EP0058061A2 - Outil de forage pour formation souterraine - Google Patents

Outil de forage pour formation souterraine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0058061A2
EP0058061A2 EP82300578A EP82300578A EP0058061A2 EP 0058061 A2 EP0058061 A2 EP 0058061A2 EP 82300578 A EP82300578 A EP 82300578A EP 82300578 A EP82300578 A EP 82300578A EP 0058061 A2 EP0058061 A2 EP 0058061A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting elements
cutting
tool
tool according
hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82300578A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0058061A3 (fr
Inventor
John Michael Fuller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Drilling and Service UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Drilling and Service UK Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Drilling and Service UK Ltd filed Critical Drilling and Service UK Ltd
Publication of EP0058061A2 publication Critical patent/EP0058061A2/fr
Publication of EP0058061A3 publication Critical patent/EP0058061A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
    • E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
    • E21B10/265—Bi-center drill bits, i.e. an integral bit and eccentric reamer used to simultaneously drill and underream the hole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
    • E21B17/1092—Gauge section of drill bits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to tools for drilling or enlarging the diameter of a deep hole by rotary motion of a drilling assembly in an underground formation for example to extract oil, gas, water, minerals or geothermal energy, or to inject gas or liquids to pressurise a reservoir or for waste disposal.
  • a well known tool for meeting these requirements is a so-called "eccentric blade hole-opener" which has no moving parts.
  • This normally comprises a centralising means and a cutting means, the latter being uppermost in use of the tool.
  • the centralising means may carry or include a pilot drilling means.
  • the cutting means comprises a plurality of cutting elements projecting normally on one side only. The omission of cutting means on the other side enables the tool to pass through the well head or casing having a smaller internal diameter than that made by the cutting means. This is . possible, because th6 centralising means ceases to function while passing through the well head or casing and out of the pilot hole.
  • a tool for the purpose specified comprises an annular body having means at least at one end whereby it may be connected to other units of the bottom hole assembly of a drill string, the connecting means being arranged such that the element is mounted eccentrically on the bottom hole assembly, in which cutting elements are distributed about an end face of the body in an arrangement to reduce imbalance of the lateral components of the cutting forces generated in use of the hole opener.
  • the cutting elements may be arranged about the end face in an appropriate position and/or attitude.
  • One arrangement is to distribute the cutting-elements approximately evenly close to the periphery of-the end face.
  • the exact radial distances of the cutters from the central axis of the hole opener are individually selected to determine the cutting pattern and equalise their wear life as far as possible.
  • the cutting elements may be evenly or unevenly spaced around the periphery.
  • the sum of the horizontal cutting forces generated in use of the tool comprises a turning couple + an imbalance horizontal component.
  • the imbalance component may be reduced to be less than 50%, preferably about 20% of the total horizontal cutting force.
  • the eccentric hole opener of the invention may take a variety of forms. Although the body may be round as seen-in plan, in practice, it may not be necessary to have a complete peripheral wall.
  • the end face of the eccentric.hole opener may be flat or conical or parabaloidal.
  • the eccentric hole opener will form one of the units of the bottom hole assembly.
  • the hole opener will be connected to a centralising means.
  • This may be integral with the eccentric hole opener and/or may take the form of a stabiliser and/or a roller reamer and/or a pilot bit any of which may co-operate with a pilot hole, previously drilled or drilled by the pilot bit while the hole is being opened.
  • the arrangement of cutting elements on the hole opener may be adjusted to take into account the cutting forces generated by the cutting elements of the bit. For example cutting elements may be present on one side only of the pilot bit, and the cutting elements of the eccentric hole opener may be disposed diametrically opposite those of the pilot bit.
  • the relationship between the diameters of: the pilot hole, the hole to be made, and the bore through which the tool must pass may be such that there is not room for cutting elements all round the eccentric periphery.
  • a beneficial partial lateral force Balance may be obtained by locating the cutting elements as far round the eccentric periphery as possible. Further improvement in this case can be obtained by variation of the spacing and/or orientation of the cutting elements.
  • An arrangement within the scope of the invention is to distribute the cutters unevenly about the axis, predominantly on one side where there is more room, and to orient the cutting elements to introduce a side rake angle to reduce the lateral imbalance of the cutting forces.
