EP0058596B1 - Selective transmission system for traffic information - Google Patents

Selective transmission system for traffic information Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0058596B1
EP0058596B1 EP19820400178 EP82400178A EP0058596B1 EP 0058596 B1 EP0058596 B1 EP 0058596B1 EP 19820400178 EP19820400178 EP 19820400178 EP 82400178 A EP82400178 A EP 82400178A EP 0058596 B1 EP0058596 B1 EP 0058596B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
transmission system
coded
transmitters
vehicles
distress
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EP19820400178
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0058596A1 (en
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Jean Pierre Voisin
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Individual
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Individual
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/091—Traffic information broadcasting
    • G08G1/093—Data selection, e.g. prioritizing information, managing message queues, selecting the information to be output
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/016—Personal emergency signalling and security systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for selective transmission of traffic information.
  • the purpose of this system is to communicate to the occupants of road vehicles emergency messages and / or specific traffic information of a portion of road and / or of a direction of traffic.
  • This system makes it possible for example to give either information relating to all the vehicles traveling on the same route and / or in the same direction, or information relating to all the vehicles approaching the vicinity of an agglomeration or a crossroads, this information being able to indicate the presence of a traffic jam, an accident, a deviation, etc., or information relating to road carriers such as information on the thaw barriers, etc.
  • the reception zone or cell is defined by the radio coverage of the associated transmitter, even if the range of said transmitter can be modulated by deliberate interference caused by surrounding transmitters.
  • the latter system has been described in a publication entitled: "A proposed road traffic information service” described in Reprinted from E.B.U. Technical Review No. 166 (December 1977).
  • the subject of the invention is precisely a system for the selective transmission of road information which makes it possible to remedy these drawbacks.
  • it is not necessary to wait for the installation of all the infrastructure thereof to start the operational phase.
  • the physical materialization of the traffic information cells makes it possible to locate vehicles in difficulty such as, for example, damaged vehicles.
  • the system described in German patent No. 2 061 876, comprises one or more traffic information transmitters as well as traffic regions whose limits are defined, either by panels indicating a code to be displayed on the on-board receiver, or by location beacons whose transmission frequency remote controls the setting of the on-board receiver decoder.
  • all of the location transmitters that is to say of the first set of transmitters, work on the same frequency; the information is provided by an encoded alphanumeric signal the number of characters of which is not limited by the design of the system.
  • vehicles traveling can be reached simultaneously, either in all or part of one or more information cells, or for one or more routes followed by the vehicles, according to one of the two directions of travel. traffic or both. All this is not possible with the system described in the German patent.
  • each transmitter of the first set is placed on a portion of road crossing the limits of this cell and near these limits so as to materialize said cell, as well as on the portions of roads crossing a crossroads located in said cell.
  • the transmitters of the second set also called information transmitters, transmit, on medium waves, in amplitude modulation the traffic information messages and in frequency modulation or more exactly by frequency shifting the preambles preceding said messages.
  • these transmitters can transmit either on the same frequency and in timeshare so that transmitters, the radio coverage of which includes a common part, do not transmit simultaneously, or on different frequencies.
  • the on-board receivers further comprise means allowing the storage of fixed data characterizing the vehicles, on which said on-board receivers, and means allowing connection from the top -speaker to said on-board receivers, this connection being made after identification of the traffic information messages intended for said on-board receivers.
  • These on-board receivers are, moreover, each associated with an antenna and a loudspeaker which may be those an "auto-radio", that is to say a conventional type radio receiver.
  • the French or other territory is divided into a number of zones of variable dimensions, called traffic information cells; some of these cells have been represented in FIG. 1 which represents the arrangement on a region of said territory of the various elements constituting the selective transmission system of the invention.
  • the limits of these cells are defined by means of a first set of transmitters, also called location transmitters.
  • location transmitters are located on the portions of roads 4 crossing the limits of the traffic information cells. in this case the transmitters bear the reference 2a, and on the portions of roads 4 crossing a crossroads such as 6 located in one of the cells, in this other case said transmitters bear the reference 2b.
  • the location transmitters 2a actually physically materialize said traffic information cells.
  • the location transmitters 2 are capable of transmitting an alphanumeric coded location signal, an example of which will be given later, making it possible to identify one of the traffic information cells, the route and / or the direction of traffic followed by vehicles such as 8 moving in at least one of said cells.
  • Each of these vehicles represented in the form of rectangles, is associated with an arrow indicating the direction of traffic followed by said vehicle.
  • These localization transmitters 2 which can be electromagnetic loops, radio beacons operating in very high frequency (VHF) and in frequency modulation (FM), laser or infra-red transmitters, etc. all emit on the same frequency and have extremely reduced radio ranges, that is to say between 10 and 40 meters, and not contiguous and emit repetitively continuously.
  • VHF very high frequency
  • FM frequency modulation
  • laser or infra-red transmitters, etc. all emit on the same frequency and have extremely reduced radio ranges, that is to say between 10 and 40 meters, and not contiguous and emit repetitively continuously.
  • a vehicle 8 traveling on roads 4 equipped with location transmitters 2 is provided with a so-called on-board receiver, shown diagrammatically by a cross bearing the reference 10; this receiver is, in reality, part of a whole assembly called on-board equipment, the structure and operation of which will be given later.
  • These on-board receivers 10, in permanent standby, are capable of receiving the coded alphanumeric location signals transmitted by the location transmitters 2 and of keeping in memory the last coded location signal received.
  • the vehicle considered will first meet the location transmitter 2a of the cell it has just crossed, then that of the cell that it addresses and from which it will keep the coded location signal in memory until it leaves the cell.
  • these on-board receivers 10 are capable of detecting traffic information messages sent, in the case of French territory, from the regional traffic information centers (CRICR) and from the national traffic information center. (CNIR), by means of a second set of transmitters, also called information transmitters.
  • CRICR regional traffic information centers
  • CNIR national traffic information center.
  • One of these information transmitters has been represented in FIG. 1 and bears the reference 12.
  • These information transmitters 12 transmit either on the same frequency and in timeshare, so that two transmitters whose radio coverage includes a common part do not transmit simultaneously, or on different frequencies. In the latter case, the frequency adjustment of the on-board receiver 10 is then carried out automatically as soon as the coded location signals transmitted by the location transmitters are received; these localization signals then control the selection of the tuning frequency of the on-board receiver 10.
  • the information transmitters 12 are for example medium wave transmitters, that is to say transmitting in a frequency range ranging from 500 to 1,500 kilohertz (kHz).
  • Each of these information transmitters 12 transmits, in amplitude modulation, traffic information messages intended for a certain number of cells, the number of these cells constituting the radio-electric coverage area of said transmitter.
  • These traffic information messages are preceded by a coded alphanumeric preamble, analogous to the coded alphanumeric signal of localization emitted by the transmitters of localization 2, defining a cell, or a group of cells, the route and possibly the direction of traffic. followed by vehicles moving in the said cell or cells.
  • these preambles can define a vehicle category and / or a language spoken by the occupants of certain vehicles in the case of transmission of very selective information messages.
  • each traffic information message is followed by an end of message code, transmitted in frequency modulation or more precisely in FSK, indicating the end of said traffic information message.
  • the number of location transmitters 2 is large enough (see example of embodiment of the system), it is possible to envisage equipping vehicles with a distress transmitter operating for example in frequency modulation.
  • These distress transmitters shown diagrammatically by a circle marked with the reference 14, are in reality, like the on-board receiver 10, on-board equipment.
  • the fixed data characterizing each vehicle are for example the category of said vehicle, its brand, its color, its registration number, etc ...
  • the transmissions of the distress messages can be triggered either manually by one of the occupants of the vehicle in difficulty, for example by means of a conventional push button or, following a violent shock resulting from a accident, by means of an inertia shock detector, the supply of said detector being able to be made by the battery of said vehicle through an accumulator mounted in buffer.
  • an inertia shock detector the supply of said detector being able to be made by the battery of said vehicle through an accumulator mounted in buffer.
  • the supply to the distress transmitter 14 will then be ensured for a sufficient time by the accumulator.
  • the emission of distress messages causes the operation of a buzzer, installed in said vehicle and intended to warn the occupants of it.
  • a correction signal analogous to the distress message previously transmitted can be sent by the occupants of said vehicle for example by means of a push button of the type classic.
  • These distress messages are likely to be received by a network of emergency receivers, shown diagrammatically by a rectangle bearing the reference 16, arranged in the vicinity of the emergency assistance centers, each of a group of traffic information cells.
  • These emergency receivers 16, after identification or decoding of the distress messages, can store and display said messages as well as trigger a visual and / or audible alarm located in the relevant emergency center.
  • One of these rescue centers has been represented in FIG. 1 and bears the reference 18.
  • the limits of a rescue zone corresponding to this rescue center 18 and corresponding to a given number of information cells road, or four cells in Figure 1, have been shown schematically in solid lines in said figure.
  • These emergency centers 18 can be, for example, as far as French territory is concerned, the stations of the emergency medical aid services (SAMU) and the regional emergency medical services (SMUR), the fire stations, etc ...
  • SAMU stations of the emergency medical aid services
  • SUR regional emergency medical services
  • the on-board equipment of the vehicles is represented essentially consisting of the on-board receiver 10 and the distress transmitter 14.
  • the on-board receiver 10 is associated with an antenna 20 and with a loudspeaker 22 provided with a power amplifier 24.
  • This antenna 20 and this loudspeaker 22 can be those of a radiophonic receiver of conventional or auto type. radio 26, if the vehicle in question has one.
  • the on-board receiver consists of two reception subsets and a data processing unit.
  • the first of these two reception subsets is capable of receiving the coded location signals transmitted by location transmitters 2.
  • the nature of these location receivers 28 depends on the nature location transmitters 2. In fact, if the location transmitter 2 transmits in frequency modulation, said location receiver 28 will operate in frequency modulation.
  • Each coded location signal received will then be demodulated by means of a demodulator such as 30, then processed in a data processing system 32 and finally memorized in a memory 34.
  • the reception of another coded location signal will automatically erase the signal. previously stored code.
  • the second reception subset is capable of receiving traffic information messages as well as the coded preambles preceding said messages, these messages and preambles being transmitted by the information transmitters. 12.
  • the coded preamble of each traffic information message, transmitted in frequency modulation will first of all be demodulated by means of a demodulator such as 38, preceded by a bandpass filter 37, then processed in a system preprocessing 40.
  • the coded preamble will then be compared by means of a comparator 42 to the coded location signal stored in the memory 34. If part of the coded preamble is identical to the coded stored location signal, the hearing of the message traffic information can take place.
  • the tapping that is to say the connection of the loudspeaker 22 to the information receiver 36, can be made, either manually by the occupants of the vehicle in question, said occupants having been warned by means of an audible alarm and / or visual, either automatically by means of a switch.
  • the control system allowing the wiretapping and the automatic switching or not of the loudspeaker 22 are shown diagrammatically by the device 44.
  • the device 44 interrupts the listening of said car radio, if the latter is in operation, and connects the speaker as well as the low frequency stages of said car radio, the on-board receiver then being integrated therein, so that traffic information messages can be heard by the occupants of said vehicle.
  • the device 44 reconnects the loudspeaker 22 on the radio 26 and the occupants of the vehicle can again listen to the radio broadcast previously interrupted.
  • the recommutation or reconnection of the loudspeaker 22 on the radio 26 is carried out after the end of message signal which follows the traffic information message has been detected by a detector 46.
  • an internal delay can be provided for on board receiver, this delay of a few tens of seconds, being carried out by means of the device 48 provided for this purpose.
  • the data processing system described above that is to say the means allowing the processing of the coded preambles and the coded location signals as well as the storage of said coded location signals, is further constituted by a memory 50 containing the fixed data characterizing each vehicle, that is to say the vehicle category, its brand, its color, its registration number, etc. as well as the language spoken by the occupants of said vehicle.
  • the coded preamble preceding said traffic information message then includes, in more than the part corresponding to the coded location signal, a part corresponding to this fixed data stored in the memory 50.
  • hearing the traffic information message, for a vehicle category and / or a certain language is done after having compared by means of comparator 42 the corresponding part of the preamble to the fixed data stored at 50.
  • a vehicle in difficulty can transmit a coded distress message comprising the coded alphanumeric location signal stored in memory 34 as well as the fixed data characterizing said vehicle stored in memory 50.
  • This message distress in order to be transmitted in frequency modulation, must be modulated by means of a modulator such as 52.
  • the reference 54 represents one of the means making it possible to trigger the emission of said distress message, one of these means being for example the inertia shock detector and the reference 56 the buzzer indicating to the occupants of said vehicle the emission of said distress messages.
  • the memory 34 and the memory 50 can be permanently supplied by the battery of the vehicle on which the on-board equipment is installed, the rest of the said equipment being put on standby as soon as the contact is established.
  • FIG. 3 shows the different formats of the coded alphanumeric signals used in the transmission system according to the invention.
  • the first format bearing the reference I represents the coded location signal
  • the second format bearing the reference p represents the coded preamble sent before the traffic information messages
  • the third format bearing the reference d represents the distress message.
  • These three formats I, p, d are preceded by a starting code making it possible to identify them for example by a code LL representing the starting code for the coded identification signal I, PP for the coded preamble p and DD for the distress message d.
  • These different formats then consist for example of a character E, a character Z, two characters CC, the first character corresponding to a group of cells, and the second to a cell of this group, two characters Il and with a character S respectively indicating the number of the information transmitter, optionally used for the selection of the tuning frequency of the on-board receiver 10 and in particular of the information receiver 36 when the information transmitters transmit on different frequencies, the number of the emergency zone, the cell number, the route and the direction of traffic followed by the vehicles moving in said cell.
  • the second signal p corresponding to the coded preamble, comprises two additional characters, a character T and a character L respectively indicating the category of the vehicle and the language spoken by the occupants of said vehicle.
  • the third signal d corresponding to the distress message comprises, in addition to the two characters T and L, two additional characters CO indicating for example the make of the vehicle, its color or its registration number, these characters allow identification by the emergency centers of said vehicle in the event of an accident, as well as a DD code corresponding to the distress signal emitted by the distress transmitters.
  • a fourth signal is shown with the reference f. This signal represents the end of message signal sent after the transmission of traffic information messages.
  • the number of traffic information cells as well as their size depend only on the number of messages that one wishes to send as well as on the level of selectivity of said messages. Consequently, the number of location transmitters, the number of information transmitters, as well as the number of emergency centers can be modified as a function of the number of said cells.
  • the number of location transmitters depends on the radio range.
  • the reception of coded location signals transmitted by said transmitters can take place at least one times by a vehicle traveling at a speed of 140 kilometers per hour (km / h) while ensuring sufficient protection against other coded location signals transmitted by neighboring location transmitters.
  • This radio range as well as the spacing between two location transmitters can be reduced as a function of the maximum speed authorized for said vehicles, that is to say for a speed of 90 km / h, the radio range of said location transmitters may be 20 m and the spacing between two location transmitters of 100 m.

