EP0057941A2 - Surface d'ébullition de transfert de chaleur - Google Patents

Surface d'ébullition de transfert de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0057941A2
EP0057941A2 EP82100978A EP82100978A EP0057941A2 EP 0057941 A2 EP0057941 A2 EP 0057941A2 EP 82100978 A EP82100978 A EP 82100978A EP 82100978 A EP82100978 A EP 82100978A EP 0057941 A2 EP0057941 A2 EP 0057941A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
heat transfer
fins
base wall
range
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82100978A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0057941A3 (fr
Inventor
Theodore C. Carnavos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Noranda Inc
Original Assignee
Noranda Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Noranda Inc filed Critical Noranda Inc
Publication of EP0057941A2 publication Critical patent/EP0057941A2/fr
Publication of EP0057941A3 publication Critical patent/EP0057941A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F28F13/185—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings
    • F28F13/187—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings especially adapted for evaporator surfaces or condenser surfaces, e.g. with nucleation sites
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a heat transfer device, and more particularly to a heat transfer tube having an improved nucleate boiling surface.
  • nucleate boiling One mode of heat transfer from a surface to a fluid in contact with such surface is nucleate boiling. This phenomenon is well known and consists in that, during boiling, maecy vapour bubbles are generated on the heat transfer surface from active areas known as nucleation sites and rise to the surface of the liquid. This creates agitation and increases heat transfer. It is also known that these vapour bubbles are more readily formed at surface irregularities. Therefore, in order to obtain a large heat transfer coefficient, it is generally recognized to roughen the surface of heat transfer devices to create as many nucleation sites as possible. Up to now, various methods of forming nucleation sites have been proposed. U.S. Patent No. 3,326,283 teaches the idea of knurling an already finned tube. U.S. Patent No.
  • 3,454,081 teaches a method for increasing the number of nucleation sites in which ridges formed by scoring are deformed by a subsequent knurling operation to create partially enclosed and connected subsurface cavities for vapour entrapment so as to promote nucleate boiling.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,683,656 teaches another method of increasing the number of nucleation sites by partially bending the fins of a finned tube to form cavities.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,893,233 teaches the idea of first knurling a smooth tube with a diamond pattern and then subjecting the knurled tube to a finning operation to form small splits of a controlled geometry and depth which become efficient nucleation sites for boiling enhancement.
  • Applicant has surprisingly found that an increase in heat transfer of 200 to 300% over that of a smooth tube may be obtained by performing an improved knurling operation on a finned tube.
  • the heat transfer device in accordance with the invention, comprises a base wall of heat conductive material, a plurality of spaced apart fins formed integrally with the surface of the base wall at about 30 to 40 fins per inch, and a plurality of indentations formed in the peripheral edge of said fins by a diamond knurling tool forming two series of parallel threads in the range of 40-80 threads per inch intersecting each other at an angle of 10 to 80 degrees, preferably about 60 degrees.
  • the base wall is preferably a tube and the indentations are formed as a knurled diamond pattern around the outer periphery of the tube.
  • the height of the fin is preferably in the range of .025 to .040 inch and the depth of the indentations in the range of .012 to .020 inch.
  • the fins are preferably arranged in configuration from 30 to 40 fins per inch (FPI) and have a height of about .032 inch.
  • FPI fins per inch
  • Such tube is subsequently subjected to a knurling operation ation known as diamond knurling wherein two series of parallel threads 14 and 16 in the range of 40-80 threads per inch (TPI) intersecting each other at an angle of about 60° are formed on the fins at a depth of about .016 inch.
  • TPI threads per inch
  • Tube C-0 to C-4 Heat transfer tests were performed on five tubes hereinafter designated C-0 to C-4. All tubes had internal smooth surfaces. Tube C-0 had an external smooth surface. Tube C-1 was finned at 30 FPI and knurled at 80 TPI. Tube C-2 was finned at 40 FPI and knurled at 40 TPI. Tube C-3 was finned at 40 FPI and knurled at 80 TPI. Finally, tube C-4 was finned at 30 FPI and knurled at 30 TPI.
  • the apparatus used for making the tests is an apparatus boiling refrigerant R-11 such as disclosed in a paper by T. C. Carnavos entitled "An Experimental Study: Condensing R-ll on Augmented Tubes" presented at the joint ASME/AICHE National Heat Transfer Conference, Orlando, Florida, July 27-30, 1980.
  • the apparatus consisted of an insulated rectangular shell having within the shell a single condensing tube in the upper portion and a single boiling tube in the lower portion for vapour generation.
  • the tested boiling tubes were 3/4" nominal and approximately 52" long. Hot water flowed in a closed loop through a calibrated 250 mm rotameter and the boiling tube, and returned to a Variac controlled 9kw hot water heater for reheating.
  • the heat flux Q was calculated by:
  • LMTD Log Mean Temperature Difference
  • Figure 3 provides the graphical presentation of Heat Flux for all the tube tested over the Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD).
  • Tube C-3 having the geometry 40 FPI/80TPI exhibited the highest overall heat flux, some 200 to 300% above smooth tube C-0, across a broad LMTD range.
  • the C-3 tube is especially a good performer in the lower LMTD range, where operation is most prevalent for these types of augmented boiling tubes.
  • Tube C-4 is a finned tube which was knurled at 30 TPI and which contains about the same number of nucleation sites per unit area as the tubes disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,326,283. It will be noted that the performance of the tube C-4 is much lower than that of tubes C-1, C-2 and C-3 which are made in accordance with the present invention, that is knurled at 40-80 FPI. It will thus be seen from the above that the performance gains obtained with the finned tubes knurled at 40-80 FPI are very substantial, not only over a smooth tube but also over the tubes disclosed in the above U.S. Patent No. 3,326,283.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
EP82100978A 1981-02-11 1982-02-10 Surface d'ébullition de transfert de chaleur Withdrawn EP0057941A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US23351781A 1981-02-11 1981-02-11
US233517 1981-02-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0057941A2 true EP0057941A2 (fr) 1982-08-18
EP0057941A3 EP0057941A3 (fr) 1982-12-08

