EP0057304A1 - Système de visée et de conduite de tir - Google Patents

Système de visée et de conduite de tir Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0057304A1
EP0057304A1 EP81300469A EP81300469A EP0057304A1 EP 0057304 A1 EP0057304 A1 EP 0057304A1 EP 81300469 A EP81300469 A EP 81300469A EP 81300469 A EP81300469 A EP 81300469A EP 0057304 A1 EP0057304 A1 EP 0057304A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reticle
target
sight
aiming
laser ranging
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81300469A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Shlomo Barak
Raffi Yizhar
Jacob Beutler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EL-OP ELECTRO-OPTICS INDUSTRIES Ltd
Original Assignee
EL-OP ELECTRO-OPTICS INDUSTRIES Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EL-OP ELECTRO-OPTICS INDUSTRIES Ltd filed Critical EL-OP ELECTRO-OPTICS INDUSTRIES Ltd
Priority to EP81300469A priority Critical patent/EP0057304A1/fr
Publication of EP0057304A1 publication Critical patent/EP0057304A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/06—Aiming or laying means with rangefinder
    • F41G3/065—Structural association of sighting-devices with laser telemeters

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a gun sighting and fire control system incorporating laser ranging means.
  • the line of sight of an aiming telescope is first adjusted so as to coincide with a cannon bore center line for a predetermined range (for example, in the case of tank guns, about 1,000 meters).
  • a predetermined range for example, in the case of tank guns, about 1,000 meters.
  • External factors have to be taken into consideration, when aiming the cannon, so as to increase to a maximum the likelihood that the projectile will hit its target.
  • Such external factors include, for example, wind forces, movement of the target, etc.
  • intrinsic factors have to be accounted for such as for example the ballistic curve of the projectile and projectile speed, etc. In order to take these factors into account certain corrections have to be introduced in the form of angular deviations between the line of sight and the bore center line.
  • the bore center line in order to correct for the external factors referred to above the bore center line will have to be deflected horizontally whilst in order to correct for the intrinsic factors a vertical super-elevation of the bore center line is called for.
  • the conventional manner of effecting these corrections has-involved displacing an aiming reticle across the field of view, within the image plane of the aiming telescope, by the required amount and then moving the bore until the reticle is again centered on the target.
  • the sighting system is usually provided with two reticles within the telescope, one being a so-called “fixed” reticle being employed for laser ranging whilst the other, being an adjustable "moving" reticle is used for fire control.
  • the range In order to lay the gun with respect to the target the range must first of all be measured using the fixed reticle whereupon with the effecting of the various adjustments the moving reticle is centered on the target. The location of the moving reticle is determined on each occasion by the data fed into a computer associated with the gun or, alternatively, can be manually effected.
  • a gun sighting and fire control system having laser ranging means, an assembly of rotatable optical wedges located in the common axis of the system subsequent to a common objective thereof.
  • rotating optical wedges in general and their use for ranging in fire control systems in particular are well known and for a discussion thereof reference can be made to the publication "Design of Fire Control Optics" ORDM2-1 page 100 and following. At least a pair of such rotating optical wedges are employed in the present system. In this inventive system, however, the wedges are rotated after ranging responsive to the external and intrinsic factors. The rotation is effective in displacing the target image as viewed through the telescope eyepiece.
  • the image of the target is displaced by appropriate relative rotation of the wedges.
  • the rotation is effected either on the basis of the data fed into the computer or manually.
  • the gun is subsequently laid by centering the reticle vis-a-vis the displaced image.
  • the relative positions of the reticle in the field of view and of the laser aiming point are maintained throughout and if these points are made to coincide in the assembly plant this coincidence will be maintained at all deflections and elevations.
  • the laser beam is also optically on target.
  • the ranging laser beam is still in position to measure the range. Therefore, there is no longer any need for successive centering utilizing respectively the fixed and moving reticles and, in point of fact only a single reticle is employed constantly positioned at the center of the field of view.
  • the system in accordance with the present invention in addition to eliminating the necessity of realigning the laser beam with the target for subsequent ranging on the same target, is also particularly advantageous for use in overcoming the problems of providing coordinated or linked collimating reticles for use in a complete modern tank fire control system.