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Description

La présente invention a pour objet un système de transmission sélectif d'informations routières. Ce système a pour but de communiquer aux occupants de véhicules routiers des messages d'urgence et/ou d'informations routières spécifiques d'une portion de route et/ou d'un sens de circulation.The present invention relates to a system for selective transmission of traffic information. The purpose of this system is to communicate to the occupants of road vehicles emergency messages and / or specific traffic information of a portion of road and / or of a direction of traffic.

Ce système permet par exemple de donner soit des informations concernant tous les véhicules circulant sur un même itinéraire et/ou dans une même direction, soit des informations concernant tous les véhicules abordant le voisinage d'une agglomération ou d'un carrefour, ces informations pouvant indiquer la présence d'un embouteillage, d'un accident, d'une déviation etc.., soit des informations concernant les transporteurs routiers telles que des informations sur les barrières de dégel, etc...This system makes it possible for example to give either information relating to all the vehicles traveling on the same route and / or in the same direction, or information relating to all the vehicles approaching the vicinity of an agglomeration or a crossroads, this information being able to indicate the presence of a traffic jam, an accident, a deviation, etc., or information relating to road carriers such as information on the thaw barriers, etc.

Actuellement, les différents systèmes de transmission d'informations routières connus reposent essentiellement sur la sélection des véhicules destinataires par la sélection d'un émetteur émettant lesdites informations. Parmi ces systèmes, certains permettent de sélectionner un sens de circulation au moyen de systèmes dits de « bord de route ». De tels systèmes de « bord de route ont été décrits dans les brevets français n° 2 203 120, 2 207 279 et 2 222 710.Currently, the various known traffic information transmission systems are essentially based on the selection of destination vehicles by the selection of a transmitter transmitting said information. Among these systems, some make it possible to select a direction of traffic by means of so-called "roadside" systems. Such “roadside” systems have been described in French patents 2 203 120, 2 207 279 and 2 222 710.

Dans tous les systèmes connus, la zone ou cellule de réception est définie par la couverture radio-électrique de l'émetteur associé, et ce même si la portée dudit émetteur peut être modulée par des brouillages volontaires provoqués par des émetteurs environnants. Ce dernier système a été décrit dans une publication intitulée : « A proposed road traffic information service » décrite dans Reprinted from E.B.U. Review-Tech- nical n° 166 (December 1977).In all known systems, the reception zone or cell is defined by the radio coverage of the associated transmitter, even if the range of said transmitter can be modulated by deliberate interference caused by surrounding transmitters. The latter system has been described in a publication entitled: "A proposed road traffic information service" described in Reprinted from E.B.U. Technical Review No. 166 (December 1977).

