EP0057714A1 - Tie rod. - Google Patents

Tie rod.

Info

Publication number
EP0057714A1
EP0057714A1 EP81902292A EP81902292A EP0057714A1 EP 0057714 A1 EP0057714 A1 EP 0057714A1 EP 81902292 A EP81902292 A EP 81902292A EP 81902292 A EP81902292 A EP 81902292A EP 0057714 A1 EP0057714 A1 EP 0057714A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ground anchor
anchor according
sleeve
plate
support members
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81902292A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0057714B1 (en
Inventor
Klaus-Werner Dipl-Ing Schirm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SCHIRM KLAUS WERNER
Original Assignee
SCHIRM KLAUS WERNER
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SCHIRM KLAUS WERNER filed Critical SCHIRM KLAUS WERNER
Publication of EP0057714A1 publication Critical patent/EP0057714A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0057714B1 publication Critical patent/EP0057714B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
    • E02D5/801—Ground anchors driven by screwing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an earth anchor with screw-in plate with a tapered hollow anchor shaft at the foot end and a fastening device at the head end.
  • Ground anchors serve as a replacement for strip or dot foundations for storing e.g. loads or lightweight constructions on pallets.
  • Known ground anchors are predominantly designed for train anchoring. Pressure loads can not be taken up or only to a small extent.
  • the known ground anchors have the disadvantage that forces acting vertically to their longitudinal axis, e.g. Horizontal wind loads cannot be absorbed, as the ground anchors will then tilt around the screw-in plate in the ground. For this reason, it is necessary to additionally secure objects at risk of wind loads supported on ground anchors by inclined supports or the like. As a result, however, the assembly effort is increased considerably.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a ground anchor which can be installed in a conventional manner and is suitable for absorbing vertical and horizontal loads.
  • the object is achieved in that the supporting plate of the fastening device is designed to be displaceable coaxially to the anchor shaft, on which an expansion foot which is displaceable between the screw-in plate and a stop at the head end of the anchor shaft is mounted.
  • the ground anchor designed in this way is ideally suited for use in rolling soils such as fine gravel or sand.
  • FIG. 1a a ground anchor according to the invention in side view
  • Fig. 1b the ground anchor according to Fig. 1a in plan view
  • FIG. 1c the head end of the ground anchor according to Fig. 1a in an enlarged view in a
  • Fig. 2a further embodiments of the. Spreader foot to 4c for the ground anchor according to Fig. 1a in side views and top views
  • Fig. 5a the ground anchor according to Fig. 1a in side view to 5b th in different installation positions.
  • Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of a ground anchor according to the invention in a side view in partial section.
  • the ground anchor 1 shown in FIG. 1 a consists of an anchor shaft 2 with a beveled foot end 5. Above the foot end 5, a screw-shaped screw-in plate 3 is connected to the anchor shaft 2. At the head end 4 of the anchor shaft 2, a fastening device 6 is formed. Below the fastening device 6 there is a stop 29. Between the Ansc 29 and the screw-in plate 3 there is an expansion foot 15 which is displaceable on the anchor shaft 2 between the stop 29 and the screw-in plate 3.
  • the fastening device 6 consists of a support plate 7 which is displaceable coaxially to the central axis 14 of the armature shaft 2. The support plate 7 is fastened to the free end section 10 of the threaded bolt 9 (FIG. 1c).
  • Openings 11 are formed in the support plate 7. Screws 12 are inserted through these openings 11, by means of which a carrier 13 is fastened on the support plate 7. Instead of a carrier 13, a pallet or the like can also be fastened on the support plate 7 by means of the screws 12.
  • a special clamping piece can be used below the threaded sleeve 8 below the threaded sleeve 8 to counter the bolt 28.
  • This clamping piece can be designed, for example, as an elastic clamping ring which is fastened in the openings 27. If then the Bol zen 28 is passed through the clamping rings, these lie elastically on the bolt 28 and secure it against loss. It is also possible to use, for example, a safety chain instead of the clamping pieces, which is attached to the free end sections of the bolt 28.
  • the spreading foot 15 consists of a sleeve 16 which is displaceably mounted on the armature shaft 2 and on which shaft 2 support members 17a, 17b, 17c are arranged radially to the armature shaft (FIGS. 2b, 2c, 3b).
  • the number of support members 17a, 17b, 17c is not limited. It is advantageous to use at least three support members 17a, 17b, 17c which are offset from one another at the same angle (FIG. 4b). However, four or more support members 17a, 17b, 17c can also be attached to the sleeve 16 (FIG. 4a).
  • the support members 17a, 17b, 17c are designed so that they protrude beyond the screw-in plate 3 (Fig. 1a, 1b).
  • the support members 17a, 17b, 17c can preferably be made of
  • Plate segments 26a, 26b consist of a blank
  • the circular disc 20, which is cut out of the center of the blank 19, can be deformed as a screw-in plate 3.
  • 2b, 2c, 3b show possible designs of the spreading foot 15.