  • the cutting elements need not be located in the same horizontal plane and may be on for example a cone or parabaloid coaxial with the centralising means.
  • the cutting elements may be formed of. any suitable material, e.g. natural diamond, synthetic diamond and/or tungsten carbide. They may be polycrystalline diamond compacts. They may take the form of rollers carrying teeth, as in roller cone rock bits.
  • the hole opener of Figures 1 and 2 comprises a . stabiliser unit 1, an eccentric hub 2 carrying cutting elements 9 and 10 and an upper fishing neck or tong neck 3. At each end the tool has a tool joint thread connection 4 and 14 and the tool has a through bore 5 to pass drilling fluid.
  • the stabiliser unit 1 has a number of smooth lands 6 partially protected by wear pads of tungsten carbide or other hard material.
  • the trailing end of the hub 2 is chamfered as at 11 for guiding of the tool when it is removed from a well, particularly through the well head.
  • the neck 3 is used for rig tongs in making up the tool joints 4 and 14.
  • the neck 3 is shaped for fishing, should the tool be lost in a hole.
  • a rotary pilot drill bit having a diameter very close to that of the stabiliser 6 is connected to the thread connection 4 and the thread connection 14 is connected to the lowest drill collar of the assembly.
  • the assembly is run into the hole and driven like a rotary drill bit.
  • the pilot bit drills ahead and the cutters 9 cut or abrade the bottom of the enlarged portion of the hole so extending it at the same rate.
  • the cutting elements 10 trim the enlarged hole to the full diameter.
  • a further advantage of the tool is that all the drilling fluid which passes through the pilot bit is forced to pass close by the cutting elements, giving improved cleaning and cooling. In previous blade type eccentric hole openers, much of the drilling fluid passes freely between the blades.
  • Nozzles may be provided to pass additional clean drilling fluid to the bottom of the enlarged hole as in other hole openers.
  • the tool of Figures 1 and 2 is of especial value in passing through a well head having a bore diameter of 386 mm, drilling a pilot hole 211 mm and enlarging the diameter to about 445 mm.
  • Figure 3 shows diagrammatically a tool in a bore 20 how the cutting elements are oriented with a side rake angle to balance the lateral forces in cases where there is insufficient room to spread the cutting elements all around the periphery of the tool. Only three cutters are shown for clarity, but more may be present.
  • the cutter 9a has zero side rake and the force exerted on it by the formation is represented as the vector A.
  • the side rake angle of cutter 9b swings the cutting force vector B giving a component in opposition to the force A.
  • a similar component D combines with C to partly or largely laterally balance the force A.
  • the eccentric hole opener 40 comprises a lower frustoconical body 41 having rows 43 of cutting elements 42.
  • An integrally formed upper frustoconical body 44 is present to guide the hole opener in its removal from the bore.
  • the elements are shown in vertical rows 43, this arrangement could be replaced by another configuration, e.g. a helix. Because the cutting elements extend around the circumference of the hole opener 40, the imbalance components of the horizontal cutting forces generated in use of the tool is reduced.
  • the bottom hole assembly comprises a pilot bit 51 integrally formed with an eccentric hole opener 52.
  • the bit has rows of cutting elements 53 arranged in known manner.
  • the hole opener has a generally circular side portion X which merges with a side portion Y of a radius equal to that of the enlarged hole being-drilled.
  • the lower end face 54 of the hole opener 52 slopes atross the major axis of the bit 51,- as best seen in Figure 5.
  • Cutting elements 55 are arranged in banks at the side portion X of the face 54, in an arrangement to balance the cutting forces generated by the elements 54 at the periphery of the side portion Y. Further cutting elements 56 are present in the side face of the portion Y as seen in Figure 5. Drilling mud exits via the outlet 57 of the pilot bit 51 and is forced up waterways W past the cutting elements 53 of the bit and the cutting elements 55 of the hole opener.
  • the bottom hole assembly comprises a pilot bit 71 integrally formed with an eccentric hole opener 72. Rows of cutting elements 73 are present on the bit on one side only, the left hand side as seen in Figure 7.
  • the hole opener has a generally circular side portion which merges with a side portion of a radius equal to that of the enlarged hole being drilled.
  • the lower end face 74 of the hole opener 72 slopes across the major axis of the bit 71, and cutting elements 75 are arranged in banks on the right hand side of the bit in an arrangement to balance the cutting forces generated by the elements 73. In this way the hole opener is balanced even though the elements 73, 75 are vertically spaced apart up the tool.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP82300578A 1981-02-07 1982-02-05 Outil de forage pour formation souterraine Withdrawn EP0058061A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8103820 1981-02-07
GB8103820 1981-02-07
GB8104537 1981-02-13
GB8104537 1981-02-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0058061A2 true EP0058061A2 (fr) 1982-08-18
EP0058061A3 EP0058061A3 (fr) 1982-09-01