Ces systèmes présentent un certain nombre d'inconvénients liés essentiellement à leur exploitation. En particulier, ces systèmes ne présentent aucune souplesse d'emploi et nécessitent, pour être mis en exploitation, que l'infrastructure ait été totalement mise en place sur tout le territoire considéré ou tout au moins dans une région donnée ; ceci est lié au fait que la zone ou cellule de réception est définie par la couverture radio-électrique de l'émetteur associé, la position géographique de ce dernier déterminant ladite zone. Les systèmes de transmission d'informations routières connus jusqu'à ce jour n'envisageaient pas la localisation de véhicules se trouvant en difficulté, comme par exemple des véhicules accidentés.These systems have a certain number of drawbacks linked essentially to their operation. In particular, these systems offer no flexibility of use and require, in order to be put into operation, that the infrastructure has been fully implemented throughout the territory considered or at least in a given region; this is linked to the fact that the reception zone or cell is defined by the radio coverage of the associated transmitter, the geographical position of the latter determining said zone. The traffic information transmission systems known to date have not envisaged the location of vehicles in difficulty, such as for example damaged vehicles.

L'invention a justement pour objet un système de transmission sélectif d'informations routières permettant de remédier à ces inconvénients. En particulier, avec le système de l'invention, il n'est pas nécessaire d'attendre la mise en place de toute l'infrastructure de celui-ci pour débuter la phase opérationnelle.The subject of the invention is precisely a system for the selective transmission of road information which makes it possible to remedy these drawbacks. In particular, with the system of the invention, it is not necessary to wait for the installation of all the infrastructure thereof to start the operational phase.

De façon plus précise, l'invention a pour objet un système de transmission sélectif d'informations routières comprenant de façon connue par le document DE-A-2 061 876 :

  • un premier ensemble d'émetteurs définissant, sur un territoire donné, des cellules d'informations routières, chaque émetteur de ce premier ensemble étant apte à émettre, sur une fréquence unique commune à tous les émetteurs de ce premier ensemble, un signal codé de localisation permettant d'identifier, l'une desdites cellules, l'itinéraire et/ou le sens de circulation suivie par des véhicules susceptibles de se déplacer dans au moins une desdites cellules ;
  • un deuxième ensemble d'émetteurs aptes à émettre, chacun, des messages d'informations routières à destination desdits véhicules, ces messages étant précédés d'un préambule codé analogue audit signal codé de localisation permettant d'identifier au moins une desdites cellules, l'itinéraire et/ou le sens de circulation suivis par lesdits véhicules dans au moins une desdites cellules ; et
  • un récepteur de bord, en veille permanente, monté sur chacun desdits véhicules, comprenant un premier sous-ensemble de réception apte à recevoir les signaux codés de localisation, des moyens permettant le traitement desdits signaux codés de localisation, un deuxième sous-ensemble de réception apte à recevoir les messages d'informations routières et les préambules codés associés, des moyens permettant le traitement desdits préambules et des moyens permettant l'identification des messages d'informations destinés à chacun desdits véhicules par comparaison desdits préambules au dernier signal codé de localisation tant que lesdits véhicules sont susceptibles de se déplacer dans au moins une desdites cellules, suivant au moins un itinéraire et/ou au moins un sens de circulation donnés, le système de transmission de l'invention étant caractérisé en ce que le signal codé de localisation et le préambule codé sont des signaux alphanumériques, en ce que le dernier signal codé de localisation est conservé en mémoire et en ce qu'il comprend encore :
  • des émetteurs de détresse montés sur les véhicules, un émetteur de détresse par véhicule, susceptibles d'émettre des messages de détresse alphanumériques codés comportant un signal de détresse, le signal codé de localisation conservé en mémoire dans les récepteurs de bord et des données fixes mises en mémoire caractérisant chaque véhicule ainsi qu'un réseau de récepteurs de secours susceptibles de recevoir et d'identifier lesdits messages codés, ces récepteurs de secours étant disposés au voisinage de centres de secours responsables, chacun, d'un groupe de cellules.
More specifically, the subject of the invention is a system for the selective transmission of traffic information comprising, in a manner known from document DE-A-2 061 876:
  • a first set of transmitters defining, on a given territory, traffic information cells, each transmitter of this first set being able to transmit, on a single frequency common to all the transmitters of this first set, a coded location signal making it possible to identify, one of said cells, the route and / or the direction of traffic followed by vehicles capable of moving in at least one of said cells;
  • a second set of transmitters capable of transmitting, each, traffic information messages intended for said vehicles, these messages being preceded by a coded preamble analogous to said coded location signal making it possible to identify at least one of said cells, the route and / or direction of traffic followed by said vehicles in at least one of said cells; and
  • an on-board receiver, in permanent standby, mounted on each of said vehicles, comprising a first reception sub-assembly capable of receiving the coded location signals, means allowing the processing of said coded location signals, a second reception sub-assembly able to receive traffic information messages and associated coded preambles, means allowing the processing of said preambles and means allowing the identification of information messages intended for each of said vehicles by comparison of said preambles to the last coded location signal both that said vehicles are capable of moving in at least one of said cells, following at least one given route and / or at least one direction of traffic, the transmission system of the invention being characterized in that the coded location signal and the coded preamble are alphanumeric signals, in that the last coded localization signal is kept in memory and in that it still includes:
  • distress transmitters mounted on vehicles, one distress transmitter per vehicle, capable of transmitting coded alphanumeric distress messages comprising a distress signal, the coded location signal stored in memory in the on-board receivers and fixed data put in memory characterizing each vehicle as well as a network of emergency receivers capable of receiving and identifying said coded messages, these emergency receivers being arranged in the vicinity of responsible emergency centers, each of a group of cells.

La matérialisation physique des cellules d'informations routières permet une localisation des véhicules se trouvant en difficulté comme par exemple des véhicules accidentés.The physical materialization of the traffic information cells makes it possible to locate vehicles in difficulty such as, for example, damaged vehicles.

L'utilisation d'un préambule codé précédant les messages d'informations routières confère au système de transmission de l'invention une grande souplesse d'emploi. En particulier, on peut signaler l'intérêt de ce système pour les services d'exploitation de modifier à volonté ledit système en jouant uniquement sur ledit préambule, ce qui permet une grande selectivité dans les messages d'informations routières. On peut, par exemple, discriminer une catégorie de véhicule (transporteurs routiers), de même que la langue parlée par le conducteur, ce qui permet la création d'un système international.The use of a coded preamble preceding the traffic information messages gives the transmission system of the invention great flexibility of use. In particular, we can point out the interest of this system for operating services to modify at will said system by playing only on said preamble, which allows great selectivity in traffic information messages. We can, for example, discriminate a category of vehicle (road transporters), as well as the language spoken by the driver, which allows the creation of an international system.

Certains systèmes connus jusqu'à ce jour utilisaient des préambules ou codes précédant les messages d'informations routières, mais ces codes concernaient des codes de début de messages ou des codes d'urgence. Ces codes, contrairement à ceux de l'invention, ne permettaient pas de faire une sélection parmi les messages d'informations routières émis, ces derniers étant reçus par tous les véhicules sans distinction possible entre eux. De tels systèmes ont été décrits par exemple dans un brevet français n° 2 227 690 intitulé « Dispositif de transmission de données".Some systems known to date used preambles or codes preceding traffic announcements, but these codes concerned start of message codes or emergency codes. These codes, unlike those of the invention, did not allow a selection to be made from the traffic information messages sent, the latter being received by all vehicles without any possible distinction between them. Such systems have been described for example in a French patent No. 2,227,690 entitled "Data transmission device".

Le système, décrit dans le brevet allemand n° 2 061 876, comprend un ou des émetteurs d'informations routières ainsi que des régions de circulation dont les limites sont définies, soit par des panneaux indiquant un code à afficher sur le récepteur de bord, soit par des balises de localisation dont la fréquence d'émission télécommande le réglage du décodeur du récepteur de bord.The system, described in German patent No. 2 061 876, comprises one or more traffic information transmitters as well as traffic regions whose limits are defined, either by panels indicating a code to be displayed on the on-board receiver, or by location beacons whose transmission frequency remote controls the setting of the on-board receiver decoder.

Par rapport à cette dernière solution, qui peut sembler très proche de celle utilisée dans l'invention, la différence majeure est liée à la nature des signaux transmis, ces signaux étant des signaux alphanumériques codés, dans le système de l'invention, et des fréquences, dans le système décrit dans le brevet allemand. La nature de ces signaux conduit le système allemand à une sélectivité beaucoup plus modeste des cellules d'informations. En effet, à chacune des cellules d'informations correspond une fréquence pour les balises de localisation.Compared to this latter solution, which may seem very close to that used in the invention, the major difference is related to the nature of the signals transmitted, these signals being coded alphanumeric signals, in the system of the invention, and frequencies, in the system described in the German patent. The nature of these signals leads the German system to a much more modest selectivity of information cells. In fact, each of the information cells has a frequency for the location tags.

Par ailleurs, le réseau d'informations défini dans le brevet allemand, est figé dès que toutes les fréquences de localisation prévues ont été utilisées.In addition, the information network defined in the German patent is frozen as soon as all the planned location frequencies have been used.