  • the cutting edges 24 of the plate segment 26a are connected to the sleeve 16, while the cutting edges 23 are part of the support surface 18a.
  • the one outer edge 25 of the plate segment 26a is in each case formed directly as a component of the supporting surface 18c, while the other outer edges 25 are arranged on the sleeve 16.
  • plate segments 26b are connected to the sleeve 16. These plate segments 26b are created by diagonal cuts in the blank 19.
  • the cut edges 24a of the plate segments 26b are connected to the sleeve 16, while the cut edges 23a are part of the support surface 18b.
  • the pressure plates 34 are preferably arranged at an angle to the support members 17a, 17b, 17c, in particular they can form a right angle to the support members 17a, 17b, 17c, as shown by broken lines in FIG. 4a.
  • the Z-shaped spreading foot 15 shown in FIG. 4c consists of two plate-shaped support members 17a, 17b, which are mutually in one Level are attached to the sleeve 16. Ah the free end portions of the support members 17a, 17b are arranged opposite to each other at right angles to these pressure plates 34.
  • FIGS. 5a to 5d The installation and function of the ground anchor 1 is illustrated with the aid of FIGS. 5a to 5d.
  • the support plate 7 is detached from the head end 4 of the ground anchor 1 and an expansion foot 15 is pushed onto the anchor shaft 2.
  • the thread debolzen 9 with the support plate 7 is screwed back into the threaded sleeve 8.
  • the anchor shaft 2 of the ground anchor 1 is placed on the ground of the intended assembly point, the head end 5 being slightly pressed manually into the ground 30.
  • the spreading foot 15, the support members 17b of which protrude beyond the screw-in plate 3, is also pressed onto the soil 30 (FIG. 5a).
  • the anchor shaft 2 is rotated by means of a wrench or the like attached to the threaded sleeve 8, sic pulling the anchor shaft 2 through the screw-in plate 3 into the earth (FIG. 5b).
  • the stop 29 rests on the sleeve 16 of the expansion foot 15 and the anchor shaft 2 is rotated further into the soil, the expansion foot 15 is also pulled into the soil 30 (FIG. 5c).
  • the spreading foot 15 is anchored sufficiently firmly in the ground 30, the screwing of the anchor shaft 2 into the ground 4 is ended (FIG. 5d).
  • an earth anchor 1a as shown in FIG. 6.
  • an external thread 32 is formed on the anchor shaft 2, on which the sleeve 16 of the expansion foot 15 is slidably mounted. Any of the spreading foot 15 embodiments described above can be used. Above the
  • Spreading foot 15 is a nut 31 which is screwed onto the external thread 32.
  • the nut 31 can be rotated independently of the actuation of the anchor shaft 2 on the head surface 33 of the sleeve 16.
  • the ground anchor 1a requires less effort when screwing into the ground 30, since only the anchor shaft 2 is screwed in and the expansion foot 15 is first pressed into the ground 30 by means of the nut 31.
  • the separate actuation of anchor shaft 2 and expansion foot 15 via the nut 31 also facilitates the alignment of the ground anchor 1a.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

Le tirant comporte un disque de vissage (3) et une tige d'ancrage creuse (2), taillee en pointe a une extremite (5) et presentant un dispositif de fixation (6) avec une plaque d'appui (7) a son extremite superieure (4). La plaque d'appui (7) est montee de maniere coulissante et coaxialement a la tige d'ancrage (2). Sur la tige d'ancrage (2) est monte un pied mobile (15), entre le disque de vissage (3) et une butee (29). Le pied (15) presente un manchon (16) deplacable sur la tige d'ancrage (2); sur ce manchon (16), des supports (17a, 17b, 17c) sont disposes radialement. Les surfaces d'appui (18a, 18b, 18c) des supports (17a, 17b, 17c) sont diriges en direction du disque de vissage (3) et depassent celui-ci radialement. Un filetage exterieur (32) est forme sur la tige d'ancrage (2); un ecrou (31) est dispose sur ce filetage. L'ecrou (31) peut etre immobilise sur la surface superieure (33) du manchon (16) du pied (15). Un manchon filete (8) est dispose a l'extremite superieure (4); dans ce manchon, est introduit un boulon filete (9). La plaque d'appui (7) est fixe a l'extremite libre (10) du boulon filete (9).The tie rod comprises a screw disc (3) and a hollow anchor rod (2), cut into a point at one end (5) and having a fixing device (6) with a support plate (7) at its upper end (4). The support plate (7) is mounted in a sliding manner and coaxially with the anchor rod (2). On the anchor rod (2) a movable foot (15) is mounted, between the screwing disc (3) and a stop (29). The foot (15) has a movable sleeve (16) on the anchor rod (2); on this sleeve (16), supports (17a, 17b, 17c) are arranged radially. The bearing surfaces (18a, 18b, 18c) of the supports (17a, 17b, 17c) are directed in the direction of the screwing disc (3) and extend beyond it radially. An external thread (32) is formed on the anchor rod (2); a nut (31) is placed on this thread. The nut (31) can be immobilized on the upper surface (33) of the sleeve (16) of the foot (15). A threaded sleeve (8) is provided at the upper end (4); a threaded bolt (9) is inserted into this sleeve. The support plate (7) is fixed to the free end (10) of the threaded bolt (9).

