EP0058354B1 - Transportierbare Baueinheit - Google Patents

Transportierbare Baueinheit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0058354B1
EP0058354B1 EP19820100834 EP82100834A EP0058354B1 EP 0058354 B1 EP0058354 B1 EP 0058354B1 EP 19820100834 EP19820100834 EP 19820100834 EP 82100834 A EP82100834 A EP 82100834A EP 0058354 B1 EP0058354 B1 EP 0058354B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sub
frames
members
frame
unit according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19820100834
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0058354A1 (de
Inventor
Stephen Wentworth Stericker
Peter Woodman
Stephen Walter Newton
Peter Mansell Roberts
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Portakabin Ltd
Original Assignee
Portakabin Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Portakabin Ltd filed Critical Portakabin Ltd
Publication of EP0058354A1 publication Critical patent/EP0058354A1/de
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Publication of EP0058354B1 publication Critical patent/EP0058354B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/3483Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a portable building unit which may be assembled with further similar units to provide a building construction.
  • Each unit is fully factory assembled for delivery to a prepared site in an assembled condition complete with at least floor and roof.
  • the or each unit comprises a structural metal frame to which the floor and roof structures are attached.
  • the structural frames are butted or otherwise connected together in the desired arrangement.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a new and improved portable building unit of the type described.
  • a portable building unit comprising a structural metal frame comprising a pair of lateral vertical sub-frames, each of said sub-frames including an upper member and a lower member, the upper and lower members of each sub-frame being interconnected by uprights, and the lower members of the sub-frames being rigidly interconnected in spaced apart parallel relation by frame cross members which extend between the lower members, a floor structure extending between and being supported by the lower members of said sub-frames, characterized in that the upper members of the sub-frames are interconnected solely by one or more roof panels the or each of which extend between and is secured below the upper members of said sub-frames so that the upper frame members are wholly external to the habitable volume of the unit, and the or each roof panel, or the or each roof panel and the end and/or side wall panels, comprising an insulated structural sandwich having inner and outer sheets.
  • roof panel or panels can provide sufficient strength to hold the sub-frames rigidly apart at their upper ends and thus serve a similar function as a metal frame cross member would. It has been found further, that this construction has advantages compared to conventional structures having metal cross members because cold bridging is reduced, timber being a better insulator than metal, and thus condensation, which can occur in metal framed buildings, is also reduced. Another advantage with this construction is that the structure is considerably simplified and costs in producing such building are accordingly reduced.
  • Said sub-frames may define open sides of the unit whereby two or more similar units may be joined together in side-by-side relation with full width linking, but one or more side wall panels may be secured to the frame so as to provide a unit with walls at one or both sides.
  • two or more units may be connected in end-to-end relation, if required.
  • the or each side wall panel is secured to the outside of the associated vertical sub-frame so that the members which comprise the associated sub-frame are inside the side walls, and the or each end of the unit may be closed by one or more end wall panels.
  • the or each end wall panel may be received substantially entirely within an end opening defined between the sub-frames so that the members which make up the sub-frames lie peripherally of the end wall panel and wholly external to the habitable volume of the unit.
  • each end wall panel may be secured directly to the upright members of said sub-frames.
  • lateral marginal portions of the roof panel and floor structure extend into the end and/or side openings defined by said sub-frames.
  • end and/or side wall panels may be of similar construction to the roof panel or panels described above but the inner sheet may comprise plaster board or the like instead of metal as with the roof panel, if desired.
