EP0058349B1 - Tool for deforming, pressing or executing other operations by applying pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A tool comprising a support rail (14) and two tool jaws (10, 12) for engaging on a workpiece, said jaws being located with the support rail (14) in a common plane, the first tool jaw (10) being displaceable along the support rail (14) due to a guide opening (18) and securable in position on said support rail by canting to engage said rail with its opening's edges, whereas the second tool jaw (12) is movable alternatingly backwards and forward towards said first tool jaw (10) by means of an actuating device (50), characterized in that for successive working of workpieces in consecutive steps of operation at least one of the tool jaws (10, 12) is provided with a working element (84, 86) and self-acting adjusting means (94) engaging on the first tool jaw (10) are provided for displacing the first tool jaw (10) in the direction of the second tool jaw (12) during the backward motion of the latter.

Description

The invention relates to a tool with a mounting rail and two tool jaws provided for gripping a workpiece, which lie together with the mounting rail in a common plane and of which a first tool jaw can be displaced along the mounting rail by means of a guide opening and can be fixed to the latter by tilting, while the second tool jaw can be moved back and forth to the first tool jaw by means of an actuating device.

Known tools of this type (see e.g. DE-M 7900077) are all designed as clamping devices and are used exclusively to hold a workpiece - by moving the second tool jaw back and forth, the workpiece is clamped between the two tool jaws or released by them.

The invention has for its object to provide a tool that can be used for a variety of different operations, such as deforming, pressing, cutting or shearing or punching.

Starting from a tool of the type mentioned at the outset, this object is achieved according to the invention in that, for successive machining of workpieces in successive work steps, at least one of the tool jaws is provided with a processing element and automatic adjustment means acting on the first tool jaw for displacing the first tool jaw in the direction of the second tool jaw are provided on the return stroke of the latter.

With this tool, workpiece machining can be carried out successively by moving the adjusted tool jaw back by the same amount after each presentation of the tool jaw that can be displaced or pivoted by the actuating device, so that the tool jaw can be displaced and tilted on the mounting rail Tool jaw can be adjusted by the amount of the return path of the other tool jaw along the mounting rail. The workpiece held between the tool jaws is thus moved after each working movement of the one tool jaw in the direction of this tool jaw by an amount corresponding to the working movement, so that when the actuating device is actuated again, the tool jaw actuated by it during its movement in the direction of the movement is thus anew Tool rail canting the mounting rail on the workpiece is once again able to do work.

The delivery of the tool jaw guided on the mounting rail in the direction of the other tool jaw, which can be actuated by the actuating device, after each reset thereof to its starting position can take place, for example, under the dead weight of the displaceable tool jaw, for which purpose it is then necessary to hold the tool in such a way that the mounting rail is in a substantially vertical position. A position-independent infeed can advantageously be brought about by a force accumulator which constantly tries to move the tool jaw that can be moved along the mounting rail in the direction of the other tool jaw.

At least one of the two tool jaws expediently has a flat workpiece contact surface, which lies in a plane perpendicular to the direction of displacement of the tool jaw displaceable along the mounting rail.

The actuating device can be designed in various ways. It can be actuated by force, for example by a pressure medium or can be actuated electromechanically. In its simplest design, the actuating device is designed for manual operation, it being advantageous if a handle extending in the transverse direction is arranged on the mounting rail and the tool jaw, which can be actuated by the actuating device, is arranged pivotably about a pivot axis which is perpendicular to the Pivot axis and support rail extending parallel to the pivot plane of the tool jaw is provided. In this case, the pivotable tool jaw can advantageously be mounted with two lateral bearing legs on the end pieces of the pivot axis protruding laterally from the mounting rail and be part of a lever handle which forms a toggle lever, in which case a second lever handle can then be firmly arranged on the mounting rail. Long-lasting storage of the pivotable tool jaw on the mounting rail can be achieved in a simple manner in that the pivot axis forms a bearing shaft which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the mounting legs and is rotatably mounted in the mounting rail.

Furthermore, the adjustment force to be generated by the toggle lever can be changed continuously by varying the adjustment path of the pivotable tool jaw if the toggle lever is supported with its one lever end on an adjustable and lockable abutment.

If parts of workpieces are to be deformed or processed by pressing, one of the two tool jaws can have a workpiece contact surface, which can optionally be equipped with corresponding edges or steps.

Furthermore, it is possible to punch workpieces with the aid of the tool according to the invention. For this purpose, the tool is advantageously designed in such a way that a punch, in particular in the form of a sleeve with a circular cylindrical cross section, is arranged on the tool jaw opposite the flat workpiece contact surface, wherein the tool jaw carrying the punch can be designed such that the punch is removed from it is removable, so with the same work Workpieces can optionally be deformed, pressed or punched out.

