt daher weniger eine Verdampfung der Restfeuchte, sondern vor allem eine starke Erhitzung der Oberfläche. Das Ergebnis ist bei einigen Produkten eine Schädigung der oberflächennahen Schichten und eine durch Abplatzen verursachte starke Staubentwicklung. Da bei den bekannten Vorrichtungen die Sichter in den meisten Fällen relativ einfach ausgebildet sind und nur eine unscharfe Selektivität haben, gelangt stets auch ein merklicher Feinkornanteil in die Rückführung. Dieses an sich schon fertigbehandelte Gut wird beim erneuten Durchgang überhitzt und kann durch Zersetzung, Schwelung o. dgl. geschädigt werden. Ferner beobachtet man vielfach infolge der großen Fallhöhe im Sammelrohr eine erhebliche Kornzertrümmerung sowie Verschleiß an den betroffenen Teilen der Leitung.In this way, coarse, heavy particles are treated several times and brought to residual moisture that cannot be reached in a single pass. Nevertheless, the results cannot always be completely satisfactory. In the first pass, only the adhering surface water is evaporated from the coarser particles. The remaining residual moisture is predominantly internal, capillary-bound moisture. This moisture takes a certain amount of time to reach the grain surface. In the known devices, however, the path from the classifier back into the entrained flow tube is covered in free fall in a few seconds. This time is too short for the diffusion processes. The returned grains therefore have a completely dry surface when they come into contact with the hot treatment gas again. The heat transferred from the gas to the grains therefore causes less evaporation of the residual moisture, but above all a strong heating of the surface. The result for some products is damage to the layers near the surface and a strong dust development caused by flaking. Since the classifiers in the known devices are in most cases relatively simple and have only a fuzzy selectivity, a noticeable fine grain fraction always gets into the return. This material, which has already been treated, is overheated when it is passed through again and can be damaged by decomposition, smoldering or the like. Furthermore, due to the large fall height in the collecting pipe, considerable grain crushing and wear on the affected parts of the line are observed.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung der im ersten Teil des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Gattung so zu verbessern, daß die angegebenen Nachteile, insbesondere die unerwünschte Kornzerkleinerung und die Materialschädigung, weitgehend vermieden werden.The invention has for its object to improve a device of the type specified in the first part of claim 1 so that the specified disadvantages, in particular the undesired grain size reduction and material damage, are largely avoided.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch das kennzeichnende Merkmal des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Durch Aufrechterhaltung eines Füllstandes, der vorzugsweise im wesentlichen der Höhe des Sammelrohres entspricht, wird die Fallhöhe des abgeschiedenen Grobgutes auf ein Mindestmaß reduziert. Das Grobgut bildet in dem Sammelrohr eine langsam nach unten rutschende Schüttgutsäule. Die lange Verweilzeit - vorzugsweise zehn bis dreißig Minuten - ermöglicht Stoff- und Wärmeaustauschvorgänge. Bei den gröberen Körnern kann die innere Feuchtigkeit an die Oberfläche diffundieren. Innerhalb des Korns gleicht sich die Temperatur aus, wobei sich die Oberfläche abkühlt und die Wärme in das kühl gebliebene Korninnere fließt. Das heiße Feinkorn überträgt einen Teil seiner Wärme auf das Grobkorn und nimmt dafür vom Grobkorn Feuchte auf. Bei der Wiederaufgabe in das Flugstromrohr sind also die Eigenschaften des rückgeführten Materials sowohl innerhalb des einzelnen Korns als auch innerhalb der Gesamtmasse weitgehend vergleichmäßigt. Dadurch werden die eingangs beschriebenen partiellen Schädigungen vermieden.This object is achieved by the characterizing feature of claim 1. By maintaining a fill level, which preferably corresponds essentially to the height of the collecting tube, the drop height of the separated coarse material is reduced to a minimum. The coarse material forms a column of bulk goods slowly sliding downwards in the collecting tube. The long dwell time - preferably ten to thirty minutes - enables mass and heat exchange processes. With the coarser grains, the inner moisture can diffuse to the surface. The temperature balances within the grain, whereby the surface cools and the heat flows into the cool inside of the grain. The hot fine grain transfers part of its heat to the coarse grain and absorbs moisture from the coarse grain. When it is re-introduced into the entrained flow tube, the properties of the returned material are largely even both within the individual grain and within the total mass. This avoids the partial damage described at the outset.