Family

ID=26278364

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82300578A Withdrawn EP0058061A3 (fr) 1981-02-07 1982-02-05 Outil de forage pour formation souterraine

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0058061A3 (fr)
NO (1) NO820347L (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3414206C1 (de) * 1984-04-14 1985-02-21 Norton Christensen, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah Drehbohrmeissel fuer Tiefbohrungen
AT390644B (de) * 1986-12-17 1990-06-11 Homco International Inc Fraeswerkzeug
FR2678678A1 (fr) * 1991-07-04 1993-01-08 Smf Int Dispositif de reglage de l'azimut de la trajectoire d'un outil de forage en mode rotary.
WO1998015710A1 (fr) * 1996-10-09 1998-04-16 Baker Hughes Incorporated Appareil d'alesage a stabilite renforcee et passage d'un trou pilote a un diametre de trou elargi
EP0872624A2 (fr) * 1997-04-16 1998-10-21 Camco International (UK) Limited Perfectionnements aux trépans de forage rotatifs
EP0905348A2 (fr) * 1994-10-31 1999-03-31 The Red Baron (Oil Tools Rental) Limited Lame de coupe pour élargisseur
EP1039095A2 (fr) * 1999-03-19 2000-09-27 Diamond Products International, Inc. Trépan de forage
BE1012924A5 (fr) * 1997-10-21 2001-06-05 Diamond Products Internat Inc Perfectionnements aux tetes de forage ou concernant celles-ci.
EP1085167A3 (fr) * 1999-09-09 2001-06-27 Smith International, Inc. Aléseur avec éléments de coupe en diamant polycristallin
US6269893B1 (en) 1999-06-30 2001-08-07 Smith International, Inc. Bi-centered drill bit having improved drilling stability mud hydraulics and resistance to cutter damage
US6394200B1 (en) 1999-10-28 2002-05-28 Camco International (U.K.) Limited Drillout bi-center bit
US6622803B2 (en) 2000-03-22 2003-09-23 Rotary Drilling Technology, Llc Stabilizer for use in a drill string
US6926099B2 (en) 2003-03-26 2005-08-09 Varel International, L.P. Drill out bi-center bit and method for using same
US8042625B2 (en) 2008-11-03 2011-10-25 National Oilwell Varco, L.P. Drilling tool
CN106285512A (zh) * 2016-10-10 2017-01-04 贵州高峰石油机械股份有限公司 一种偏心扶正器及其使用方法
CN114151017A (zh) * 2021-11-23 2022-03-08 中海石油(中国)有限公司 仿生偏心聚晶金刚石复合片

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE115257C (fr) *
BE513754A (fr) *
US2074951A (en) * 1935-12-14 1937-03-23 John A Zublin Bit for drilling a hole larger than the bit
FR1307849A (fr) * 1961-12-12 1962-10-26 Atlantic Refining Co Procédé et appareil pour forer des trous de sonde
US3237705A (en) * 1963-11-13 1966-03-01 Williams Joseph W Reamer for enlarging and straightening bore holes
US3851719A (en) * 1973-03-22 1974-12-03 American Coldset Corp Stabilized under-drilling apparatus
US3871488A (en) * 1974-02-13 1975-03-18 Daniel R Sabre Rock drilling
US4098363A (en) * 1977-04-25 1978-07-04 Christensen, Inc. Diamond drilling bit for soft and medium hard formations

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE115257C (fr) *
BE513754A (fr) *
US2074951A (en) * 1935-12-14 1937-03-23 John A Zublin Bit for drilling a hole larger than the bit
FR1307849A (fr) * 1961-12-12 1962-10-26 Atlantic Refining Co Procédé et appareil pour forer des trous de sonde
US3237705A (en) * 1963-11-13 1966-03-01 Williams Joseph W Reamer for enlarging and straightening bore holes
US3851719A (en) * 1973-03-22 1974-12-03 American Coldset Corp Stabilized under-drilling apparatus
US3871488A (en) * 1974-02-13 1975-03-18 Daniel R Sabre Rock drilling
US4098363A (en) * 1977-04-25 1978-07-04 Christensen, Inc. Diamond drilling bit for soft and medium hard formations

