EP0059783A1 - Apparatus for heat-treating a granular material - Google Patents

Apparatus for heat-treating a granular material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0059783A1
EP0059783A1 EP81107897A EP81107897A EP0059783A1 EP 0059783 A1 EP0059783 A1 EP 0059783A1 EP 81107897 A EP81107897 A EP 81107897A EP 81107897 A EP81107897 A EP 81107897A EP 0059783 A1 EP0059783 A1 EP 0059783A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pipe
classifier
discharge device
granular material
collecting tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81107897A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0059783B1 (en
Inventor
Hans Ing.-Grad. Becker
Kurt Femers
Johann Lohbeck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grenzebach GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Babcock BSH AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Babcock BSH AG filed Critical Babcock BSH AG
Priority to AT81107897T priority Critical patent/ATE4839T1/en
Publication of EP0059783A1 publication Critical patent/EP0059783A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0059783B1 publication Critical patent/EP0059783B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/10—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers
    • F26B17/101—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers the drying enclosure having the shape of one or a plurality of shafts or ducts, e.g. with substantially straight and vertical axis
    • F26B17/102—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers the drying enclosure having the shape of one or a plurality of shafts or ducts, e.g. with substantially straight and vertical axis with material recirculation, classifying or disintegrating means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a device of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 so that the stated disadvantages, in particular the undesired grain size reduction and material damage, are largely avoided.
  • a classifier 4 connects, which is designed in a known manner as a deflection hood.
  • An adjustable flap 5 for influencing the return flow quantity is arranged therein.
  • the outlet of the classifier 4 is connected to the upper end of a vertical, slender collecting tube 6. This rests on an only indicated support structure 7, the 8 with pressure cells is preparing.
  • a lock 9 is attached as a discharge device. From there, a line 10 starts, which opens into the entrained flow tube 1 above the wet material feed 2.
  • a line 11 is led from the classifier 4 to a finished product separator 12.
  • An exhaust pipe 13 with a fan 14 extends from there.
  • the upper region of the collecting tube 6 is connected to the line 11 by a vapor line 15.
  • the collecting tube 6 and the vapor line 15 are each provided with a jacket heater 16. Insulation is often sufficient.
  • a line 17 leads from the pressure load cells 8, the signal of which is a measure of the fill level of the collecting tube 6, to a controller 18.
  • the controller With the help of the controller - as symbolized by line 19 - the speed of the lock 9 is influenced in the sense that the fill level in the collecting tube 6 is kept constant.
  • the regulator 18 acts on the flap 5 of the classifier 4 and thus influences the amount of the separated fraction.
  • the amount of the returned material can be set as desired by specifying the speed of the lock 9.
  • the lock 9 can be replaced by another discharge device with controllable throughput, for example by a screw conveyor or a redler.
  • gamma-ray level meters 8a can also be used, for example, which are connected to the controller via lines 17a.
  • the invention can also be used, for example, in the device according to the aforementioned publication, in which the collecting pipe coaxially surrounds the entrained flow pipe and is provided with a height-adjustable upper part for the purpose of controlling the visual effect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

1. Apparatus for heat treatment, especially for drying, a granular material in a gas stream, with a vertical flash pipe (1), with a classifier (4) located at the end of the flash pipe, with a collecting pipe (6) for recycled granular material after the classifier, and a discharge pipe (11) for the classified granular material, with a discharge device (9) at the end of the collecting pipe, and with a recycling pipe (10) from the discharge device to the flash pipe, characterized by a level indicator (8, 8a) for the collecting pipe (6) and a regulator (18) actuated by the measured value and acting upon the discharge device (rotary valve 9) and/or the classifier (4).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Vorrichtungen dieser Gattung sind schon in den verschiedensten Ausführungen bekannt, z. B. durch dieDE-OS 22 32 611. Dabei werden am Ende des Fugstromrohres die groben, noch feuchten oder nicht genügend durchgewärmten Körner aus dem Behandlungsgas abgeschieden, das, mit den feineren, fertigbehandelten Teilchen beladen, einem Fertigproduktabscheider zugeführt wird. Die schwereren Teilchen werden durch das Sammelrohr zurück in das Flugstromrohr geführt. Die Austragvorrichtung am unteren Ende des Sammelrohres dient zur Druckabschottung.Devices of this type are already known in a wide variety of designs, e.g. B. by DE-OS 22 32 611. At the end of the Fugstromrohres the coarse, still moist or insufficiently heated grains are separated from the treatment gas, which, loaded with the finer, finished particles, is fed to a finished product separator. The heavier particles are fed back through the collecting pipe into the entrained flow pipe. The discharge device at the lower end of the manifold serves to seal off the pressure.