  • the floor structure may comprise a timber decking supported by a plurality of timber joists which extend between and are carried by the lower members of the sub-frames, with thermal insulation between such joists, such as a layer of glass fibre or other similar material supported on suitable panels positioned between the joists.
  • the decking which may be of chip board or the like, extends across the upper faces of the lower members of the sub-frames, whilst the joists ' extend between and are secured to the inner faces of such lower members.
  • the lower members and the upper members of the sub-frames each comprise channel section steel beams arranged with the webs thereof extending vertically and the flanges extending horizontally although other types of beams may alternatively be utilised.
  • each sub-frame is preferably connected to the ends of the upper and lower members of the sub-frames.
  • Such upright members may comprise channel section steel columns although again, other constructions are possible.
  • the ends of the upper and lower members may be each butted against a column and secured to the column in any suitable manner, for example by means of an angle bracket bolted to the web of the upper or lower member as appropriate and to the inner flange of the channel section column.
  • Lifting attachments may be secured to the upper members or uprights of each sub-frame, preferably at respective positions immediately adjacent to the joint between the respective column and upper member.
  • the frame cross members which connect the lower members of the sub-frames preferably are connected to the sub-frames, at locations adjacent to the lower corners thereof.
  • the cross members may each comprise a channel section beam, preferably arranged with the web thereof extending vertically and the flanges directed horizontally.
  • a building unit in accordance with the invention comprises a rigid frame 10 as shown in Figure 4, preferably constructed from channel section steel beams.
  • the frame 10 comprises two vertical sub-frames 11 a, 11 b, each comprising respective upper horizontal beams 12a, 12b and lower horizontal beams 13a, 13b interconnected at their ends by uprights 14a, 14b.
  • the two vertical sub-frames 11 a, 11 b are connected together by cross members 15 which extend between the lower beams 13a, 13b at positions adjacent to but spaced from the uprights 14a, 14b.
  • the upper and lower beams 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b are each of channel shape in cross-section and each includes a vertically disposed web 16 (see Figure 1), the upper beams 12a, 12b having outwardly directed horizontal flanges 17 and 18, and the lower beams 13a, 13b inwardly extending flanges 17a, 18a.
  • the uprights 14a, 14b are also of channel shape in section, and each includes a web 19 ( Figure 5) and outwardly directed flanges 20 and 21.
  • the flanges 17,18,17a, 18a, 20 and 21 all incorporate inwardly directed lips.
  • the beams 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b and uprights14a, 14bto be connected rigidly together the beams 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b are butted directly against the uprights 14a, 14b and secured by means of an angle bracket B bolted to the web 16 and flange 20 of the uprights 14a or 14b.
  • an end portion of the flanges may be cut away at one side to enable the end portion of the flange 19 of each upright 14a to be brought into face-to-face relation with an end portion of the web 16 of the adjacent beam, and the two webs directly bolted together.
  • a corner plate may additionally be bolted to the webs of the beams and uprights.
  • the cross members 15 are also of channel shape in section, as seen in Figure 5, and each comprises a vertical web 23 with horizontally inwardly directed flanges 24 and 25, each having downwardly directed lips 24', 25' respectively at their free edges.
  • An end portion 26 of the web 23 is turned inwardly and bolted directly to the web 16 of the adjacent beam 13a, 13b.
  • each sub-frame 11 a, 11b affords a rectangular aperture defined by the beams 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b and uprights 14a, 14b, for the reception of end and side wall panels as hereinafter described.
  • Lifting eyes 27 are secured to the tops of the uprights 14a, 14b by bolts 27a which engage a turned-over lip of the flange 20 thereof, and a reinforcing angle 27b as shown in Figure 2.
  • the unit illustrated includes a floor structure 30 comprising an upper sheet of chip board 31 which rests at its lateral margins on the upper flanges of the lower beams 13a, 13b and is supported on the cross member 15 and further by transversely extending wooden joists 32, which joists are secured directly to the webs 16 of the beams 13a, 13b.