Furthermore, the two tool jaws can each have a cylindrical recess on mutually facing flat sides, which are aligned with one another, wherein the recess can form an insertion hole for inserting a pin to be driven into a workpiece. These cylindrical recesses can be provided in interchangeable jaw inserts in order to expand the application area of the tool. A further improved design of the tool provides for the design of a tool jaw in such a way that additional tool parts such as punch punches, pin inserts or cutting blades can optionally be attached to it. If the tool jaw is equipped with a cutting blade, it is possible to use the tool, for example, to cut or notch wooden strips, such as base strips, with a miter. It is possible to cut such strips flat or upright. The tool is therefore also a useful tool for painters and decorators.

In order to be able to carry out miter and separating cuts at the usual angles, the flat workpiece contact surface of the one tool jaw contains bores in which a workpiece stop bar, preferably at several angles to the cutting plane, can be fixed.

The tool can also be used as pruning shears, whereby it also allows tree branches of relatively large diameter to be cut successively and with relatively little effort. The tool can also be used as cable scissors for multi-core insulated cables, as hose scissors for plastic and rubber hoses and as scissors for elastic profiles and plates made of rubber and foam, whereby it is easily possible, for example, profiles or rubber plates, if the carrier rail is of a suitable length Cut 80 to 100 mm thick.

When using the tool for shaping and pressing, it practically forms a small press, with the help of which, for example, flanged, bent, can be folded. It is also possible to use the rivets with their help, to press in pins as already mentioned and to unpin pinned parts.

• Figur 1 eine teilweise aufgebrochene Seitenansicht eines als Schere ausgebildeten Werkzeuges
• Figur 2 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 2-2 der Figur 1 durch die Schere
• Figur 3 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 3-3 der Figur 1 durch die Schere
• Figur 4 eine Vorderansicht einer an der einen Backe der Schere befestigbaren Anschlagleiste
• Figur 5 eine Teilseitenansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispieles eines Werkzeuges zum Lochen von Gegenständen
• Figur 6 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 6-6 der Fig. 5
• Figur 7 in Seitenansicht das Vorderende der beiden Tragschenkel eines dritten Ausführungsbeispieles eines Werkzeuges, mit dessen Hilfe Werkstücke verstiftet werden können
• Figur 8 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 8-8 der Fig. 7
• Fig. 9 eine Seitenansicht des vorderen Teils der Tragschenkel einer Konstruktionsvariante einer Schere gemäss Fig. 1
• Fig. 10 eine Stirnansicht der Schere gemäss Fig. 9, in Pfeilrichtung A gesehen.

Further features and details of the invention are explained in the subsequent description of exemplary embodiments of tools according to the invention shown in the drawing and / or in the claims. The drawing shows:

• Figure 1 is a partially broken side view of a tool designed as scissors
• Figure 2 shows a section along the line 2-2 of Figure 1 through the scissors
• 3 shows a section along the line 3-3 of Figure 1 through the scissors
• Figure 4 is a front view of a stop bar attachable to one jaw of the scissors
• Figure 5 is a partial side view of a second embodiment of a tool for punching objects
• FIG. 6 shows a section along the line 6-6 of FIG. 5
• Figure 7 in side view the front end of the two support legs of a third embodiment of a tool, with the help of which workpieces can be pinned
• FIG. 8 shows a section along the line 8-8 of FIG. 7
• 9 is a side view of the front part of the support leg of a construction variant of a pair of scissors according to FIG. 1
• 10 is an end view of the scissors according to FIG. 9, seen in the direction of arrow A.

The scissors-forming tool shown in FIG. 1 has two tool bodies 10, 12, which are arranged in a common plane and form support legs, which have been referred to above as tool jaws and of which the upper one is displaceable on a support rail 14 and can be fixed by tilting. For this purpose, the same has a guide piece 16 which is penetrated by a guide opening 18 for receiving the guide rail 14. This guide opening has mutually parallel narrow guide surfaces 20, 22 which abut the mutually opposite longitudinal edges 24, 26 of the mounting rail. The two guide surfaces 20, 22 are each delimited by two transverse edges 28, 30 and 32, 34, the transverse edge 30 of the guide surface 20 and the transverse edge 32 of the guide surface 22 tilting to fix the support leg 10 on the support rail as soon as through the support leg 12 A pressure is exerted on the support leg 10 via a workpiece which is present between the two support legs and which is to be severed.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, as seen in the longitudinal direction of the mounting rail 14, the distance a of the opposite transverse edges 30, 32 causing the canting of the mounting leg 10 is smaller than the distance b of the other, the guide surfaces 20, 22 of the guide opening 18 delimiting transverse edges 28, 34. The tiltable transverse edge 30 on the side of the tool mouth formed by the support legs is at a greater distance from the adjacent support leg 12. The smaller distance a between the transverse edges 30, 32 ensures the secure tilting of the tool body 10.