Description

Erdanker Ground anchor
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Erdanker mit Einschraubteller mit einem am Fußende zugespitzten und am Kopfende eine Befestigungseinrichtung aufweisenden hohlen Ankerschaft. Erdanker dienen als Ersatz für Streifen- oder Punktfun damente zur Lagerung von z.B. auf Paletten befindliche Lasten oder Leichtbauten. Bekannte Erdanker sind überwiegend für eine Zugverankerung ausgebildet. Drucklast können nicht bzw. nur in geringem Umfang aufgenommen werden. Ferner besteht bei den bekannten Erdankern der Nachteil, daß vertikal zu ihrer Längsachse angreifende Kräfte wie z.B. horizontal wirkende Windlasten nicht aufgenommen werden können, da dann die Erdanker um die Einschraubteller im Erdreich kippen. Aus diesem Grunde ist es erforderlich, auf Erdankern abgestützte windlast gefährdete Gegenstände zusätzlich durch Schrägstützen od. dgl. zu sichern. Hierdurch wird jedoch der Montage aufwand erheblich erhöht.The invention relates to an earth anchor with screw-in plate with a tapered hollow anchor shaft at the foot end and a fastening device at the head end. Ground anchors serve as a replacement for strip or dot foundations for storing e.g. loads or lightweight constructions on pallets. Known ground anchors are predominantly designed for train anchoring. Pressure loads can not be taken up or only to a small extent. Furthermore, the known ground anchors have the disadvantage that forces acting vertically to their longitudinal axis, e.g. Horizontal wind loads cannot be absorbed, as the ground anchors will then tilt around the screw-in plate in the ground. For this reason, it is necessary to additionally secure objects at risk of wind loads supported on ground anchors by inclined supports or the like. As a result, however, the assembly effort is increased considerably.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, einen in üblicher Weise einbaubaren Erdanker zu schaffen, der zur Aufnahme von vertikalen und horizontalen Lasten geeignet ist.The object of the invention is to provide a ground anchor which can be installed in a conventional manner and is suitable for absorbing vertical and horizontal loads.
Erfindungsgemäß erfolgt die Lösung der Aufgabe dadurch, daß die Tragplatte der Befestigungseinrichtung koaxial zum AnkerSchaft verschieblich ausgebildet ist, auf dem ein zwischen Einschraubteller und einem Anschlag am Kopfende des Ankerschaftes verschieblicher Spreizfuß gelagert ist. Der so ausgebildete Erdanker eignet sich vorzüglich zur Verwendung in rolligen Böden wie Feinkies oder Sand.According to the invention, the object is achieved in that the supporting plate of the fastening device is designed to be displaceable coaxially to the anchor shaft, on which an expansion foot which is displaceable between the screw-in plate and a stop at the head end of the anchor shaft is mounted. The ground anchor designed in this way is ideally suited for use in rolling soils such as fine gravel or sand.
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung werden in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben und im folgenden anhand der in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Erdanker näher erläutert. Es zeigt Fig. 1a einen erfindungsgemäßen Erdanker in der SeitenansichtFurther features of the invention are described in the subclaims and explained in more detail below with reference to the ground anchors shown in the drawings. It shows Fig. 1a a ground anchor according to the invention in side view
Fig. 1b den Erdanker nach Fig. 1a in der DraufsichtFig. 1b the ground anchor according to Fig. 1a in plan view
Fig. 1c das Kopfende des Erdankers nach Fig. 1a in einer vergrößerten Darstellung in einerFig. 1c, the head end of the ground anchor according to Fig. 1a in an enlarged view in a
Seitenansicht als EinzelheitSide view as a detail
Fig. 2a weitere Ausführungsformen des. Spreizfusses bis 4c für den Erdanker nach Fig. 1a in Seitenansich ten und DraufsichtenFig. 2a further embodiments of the. Spreader foot to 4c for the ground anchor according to Fig. 1a in side views and top views
Fig. 5a den Erdanker nach Fig. 1a in Seitenansich bis 5b ten in verschiedenen Einbaustellungen.Fig. 5a the ground anchor according to Fig. 1a in side view to 5b th in different installation positions.
Fig. 6 eine weitere Ausbildung eines erfindungsge mäßen Erdankers in einer Seitenansicht im teilweisen Schnitt.Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of a ground anchor according to the invention in a side view in partial section.