  • Layers of fibre-glass or other similar mineral wool insulation 33 are supported between the wooden joists 32 on bitumen impregnated fibre board sheets 34 which themselves rest in position on staples 35 driven into the joists 32.
  • the joists 32 are additionally supported at their ends on angle section members 36 carried by the webs of the lower beams 13a, 13b.
  • longitudinal bars 37 are secured in position beneath the joists 32.
  • a roof panel 40 is secured below the upper beams 12a, 12b by attachment to the lower flanges 17 thereof.
  • the roof panel 40 comprises an inner skin 41 of plastic coated steel and an outer sheet 42 of plywood secured on a timber perimeter framework part of which is shown at T with the space between them filled by a foamed plastics material 43.
  • a waterproof membrane 44 is provided across the upper face of sheet 42, and may also extend around the beams 12a, 12b, although as shown, a cap of weatherproof membrane W caps the beams 12a, 12b in the manner of a trim strip.
  • the vertical sub-frames 11 a, 11 b of the rigid frame 10 are connected at the bottom by the cross members 15, although no frame parts interconnect the sub-frames 11 a, 11 b at the top.
  • the roof panels 40 described provide sufficient strength to hold the sub-frames 11 a, 11 b rigidly apart at their upper ends and thus serve a similar function as a metal frame cross member would. This is particularly due to the perimeter members T of the panels 40. It has been found further, that this construction has advantages compared to conventional structures having metal cross members because cold bridging is reduced, timber being a better insulator than metal, and thus condensation, which can occur in metal framed buildings, is also reduced. Another advantage with this construction is that the structure is considerably simplified and costs in producing such building are accordingly reduced.
  • end wall panels 50 and side wall panels 60 Secured to the frame are end wall panels 50 and side wall panels 60, although one of the end wall panels 50 and/or sidewall panels may be omitted to enable the unit to be linked to other similar units, to provide a multibuilding construction, by bolting the sub-frames of such adjacent units directly together to bring the floors and end wall panels of such units into direct abutting relation as shown in Figure 3.
  • end wall panels 50 are secured to the inside of the uprights 14a, 14b by attachment to the inner flanges 20 thereof so that the panels 50 are received entirely within the metal frame 10.
  • Such end wall panels comprise an outer sheet 51 of coated steel, and an inner sheet of plasterboard 52 secured to a framework of timber members 53 and with a layer of foamed plastics insulation material 54 inbetween.
  • end and side wall panels 50, 60 add further rigidity to the structure. Where two or more units are linked, an internal trim strip 55 may be provided if desired to cover the joint between adjacent end or side wall panels 60, 50.
  • FIG. 3 Whilst one side of the illustrated unit in Figure 3 is left open to provide a full width connection with an adjacent similar unit, the other side is closed by means of a side wall panel 60 (Figure 1) attached to the vertical frame 11 a, externally thereof.
  • the side wall panel 60 is of similar construction to the end wall panel 50 and includes an outer sheet 61 of coated steel, and an inner sheet of plasterboard 62 secured on a timber sub-frame parts of which are shown at T' with foamed insulation material 64 between the inner and outer sheets 62, 61.
  • the edges of the side and end wall panels may be masked by appropriate trim strips, 58,59,67,68 and 69 as indicated.
  • end and side wall panels where provided may be equipped with all necessary doors and windows, and the windows may be single or double glazed as required.
  • All required internal fittings including partition walls, carpeting or other floor covering, and appropriate main services such as gas, electricity, water supply and sanitation may be provided so that the complete unit may be delivered to a prepared site, ready for use, subject only to securing adjacent units together where necessary and applying internal trim strips as necessary at the joints between adjacent units, and if required external trims.
  • the roof structure slopes slightly from end to end,to facilitate drainage.
  • the vertical uprights 14a, 14b are longer at one end.
  • the higher ends may be adjacent, with suitable gutttering being provided at the lower ends.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Claims (13)