36 denotes an attachment piece formed on the guide piece 18 in order to facilitate its handling. This will be discussed in more detail below.

The tool body 12, which also forms a support leg, is articulated to the lower end of the support rail 14 according to FIG. The tool body is formed by a sheet metal part which has two lateral bearing legs 38, 40, in which a bearing shaft 42 is held in a rotationally fixed manner. When swiveling of the tool body 12, the bearing shaft 42 accordingly rotates in a bearing bore of the mounting rail 14, whereby a robust bearing is achieved by avoiding the generally relatively thin-walled bearing legs 38, 40 of the tool body 12 when the scissors are actuated a fixed pivot axis can be pivoted and, due to the small wall thickness of the bearing legs and the inevitable high surface pressure at high working pressures, the bearing holes can be expanded.

At the lower end of the mounting rail 14, a handle 44 is also rigidly arranged, which extends perpendicularly from the mounting rail in the plane of the tool bodies 10, 12 away from the latter. This handle is also formed by a sheet metal part which is U-shaped in cross section, the U legs 46, 48 of which are penetrated by the bearing shaft 42. The U-legs are positively pressed with the mounting rail. You can also be welded with this in some areas.

50 designates as a whole an adjusting device for pivoting the tool body 12. This is formed by a manually operable lever gear, which has a lever handle 52 which is part of a toggle lever, the lever of which is labeled 54 and 56 and the knee joint of 58. The toggle lever can be handled with the lever handle 52. 60 denotes a trigger lever known per se, which is articulated at 62 on the lever handle and has a trigger cam 64 in order to be able to push the knee joint 58 out of a dead center position for releasing the tool.

The lever handle 52 is articulated at 66 on the tool body 12. 68 denotes a tension spring which is anchored between the articulation points 42, 66 of the tool body 12 and on the handle 44 at 70. This tension spring tries to keep the tool body 12 relative to the handle 44 in a position that is necessary to release a workpiece inserted between the tool bodies 10, 12.

The tool body 12 forming a support leg carries on its side facing the tool body 10 a flat workpiece support plate 72, the workpiece support surface of which is located in a plane perpendicular to the support rail 14. This plate widens towards the rear and on this widened part two pairs of insertion holes 74, 76 are provided in its workpiece support surface, which lie in mutually perpendicular planes cc and dd, which in turn are arranged at 45 ° to the plane in which the tool body and the handle. A cuboid stop bar 78 shown in FIG. 4 with corresponding insertion pins 80, 82 can be inserted into the insertion holes provided in pairs. Workpieces to be machined can thus be defined in the tool body 12, for example for miter cutting at 45 ° to the cutting plane e-e.

The tool body 10 has on its free end piece a cutting edge 84 facing the tool body 12, which is formed on a cutting blade 86, which in turn, as can be seen from FIG. 3, can be exchanged between two clamping jaws 88, 90 provided on the guide piece 16 by means of a clamping screw 92 is held.

The cutting edge is located in the parting plane e-e, a slot-shaped recess 93 extending over its length being assigned to it in the workpiece support plate 72 in order to avoid contact of the cutting edge 84 with the plate 72.

The tool body 10 is under the influence of a force accumulator, which tries to move it constantly on the mounting rail 14 in the direction of the tool body 12. In the present exemplary embodiment, this energy store is formed by a tension spring, preferably in the form of a rubber strand 94, which is anchored to a pin 96 provided on the front of the guide piece 16 and approximately parallel to the mounting rail according to FIG. 1 down to one in the bearing legs 38 , 40 of the tool body 12 held deflection pin 98 and from there, through the bearing legs, according to FIG. 1, diagonally upwards and backwards to an anchoring pin 100 held in the U-legs 46, 48 of the handle.