Dans le système de l'invention, tous les émetteurs de localisation, c'est-à-dire du premier ensemble d'émetteurs, travaillent sur une même fréquence ; l'information est fournie par un signal alphanumérique codé dont le nombre de caractères n'est pas limité par la conception du système.In the system of the invention, all of the location transmitters, that is to say of the first set of transmitters, work on the same frequency; the information is provided by an encoded alphanumeric signal the number of characters of which is not limited by the design of the system.

De plus, avec le système de l'invention on peut atteindre simultanément des véhicules circulant, soit dans tout ou partie d'une ou plusieurs cellules d'informations, soit pour un ou plusieurs itinéraires suivis par les véhicules, suivant un des deux sens de circulation ou les deux. Tout ceci n'est pas envisageable avec le système décrit dans le brevet allemand.In addition, with the system of the invention, vehicles traveling can be reached simultaneously, either in all or part of one or more information cells, or for one or more routes followed by the vehicles, according to one of the two directions of travel. traffic or both. All this is not possible with the system described in the German patent.

Selon un mode préféré de réalisation de l'invention, chaque émetteur du premier ensemble, appelé émetteur de localisation, correspondant à une cellule donnée, est placé sur une portion de route traversant les limites de cette cellule et à proximité de ces limites de façon à matérialiser ladite cellule, ainsi que sur les portions de routes traversant un carrefour situé dans ladite cellule.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, each transmitter of the first set, called location transmitter, corresponding to a given cell, is placed on a portion of road crossing the limits of this cell and near these limits so as to materialize said cell, as well as on the portions of roads crossing a crossroads located in said cell.

Selon un autre mode préféré de réalisation de l'invention, les émetteurs du deuxième ensemble, appelés aussi émetteurs d'informations, émettent, sur ondes moyennes, en modulation d'amplitude les messages d'informations routières et en modulation de fréquence ou plus exactement par déplacement de fréquence les préambules précédant lesdits messages. De plus ces émetteurs peuvent émettre soit, sur la même fréquence et en temps partagé de façon que des émetteurs, dont les couvertures radio-électriques comportent une partie commune, n'émettent pas simultanément soit, sur des fréquences différentes.According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the transmitters of the second set, also called information transmitters, transmit, on medium waves, in amplitude modulation the traffic information messages and in frequency modulation or more exactly by frequency shifting the preambles preceding said messages. In addition, these transmitters can transmit either on the same frequency and in timeshare so that transmitters, the radio coverage of which includes a common part, do not transmit simultaneously, or on different frequencies.

Selon un autre mode préféré de réalisation de l'invention, les récepteurs de bord comprennent, de plus, des moyens permettant la mémorisation de données fixes caractérisant les véhicules, sur lesquels lesdits récepteurs de bord sont montés, et des moyens permettant la connexion du haut-parleur auxdits récepteurs de bord, cette connexion étant faite après identification des messages d"informations routières destinés auxdits récepteurs de bord. Ces récepteurs de bord sont, de plus, associés, chacun, à une antenne et à un haut-parleur pouvant être ceux d'un « auto-radio », c'est-à-dire un récepteur radiophonique de type classique.According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the on-board receivers further comprise means allowing the storage of fixed data characterizing the vehicles, on which said on-board receivers, and means allowing connection from the top -speaker to said on-board receivers, this connection being made after identification of the traffic information messages intended for said on-board receivers. These on-board receivers are, moreover, each associated with an antenna and a loudspeaker which may be those an "auto-radio", that is to say a conventional type radio receiver.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront mieux de la description qui va suivre, donnée à titre purement illustratif et non limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées, dans lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 représente schématiquement le système de transmission sélectif de l'invention ainsi que l'agencement des différents éléments le constituant ;
  • la figure 2 représente schématiquement l'équipement de bord monté sur les véhicules auxquels est appliqué le système de l'invention ; et
  • la figure 3 représente schématiquement un exemple des différents signaux codés utilisés dans le système de l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly from the description which follows, given purely by way of illustration and without limitation, with reference to the appended figures, in which:
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents the selective transmission system of the invention as well as the arrangement of the various elements constituting it;
  • FIG. 2 schematically represents the on-board equipment mounted on the vehicles to which the system of the invention is applied; and
  • FIG. 3 schematically represents an example of the different coded signals used in the system of the invention.

Selon l'invention, le territoire français ou autre est divisé en un certain nombre de zones de dimensions variables, appelées cellules d'informations routières ; quelques-unes de ces cellules ont été représentées sur la figure 1 qui représente l'agencement sur une région dudit territoire des différents éléments constituant le système de transmission sélectif de l'invention. Les limites de ces cellules, représentées en tirets, sont définies au moyen d'un premier ensemble d'émetteurs, appelés aussi émetteurs de localisation.According to the invention, the French or other territory is divided into a number of zones of variable dimensions, called traffic information cells; some of these cells have been represented in FIG. 1 which represents the arrangement on a region of said territory of the various elements constituting the selective transmission system of the invention. The limits of these cells, represented in dashes, are defined by means of a first set of transmitters, also called location transmitters.

Ces émetteurs de localisation, référencés 2, sont situés sur les portions de routes 4 traversant les limites des cellules d'informations routières. dans ce cas les émetteurs portent la référence 2a, et sur les portions de routes 4 traversant un carrefour tel que 6 situé dans l'une des cellules, dans cet autre cas lesdits émetteurs portent la référence 2b. Les émetteurs de localisation 2a matérialisent en fait, physiquement, lesdites cellules d'informations routières.These location transmitters, referenced 2, are located on the portions of roads 4 crossing the limits of the traffic information cells. in this case the transmitters bear the reference 2a, and on the portions of roads 4 crossing a crossroads such as 6 located in one of the cells, in this other case said transmitters bear the reference 2b. The location transmitters 2a actually physically materialize said traffic information cells.

Les émetteurs de localisation 2 sont susceptibles d'émettre un signal alphanumérique codé de localisation, dont on donnera un exemple ultérieurement, permettant d'identifier l'une des cellules d'informations routières, l'itinéraire et/ou le sens de circulation suivis par des véhicules tels que 8 se déplaçant dans au moins une desdites cellules. A chacun de ces véhicules, représentés sous la forme de rectangles, est associé une flèche indiquant le sens de circulation suivi par ledit véhicule.The location transmitters 2 are capable of transmitting an alphanumeric coded location signal, an example of which will be given later, making it possible to identify one of the traffic information cells, the route and / or the direction of traffic followed by vehicles such as 8 moving in at least one of said cells. Each of these vehicles, represented in the form of rectangles, is associated with an arrow indicating the direction of traffic followed by said vehicle.

Ces émetteurs de localisation 2 qui peuvent être des boucles électromagnétiques, des balises radio-électriques fonctionnant en très haute fréquence (VHF) et en modulation de fréquence (FM), des émetteurs à laser ou à infra-rouge, etc... émettent tous sur la même fréquence et possèdent des portées radio-électriques extrêmement réduites, c'est-à-dire comprises entre 10 et 40 mètres, et non jointives et émettent en perma- nenee de manière répétitive.These localization transmitters 2 which can be electromagnetic loops, radio beacons operating in very high frequency (VHF) and in frequency modulation (FM), laser or infra-red transmitters, etc. all emit on the same frequency and have extremely reduced radio ranges, that is to say between 10 and 40 meters, and not contiguous and emit repetitively continuously.

Un véhicule 8 circulant sur des routes 4 équipées d'émetteurs de localisation 2 est muni d'un récepteur dit de bord, schématisé par une croix portant la référence 10 ; ce récepteur fait, en réalité, partie de tout un ensemble appelé équipement de bord dont on donnera ultérieurement la structure et le fonctionnement. Ces récepteurs de bord 10, en veille permanente, sont susceptibles de recevoir les signaux alphanumériques codés de localisation émis par les émetteurs de localisation 2 et de garder en mémoire le dernier signal codé de localisation reçu. Ainsi, par exemple, en quittant une cellule d'informations routières pour entrer dans la suivante, le véhicule considéré rencontrera tout d'abord l'émetteur de localisation 2a de la cellule qu'il vient de traverser, puis celui de la cellule qu'il aborde et dont il gardera le signal codé de localisation en mémoire jusqu'à sa sortie de la cellule.A vehicle 8 traveling on roads 4 equipped with location transmitters 2 is provided with a so-called on-board receiver, shown diagrammatically by a cross bearing the reference 10; this receiver is, in reality, part of a whole assembly called on-board equipment, the structure and operation of which will be given later. These on-board receivers 10, in permanent standby, are capable of receiving the coded alphanumeric location signals transmitted by the location transmitters 2 and of keeping in memory the last coded location signal received. Thus, for example, when leaving a traffic information cell to enter the next, the vehicle considered will first meet the location transmitter 2a of the cell it has just crossed, then that of the cell that it addresses and from which it will keep the coded location signal in memory until it leaves the cell.