Auf diese Weise werden grobe, schwere Teilchen mehrfach behandelt und auf Restfeuchten gebracht, die in einmaligem Durchgang nicht erreichbar sind. Trotzdem können die Ergebnisse nicht in jedem Fall voll befriedigen. Beim ersten Durchgang wird bei den gröberen Teilchen nur das anhaftende Oberflächenwasser verdampft. Die verbleibende Restfeuchte ist überwiegend innere, kapillar gebundene Feuchte. Diese Feuchte braucht eine gewisse Zeit, um an die Kornoberfläche zu gelangen. Bei den bekannten Vorrichtungen wird aber der Weg vom Sichter zurück in das Flugstromrohr in wenigen Sekunden im freien Fall zurückgelegt. Diese Zeit ist für die Diffusionsvorgänge zu kurz. Die rückgeführten Körner haben daher eine völlig trockene Oberfläche, wenn sie erneut mit dem-.heißen Behandlungsgas in Berührung kommen. Die von dem Gas auf die Körner übergehende Wärne bewirkt daher weniger eine Verdampfung der Restfeuchte, sondern vor allem eine starke Erhitzung der Oberfläche. Das Ergebnis ist bei einigen Produkten eine Schädigung der oberflächennahen Schichten und eine durch Abplatzen verursachte starke Staubentwicklung. Da bei den bekannten Vorrichtungen die Sichter in den meisten Fällen relativ einfach ausgebildet sind und nur eine unscharfe Selektivität haben, gelangt stets auch ein merklicher Feinkornanteil in die Rückführung. Dieses an sich schon fertigbehandelte Gut wird beim erneuten Durchgang überhitzt und kann durch Zersetzung, Schwelung o.dgl. geschädigt werden. Ferner beobachtet man vielfach infolge der großen Fallhöhe im Sammelrohr eine erhebliche Kornzertrümmerung sowie Verschleiß an den betroffenen Teilen der Leitung.In this way, coarse, heavy particles are treated several times and brought to residual moisture that cannot be reached in a single pass. Still, they can Do not fully satisfy results in every case. In the first pass, only the adhering surface water is evaporated from the coarser particles. The remaining residual moisture is predominantly internal, capillary-bound moisture. This moisture takes a certain amount of time to reach the grain surface. In the known devices, however, the path from the classifier back into the entrained flow tube is covered in free fall in a few seconds. This time is too short for the diffusion processes. The returned grains therefore have a completely dry surface when they come into contact with the hot treatment gas again. The heat transferred from the gas to the grains therefore causes less evaporation of the residual moisture, but above all a strong heating of the surface. The result for some products is damage to the layers near the surface and a strong dust development caused by flaking. Since the classifiers in the known devices are in most cases relatively simple and have only a fuzzy selectivity, a noticeable fine grain fraction always gets into the return. This material, which has already been finished, is overheated when it is passed through again and can be decomposed, smoldered or the like. be harmed. Furthermore, due to the large fall height in the collecting pipe, considerable grain crushing and wear on the affected parts of the line are observed.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Gattung so zu verbessern, daß die angegebenen Nachteile, insbesondere die unerwünschte Kornzerkleinerung und die Materialschädigung, weitgehend vermieden werden.The invention has for its object to improve a device of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 so that the stated disadvantages, in particular the undesired grain size reduction and material damage, are largely avoided.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch das kennzeichnende Merkmal des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Durch Aufrechterhaltung eines Füllstandes, der vorzugsweise im wesentlichen der Höhe des Sammelrohres entspricht, wird die Fallhöhe des abgeschiedenen Grobgutes auf ein Mindestmaß reduziert. Das Grobgut bildet in dem Sammelrohr eine langsam nach unten rutschende Schüttgutsäule. Die lange Verweilzeit - vorzugsweise zehn bis dreißig Minuten - ermöglicht Stoff- und Wärmeaustauschvorgänge. Bei den gröberen Körnern kann die innere Feuchtigkeit an die Oberfläche diffundieren. Innerhalb des Korns gleicht sich.-die Temperatur aus, wobei sich die Oberfläche abkühlt und die Wärme in das kühl gebliebene Korninnere fließt. Das heiße Feinkorn überträgt einen Teil seiner Wärme auf das Grobkorn und nimmt dafür vom Grobkorn Feuchte auf. Bei der Wiederaufgabe in das Flugstromrohr sind also die Eigenschaften des rückgeführten Materials sowohl innerhalb des einzelnen Korns als auch innerhalb der Gesamtmasse weitgehend vergleichmäßigt. Dadurch werden die eingangs beschriebenen partiellen Schädigungen vermieden.This object is achieved by the characterizing feature of claim 1. By upright maintenance of a fill level, which preferably corresponds essentially to the height of the collecting tube, the fall height of the separated coarse material is reduced to a minimum. The coarse material forms a column of bulk goods slowly sliding downwards in the collecting tube. The long dwell time - preferably ten to thirty minutes - enables mass and heat exchange processes. With the coarser grains, the inner moisture can diffuse to the surface. Inside the grain, the temperature evens out, whereby the surface cools and the heat flows into the cool inside of the grain. The hot fine grain transfers part of its heat to the coarse grain and absorbs moisture from the coarse grain. When it is re-introduced into the entrained flow tube, the properties of the returned material are largely even both within the individual grain and within the total mass. This avoids the partial damage described at the outset.