• Es sei angenommen, dass beispielsweise ein mehradriges isoliertes Kabel durchtrennt werden soll. Hierzu ist der die Klinge tragende Werkzeugkörper 10 gegen die Wirkung der Zugkraft des Gummistranges 94 entlang der Tragschiene 14 gemäss Figur 1 nach oben zu verschieben und das Kabel auf die Werkstückauflageplatte 72 des Werkzeugkörpers 10 aufzulegen. Unter der Kraftwirkung des Gummistranges 94 wird der Werkzeugkörper 10 in Richtung Kabelmantel verschoben, bis die Schneidkante 84 an diesem anliegt. Danach kann das Abscheren beginnen, in dem der Hebelgriff 52 relativ zum Handgriff 44 verschwenkt und dadurch der Werkzeugkörper 12 in Richtung Werkzeugkörper 10, entsprechend der angegebenen Pfeilrichtung, verschwenkt wird. Dadurch wird auf den Werkzeugkörper 10 ein Druck ausgeübt, der dazu führt, dass dieser an der Tragschiene 14 verkantet und ein Widerlager bildet, so dass die Schneidkante 84 in den zu durchtrennenden Kabelmantel entsprechend dem Betrag, um den der Werkzeugkörper 12 verschwenkt wird, eindringt.

The function of the tool designed as scissors is as follows:

• It is assumed that, for example, a multi-core insulated cable is to be cut. For this purpose, the tool body 10 carrying the blade is to be displaced upwards against the action of the tensile force of the rubber strand 94 along the mounting rail 14 according to FIG. 1 and the cable is placed on the workpiece support plate 72 of the tool body 10. Under the force of the rubber strand 94, the tool body 10 is displaced in the direction of the cable jacket until the cutting edge 84 abuts against it. Shearing can then begin by pivoting the lever handle 52 relative to the handle 44 and thereby pivoting the tool body 12 in the direction of the tool body 10 in accordance with the arrow direction indicated. As a result, pressure is exerted on the tool body 10, which causes it to cant on the mounting rail 14 and forms an abutment, so that the cutting edge 84 penetrates into the cable sheath to be severed in accordance with the amount by which the tool body 12 is pivoted.

If this first partial cut is made, the tool body 12 is pivoted back into its starting position in the opposite direction, the tool body 10 now being readjusted in the direction of the tool body 12 by the amount of rubber by the amount by which the workpiece support plate 72 is reset. This means that the two Tool body maintain their relative position to the cable unchanged when pivoting the tool body 12 into its starting position.

If the readjustment movement of the tool body 10 to be initiated by the rubber strand 94 is inhibited due to its tilting on the mounting rail, the attachment 36 of the tool body 10 can be slightly raised with the thumb and this can be released on the mounting rail.

When the adjusting device 50 is actuated again, a partial cut is carried out again in the manner described, so that even objects of relatively large diameter can be cut successively without too much effort, by successively making cuts of the same depth and thereby cutting blade 86 ever deeper into the workpiece incorporated.

Figures 5 and 6 show a tool used as a punch for punching elastic materials, such as rubber or foam, even with extreme thicknesses. For this purpose, the tool body 10 is equipped at its free end with a preferably preferably interchangeably arranged cylindrical punch 108 which is able to dip into a cylindrical sleeve 107 provided on the tool body 12. The latter is arranged in a receiving bore 112 in the tool body. FIG. 6 shows the arrangement of the punch 108 on an insert 114 which is arranged interchangeably in the tool body 10. Alternatively, only a hollow punch 107 could be provided on the tool body 12.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show an exemplary embodiment of a tool which is converted or designed for driving cylindrical pins 116 into bores of workpieces 118. In this case, there is a pin insertion bore 120 in the tool body 12, the depth of which is shallow, while a pin receiving bore 122 is provided in the tool body 10 in alignment with this bore and is correspondingly deep.

In the scissors according to FIGS. 9 and 10, a cutting blade 130 or 132 is preferably interchangeably fastened to both tool bodies such that their cutting edges 134 and 136 move past one another directly when the scissors are closed. The cutting blade 132 or the support arm of the tool body 12 according to FIG. 1 can also be pulled down relatively far, so that the cutting edge 136 or the lower workpiece support surface comes so far under the bearing of the tool body in question that, for example, continuous separating cuts into a dash-dotted line indicated sheet metal plate 106 can be introduced.

It is clear that the tool body can be designed in such a way that the described work can optionally be carried out using the tool.

It is also obvious that the arrangement of a processing tool may offers particular advantages if it is provided on the tool body 12 which can be actuated by the adjusting device.

The arrangement of a processing tool on the tool body 10, on the other hand, offers the possibility of a tool change that can be carried out at short notice, in which the tool body can be exchanged for a tool body equipped with another processing tool.