Il en est de même lorsque ledit véhicule 8, rencontrant un carrefour 6 situé dans l'une de ces cellules, changera d'itinéraire et/ou de sens de circulation.It is the same when said vehicle 8, meeting a crossroads 6 located in one of these cells, will change route and / or direction of traffic.

De plus, ces récepteurs de bord 10 sont susceptibles de détecter des messages d'informations routières émis, dans le cas du territoire français, à partir des centres régionaux d'informations concernant la circulation routière (CRICR) et du centre national d'informations routières (CNIR), au moyen d'un deuxième ensemble d'émetteurs, appelés aussi émetteurs d'informations. L'un de ces émetteurs d'informations a été représenté sur la figure 1 et porte la référence 12.In addition, these on-board receivers 10 are capable of detecting traffic information messages sent, in the case of French territory, from the regional traffic information centers (CRICR) and from the national traffic information center. (CNIR), by means of a second set of transmitters, also called information transmitters. One of these information transmitters has been represented in FIG. 1 and bears the reference 12.

Ces émetteurs d'informations 12 émettent soit, sur la même fréquence et en temps partagé, de manière que deux émetteurs dont les couvertures radio-électriques comportent une partie commune n'émettent pas simultanément soit, sur des fréquences différentes. Dans ce dernier cas, le réglage en fréquence du récepteur de bord 10 est alors effectué automatiquement dès la réception des signaux codés de localisation émis par les émetteurs de localisation ; ces signaux de localisation commandent, alors, la sélection de la fréquence d'accord du récepteur de bord 10. Les émetteurs d'informations 12 sont par exemple des émetteurs à onde moyenne, c'est-à-dire émettant dans une gamme de fréquence allant de 500 à 1 500 kilohertz (kHz).These information transmitters 12 transmit either on the same frequency and in timeshare, so that two transmitters whose radio coverage includes a common part do not transmit simultaneously, or on different frequencies. In the latter case, the frequency adjustment of the on-board receiver 10 is then carried out automatically as soon as the coded location signals transmitted by the location transmitters are received; these localization signals then control the selection of the tuning frequency of the on-board receiver 10. The information transmitters 12 are for example medium wave transmitters, that is to say transmitting in a frequency range ranging from 500 to 1,500 kilohertz (kHz).

Chacun de ces émetteurs d'informations 12 transmet, en modulation d'amplitude, des messages d'informations routières destinés à un certain nombre de cellules, le nombre de ces cellules constituant la zone de couverture radio-électrique dudit émetteur. Ces messages d'informations routières sont précédés d'un préambule alphanumérique codé, analogue au signal alphanumérique codé de localisation émis par les émetteurs de localisation 2, définissant une cellule, ou un groupe de cellules, l'itinéraire et éventuellement le sens de la circulation suivis par les véhicules se déplaçant dans la ou lesdites cellules. Ces préambules émis en modulation de fréquence ou plus précisément par déplacement de fréquence (FSK) c'est-à-dire en littérature anglo-saxonne Frequency Shift Keying, permettent donc aux récepteurs de bord d'identifier les messages d'informations routières qui leur sont destinés, cette identification étant faite en comparant lesdits préambules aux signaux codés de localisation mis en mémoire au préalable dans lesdits récepteurs de bord.Each of these information transmitters 12 transmits, in amplitude modulation, traffic information messages intended for a certain number of cells, the number of these cells constituting the radio-electric coverage area of said transmitter. These traffic information messages are preceded by a coded alphanumeric preamble, analogous to the coded alphanumeric signal of localization emitted by the transmitters of localization 2, defining a cell, or a group of cells, the route and possibly the direction of traffic. followed by vehicles moving in the said cell or cells. These preambles sent in frequency modulation or more precisely by frequency displacement (FSK), that is to say in Anglo-Saxon literature Frequency Shift Keying, therefore allow on-board receivers to identify the traffic information messages which are intended, this identification being made by comparing said preambles to the coded location signals previously stored in said on-board receivers.

De plus, ces préambules peuvent définir une catégorie de véhicule et/ou une langue parlée par les occupants de certains véhicules dans le cas de transmission de messages d'informations très sélectifs.In addition, these preambles can define a vehicle category and / or a language spoken by the occupants of certain vehicles in the case of transmission of very selective information messages.

De plus, chaque message d'informations routières est suivi d'un code de fin de message, émis en modulation de fréquence ou plus précisément en FSK, indiquant la fin dudit message d'informations routières.In addition, each traffic information message is followed by an end of message code, transmitted in frequency modulation or more precisely in FSK, indicating the end of said traffic information message.

Dans le cas où le nombre des émetteurs de localisation 2 est suffisamment important (voir exemple de réalisation du système), on peut envisager d'équiper les véhicules d'un émetteur de détresse fonctionnant par exemple en modulation de fréquence. Ces émetteurs de détresse schématisés par un rond portant la référence 14, font, en réalité partie, comme le récepteur de bord 10, de l'équipement de bord. Ces émetteurs de détresse 14, fonctionnant tous sur la même fréquence et en ondes courtes, c'est-à-dire dans une gamme de fréquence allant de 3 à 30 mégahertz (MHz), sont susceptibles d'émettre des messages alphanumériques codés constitués d'un signal de détresse, du signal codé de localisation mis en mémoire précédemment et de données fixes mises en mémoire caractérisant chaque véhicule et/ou caractérisant la langue parlée par les occupants dudit véhicule. Les données fixes caractérisant chaque véhicule sont par exemple la catégorie dudit véhicule, sa marque, sa couleur, son numéro d'immatriculation, etc...In the case where the number of location transmitters 2 is large enough (see example of embodiment of the system), it is possible to envisage equipping vehicles with a distress transmitter operating for example in frequency modulation. These distress transmitters, shown diagrammatically by a circle marked with the reference 14, are in reality, like the on-board receiver 10, on-board equipment. These distress transmitters 14, all operating on the same frequency and in short waves, that is to say in a frequency range from 3 to 30 megahertz (MHz), are capable of transmitting coded alphanumeric messages consisting of a distress signal, the coded location signal previously stored and fixed data stored characterizing each vehicle and / or characterizing the language spoken by the occupants of said vehicle. The fixed data characterizing each vehicle are for example the category of said vehicle, its brand, its color, its registration number, etc ...

Les émissions des messages de détresse peuvent être déclenchées soit manuellement par l'un des occupants du véhicule se trouvant en difficulté, par exemple au moyen d'un bouton poussoir de type classique soit, à la suite d'un choc violent résultant d'un accident, au moyen d'un détecteur de choc à inertie, l'alimentation dudit détecteur pouvant être faite par la batterie dudit véhicule à travers un accumulateur monté en tampon. Au cas où la liaison avec la batterie du véhicule aurait été interrompue lors du choc, l'alimentation de l'émetteur de détresse 14 sera alors assurée pendant un temps suffisant par l'accumulateur. L'émission des messages de détresse provoque le fonctionnement d'un bruiteur, installé dans ledit véhicule et destiné à avertir les occupants de celui-ci.The transmissions of the distress messages can be triggered either manually by one of the occupants of the vehicle in difficulty, for example by means of a conventional push button or, following a violent shock resulting from a accident, by means of an inertia shock detector, the supply of said detector being able to be made by the battery of said vehicle through an accumulator mounted in buffer. In the event that the connection with the vehicle battery has been interrupted during the impact, the supply to the distress transmitter 14 will then be ensured for a sufficient time by the accumulator. The emission of distress messages causes the operation of a buzzer, installed in said vehicle and intended to warn the occupants of it.

De plus, en cas de fausses manoeuvres ou de déclenchements intempestifs de la part du détecteur de chocs, un signal de correction analogue au message de détresse précédemment émis peut être envoyé par les occupants dudit véhicule par exemple au moyen d'un bouton poussoir de type classique.In addition, in the event of false maneuvers or untimely tripping on the part of the shock detector, a correction signal analogous to the distress message previously transmitted can be sent by the occupants of said vehicle for example by means of a push button of the type classic.

Ces messages de détresse sont susceptibles d'être reçus par un réseau de récepteurs de secours, schématisés par un rectangle portant la référence 16, disposés au voisinage de centres de secours responsables, chacun, d'un groupe de cellules d'informations routières. Ces récepteurs de secours 16, après identification ou décodage des messages de détresse, peuvent mettre en mémoire et visualiser lesdits messages ainsi que déclencher une alarme visuelle et/ou sonore située dans le centre de secours concerné. L'un de ces centres de secours a été représenté sur la figure 1 et porte la référence 18. De même les limites d'une zone de secours, correspondant à ce centre de secours 18 et correspondant à un nombre donné de cellules d'informations routières, soit quatre cellules sur la figure 1, ont été schématisées en trait plein sur ladite figure. Ces centres de secours 18 peuvent être, par exemple, en ce qui concerne le territoire français, les stations des services d'aide médicale d'urgence (SAMU) et des services médicaux d'urgence régionaux (SMUR), les casernes de pompiers, etc...These distress messages are likely to be received by a network of emergency receivers, shown diagrammatically by a rectangle bearing the reference 16, arranged in the vicinity of the emergency assistance centers, each of a group of traffic information cells. These emergency receivers 16, after identification or decoding of the distress messages, can store and display said messages as well as trigger a visual and / or audible alarm located in the relevant emergency center. One of these rescue centers has been represented in FIG. 1 and bears the reference 18. Similarly, the limits of a rescue zone, corresponding to this rescue center 18 and corresponding to a given number of information cells road, or four cells in Figure 1, have been shown schematically in solid lines in said figure. These emergency centers 18 can be, for example, as far as French territory is concerned, the stations of the emergency medical aid services (SAMU) and the regional emergency medical services (SMUR), the fire stations, etc ...