Weitere vorteilhafte Merkmale der Erfindung sind in den Ansprüchen 2 und 3 angegeben.Further advantageous features of the invention are specified in claims 2 and 3.

Die Zeichnung dient zur Erläuterung der Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels.The drawing serves to explain the invention using an exemplary embodiment.

Ein Flugstromrohr 1, das in seinem unteren Bereich mit einer Naßgutaufgabe 2 versehen ist, ist über einen Krümmer mit einem Heißgaserzeuger 3 verbunden. An das obere Ende des Flugstromrohres schließt sich ein Sichter 4 an, der in bekannter Weise als Umlenkhaube ausgebildet ist. Darin ist eine verstellbare Klappe 5 zur Beeinflussung der Rücklaufmenge angeordnet. Der Auslauf des Sichters 4 ist mit dem oberen Ende eines senkrecht stehenden, schlanken Sammelrohres 6 verbunden. Dieses ruht auf einer nur angedeuteten Stützkonstruktion 7, die mit Druckmeßdosen 8 ausgerüstet ist. Am unteren Ende des Sammelrohres 6 ist als Austragvorrichtung eine Schleuse 9 angebracht. Von dort geht eine Leitung 10 aus, die oberhalb der Naßgutaufgabe 2 in das Flugstromrohr 1 mündet. Für das mit dem Fertiggut beladeneibehandlungsgas ist von dem Sichter 4 eine Leitung 11 zu einem Fertiggutabscheider 12 geführt. Von dort geht eine Abgasleitung 13 mit einem Ventilator 14 aus. Der obere Bereich des Sammelrohres 6 ist durch eine Brüdenleitung 15 mit der Leitung 11 verbunden. Zwecks Vermeidung von Kondensatbildung und Materialansätzen sind das Sammelrohr 6 und die Brüdenleitung 15 je mit einer Mantelheizung 16 versehen. Vielfach genügt auch eine Isolierung. Von den Druckmeßdosen 8, deren Signal ein Maß für den Füllstand des Sammelrohres 6 ist, ist eine Leitung 17 zu einem Regler 18 geführt. Mit Hilfe des Reglers wird - wie durch die Linie 19 symbolisiert - die Drehzahl der Schleuse 9 in dem Sinne beeinflußt, daß der Füllstand in dem Sammelrohr 6 konstant gehalten wird. Eine andere Möglichkeit zur Konstanthaltung des Füllstandes besteht darin, daß gemäß Linie 20 der Regler 18 auf die Klappe 5 des Sichters 4 einwirkt und so die Menge der abgeschiedenen Fraktion beeinflußt. Hierbei läßt sich durch Vorgabe der Drehzahl der Schleuse 9 die Menge des rückgeführten Gutes beliebig einstellen.An entrained flow tube 1, which is provided with a wet material feed 2 in its lower region, is connected to a hot gas generator 3 via a manifold. At the upper end of the entrained flow pipe, a classifier 4 connects, which is designed in a known manner as a deflection hood. An adjustable flap 5 for influencing the return flow quantity is arranged therein. The outlet of the classifier 4 is connected to the upper end of a vertical, slender collecting tube 6. This rests