Der in Fig. 1a dargestellte Erdanker 1 besteht aus einem Ankerschaft 2 mit einem angeschrägten Fußende 5. Oberhalb des Fußendes 5 ist ein schraubenförmig ausgebildeter Einschraubteller 3 mit dem Ankerschaft 2 verbunden. An dem Kopfende 4 des Ankerschaftes 2 ist eine Befestigungsein richtung 6 ausgebildet. Unterhalb der Befestigungseinrichtung 6 befindet sich ein Anschlag 29. Zwischen dem Ansc 29 und dem Einschraubteller 3 befindet sich ein Spreizfuβ 15, der auf dem Ankerschaft 2 zwischen dem Anschlag 29 dem Einschraubteller 3 verschieblich ist. Die Befestigungseinrichtung 6 besteht aus einer Tragplatte 7, die koaxial zur Mittelachse 14 des Ankerschaftes 2 verschieblich is Hierzu ist an dem Kopfende 4 eine als Gewindemutter ausge bildete Gewindemuffe 8 angeordnet, in die ein Gewindebolzen 9 eingeschraubt ist. An dem freien Endabschnitt 10 des Gewindebolzens 9 ist die Tragplatte 7 befestigt (Fig. 1c). In der Tragplatte 7 sind Durchbrechungen 11 ausgebildet. Durch diese Durchbrechungen 11 sind Schrauben 12 gesteckt, mittels denen ein Träger 13 auf der Tragplatte 7 befestig wird. Statt eines Trägers 13 kann auch eine Palette od. dgl. auf der Tragplatte 7 mittels der Schrauben 12 befestigt werden.The ground anchor 1 shown in FIG. 1 a consists of an anchor shaft 2 with a beveled foot end 5. Above the foot end 5, a screw-shaped screw-in plate 3 is connected to the anchor shaft 2. At the head end 4 of the anchor shaft 2, a fastening device 6 is formed. Below the fastening device 6 there is a stop 29. Between the Ansc 29 and the screw-in plate 3 there is an expansion foot 15 which is displaceable on the anchor shaft 2 between the stop 29 and the screw-in plate 3. The fastening device 6 consists of a support plate 7 which is displaceable coaxially to the central axis 14 of the armature shaft 2. The support plate 7 is fastened to the free end section 10 of the threaded bolt 9 (FIG. 1c). Openings 11 are formed in the support plate 7. Screws 12 are inserted through these openings 11, by means of which a carrier 13 is fastened on the support plate 7. Instead of a carrier 13, a pallet or the like can also be fastened on the support plate 7 by means of the screws 12.
Unterhalb der Gewindemuffe 8 sind an dem Kopfende 4 des Ankerschaftes 2 einander gegenüberliegend zwei Durchbrech ungen 27 ausgebildet, durch, die ein Balzen 28 als Anschlag 29 gesteckt ist. Um den Bolzen 28 gegen. Verlieren zu sich ern, kann ein besonderes, nicht näher dargestelltes Klemm stück verwendet werden. Dieses Klemmstück kann beispielsweise als elastischer Klemmring ausgebildet sein, der in den Durchbrechungen 27 befestigt wird. Wenn dann der Bol zen 28 durch die Klemmringe geführt wird, liegen diese elastisch an dem Bolzen 28 an und sichern ihn gegen Verlieren. Es ist auch möglich, statt der Klemmstücke beispielsweise eine Sicherungskette zu verwenden, die an den freien Endabschnitten des Bolzens 28 befestigt wird.Below the threaded sleeve 8 two openings 27 are formed opposite each other at the head end 4 of the anchor shaft 2, through which a courtship 28 is inserted as a stop 29. To counter the bolt 28. Lose themselves, a special clamping piece, not shown, can be used. This clamping piece can be designed, for example, as an elastic clamping ring which is fastened in the openings 27. If then the Bol zen 28 is passed through the clamping rings, these lie elastically on the bolt 28 and secure it against loss. It is also possible to use, for example, a safety chain instead of the clamping pieces, which is attached to the free end sections of the bolt 28.
Der Spreizfuß 15 besteht aus einer auf dem Ankerschaft 2 verschieblich gelagerten Muffe 16, an der radial zum Anker schaft 2 Stützglieder 17a, 17b, 17c angeordnet sind (Fig. 2b, 2c, 3b). Die Anzahl der Stützglieder 17a, 17b, 17c ist nicht begrenzt. Vorteilhaft ist es, mindestens drei Stützglieder 17a, 17b, 17c zu verwenden, die im gleichen Winkel zueinander versetzt sind (Fig. 4b) . Es können aber auch vier oder mehr Stützglieder 17a, 17b, 17c an der Muffe 16 befestigt sein (Fig. 4a). Die Stützglieder 17a, 17b, 17c sind so ausgebildet, daß sie den Einschraubteller 3 überragen (Fig. 1a, 1b) .The spreading foot 15 consists of a sleeve 16 which is displaceably mounted on the armature shaft 2 and on which shaft 2 support members 17a, 17b, 17c are arranged radially to the armature shaft (FIGS. 2b, 2c, 3b). The number of support members 17a, 17b, 17c is not limited. It is advantageous to use at least three support members 17a, 17b, 17c which are offset from one another at the same angle (FIG. 4b). However, four or more support members 17a, 17b, 17c can also be attached to the sleeve 16 (FIG. 4a). The support members 17a, 17b, 17c are designed so that they protrude beyond the screw-in plate 3 (Fig. 1a, 1b).