1. Tranportierbare Baueinheit, welche einen Stützmetallrahmen (10), der ein Paar seitlicher senkrechter Unterrahmen (11 a, 11 b) von denen jeder Unterrahmen ein oberes Teil (12a, 12b) und ein unteres Teil (13a, 13b) umfasst und obere und untere Teile jedes Unterrahmens (11 a,11 b) durch Stützen (14a, 14b) verbunden sind und die unteren Teile (13a, 13b) der Unterrahmen (11 a, 11 b) starr mit Abstand voneinander, parallel zueinander, durch Rahmenkreuzglieder (15) verbunden sind, die sich zwischen den unteren Teilen, einer Bodenstruktur (30), die sich zwischen den unteren Teilen (13a,13b) der Unterrahmen (11 a, 11 b) erstreckt und von diesen getragen wird, aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die oberen Teile der Unterrahmen lediglich durch ein oder mehrere Deckenplatten (40) verbunden sind, von denen jede oder jedes sich zwischen den oberen Teilen (12a, 12b) der Unterrahmen (11 a, 11 b) erstreckt und unter diesen befestigt ist, so dass die oberen Rahmenteile (12a, 12b) vollständig ausserhalb des bewohnbaren Raumes der Einheit liegen und der oder die Deckenplatte(n) (40) oder der oder die Deckenplatte(n) (40) und die End- und/oder Seitenwandplatten (60, 50) eine isolierte Sandwichstruktur mit inneren (41 ) und äusseren (42) Lagen aufweist(aufweisen).
2. Einheit gemäss Anspruch 1, wobei die Unterrahmen (11 a, 11 b) offene Seiten der Einheit begrenzen, wodurch ein oder mehrere ähnliche Einheiten Seite an Seite miteinander verbunden werden können, wobei die Verbindung über die gesamte Breite erfolgt.
3. Einheit gemäss Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein oder mehrere Seitenwandplatte(n) (50) an der Aussenseite eines dazugehörigen vertikalen Unterrahmens (11 a, 11 b) befestigt ist(sind), um eine Einheit mit einer Seitenwand (50) an einer oder beiden Seiten mit den Teilen zu schaffen, welche den dazugehörigen Unterrahmen (11 a, 11 b) innerhalb der Seitenwände (50) aufweisen.
4. Einheit gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei das oder jedes Ende der Einheit durch ein oder mehr Endwandplatten (60) abgeschlossen ist, wobei die oder jede Endwandplatte (60) im wesentlichen vollständig in einer zwischen den Unterrahmen (11a, 11b) begrenzten Endöffnung aufgenommen ist, so dass die Teile, welche die Unterrahmen (11 a, 11 b) bilden, peripher zu der (den) Endwandplatte(n) (60) und vollständig ausserhalb des bewohnbaren Raumes der Einheit liegen.
5. Einheit gemäss einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei seitliche Randabschnitte der Deckenplatte (40) und der Bodenstruktur (30) sich in die End- und/oder Seitenöffnungen, die durch die Unterrahmen (11 a, 11 b) begrenzt werden, erstrecken.
6. Einheit gemäss einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die oder jede Deckenplatte ein Fachwerk T aufweist, an dem die inneren (41 ) und äusseren (42) Lagen befestigt sind.
7. Einheit gemäss Anspruch 6, wobei die innere Lage (41) der oder jeder Wandplatte (40) ein Metallblech (41) ist und die äussere Lage eine Holzverkleidung (42) ist.
8. Einheit gemäss Anspruch 6 oder 7, wobei die End- und/oder Seitenwandplatten (60, 50) jeweils ähnlicher Konstruktion wie die Deckenplatte(n) (40) sind.
9. Einheit gemäss einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Bodenstruktur (30) einen Holzbodenbelag (31) aufweist, der von mehreren Holzbalken (32) getragen wird, die sich zwischen denselben erstrecken und durch die unteren Teile (13a, 13b) der Unterrahmen (11 a, 11 b) getragen werden, wobei zwischen den Balken (32) eine thermische Isolierung (33), die von geeigneten Platten (34), die zwischen den Balken (32) angeordnet sind, abgestützt wird, wobei der Bodenbelag (31) sich über die oberen Flächen der unteren Teile (13a, 13b) der Unterrahmen (11 a, 11 b) erstreckt, während die Balken (32) sich dazwischen erstrecken und an den inneren Flächen derartiger unterer Teile (13a, 13b) befestigt sind.
10. Einheit gemäss irgendeinem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Stützteile (14a, 14b) jedes Unterrahmens (11 a, 11 b) mit den Enden der oberen und unteren Teile (12a, 12b und 13a, 13b) der Unterrahmen (11 a, 11 b) verbunden sind und die Rahmenkreuzglieder (15), welche die unteren Teile (13a, 13b) der Unterrahmen (11a, 11 b) verbinden, mit den Unterrahmen an benachbart deren unteren Ecken gelegenen Stellen verbunden sind.
11. Einheit gemäss irgendeinem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Enden der oberen und unteren Teile (12a, 12b, 13a, 13b) jeweils gegen eine Stütze (14a, 14b) stossen und an diesen befestigt sind.
12. Einheit gemäss irgendeinem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei Hebeeinrichtungen (27) an den oberen Teilen (13a, 13b) oder den Stützen (14a, 14b) jedes Unterrahmens (11 a, 11 b) befestigt sind.
EP19820100834 1981-02-07 1982-02-05 Transportierbare Baueinheit Expired EP0058354B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8103814 1981-02-07
GB8103814 1981-02-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0058354A1 EP0058354A1 (de) 1982-08-25
EP0058354B1 true EP0058354B1 (de) 1984-08-01