on an only indicated support structure 7, the 8 with pressure cells is preparing. At the lower end of the collecting tube 6, a lock 9 is attached as a discharge device. From there, a line 10 starts, which opens into the entrained flow tube 1 above the wet material feed 2. For the egg treatment gas loaded with the finished product, a line 11 is led from the classifier 4 to a finished product separator 12. An exhaust pipe 13 with a fan 14 extends from there. The upper region of the collecting tube 6 is connected to the line 11 by a vapor line 15. In order to avoid the formation of condensate and material deposits, the collecting tube 6 and the vapor line 15 are each provided with a jacket heater 16. Insulation is often sufficient. A line 17 leads from the pressure load cells 8, the signal of which is a measure of the fill level of the collecting tube 6, to a controller 18. With the help of the controller - as symbolized by line 19 - the speed of the lock 9 is influenced in the sense that the fill level in the collecting tube 6 is kept constant. Another possibility for keeping the fill level constant is that according to line 20 the regulator 18 acts on the flap 5 of the classifier 4 and thus influences the amount of the separated fraction. Here, the amount of the returned material can be set as desired by specifying the speed of the lock 9.

Das beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel kann in vielfacher Weise variiert werden. Zum Beispiel kann die Schleuse 9 durch eine andere Austrageinrichtung mit steuerbarem Durchsatz ersetzt werden, zum Beispiel durch einen Schneckenförderer oder einen Redler. Anstelle der Druckmeßdosen 8 können auch zum Beispiel Gammastrahl-Pegelmesser 8a eingesetzt werden, die über Leitungen 17a mit dem Regler verbunden sind. Die Erfindung ist zum Beispiel auch bei der Vorrichtung gemäß der eingangs genannten Offenlegungsschrift anwendbar, bei der das Sammelrohr das Flugstromrohr koaxial umschließt und zwecks Steuerung der Sichtwirkung mit einem höhenveränderlichen Oberteil versehen ist.The described embodiment can be varied in many ways. For example, the lock 9 can be replaced by another discharge device with controllable throughput, for example by a screw conveyor or a redler. Instead of the load cells 8, gamma-ray level meters 8a can also be used, for example, which are connected to the controller via lines 17a. The invention can also be used, for example, in the device according to the aforementioned publication, in which the collecting pipe coaxially surrounds the entrained flow pipe and is provided with a height-adjustable upper part for the purpose of controlling the visual effect.

Claims (3)