Sur la figure 2, on a représenté l'équipement de bord des véhicules constitué essentiellement du récepteur de bord 10 et de l'émetteur de détresse 14.In FIG. 2, the on-board equipment of the vehicles is represented essentially consisting of the on-board receiver 10 and the distress transmitter 14.

Le récepteur de bord 10 est associé à une antenne 20 et à un haut-parleur 22 muni d'un amplificateur de puissance 24. Cette antenne 20 et ce haut-parleur 22 peuvent être ceux d'un récepteur radiophonique de type classique ou auto-radio 26, si le véhicule considéré en comporte un.The on-board receiver 10 is associated with an antenna 20 and with a loudspeaker 22 provided with a power amplifier 24. This antenna 20 and this loudspeaker 22 can be those of a radiophonic receiver of conventional or auto type. radio 26, if the vehicle in question has one.

De façon générale, le récepteur de bord est constitué par deux sous-ensembles de réception et par un ensemble de traitement des données.In general, the on-board receiver consists of two reception subsets and a data processing unit.

Le premier de ces deux sous-ensembles de réception, appelé récepteur de localisation et comportant la référence 28, est susceptible de recevoir les signaux codés de localisation émis par les émetteurs de localisation 2. La nature de ces récepteurs de localisation 28 dépend de la nature des émetteurs de localisation 2. En effet, si l'émetteur de localisation 2 émet en modulation de fréquence, ledit récepteur de localisation 28 fonctionnera en modulation de fréquence. Chaque signal codé de localisation reçu sera ensuite démodulé au moyen d'un démodulateur tel que 30 puis traité dans un système de traitement de données 32 et enfin mémorisé dans une mémoire 34. La réception d'un autre signal codé de localisation effacera automatiquement le signal codé précédemment mémorisé.The first of these two reception subsets, called location receiver and having the reference 28, is capable of receiving the coded location signals transmitted by location transmitters 2. The nature of these location receivers 28 depends on the nature location transmitters 2. In fact, if the location transmitter 2 transmits in frequency modulation, said location receiver 28 will operate in frequency modulation. Each coded location signal received will then be demodulated by means of a demodulator such as 30, then processed in a data processing system 32 and finally memorized in a memory 34. The reception of another coded location signal will automatically erase the signal. previously stored code.

Le deuxième sous-ensemble de réception, appelé récepteur d'informations et comportant la référence 36, est susceptible de recevoir les messages d'informations routières ainsi que les préambules codés précédant lesdits messages, ces messages et préambules étant émis par les émetteurs d'informations 12. Le préambule codé de chaque message d'informations routières, émis en modulation de fréquence, sera tout d'abord démodulé au moyen d'un démodulateur tel que 38, précédé d'un filtre passe-bande 37, puis traité dans un système de prétraitement 40. Le préambule codé sera alors comparé au moyen d'un comparateur 42 au signal codé de localisation mémorisé dans la mémoire 34. Si une partie du préambule codé est identique au signal codé de localisation mémorisé, l'audition du message d'informations routières peut avoir lieu.The second reception subset, called information receiver and having the reference 36, is capable of receiving traffic information messages as well as the coded preambles preceding said messages, these messages and preambles being transmitted by the information transmitters. 12. The coded preamble of each traffic information message, transmitted in frequency modulation, will first of all be demodulated by means of a demodulator such as 38, preceded by a bandpass filter 37, then processed in a system preprocessing 40. The coded preamble will then be compared by means of a comparator 42 to the coded location signal stored in the memory 34. If part of the coded preamble is identical to the coded stored location signal, the hearing of the message traffic information can take place.

La mise sur écoute, c'est-à-dire la connexion du haut parleur 22 au récepteur d'informations 36, peut être faite, soit manuellement par les occupants du véhicule considéré, lesdits occupants ayant été avertis au moyen d'une alarme sonore et/ou visuelle, soit automatiquement au moyen d'un commutateur. Le système de commande permettant la mise sur écoute et la commutation automatique ou non du haut-parleur 22 sont schématisés par le dispositif 44.The tapping, that is to say the connection of the loudspeaker 22 to the information receiver 36, can be made, either manually by the occupants of the vehicle in question, said occupants having been warned by means of an audible alarm and / or visual, either automatically by means of a switch. The control system allowing the wiretapping and the automatic switching or not of the loudspeaker 22 are shown diagrammatically by the device 44.

Dans le cas où le haut-parleur 22 et l'antenne 20 sont ceux d'un auto-radio 26, le dispositif 44 interrompt l'écoute dudit auto-radio, si celui-ci est en fonctionnement, et connecte le haut-parleur ainsi que les étages basses fréquences dudit auto-radio, le récepteur de bord étant alors intégré à celui-ci, afin que les messages d'informations routières puissent être entendus par les occupants dudit véhicule. Lorsque le message d'informations routières est terminé, le dispositif 44 reconnecte le haut-parleur 22 sur l'auto-radio 26 et les occupants du véhicule peuvent à nouveau écouter l'émission radiophonique précédemment interrompue. La recommutation ou reconnexion du haut-parleur 22 sur l'auto-radio 26 est effectuée après que le signal de fin de message qui suit le message d'informations routières a été détecté par un détecteur 46.In the case where the loudspeaker 22 and the antenna 20 are those of a car radio 26, the device 44 interrupts the listening of said car radio, if the latter is in operation, and connects the speaker as well as the low frequency stages of said car radio, the on-board receiver then being integrated therein, so that traffic information messages can be heard by the occupants of said vehicle. When the traffic information message is finished, the device 44 reconnects the loudspeaker 22 on the radio 26 and the occupants of the vehicle can again listen to the radio broadcast previously interrupted. The recommutation or reconnection of the loudspeaker 22 on the radio 26 is carried out after the end of message signal which follows the traffic information message has been detected by a detector 46.

Dans le cas où ce signal de fin de message pourrait ne pas être détecté, on peut prévoir une temporisation interne au récepteur de bord, cette temporisation de quelques dizaines de secondes, étant effectuée au moyen du dispositif 48 prévu à cet effet.In the event that this end of message signal may not be detected, an internal delay can be provided for on board receiver, this delay of a few tens of seconds, being carried out by means of the device 48 provided for this purpose.

Le système de traitement de données décrit ci- dessus, c'est-à-dire les moyens permettant le traitement des préambules codés et des signaux codés de localisation ainsi que la mémorisation desdits signaux codés de localisation, est constitué, de plus, par une mémoire 50 contenant les données fixes caractérisant chaque véhicule, c'est-à-dire la catégorie du véhicule, sa marque, sa couleur, son numéro d'immatriculation, etc... ainsi que la langue parlée par les occupants dudit véhicule.The data processing system described above, that is to say the means allowing the processing of the coded preambles and the coded location signals as well as the storage of said coded location signals, is further constituted by a memory 50 containing the fixed data characterizing each vehicle, that is to say the vehicle category, its brand, its color, its registration number, etc. as well as the language spoken by the occupants of said vehicle.

Dans le cas où les messages d'informations routières émis ne concernent qu'une catégorie de véhicules (transporteurs routiers) et/ou des véhicules dont les occupants parlent une certaine langue, le préambule codé précédant ledit message d'informations routières comporte alors, en plus de la partie correspondant au signal codé de localisation, une partie correspondant à ces données fixes mémorisées dans la mémoire 50. Comme précédemment, l'audition du message d'informations routières, pour une catégorie de véhicule et/ou une certaine langue, se fait après avoir comparé au moyen du comparateur 42 la partie correspondante du préambule aux données fixes mémorisées en 50.In the event that the traffic information messages sent relate only to a category of vehicles (road transporters) and / or vehicles whose occupants speak a certain language, the coded preamble preceding said traffic information message then includes, in more than the part corresponding to the coded location signal, a part corresponding to this fixed data stored in the memory 50. As previously, hearing the traffic information message, for a vehicle category and / or a certain language, is done after having compared by means of comparator 42 the corresponding part of the preamble to the fixed data stored at 50.