Vorzugsweise können die Stützglieder 17a, 1 7b , 17c ausThe support members 17a, 17b, 17c can preferably be made of
Plattensegmenten 26a, 26b bestehen , die aus einem ZuschnitPlate segments 26a, 26b consist of a blank
19 aus Blech od . dgl . herausgetrennt sind . Wie in den Fig .19 of sheet metal or the like are separated out. As in the Fig.
2a , 3a dargestellt , sind die Stützglieder 1 7a , 1 7b , 1 7c Viertelstücke des Zuschnitts 19 aus Blech od. dgl. ausgebildet. Die mittig aus dem Zuschnitt 19 herausgetrennte kreisförmige Scheibe 20 kann als Einschraubteller 3 verformt werden. Hierzu ist es lediglich erforderlich, mittig in der Scheibe 20 eine dem Außendurchmesser des Ankerschaftes 2 entsprechende Durchbrechung 21 auszubilden sowie von der äußeren Kante der Scheibe 20 bis zur Durchbrechung 21 radial einen Trennschnitt 22 vorzusehen.2a, 3a shown, the support members 1 7a, 1 7b, 1 7c Quarter pieces of the blank 19 made of sheet metal or the like. The circular disc 20, which is cut out of the center of the blank 19, can be deformed as a screw-in plate 3. For this purpose, it is only necessary to form an opening 21 corresponding to the outer diameter of the armature shaft 2 in the center of the disk 20 and to provide a separating cut 22 radially from the outer edge of the disk 20 to the opening 21.
In den Fig. 2b, 2c, 3b sind mögliche Ausbildungen des Spreizfusses 15 dargestellt. Bei dem Spreizfuß 15 nach Fig. 2b sind die Schnittkanten 24 des Plattensegments 26a mit der Muffe 16 verbunden, während die Schnittkanten 23 Teil der Stützfläche 18a sind. Bei dem Spreizfuß 15 nach Fig. 2c ist jeweils die eine Außenkante 25 des Plattensegments 26a unmittelbar als Bestandteil der Stützfläche 18c ausgebildet, während die anderen Außenkanten 25 an der Muffe 16 angeordnet sind. Bei dem Spreizfuß 15 nach Fig. 3b sind Plattensegmente 26b mit der Muffe 16 verbunden. Diese Plattensegmente 26b sind durch Diagonalschnitte in dem Zuschnitt 19 entstanden. Die Schnittkanten 24a der Plattensegmente 26b sind mit der Muffe 16 verbunden, während die Schnittkanten 23a Bestandteil der Stützfläche 18b sind.2b, 2c, 3b show possible designs of the spreading foot 15. 2b, the cutting edges 24 of the plate segment 26a are connected to the sleeve 16, while the cutting edges 23 are part of the support surface 18a. In the spreading foot 15 according to FIG. 2c, the one outer edge 25 of the plate segment 26a is in each case formed directly as a component of the supporting surface 18c, while the other outer edges 25 are arranged on the sleeve 16. 3b, plate segments 26b are connected to the sleeve 16. These plate segments 26b are created by diagonal cuts in the blank 19. The cut edges 24a of the plate segments 26b are connected to the sleeve 16, while the cut edges 23a are part of the support surface 18b.
Es ist auch möglich, an den der Muffe 16 abgewandten Endabschnitte 17a, 17b, 17c Druckplatten 34 vorzusehen, die parallel zum Ankerschaft ausgerichtet sind (Fig. 4a) . Vorzugsweise werden die Druckplatten 34 winklig zu den Stützgliedern 17a, 17b, 17c angeordnet, insbesondere können sie zu den Stützgliedern 17a, 17b, 17c einen rechten Winkel bilden, wie in Fig. 4a durch Strichlinien dargestellt ist. Durch Verwendung von Druckplatten 34 ist es auch möglich, den Spreizfuß Z-förmig auszubilden. Der in Fig. 4c dargestellte Z-förmige Spreizfuß 15 besteht aus zwei platten- förmigen Stützgliedern 17a, 17b, die zueinander in einer Ebene an der Muffe 16 befestigt sind. Ah den freien Endabschnitten der Stützglieder 17a, 17b sind rechtwinklig zu diesen Druckplatten 34 zueinander entgegengesetzt angeordnet.It is also possible to provide on the end sections 17a, 17b, 17c facing away from the sleeve 16 pressure plates 34 which are aligned parallel to the anchor shaft (FIG. 4a). The pressure plates 34 are preferably arranged at an angle to the support members 17a, 17b, 17c, in particular they can form a right angle to the support members 17a, 17b, 17c, as shown by broken lines in FIG. 4a. By using pressure plates 34, it is also possible to design the spreading foot in a Z-shape. The Z-shaped spreading foot 15 shown in FIG. 4c consists of two plate-shaped support members 17a, 17b, which are mutually in one Level are attached to the sleeve 16. Ah the free end portions of the support members 17a, 17b are arranged opposite to each other at right angles to these pressure plates 34.