Family

ID=22877572

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82100978A Withdrawn EP0057941A3 (fr) 1981-02-11 1982-02-10 Surface d'ébullition de transfert de chaleur

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0057941A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS57139294A (fr)
AU (1) AU7914681A (fr)
CA (1) CA1155107A (fr)
IL (1) IL64578A0 (fr)
NO (1) NO820103L (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0161391A2 (fr) * 1984-05-11 1985-11-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Paroi de transfert de chaleur
EP0221623A2 (fr) * 1985-10-28 1987-05-13 Anthony Joseph Cesaroni Echangeur de chaleur
EP1318371A2 (fr) 2001-12-06 2003-06-11 SDK-Technik GmbH Surface d'échange de chaleur avec microstructures galvanisées avec des protubérances
WO2013039214A1 (fr) * 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Matériau de plaque brute destiné à une plaque d'échange de chaleur, et plaque d'échange de chaleur utilisant ce matériau

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1493922A (fr) * 1965-11-10 1967-09-01 Euratom Procédé et dispositif pour augmenter le flux thermique critique d'une paroi en contact avec un liquide en ébullition
US3602027A (en) * 1969-04-01 1971-08-31 Trane Co Simultaneous finning and reforming of tubular heat transfer surface
DE2043459A1 (en) * 1970-09-02 1972-03-09 Battelle Institut E V Heat transfer tube - for steam condensation
US3765192A (en) * 1972-08-17 1973-10-16 D Root Evaporator and/or condenser for refrigeration or heat pump systems
US3768290A (en) * 1971-06-18 1973-10-30 Uop Inc Method of modifying a finned tube for boiling enhancement
US3850227A (en) * 1971-04-23 1974-11-26 Olin Corp Process for improving heat transfer efficiency and improved heat transfer system
US3893322A (en) * 1974-08-21 1975-07-08 Universal Oil Prod Co Method for providing improved nucleate boiling surfaces
US4040479A (en) * 1975-09-03 1977-08-09 Uop Inc. Finned tubing having enhanced nucleate boiling surface
GB2013325A (en) * 1978-01-26 1979-08-08 Wieland Werke Ag Finned tube, and process and apparatus for making the tube

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1493922A (fr) * 1965-11-10 1967-09-01 Euratom Procédé et dispositif pour augmenter le flux thermique critique d'une paroi en contact avec un liquide en ébullition
US3602027A (en) * 1969-04-01 1971-08-31 Trane Co Simultaneous finning and reforming of tubular heat transfer surface
DE2043459A1 (en) * 1970-09-02 1972-03-09 Battelle Institut E V Heat transfer tube - for steam condensation
US3850227A (en) * 1971-04-23 1974-11-26 Olin Corp Process for improving heat transfer efficiency and improved heat transfer system
US3768290A (en) * 1971-06-18 1973-10-30 Uop Inc Method of modifying a finned tube for boiling enhancement
US3765192A (en) * 1972-08-17 1973-10-16 D Root Evaporator and/or condenser for refrigeration or heat pump systems
US3893322A (en) * 1974-08-21 1975-07-08 Universal Oil Prod Co Method for providing improved nucleate boiling surfaces
US4040479A (en) * 1975-09-03 1977-08-09 Uop Inc. Finned tubing having enhanced nucleate boiling surface
GB2013325A (en) * 1978-01-26 1979-08-08 Wieland Werke Ag Finned tube, and process and apparatus for making the tube

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0161391A2 (fr) * 1984-05-11 1985-11-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Paroi de transfert de chaleur
EP0161391A3 (en) * 1984-05-11 1986-10-22 Hitachi, Ltd. Heat transfer wall
EP0221623A2 (fr) * 1985-10-28 1987-05-13 Anthony Joseph Cesaroni Echangeur de chaleur
EP0221623A3 (fr) * 1985-10-28 1987-08-12 Anthony Joseph Cesaroni Echangeur de chaleur
EP1318371A2 (fr) 2001-12-06 2003-06-11 SDK-Technik GmbH Surface d'échange de chaleur avec microstructures galvanisées avec des protubérances
DE10159860A1 (de) * 2001-12-06 2003-07-24 Sdk Technik Gmbh Wärmeübertragungsfläche mit einer aufgalvanisierten Mikrostruktur von Vorsprüngen
DE10159860C2 (de) * 2001-12-06 2003-12-04 Sdk Technik Gmbh Wärmeübertragungsfläche mit einer aufgalvanisierten Mikrostruktur von Vorsprüngen
US6736204B2 (en) 2001-12-06 2004-05-18 Sdk-Technik Gmbh Heat transfer surface with a microstructure of projections galvanized onto it
WO2013039214A1 (fr) * 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Matériau de plaque brute destiné à une plaque d'échange de chaleur, et plaque d'échange de chaleur utilisant ce matériau

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0057941A3 (fr) 1982-12-08
IL64578A0 (en) 1982-03-31
NO820103L (no) 1982-08-12
AU7914681A (en) 1982-08-19
JPS57139294A (en) 1982-08-28
CA1155107A (fr) 1983-10-11

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