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ID=10519528

Family Applications (1)

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EP19820100834 Expired EP0058354B1 (de) 1981-02-07 1982-02-05 Transportierbare Baueinheit

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EP (1) EP0058354B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3260479D1 (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0128777A2 (de) * 1983-06-14 1984-12-19 Polyfab S.A.R.L. Transportable Gebäudemodule und Gebäudestrukturen aus derartigen Modulen
GB2173229A (en) * 1985-04-03 1986-10-08 Portakabin Ltd Roof structure
EP0263194A1 (de) * 1986-10-07 1988-04-13 Portakabin Limited Transportable Baueinheit
GB2196661A (en) * 1986-10-07 1988-05-05 Portakabin Ltd Roof structure of building module
GB2219016A (en) * 1988-05-25 1989-11-29 Blackbourne And Mccombe Ltd Building of panels connected by brackets
GB2219813A (en) * 1988-05-25 1989-12-20 Blackbourne And Mccombe Ltd Building of unit(s) placed end to end
EP0546540A1 (de) * 1991-12-13 1993-06-16 Portakabin Limited Transportierbare Baueinheit
EP0552062A1 (de) * 1992-01-17 1993-07-21 Twelco Engineering Limited Modulare Konstruktionseinheiten für Gebäude
FR2839329A1 (fr) 2002-03-20 2003-11-07 Portakabin Ltd Structure de plancher

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4003961A1 (de) * 1990-02-09 1991-08-14 Lorenz Kesting Raumzelle, insbesondere wohncontainer
GB9414682D0 (en) 1994-07-21 1994-09-07 Portakabin Ltd Floor stucture
DE19960628A1 (de) * 1999-12-16 2001-07-05 Georg Lauser Bodenkonstruktion für Gebäudemodule und Fertighäuser
GB2360300B (en) * 2000-03-01 2004-09-29 Portakabin Ltd Improvements relating to building units
GB2360299B (en) * 2000-03-01 2004-09-29 Portakabin Ltd Prefabricated building unit with fascia system

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1684851A1 (de) * 1968-02-07 1971-04-15 Nachbarschulte & Co Kg Raumzelle fuer Bauwerke
US3605350A (en) * 1969-06-03 1971-09-20 William Stewart Bowers Modular housing structure
USRE30229E (en) * 1973-09-21 1980-03-11 Robert L. Ziegelman Modular operating centers and methods of building same for use in electric power generating plants and other industrial and commercial plants, processes and systems
FR2298149A1 (fr) * 1975-01-17 1976-08-13 Aurore Perfectionnements a la construction de chambres pour l'etude experimentale de l'ecologie
GB1520272A (en) * 1975-08-07 1978-08-02 Portakabin Ltd Building constructions
IT1059215B (it) * 1976-04-20 1982-05-31 Bianchi G Struttura di edificio prefabbricato

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0128777A3 (de) * 1983-06-14 1986-05-07 Polyfab S.A.R.L. Transportable Gebäudemodule und Gebäudestrukturen aus derartigen Modulen
EP0128777A2 (de) * 1983-06-14 1984-12-19 Polyfab S.A.R.L. Transportable Gebäudemodule und Gebäudestrukturen aus derartigen Modulen
GB2173229A (en) * 1985-04-03 1986-10-08 Portakabin Ltd Roof structure
GB2173229B (en) * 1985-04-03 1989-06-21 Portakabin Ltd Portable building unit
GB2196661B (en) * 1986-10-07 1991-01-23 Portakabin Ltd Roof structure in or for a building module
EP0263194A1 (de) * 1986-10-07 1988-04-13 Portakabin Limited Transportable Baueinheit
GB2196661A (en) * 1986-10-07 1988-05-05 Portakabin Ltd Roof structure of building module
GB2219016A (en) * 1988-05-25 1989-11-29 Blackbourne And Mccombe Ltd Building of panels connected by brackets
GB2219813A (en) * 1988-05-25 1989-12-20 Blackbourne And Mccombe Ltd Building of unit(s) placed end to end
GB2219813B (en) * 1988-05-25 1992-04-15 Blackbourne And Mccombe Ltd Building
EP0546540A1 (de) * 1991-12-13 1993-06-16 Portakabin Limited Transportierbare Baueinheit
EP0552062A1 (de) * 1992-01-17 1993-07-21 Twelco Engineering Limited Modulare Konstruktionseinheiten für Gebäude
FR2839329A1 (fr) 2002-03-20 2003-11-07 Portakabin Ltd Structure de plancher

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0058354A1 (de) 1982-08-25
DE3260479D1 (en) 1984-09-06

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