Der Einbau und die Funktion des Erdankers 1 wird anhand der Fig. 5a bis 5d verdeutlicht. Vor Einbringen des Erdankers 1 in das Erdreich 30 wird die Tragplatte 7 von dem Kopfende 4 des Erdankers 1 gelöst und ein Spreizfuß 15 auf den Ankerschaft 2 aufgeschoben. Danach wird der Gewin debolzen 9 mit der Tragplatte 7 wieder in die Gewindemuffe 8 eingeschraubt. Dann wird der Ankerschaft 2 des Erdankers 1 auf das Erdreich der vorgesehenen Montagestelle gestellt, wobei das Kopfende 5 leicht in das Erdreich 30 manuell eingedrückt wird. Dann wird der Spreizfuß 15, dessen Stützglieder 17b den Einschraubteller 3 überragen, ebenfalls auf das Erdreich 30 gepreßt (Fig. 5a) . Danach wird der Ankerschaft 2 mittels eines an der Gewindemuffe 8 angesetzten Schraubenschlüssels od. dgl. gedreht, wobei sic der Ankerschaft 2 durch den Einschraubteller 3 in das Erd reich hineinzieht (Fig. 5b). Wenn der Anschlag 29 auf der Muffe 16 des Spreizfusses 15 aufliegt und der Ankerschaft 2 weiter in das Erdreich hineingedreht wird, wird der Spreizfuß 15 ebenfalls in das Erdreich 30 hineingezogen (Fig. 5c) . Wenn der Spreizfuß 15 genügend fest in dem Erdreich 30 verankert ist, wird das Einschrauben des Ankerschaftes 2 in das Erdreich 4 beendet (Fig. 5d).The installation and function of the ground anchor 1 is illustrated with the aid of FIGS. 5a to 5d. Before the ground anchor 1 is introduced into the ground 30, the support plate 7 is detached from the head end 4 of the ground anchor 1 and an expansion foot 15 is pushed onto the anchor shaft 2. Then the thread debolzen 9 with the support plate 7 is screwed back into the threaded sleeve 8. Then the anchor shaft 2 of the ground anchor 1 is placed on the ground of the intended assembly point, the head end 5 being slightly pressed manually into the ground 30. Then the spreading foot 15, the support members 17b of which protrude beyond the screw-in plate 3, is also pressed onto the soil 30 (FIG. 5a). Then the anchor shaft 2 is rotated by means of a wrench or the like attached to the threaded sleeve 8, sic pulling the anchor shaft 2 through the screw-in plate 3 into the earth (FIG. 5b). When the stop 29 rests on the sleeve 16 of the expansion foot 15 and the anchor shaft 2 is rotated further into the soil, the expansion foot 15 is also pulled into the soil 30 (FIG. 5c). When the spreading foot 15 is anchored sufficiently firmly in the ground 30, the screwing of the anchor shaft 2 into the ground 4 is ended (FIG. 5d).
Sofern ein -wie beschrieben- in das Erdreich 30 eingebrachter Erdanker 1 mit horizontalen Kräften durch Windlasten u. dgl. beansprucht wird, wird ein Kippen um den Einschraubteller 3 dadurch verhindert, daß der gegen das Erdreich 30 verspannte Spreizfuß 15 sich mittels seiner Stützflächen 18b auf Erdreich abstützt. Der Erdanker ermöglicht somit sowohl die Aufnahme vertikaler wie auch horizontaler Lasten. Eine Ausrichtung des Höhenniveaus der Tragplatte 7 ist durch einfaches Verdrehen des Gewindebolzens 9 möglich. Hierdurch können unterschiedliche Einbautiefen verschiedener Erdanker 1 oder aber ein Geländegefälle ausgeglichen werden.If a - as described - ground anchor 1 introduced into the soil 30 with horizontal forces caused by wind loads and. The like. Tilting around the screw-in plate 3 is prevented by the spreading foot 15 braced against the ground 30 being supported on the ground by means of its supporting surfaces 18b. The ground anchor thus enables both vertical and horizontal loads to be absorbed. An alignment of the height level the support plate 7 is possible by simply turning the threaded bolt 9. As a result, different installation depths of different ground anchors 1 or a terrain gradient can be compensated for.