Claims (20)

1. A tool comprising a support rail(14) and two tool jaws (10, 12) for engaging on a workpiece, said jaws being located with the support rail (14) in a common plane, the first tool jaw (10) being displaceable along the support rail (14) due to a guide opening (18) and securable in position on said support rail by canting to engage said rail with its opening's edges, whereas the second tool jaw (12) is movable alternatingly backwards and forward towards said first tool jaw (10) by means of an actuating device (50), characterized in that for successive working of workpieces in consecutive steps of operation at least one of the tool jaws (10, 12) is provided with a working element (84, 86) and self-acting adjusting means (94) engaging on the first tool jaw (10) are provided for displacing the first tool jaw (10) in the direction of the second tool jaw (12) during the backward motion of the latter.

2. Tool as defined in claim 1, characterized in that a handle (44) is arranged on the support rail (14) such that it extends in a transverse direction away from said rail.

3. Tool as defined in claim 2, characterized in that the handle (44) is disposed in the plane of the tool jaws (10, 12).

4. Tool as defined in claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one of the two tool jaws (10, 12) has a plane workpiece support surface lying in a plane disposed at right angles to the direction of movement of the tool jaw (10) displaceable along the support rail (14).

5. Tool as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterized by a force supply means (94) constantly attempting to move the tool jaw (10) displaceable along the support rail (14) in the direction of the other tool jaw (12).

6. Tool as defined in claim 5, characterized in that the force supply means is formed by a tension spring designed in particular as a rubber band (94).

7. Tool as defined in claim 6, characterized in that the tension spring (94) extends in part substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support rail (14) and is anchored in particular to the handle (44) at a distance behind a point of deflection (98), said point of deflection (98) being positioned such that it is spaced from the tool jaw (10) displaceable on the support rail (14) when the tool jaws (10, 12) engage on one another.

8. Tool as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the acuating device (50) is actuated by pressure medium.

9. Tool as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool jaw actuatable by the actuating device is disposed for reciprocating movement on the support rail.

10. Tool as defined in any of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the tool jaw (12) actuatable by the actuating device (50) is pivotable about a pivoting axis (42) provided on the support rail (14) extending at right angles to the pivoting axis and parallel to the pivoting plane of the tool jaw.

11. Tool as defined in claim 10, characterized in that the pivoting tool jaw (12) has two lateral bearing arms (38, 40) for mounting said tool jaw on the ends of the pivoting axis (42) projecting laterally from the support rail (14) and is part of a lever handle (52) which forms an elbow lever, and that a second lever handle (44) is rigidly mounted on the support rail(14).

12. Tool as defined in claim 11, characterized in that the part of the tension spring (94) extending substantially parallel to the support rail (14) runs between the bearing arms (38, 40) of the pivotable tool jaw (12) and is deflected therebetween.

13. Tool as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the toll jaw (10) displaceable along the support rail (14) is provided with an attachment (36) for its manipulation, said attachment extending, in relation to the support rail (14), in the opposite direction to the portion of this tool jaw serving to hold a workpiece.

14. Tool as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, when seen in the direction of guidance of the displaceable tool jaw (10), the distance between the transverse edges (30, 32) of a guide opening (18) in the tool jaw (10) cantable to engage on the support rail, said transverse edges being cantable to engage on opposite edges (24, 26) of the support rail (14), is smaller than the distance between the other transverse edges (28, 34) defining the guide opening (18), the cantable transverse edge (30) present, on the side of the tool mouth formed by the tool jaws (10, 12) being at a greater distance from the adjacent tool jaw (12).

15. Tool as defined in any of the preceding claims 4 to 14, characterized in that a punch (108), in particular in the form of a sleeve circular-cylindrical in cross section, is arranged on the tool jaw (10) lying opposite the tool jaw (12) having the plane workpiece support surface.

16. Tool as defined in any of the preceding claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the two tool jaws (10, 12) each have a cylindrical recess (120, 122) in their flat surfaces facing one another, said recesses being aligned with one another and one of said recesses (120) forming an insertion hole for a pin (116) to be driven into a workpiece (118).

17. Tool as defined in any of the preceding claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at least one tool jaw, in particular the tool jaw (10) guided for displacement on the support rail (14), forms a cutting edge (84).

18. Tool as defined in claim 17, characterized in that the tool jaw (12) having a plane workpiece support surface has an insert of a relatively soft material or a recess (93) in the workpiece support surface which is associated with the cutting edge (84).

19. Tool as defined in claim 18, characterized in that the plane workpiece support surface has bores (74, 76) in which a workpiece fence (78) is securable, preferably at a plurality of angles to the cutting plane (e-e).

20. Tool as defined in any of the preceding claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the cutting edge (84) is part of a cutting blade (86) which is arranged on the tool jaw (10) so as to be interchangeable.

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