Comme on l'a vu précédemment, un véhicule se trouvant en difficulté peut émettre un message de détresse codé comportant le signal alphanumérique codé de localisation mémorisé dans la mémoire 34 ainsi que les données fixes caractérisant ledit véhicule mémorisées dans la mémoire 50. Ce message de détresse, afin d'être émis en modulation de fréquence, devra être modulé au moyen d'un modulateur tel que 52. La référence 54 représente l'un des moyens permettant de déclencher l'émission dudit message de détresse, l'un de ces moyens étant par exemple le détecteur de chocs à inertie et la référence 56 le bruiteur indiquant aux occupants dudit véhicule l'émission desdits messages de détresse.As seen above, a vehicle in difficulty can transmit a coded distress message comprising the coded alphanumeric location signal stored in memory 34 as well as the fixed data characterizing said vehicle stored in memory 50. This message distress, in order to be transmitted in frequency modulation, must be modulated by means of a modulator such as 52. The reference 54 represents one of the means making it possible to trigger the emission of said distress message, one of these means being for example the inertia shock detector and the reference 56 the buzzer indicating to the occupants of said vehicle the emission of said distress messages.

De façon pratique, la mémoire 34 et la mémoire 50 peuvent être alimentées en permanence par la batterie du véhicule sur lequel est installé l'équipement de bord, le reste dudit équipement étant mis en veille dès l'établissement du contact.In practice, the memory 34 and the memory 50 can be permanently supplied by the battery of the vehicle on which the on-board equipment is installed, the rest of the said equipment being put on standby as soon as the contact is established.

Sur la figure 3, on a représenté les différents formats des signaux alphanumériques codés utilisés dans le système de transmission, selon l'invention. Le premier format portant la référence I représente le signal codé de localisation, le second format portant la référence p représente le préambule codé émis avant les messages d'informations routières et le troisième format portant la référence d représente le message de détresse. Ces trois formats I, p, d sont précédés d'un code de départ permettant de les identifier par exemple par un code LL représentant le code de départ pour le signal codé d'identification I, PP pour le préambule codé p et DD pour le message de détresse d. Ces différents formats sont ensuite constitués par exemple d'un caractère E, d'un caractère Z, de deux caractères CC, le premier caractère correspondant à un groupe de cellules, et le second à une cellule de ce groupe, de deux caractères Il et d'un caractère S indiquant respectivement le numéro de l'émetteur d'information, utilisé éventuellement pour la sélection de la fréquence d'accord du récepteur de bord 10 et en particulier du récepteur d'informations 36 lorsque les émetteurs d'informations émettent sur des fréquences différentes, le numéro de la zone de secours, le numéro de la cellule, l'itinéraire et le sens de circulation suivis par les véhicules se déplaçant dans ladite cellule.FIG. 3 shows the different formats of the coded alphanumeric signals used in the transmission system according to the invention. The first format bearing the reference I represents the coded location signal, the second format bearing the reference p represents the coded preamble sent before the traffic information messages and the third format bearing the reference d represents the distress message. These three formats I, p, d are preceded by a starting code making it possible to identify them for example by a code LL representing the starting code for the coded identification signal I, PP for the coded preamble p and DD for the distress message d. These different formats then consist for example of a character E, a character Z, two characters CC, the first character corresponding to a group of cells, and the second to a cell of this group, two characters Il and with a character S respectively indicating the number of the information transmitter, optionally used for the selection of the tuning frequency of the on-board receiver 10 and in particular of the information receiver 36 when the information transmitters transmit on different frequencies, the number of the emergency zone, the cell number, the route and the direction of traffic followed by the vehicles moving in said cell.

Dans le cas de transmission de messages plus sélectifs, le second signal p, correspondant au préambule codé, comprend deux caractères supplémentaires, un caractère T et un caractère L indiquant respectivement la catégorie du véhicule et la langue parlée par les occupants dudit véhicule.In the case of transmission of more selective messages, the second signal p, corresponding to the coded preamble, comprises two additional characters, a character T and a character L respectively indicating the category of the vehicle and the language spoken by the occupants of said vehicle.

En ce qui concerne, le troisième signal d correspondant au message de détresse, celui-ci comprend, en plus des deux caractères T et L, deux caractères supplémentaires CO indiquant par exemple la marque du véhicule, sa couleur ou son numéro d'immatriculation, ces caractères permettant l'identification par les centres de secours dudit véhicule en cas d'accident, ainsi qu'un code DD correspondant au signal de détresse émis par les émetteurs de détresse.As regards the third signal d corresponding to the distress message, this comprises, in addition to the two characters T and L, two additional characters CO indicating for example the make of the vehicle, its color or its registration number, these characters allow identification by the emergency centers of said vehicle in the event of an accident, as well as a DD code corresponding to the distress signal emitted by the distress transmitters.

En plus de ces trois signaux codés, on a représenté un quatrième signal portant la référence f. Ce signal représente le signal de fin de message émis après l'émission des messages d'informations routières.In addition to these three coded signals, a fourth signal is shown with the reference f. This signal represents the end of message signal sent after the transmission of traffic information messages.

L'utilisation de ces différents signaux codés permet, notamment par simple action sur le préambule codé des messages d'informations routières, d'atteindre simultanément les véhicules circulant, soit dans toutes les régions d'émission, soit dans toutes les zones de secours désservies par un même émetteur d'informations, soit dans tout ou partie des cellules d'une même zone de secours, soit enfin pour un ou plusieurs itinéraires, suivant un des sens de circulation ou les deux.The use of these different coded signals makes it possible, in particular by simple action on the coded preamble of the traffic information messages, to simultaneously reach the vehicles circulating, either in all the transmission regions, or in all the emergency zones served. by the same information transmitter, either in all or part of the cells of the same emergency zone, or finally for one or more routes, according to one or both of the traffic directions.

Il est également possible, par action sur les caractères T ou L, de limiter la réception à certaines catégories de véhicules (poids-lourds pour les barrières de dégel par exemple) ou de préciser la langue dans laquelle les informations sont émises, ce qui en fait un système international.It is also possible, by acting on the characters T or L, to limit the reception to certain categories of vehicles (heavy goods vehicles for the thaw barriers for example) or to specify the language in which the information is transmitted, which makes an international system.

Par ailleurs, par action sur les deux caractères II, il est possible de limiter la réception à tout ou partie de chacune des routes nationales, des autoroutes, et des itinéraires de délestage en distinguant au besoin un sens de circulation par le caractère S (le sens de circulation étant pris, par exemple, par référence au sens de croissance des points kilométriques).Furthermore, by acting on the two characters II, it is possible to limit reception to all or part of each of the national roads, motorways, and load-shedding routes by distinguishing if necessary a direction of traffic by the character S (the direction of traffic being taken, for example, by reference to the direction of growth of the kilometer points).

Les différents signaux alphanumériques codés confèrent donc au système de l'invention une grande souplesse d'emploi.The various coded alphanumeric signals therefore give the system of the invention great flexibility of use.

On va maintenant donner un exemple de réalisation du système de transmission de l'invention installé par exemple sur le territoire français.We will now give an embodiment of the transmission system of the invention installed for example on French territory.

Tout d'abord, il est à noter que le nombre de cellules d'informations routières ainsi que leur taille ne dépendent que du nombre des messages que l'on désire émettre ainsi que du niveau de sélectivité desdits messages. En conséquence, le nombre d'émetteurs de localisation, le nombre d'émetteurs d'informations, ainsi que le nombre de centres de secours peuvent être modifiés en fonction du nombre desdites cellules.First of all, it should be noted that the number of traffic information cells as well as their size depend only on the number of messages that one wishes to send as well as on the level of selectivity of said messages. Consequently, the number of location transmitters, the number of information transmitters, as well as the number of emergency centers can be modified as a function of the number of said cells.

Dans t'exempte de message de localisation (I) décrit dans la figure 3, et en prenant un code à 36 caractères (26 lettres et 10 chiffres), on dispose de plus de 1 000 possibilités de cellules par zones de secours et 36 zones par émetteur d'informations, soit 36 000 cellules par émetteur d'informations. Il est à noter que la quantitié d'émetteurs d'informations n'est limitée que par des considérations financières et opérationnelles.In the free location message (I) described in FIG. 3, and by taking a 36 character code (26 letters and 10 digits), there are more than 1,000 cell possibilities per backup zone and 36 zones per information source, or 36,000 cells per information source. It should be noted that the quantity of information transmitters is limited only by financial and operational considerations.

En utilisant toutes les possibilités d'un code aussi simple, il est possible, en ne réservant que deux fréquences de radiodiffusion (une pour la localisation en VHF et une en ondes moyennes pour les informations) de définir sur le territoire français des cellules de 3 km3, ce qui est largement au-dessous de la taille minimum souhaitable.By using all the possibilities of such a simple code, it is possible, by reserving only two broadcasting frequencies (one for localization in VHF and one in medium wave for information) to define on French territory cells of 3 km 3 , which is well below the minimum desirable size.

Il est à noter qu'une telle infrastructure ne peut être envisagée dans le système décrit dans le brevet allemand n° 2 061 876 cité précédemment.It should be noted that such an infrastructure cannot be envisaged in the system described in the German patent No. 2,061,876 cited above.

Par ailleurs, le nombre des émetteurs de localisation dépend de la portée radio-électrique.Furthermore, the number of location transmitters depends on the radio range.