1. Vorrichtung zum Wärmebehandeln, insbesondere zum Trocknen eines körnigen Gutes in einem Gasstrom, mit einem lotrechten Elugstromrohr, mit einem am Ende des Flugstromrohres anschließenden Sichter, mit einem vom Ausgang des Sichters ausgehenden Sammelrohr, mit einer Austragvorrichtung am anderen Ende des Sammelrohres, und mit einer von der Austragvorrichtung zum Flugstromrohr zurückgeführten Leitung, gekennzeichnet durch ein dem Sammelrohr (6) zugeordnetes Füllstandmeßgerät (8, 8a) und einen mit dem Meßwert beaufschlagten Regler (18), der auf die Austragvorrichtung (Schleuse 9) und/oder den Sichter (4) einwirkt. 1. Device for heat treatment, in particular for drying a granular material in a gas stream, with a vertical Elugstrom pipe, with a classifier connected to the end of the entrained flow tube, with a collecting tube starting from the exit of the classifier, with a discharge device at the other end of the collecting tube, and with a line returned from the discharge device to the entrained flow tube, characterized by a fill level measuring device (8, 8a) assigned to the collecting tube (6) and a controller (18) which is acted on by the measured value and which acts on the discharge device (lock 9) and / or the classifier (4). 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch eine von dem oberen Bereich des Sammelrohres (6) ausgehende Brüdenleitung (15).2. Device according to claim 1, characterized by a vapor line (15) extending from the upper region of the collecting tube (6). 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Sammelrohr (6) und gegebenenfalls die Brüdenleitung (15) mit einer Mantelheizung (16) versehen sind.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the collecting pipe (6) and optionally the vapor line (15) are provided with a jacket heater (16).
EP81107897A 1981-03-07 1981-10-03 Apparatus for heat-treating a granular material Expired EP0059783B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81107897T ATE4839T1 (en) 1981-03-07 1981-10-03 DEVICE FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF A GRANULAR MATERIAL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3108657 1981-03-07
DE19813108657 DE3108657A1 (en) 1981-03-07 1981-03-07 DEVICE FOR HEAT TREATING A GRAINY GOOD

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0059783A1 true EP0059783A1 (en) 1982-09-15
EP0059783B1 EP0059783B1 (en) 1983-09-28

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EP81107897A Expired EP0059783B1 (en) 1981-03-07 1981-10-03 Apparatus for heat-treating a granular material

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EP (1) EP0059783B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE4839T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3108657A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0153704A2 (en) * 1984-02-24 1985-09-04 Aktieselskabet De Danske Sukkerfabrikker Process and apparatus for removal of liquid from a solid particulate material
WO2011009457A1 (en) * 2009-07-20 2011-01-27 Gea Process Engineering A/S Method for drying a fluid or wet product, and drying apparatus for carrying out the method

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE514969A (en) *
FR1454685A (en) * 1964-11-04 1966-02-11 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Installation for direct heat exchange between a finely granulated material and a gas
FR1473956A (en) * 1965-12-23 1967-03-24 Prat Daniel S A Process and means for cooling granulated products
DE1567356A1 (en) * 1963-10-19 1970-06-25 Buettner Werke Ag Process for converting wet starch into dry starch of low bulk volume when using an electric circulating dryer

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1677359U (en) * 1952-08-25 1954-06-03 Buettner Werke Ag PNEUMATIC DRYER, ESPECIALLY FOR DRYING BREATHING, SLUDY OR FINE-GRAINED PRODUCTS.
DE1112458B (en) * 1959-10-08 1961-08-03 Buehler Ag Geb Self-regulating outlet on shaft-shaped treatment containers for bulk material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE514969A (en) *
DE1567356A1 (en) * 1963-10-19 1970-06-25 Buettner Werke Ag Process for converting wet starch into dry starch of low bulk volume when using an electric circulating dryer
FR1454685A (en) * 1964-11-04 1966-02-11 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Installation for direct heat exchange between a finely granulated material and a gas
FR1473956A (en) * 1965-12-23 1967-03-24 Prat Daniel S A Process and means for cooling granulated products

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0153704A2 (en) * 1984-02-24 1985-09-04 Aktieselskabet De Danske Sukkerfabrikker Process and apparatus for removal of liquid from a solid particulate material
EP0153704A3 (en) * 1984-02-24 1986-08-06 Aktieselskabet De Danske Sukkerfabrikker Process and apparatus for removal of liquid from a solid particulate material
WO2011009457A1 (en) * 2009-07-20 2011-01-27 Gea Process Engineering A/S Method for drying a fluid or wet product, and drying apparatus for carrying out the method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0059783B1 (en) 1983-09-28
DE3108657A1 (en) 1982-09-23
ATE4839T1 (en) 1983-10-15
DE3161042D1 (en) 1983-11-03

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