Weitere vorteilhafte Merkmale der Erfindung sind in den Ansprüchen 2 und 3 angegeben.Further advantageous features of the invention are specified in claims 2 and 3.

Die Zeichnung dient zur Erläuterung der Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles.The drawing serves to explain the invention using an exemplary embodiment.

Ein Flugstromrohr 1, das in seinem unteren Bereich mit einer Naßgutaufgabe 2 versehen ist, ist über einen Krümmer mit einem Heißgaserzeuger 3 verbunden. An das obere Ende des Flugstromrohres schließt sich ein Sichter 4 an, der in bekannter Weise als Umlenkhaube ausgebildet ist. Darin ist eine verstellbare Klappe 5 zur Beeinflussung der Rücklaufmenge angeordnet. Der Auslauf des Sichters 4 ist mit dem oberen Ende eines senkrecht stehenden, schlanken Sammelrohres 6 verbunden. Dieses ruht auf einer nur angedeuteten Stützkonstruktion 7, die mit Druckmeßdosen 8 ausgerüstet ist. Am unteren Ende des Sammelrohres 6 ist als Austragvorrichtung eine Schleuse 9 angebracht. Von dort geht eine Leitung 10 aus, die oberhalb der Naßgutaufgabe 2 in das Flugstromrohr 1 mündet. Für das mit dem Fertiggut beladene Behandlungsgas ist von dem Sichter 4 eine Leitung 11 zu einem Fertiggutabscheider 12 geführt. Von dort geht eine Abgasleitung 13 mit einem Ventilator 14 aus. Der obere Bereich des Sammelrohres 6 ist durch eine Brüdenleitung 15 mit der Leitung 11 verbunden. Zwecks Vermeidung von Kondensatbildung und Materialansätzen sind das Sammelrohr 6 und die Brüdenleitung 15 je mit einer Mantelheizung 16 versehen. Vielfach genügt auch eine Isolierung. Von den Druckmeßdosen 8, deren Signal ein Maß für den Füllstand des Sammelrohres 6 ist, ist eine Leitung 17 zu einem Regler 18 geführt. Mit Hilfe des Reglers wird - wie durch die Linie 19 symbolisiert - die Drehzahl der Schleuse 9 in dem Sinne beeinflußt, daß der Füllabstand in dem Sammelrohr 6 konstant gehalten wird. Eine andere Möglichkeit zur Konstanthaltung des Füllstandes besteht darin, daß gemäß Linie 20 der Regler 18 auf die Klappe 5 des Sichters 4 einwirkt und so die Menge der abgeschiedenen Fraktion beeinflußt. Hierbei läßt sich durch Vorgabe der Drehzahl der Schleuse 9 die Menge des rückgeführten Gutes beliebig einstellen.An entrained flow tube 1, which is provided with a wet material feed 2 in its lower region, is connected to a hot gas generator 3 via a manifold. At the upper end of the entrained flow pipe, a classifier 4 connects, which is designed in a known manner as a deflection hood. An adjustable flap 5 for influencing the return flow quantity is arranged therein. The outlet of the classifier 4 is connected to the upper end of a vertical, slender collecting tube 6. This rests on an only indicated support structure 7, which is equipped with pressure cells 8. At the lower end of the collecting tube 6, a lock 9 is attached as a discharge device. From there, a line 10 starts, which opens into the entrained flow tube 1 above the wet feed 2. For the treatment gas loaded with the finished product, a line 11 is led from the classifier 4 to a finished product separator 12. An exhaust pipe 13 with a fan 14 extends from there. The upper region of the collecting tube 6 is connected to the line 11 by a vapor line 15. In order to avoid the formation of condensate and material deposits, the collecting tube 6 and the vapor line 15 are each provided with a jacket heater 16. Insulation is often sufficient. From the pressure cells 8, the signal of which is a measure of the fill level of the collecting tube 6, a line 17 leads to a controller 18. With the help of the controller - as symbolized by line 19 - the speed of the lock 9 is influenced in the sense that the filling distance in the collecting tube 6 is kept constant. Another way to keep the Level is that according to line 20, the controller 18 acts on the flap 5 of the classifier 4 and thus influences the amount of the fraction separated. Here, the amount of the returned material can be set as desired by specifying the speed of the lock 9.