Par exemple, pour des émetteurs de localisation présentant une portée radio-électrique de 30 mètres (m), leur espacement minimum étant alors de 150 mètres (m), la réception des signaux codés de localisation émis par lesdits émetteurs peut avoir lieu au moins une fois par un véhicule se déplaçant à une vitesse de 140 kilomètres par heure (km/h) tout en assurant une protection suffisante vis-à-vis des autres signaux codés de localisation émis par des émetteurs de localisation voisins. Cette portée radio-électrique ainsi que l'espacement entre deux émetteurs de localisation peut être réduite en fonction de la vitesse maximale autorisée pour lesdits véhicules, c'est-à-dire pour une vitesse de 90 km/h, la portée radio-électrique desdits émetteurs de localisation pourra être de 20 m et l'espacement entre deux émetteurs de localisation de 100 m.For example, for location transmitters having a radio range of 30 meters (m), their minimum spacing then being 150 meters (m), the reception of coded location signals transmitted by said transmitters can take place at least one times by a vehicle traveling at a speed of 140 kilometers per hour (km / h) while ensuring sufficient protection against other coded location signals transmitted by neighboring location transmitters. This radio range as well as the spacing between two location transmitters can be reduced as a function of the maximum speed authorized for said vehicles, that is to say for a speed of 90 km / h, the radio range of said location transmitters may be 20 m and the spacing between two location transmitters of 100 m.

Cela dit, en France, on envisage d'installer une paire d'émetteurs de localisation tous les cinq kilomètres (km) soit 20000 paires pour 100000 km de routes, 10 émetteurs d'informations routières travaillant en temps partagé en 3 groupes, ainsi que 500 récepteurs de secours.That said, in France, we plan to install a pair of location transmitters every five kilometers (km), i.e. 20,000 pairs for 100,000 km of roads, 10 traffic information transmitters working in time sharing in 3 groups, as well as 500 emergency receivers.

Claims (25)

1. Selective transmission system for road information items, comprising :
a first group of transmitters defining road information cells in a given region, each transmitter (2a, 2b) of this first group being suitable for transmitting on a unique frequency common to all the transmitters of this first group a coded locating signal (I) allowing one of the said cells, the routing and/or the direction of traffic flow followed by the vehicles (8) likely to be moving in at least one of the said cells to be identified ;
A second group of transmitters (12) each being suitable for transmitting road destination information messages of the said vehicles (8), these messages being preceded by a coded preamble (p) which is analagous to the said coded locating signal (I) allowing at least one of the said cells, the routing and/or the direction of traffic flow followed by the said vehicles (8) in at least one of the said cells to be identified ; and
An on-board receiver (10) which is on permanent watch, mounted on each of the said vehicles, comprising a first reception subassembly (28) suitable for receiving the coded locating signals (I), means allowing the processing (30, 32) of the said coded locating signals, a second reception subassembly (36) suitable for receiving the road information messages and the associated coded preambles (p), means allowing the processing (37, 38, 40) of the said preambles and means allowing the information messages intended for each of the said vehicles (8) to be identified (42) by comparing the said preambles (p) with the latter coded locating signal (I) while the said vehicles (8) are likely to move in at least one of the said cells, following at least one route and/or at least one given direction of traffic flow ; characterized in that the coded locating signal (I) and the coded preamble (p) are alphanumeric signals, that the latter coded locating signal is stored in memory (34) and that the system also comprises :
distress transmitters (14) mounted on the vehicles, one distress transmitter per vehicle, capable of transmitting coded alphanumeric distress messages (d) comprising a distress signal (DD), the coded locating signal (I) stored in memory (34) in the on-board receivers, and fixed data (T, CO) put into memory (50) and characterizing each vehicle ; and
a network of rescue receivers (16) capable of receiving and identifying the said coded messages, these rescue receivers being arranged in the vicinity of rescue centres (18) each being responsible for one group of cells.
2. Transmission system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the coded preambles (p) also allow a category of vehicles and/or of the language spoken by the occupants of the said vehicles (8) to be selected.
3. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it also comprises means (46) allowing the end of road information messages to be indicated.
4. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the distress message (d) allows the language spoken by the occupants of the said vehicles (8) to be identified.
5. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that all distress transmitters (14) transmit with frequency modulation and on the same frequency.
6. Transmission system according to any of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the distress transmitters (14) transmit on shortwave.
7. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the vehicles (8) are equipped with an inertial impact detector (54) which triggers the distress transmitters (14).
8. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the distress transmitters (14) are manually triggered.
9. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the vehicles are equipped with an acoustic device (56), which is triggered by the transmission of the distress messages.
10. Transmission system according to Claim 9, characterized in that the vehicles (8) are equipped with a means for transmitting a correction message, which is analagous to the distress message, in case of wrong operation or of untimely triggering of the transmitter (14).
11. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the rescue receivers (16) comprise means for decoding the distress messages, means for storing and means for displaying the said messages and are capable of triggering an acoustic and/or visual alarm located in the rescue centres concerned (18).
12. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the transmitters of the first group (2), corresponding to a given cell, are placed on parts of the route (4) crossing the limits of this cell and in proximity to these limits, in such a manner as to implement the said cell, and along parts of the routes (4) crossing an intersection (6) located in the said cell.
13. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the transmitters of the first group (2) have reduced radio-electric ranges which do not join together.
14. Transmission system according to Claim 13, characterized in that the radio-electric range of the transmitters of the first group (2) extends to between 10 and 40 metres.
15. Transmission system according to Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the coded locating signal (I) allows the tuning frequency of the second reception sub-assembly (36) constituting the on-board receiver (10) to be controlled.
16. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the transmitters of the second group (12) transmit on the same frequency and in time-sharing mode, the said transmitters having radio-electric coverages comprising common sections.
17. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the transmitters of the second group (12) transmit on different frequencies.
18. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the transmitters of the second group (12) transmit, on medium wave, road information messages in amplitude modulation and the preambles (p) preceding the said messages in frequency modulation.
19. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the on-board receivers (10) are associated with an antenna (20) and a loudspeaker (22) and also comprise means (50) allowing fixed data characterizing the vehicles on which said on-board receivers are mounted to be stored, and means (44) allowing the loudspeaker (22) to be connected to the said on-board receivers, this connection being made after identification of the road information messages intended for the said on-board receivers (10).
20. Transmission system according to Claim 19, characterized in that the antenna (20) and the loudspeakers (22) are those of a car radio (26).
21. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 19 and 20, characterized in that the means (44) allowing the loudspeaker (22) to be connected consist of an acoustic and/or visual alarm, the operation of which indicates to the occupants of the said vehicles (8) to connect the said loudspeaker (22).
22. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 19 and 20, characterized in that the means (44) allowing the loudspeaker (22) to be connected consists of a switch allowing the said loudspeaker (22) to be automatically connected.
23. Transmission system according to Claim 20, characterized in that the means (44) allowing the loudspeaker (22) to be connected consists of a switch allowing the said loudspeaker (22) to be automatically connected and the low frequency stages of the car radio (26) to be connected, the said on-board receivers (10) then being integrated with the latter.
24. Transmission system according to any one of Claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the coded locating signals (I), the coded preambles (p) and the coded distress messages (d) each have a starting code (LL, PP, DD) which is different from the other and allows them to be identified.
EP19820400178 1981-02-06 1982-02-03 Selective transmission system for traffic information Expired EP0058596B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8102367A FR2499739B1 (en) 1981-02-06 1981-02-06 SYSTEM FOR THE SELECTIVE TRANSMISSION OF ROAD INFORMATION
FR8102367 1981-02-06

Publications (2)

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EP0058596A1 EP0058596A1 (en) 1982-08-25
EP0058596B1 true EP0058596B1 (en) 1987-01-21

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EP19820400178 Expired EP0058596B1 (en) 1981-02-06 1982-02-03 Selective transmission system for traffic information

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EP (1) EP0058596B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3275247D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2499739B1 (en)

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DE4408953C2 (en) * 1994-03-16 1996-04-04 Deutsche Telekom Mobil Method for determining the location of mobile stations and arrangement for carrying out the method
JP3521491B2 (en) * 1994-08-31 2004-04-19 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Road-to-vehicle communication device
GB2346244A (en) * 1999-01-22 2000-08-02 Rover Group Traffic information system for a vehicle

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2061876A1 (en) * 1970-12-16 1972-07-06 Licentia Gmbh System for radio transmission of messages, in particular traffic messages, to vehicles equipped with receivers
DE2107814C3 (en) * 1971-02-18 1974-04-04 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt System for radio transmission of messages to vehicles, in particular traffic warning radio system
DE2912547C2 (en) * 1979-03-29 1984-05-17 Repa Feinstanzwerk Gmbh, 7071 Alfdorf Automatic emergency call system for vehicles

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FR2499739A1 (en) 1982-08-13
FR2499739B1 (en) 1985-07-19
EP0058596A1 (en) 1982-08-25
DE3275247D1 (en) 1987-02-26

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