Es ist auch möglich, einen Erdanker 1a wie in Fig. 6 da gestellt, auszubilden. Bei diesem Erdanker 1a ist auf dem Ankerschaft 2 ein Außengewinde 32 ausgebildet, auf dem die Muffe 16 des Spreizfusses 15 verschieblich gelagert ist. Es kann jede., der oben beschriebenen Ausführungsformen eines Spreizfusses 15 verwendet werden. Oberhalb desIt is also possible to design an earth anchor 1a as shown in FIG. 6. In this ground anchor 1a, an external thread 32 is formed on the anchor shaft 2, on which the sleeve 16 of the expansion foot 15 is slidably mounted. Any of the spreading foot 15 embodiments described above can be used. Above the
Spreizfußes 15 befindet sich eine Mutter 31, die auf das Außengewinde 32 aufgeschraubt ist. Die Mutter 31 kann un abhängig von der Betätigung des Ankerschaftes 2 auf die Kopffläche 33 der Muffe 16 gedreht werden. Hierdurch erfordert der Erdanker 1a beim Eindrehen in das Erdreich 30 einen geringeren Kraftaufwand, da erst der Ankerschaft 2 eingedreht wird und darin erst der Spreizfuß 15 mittels der Mutter 31 in das Erdreich 30 gepreßt wird. Darüberhinaus erleichtert die voneinander getrennte Betätigung von Ankerschaft 2 und Spreizfuß 15 über die Mutter 31 auch das Ausrichten des Erdankers 1a. Spreading foot 15 is a nut 31 which is screwed onto the external thread 32. The nut 31 can be rotated independently of the actuation of the anchor shaft 2 on the head surface 33 of the sleeve 16. As a result, the ground anchor 1a requires less effort when screwing into the ground 30, since only the anchor shaft 2 is screwed in and the expansion foot 15 is first pressed into the ground 30 by means of the nut 31. In addition, the separate actuation of anchor shaft 2 and expansion foot 15 via the nut 31 also facilitates the alignment of the ground anchor 1a.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Erdanker mit Einschraubteller mit einem am Fußende zu gespitzten und am Kopfende eine Befestigungseinrich tung mit Tragplatte aufweisenden hohlen Ankerschaft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Tragplatte (7) koaxial zum Ankerschaft (2) verschieblich ausgebildet ist, auf dem ein zwischen Einschraubteller (3) und einem An schlag (29) am Kopfende (4) verschieblicher Spreizfuß (15) gelagert ist.1. ground anchor with screw-in plate with a to be pointed at the foot end and a fastening device with a support plate having a hollow anchor shaft, characterized in that the support plate (7) is designed to be displaceable coaxially to the anchor shaft (2), on which a screw-in plate (3) and an impact (29) at the head end (4) of a slidable spreading foot (15) is mounted.
2. Erdanker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an dem Kopfende (4) eine Gewindemuffe (8) angeordnet ist, in der ein Gewindebolzen (9) gelagert ist, an des sen freiem Endabschnitt (10) die Tragplatte (7) angeord net ist.2. Ground anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that at the head end (4) a threaded sleeve (8) is arranged, in which a threaded bolt (9) is mounted, on the sen free end portion (10) the support plate (7) angeord net is.
3. Erdanker nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der größte Außendurchmesser der Gewindemuffe (8) gleich groß oder kleiner als der Außendurchmesser des Ankerschaftes (2) ist.3. Ground anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that the largest outer diameter of the threaded sleeve (8) is the same size or smaller than the outer diameter of the anchor shaft (2).
4. Erdanker nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spreizfuß (15) eine auf dem Ankerschaft (2) ver schiebliche Muffe (16) aufweist, an der radial zum Ankerschaft (2) ausgerichtet Stützglieder (17a, 17b, 17c) angeordnet sind, deren Stützflächen (18a, 18b, 18c) dem Einschraubteller (3) zugewandt und diesen überragend ausgebildet sind.4. Ground anchor according to claim 3, characterized in that the expansion foot (15) on the anchor shaft (2) ver sliding sleeve (16) on the radially to the anchor shaft (2) aligned support members (17a, 17b, 17c) are arranged , whose support surfaces (18a, 18b, 18c) face the screw-in plate (3) and have an outstanding design.
5. Erdanker nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Muffe (16) mindestens drei Stützglieder (17a, 17b, 17c) befestigt sind.5. Ground anchor according to claim 4, characterized in that at least three support members (17a, 17b, 17c) are attached to the sleeve (16).
6. Erdanker nach Anspruch 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stützglieder (17a, 17b, 17c) als Platten- segmente (26a, 26b) ausgebildet sind, die aus einem6. Ground anchor according to claim 4 and 5, characterized in that the support members (17a, 17b, 17c) are designed as plate segments (26a, 26b) which consist of one
Zuschnitt (19) aus Blech od. dgl. herausgetrennt sind. Blank (19) from sheet metal or the like are separated.
7. Erdanker nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stützglieder /17a,. 17b, 17c) als Viertelstücke des Zuschnitts (19) aus Blech od. dgl. ausgebildet sind, aus dem sich eine zu einem Einschraubteller (3) verformbare kreisförmige Scheibe (20) herausgetrennt ist.7. ground anchor according to claim 6, characterized in that the support members / 17a ,. 17b, 17c) are formed as quarter pieces of the blank (19) from sheet metal or the like, from which a circular disk (20) which can be deformed to form a screw-in plate (3) is separated.