Das beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel kann in vielfacher Weise variiert werden. Zum Beispiel kann die Schleuse 9 durch eine andere Auftragseinrichtung mit steuerbarem Durchsatz ersetzt werden, zum Beispiel durch einen Schneckenförderer oder einen Regler. Anstelle der Druckmeßdosen können auch zum Beispiel Gammastrahl-Pegelmesser 8a eingesetzt werden, die über Leitungen 17a mit dem Regler verbunden sind. Die Erfindung ist zum Beispiel auch bei der Vorrichtung gemäß der eingangs genannten Offenlegungsschrift anwendbar, bei der das Sammelrohr das Flugstromrohr koaxial umschließt und zwecks Steuerung der Sichtwirkung mit einem höhenveränderlichen Oberteil versehen ist.The described embodiment can be varied in many ways. For example, the lock 9 can be replaced by another application device with controllable throughput, for example by a screw conveyor or a controller. Instead of the pressure load cells, it is also possible, for example, to use gamma-ray level meters 8a, which are connected to the controller via lines 17a. The invention can also be used, for example, in the device according to the aforementioned publication, in which the collecting pipe coaxially surrounds the entrained flow pipe and is provided with a height-adjustable upper part for the purpose of controlling the visual effect.

Claims (3)

1. Apparatus for heat treatment, especially for drying, a granular material in a gas stream,
with a vertical flash pipe (1),
with a classifier (4) located at the end of the flash pipe,
with a collecting pipe (6) for recycled granular material after the classifier, and a discharge pipe (11) for the classified granular material,
with a discharge device (9) at the end of the collecting pipe,
and with a recycling pipe (10) from the discharge device to the flash pipe,
characterized by a level indicator (8, 8a) for the collecting pipe (6) and a regulator (18) actuated by the measured value and acting upon the discharge device (rotary valve 9) and/or the classifier (4).
2. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, characterized by a vapour pipe (15) starting from the upper range of the collecting pipe (6).
3. Apparatus in accordance with claim 2, characterized by the collecting pipe (6) and, if necessary, the vapour pipe (15) being furnished with a trace heating (16).
EP81107897A 1981-03-07 1981-10-03 Apparatus for heat-treating a granular material Expired EP0059783B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81107897T ATE4839T1 (en) 1981-03-07 1981-10-03 DEVICE FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF A GRANULAR MATERIAL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813108657 DE3108657A1 (en) 1981-03-07 1981-03-07 DEVICE FOR HEAT TREATING A GRAINY GOOD
DE3108657 1981-03-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0059783A1 EP0059783A1 (en) 1982-09-15
EP0059783B1 true EP0059783B1 (en) 1983-09-28

Family

ID=6126573

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81107897A Expired EP0059783B1 (en) 1981-03-07 1981-10-03 Apparatus for heat-treating a granular material

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0059783B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE4839T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3108657A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK156974C (en) * 1984-02-24 1990-03-19 Danske Sukkerfab PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVAL OF LIQUID FROM A SOLID, PARTICULATED MATERIAL
DK2457049T3 (en) * 2009-07-20 2017-03-20 Gea Process Eng As Process for drying a liquid or wet product, and drying apparatus for carrying out the process.

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE514969A (en) *
DE1677359U (en) * 1952-08-25 1954-06-03 Buettner Werke Ag PNEUMATIC DRYER, ESPECIALLY FOR DRYING BREATHING, SLUDY OR FINE-GRAINED PRODUCTS.
DE1112458B (en) * 1959-10-08 1961-08-03 Buehler Ag Geb Self-regulating outlet on shaft-shaped treatment containers for bulk material
DE1567356A1 (en) * 1963-10-19 1970-06-25 Buettner Werke Ag Process for converting wet starch into dry starch of low bulk volume when using an electric circulating dryer
DE1303507B (en) * 1964-11-04 1971-12-23 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag
FR1473956A (en) * 1965-12-23 1967-03-24 Prat Daniel S A Process and means for cooling granulated products

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0059783A1 (en) 1982-09-15
ATE4839T1 (en) 1983-10-15
DE3161042D1 (en) 1983-11-03
DE3108657A1 (en) 1982-09-23

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