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2562947A1 (fr) * 1984-04-14 1985-10-18 Christensen Inc Norton Trepan rotatif pour forages profonds
DE3414206C1 (de) * 1984-04-14 1985-02-21 Norton Christensen, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah Drehbohrmeissel fuer Tiefbohrungen
AT390644B (de) * 1986-12-17 1990-06-11 Homco International Inc Fraeswerkzeug
FR2678678A1 (fr) * 1991-07-04 1993-01-08 Smf Int Dispositif de reglage de l'azimut de la trajectoire d'un outil de forage en mode rotary.
WO1993001390A1 (fr) * 1991-07-04 1993-01-21 Institut Français Du Petrole Dispositif de reglage de l'azimut de la trajectoire d'un outil de forage en mode rotary
US5350028A (en) * 1991-07-04 1994-09-27 Institut Francais Du Petrole Device for adjusting the path of a rotary drilling tool
EP0905348A2 (fr) * 1994-10-31 1999-03-31 The Red Baron (Oil Tools Rental) Limited Lame de coupe pour élargisseur
EP0905348A3 (fr) * 1994-10-31 1999-06-30 The Red Baron (Oil Tools Rental) Limited Lame de coupe pour élargisseur
US5967246A (en) * 1995-10-10 1999-10-19 Camco International (Uk) Limited Rotary drill bits
US6092613A (en) * 1995-10-10 2000-07-25 Camco International (Uk) Limited Rotary drill bits
US5992547A (en) * 1995-10-10 1999-11-30 Camco International (Uk) Limited Rotary drill bits
WO1998015710A1 (fr) * 1996-10-09 1998-04-16 Baker Hughes Incorporated Appareil d'alesage a stabilite renforcee et passage d'un trou pilote a un diametre de trou elargi
US6116356A (en) * 1996-10-09 2000-09-12 Baker Hughes Incorporated Reaming apparatus and method with enhanced stability and transition from pilot hole to enlarged bore diameter
EP0872624A2 (fr) * 1997-04-16 1998-10-21 Camco International (UK) Limited Perfectionnements aux trépans de forage rotatifs
EP0872624A3 (fr) * 1997-04-16 1999-04-14 Camco International (UK) Limited Perfectionnements aux trépans de forage rotatifs
BE1012924A5 (fr) * 1997-10-21 2001-06-05 Diamond Products Internat Inc Perfectionnements aux tetes de forage ou concernant celles-ci.
EP1039095A2 (fr) * 1999-03-19 2000-09-27 Diamond Products International, Inc. Trépan de forage
EP1039095A3 (fr) * 1999-03-19 2001-04-11 Diamond Products International, Inc. Trépan de forage
GB2351513B (en) * 1999-06-30 2003-06-18 Smith International Bi-center drill bit
US6269893B1 (en) 1999-06-30 2001-08-07 Smith International, Inc. Bi-centered drill bit having improved drilling stability mud hydraulics and resistance to cutter damage
EP1085167A3 (fr) * 1999-09-09 2001-06-27 Smith International, Inc. Aléseur avec éléments de coupe en diamant polycristallin
US6386302B1 (en) 1999-09-09 2002-05-14 Smith International, Inc. Polycrystaline diamond compact insert reaming tool
US6394200B1 (en) 1999-10-28 2002-05-28 Camco International (U.K.) Limited Drillout bi-center bit
US6606923B2 (en) 1999-10-28 2003-08-19 Grant Prideco, L.P. Design method for drillout bi-center bits
US6622803B2 (en) 2000-03-22 2003-09-23 Rotary Drilling Technology, Llc Stabilizer for use in a drill string
US6926099B2 (en) 2003-03-26 2005-08-09 Varel International, L.P. Drill out bi-center bit and method for using same
US8042625B2 (en) 2008-11-03 2011-10-25 National Oilwell Varco, L.P. Drilling tool
CN106285512A (zh) * 2016-10-10 2017-01-04 贵州高峰石油机械股份有限公司 一种偏心扶正器及其使用方法
CN106285512B (zh) * 2016-10-10 2018-10-30 贵州高峰石油机械股份有限公司 一种偏心扶正器及其使用方法
CN114151017A (zh) * 2021-11-23 2022-03-08 中海石油(中国)有限公司 仿生偏心聚晶金刚石复合片

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO820347L (no) 1982-08-09
EP0058061A3 (fr) 1982-09-01

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Effective date: 19830214

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Effective date: 19840727

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Inventor name: FULLER, JOHN MICHAEL