8. Erdanker nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Bereich des Kopfendes (4) in dem Ankerschaft (2) zwei deckungsgleich gegenüberlie.gende Durchbrechungen (27) ausgebildet sind, in denen ein8. ground anchor according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that in the region of the head end (4) in the anchor shaft (2) two congruent opposite openings (27) are formed, in which one
Bolzen. (28) als Anschlag für den Spreizfuß (15) lösbar gelagert ist.Bolt. (28) is detachably mounted as a stop for the spreading foot (15).
9. Erdanker nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bolzen (28) mittels eines Klemmstücks an dem An kerschaft (2) befestigt ist.9. ground anchor according to claim 8, characterized in that the bolt (28) is fastened by means of a clamping piece to the shaft (2).
10. Erdanker nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Klemmstück als in den Durchbrechungen (27) befestigter elastischer Klemmring ausgebildet ist. 10. Ground anchor according to claim 9, characterized in that the clamping piece is designed as an elastic clamping ring fastened in the openings (27).
11. Erdanker nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Muffe (16) aus zwei mittels eines Scharniers od. dgl. verbundenen Halbschalen besteht, die mittels eine Verriegelungsgliedes miteinander verschließbar sind.11. Ground anchor according to claim 4, characterized in that the sleeve (16) consists of two by means of a hinge or the like. Connected half-shells which can be closed by means of a locking member.
12. Erdanker nach Anspruch 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf dem Ankerschaft (2) ein Außengewinde (32) ausgebildet ist, auf dem eine Mutter (31) verschieblich gelagert und auf der Kopffläche (33) der Muffe (16) des Spreizfusses (15) zur Anlage bringbar ist.12. Ground anchor according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that on the anchor shaft (2) an external thread (32) is formed, on which a nut (31) is slidably mounted and on the head surface (33) of the sleeve (16) of the expansion foot (15) can be brought to the plant.
13. Erdanker nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Außendurchmesser der Gewindemuffe (8) gleich groß oder kleiner als der Kerndurchmesser des Außengewindes13. Ground anchor according to claim 12, characterized in that the outer diameter of the threaded sleeve (8) is the same size or smaller than the core diameter of the external thread
(32) ist. (32) is.
14. Erdanker nach Anspruch 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Außenmantel der Gewindemuffe (8) flächige Abschnitte zum Ansatz eines Werkzeugs aufweist.14. Ground anchor according to claim 1 to 13, characterized in that the outer jacket of the threaded sleeve (8) has flat sections for the attachment of a tool.
15. Erdanker nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daβ die Gewindemuffe (8) als Gewindemutter ausgebildet ist, die mit dem Ankerschaft (2) verbunden ist.15. Ground anchor according to claim 14, characterized in that the threaded sleeve (8) is designed as a threaded nut which is connected to the anchor shaft (2).
16. Erdanker nach Anspruch 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an den der Muffe (16) abgewandten Endabschnit ten der Stützglieder (17a, 17b, 17c) parallel zum An kerschaft (2) ausgerichtete Druckplatten (34) winklig zu den Stützgliedern (17a, 17b, 17c) ausgebildet sind.16. Anchor according to claim 1 to 14, characterized in that on the sleeve (16) facing end sections of the support members (17a, 17b, 17c) parallel to the shaft (2) aligned pressure plates (34) at an angle to the support members (17a , 17b, 17c) are formed.
17. Erdanker nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daβ die Druckplatten (34) rechtwinklig zu den Stützgliedern (17a, 17b, 17c) angeordnet sind.17. Ground anchor according to claim 16, characterized in that the pressure plates (34) are arranged at right angles to the support members (17a, 17b, 17c).
18. Erdanker nach Anspruch 16 und 17, dadurch gekennzeich net, daß an der Muffe (16) zwei zueinander um 180° ver setzt angeordnete plattenförmige Stützglieder (17a, 17b) ausgebildet sind, an deren freien Endabschnitten recht winklig zu den Stützgliedern (17a, 17b) einander entge gengesetzt Druckplatten (34) angeordnet sind. 18 ground anchor according to claim 16 and 17, characterized in that on the sleeve (16) two mutually by 180 ° arranged plate-shaped support members (17 a, 17 b) are formed, at their free end portions at right angles to the support members (17 a, 17b) oppositely opposed pressure plates (34) are arranged.
EP81902292A 1980-08-13 1981-08-13 Tie rod Expired EP0057714B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19803030634 DE3030634A1 (en) 1980-08-13 1980-08-13 ERDANKER
DE3030634 1980-08-13

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EP0057714A1 true EP0057714A1 (en) 1982-08-18
EP0057714B1 EP0057714B1 (en) 1985-05-15

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US (1) US4471588A (en)
EP (1) EP0057714B1 (en)
BE (1) BE889964A (en)
DE (1) DE3030634A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1982000672A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
BE889964A (en) 1981-12-01
US4471588A (en) 1984-09-18
DE3030634A1 (en) 1982-03-11
WO1982000672A1 (en) 1982-03-04
EP0057714B1 (en) 1985-05-15

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