  • four aiming stations are involved, namely: (1) the daytime aiming sight for the gunner; (2) the night image intensified aiming sight for the gunner; (3) the daytime aiming sight for the tank commander; and (4) the night image intensified aiming sight for the tank commander.
  • only one reticle or less is required per station.
  • this problem is overcome not only by the reduction of the maximum number of aiming reticles required per station from two to one but also by the provision of means for projecting the aiming reticle into one or more additional sights from a single collimator and via said assembly of rotatable optical wedges.
  • the aiming reticle collimator is physically part of the main daytime gunner's aiming sight, optically part of the night image intensified.sight for the gunner and optically part of the commander's corresponding sights.
  • the only really high precision link required is between the mechanical emergency elevation tilting mechanism of the gunner's periscope head mirror and the commander's collimator reflection device. With this exception, the coincidence of the day and night sights both as far as deflection and as far as super-elevation are concerned are not reduced as a result of emergency manual operation.
  • the gun sighting and fire control system in accordance with the present invention comprises an optical assembly shown schematically at 1 and a triaxial arrangement comprising an emerging laser beam 2 emanating from a laser emitter 3, a returning laser beam 4 detected by a laser range detector 5 and the sighting beam 6 viewed by an operator 7.
  • the triaxial system combines these into a common optical axis 8 which passes through a common objective 9, an optical wedge assembly 10 and iminges on an object 11.
  • the provisions of the system with the optical wedges simplifies and increases the accuracy of the simultaneous adjustment and correction for all the constituent aiming stations of a fire control system, for example for a tank.
  • Fig. 2 of the drawings is a schematic representation of a gunner's aiming peritelescope having an elbow 21 constituting a daytime sight and an elbow 22 constituting an image intensified night sight.
  • a main head mirror 23 which can be rotated about a horizontal axis 24 is common to the day and night sights and is tiltable for elevation.
  • the daytime sight 21 comprises an eyepiece 25, a shutter 26, a reticle 27 indirectly illuminated via its edge by means of a light source 28, a penta roof prism 29 and an objective 30.
  • Located in the optical axis 31 of the daytime sight 21 is a pair of optical wedges 32 which are mutually rotatable about this optical axis in opposite senses.
  • a relay prism 33 and a shutter or filter member 34 are also located along this optical axis.
  • the laser transmitter and receiver are attached in a manner well known to those skilled in the art, so that the laser ranging beam (not shown) and laser light returning beams (not shown) are parallel with the axis 31 and pass through objective 30 and wedges 32 but the ranging beams do not pass through prism 33.
  • the laser beams thus are also effected by rotation of the wedges as indicated in Fig. 1:
  • the night sight 22 comprises an eyepiece 35, an image intensifier tube 36, a folding mirror 37 and an objective 38 located along the optical axis 39. Also located along the optical axis subsequent to the objective 38 is a reticle projection injection prism 40.
  • the prism 29 and the objective 30 form a collimator and light originating from the reticle 27 passes through the objective 30 and is collimated. After passing through the optical wedges 32 some of the light is deflected by the reticle projection relay prism 33 into the other reticle projection prism 40 and therefrom deflected into the night sight 22.
  • one of the deflecting prisms 33 or 40 must be a roof prism.
  • the shutter 26 is interposed between the eyepiece 25 and the reticle 27.
  • the further shutter 34 at the front end of the daylight sight 21 serves to obscure telltale illumination from the reticle that may otherwise be detected by hostile forces. This shutter 34 may momentarily be opened if required whilst both shutters can of course remain open during daytime.
  • the projection of the reticle from the day sight into the night sight is at exactly the same point on the viewed target in both sights. Therefore when the reticle is on target and when the wedges are rotated to take into account the extraneous and intrinsic factors involved in the laying of the gun the target image moves in the day sight 21 while the reticle moves in the night sight 22, but the relative positions df the target and the reticle remain the same.
  • a separate collimator 45 is provided comprising a housing 46 rigidly fixed to the daylight sight 21' and having a reticle 47 which is directly illuminated by a light source 48.
  • a collimating lens 49 Located subsequently to the reticle 47 of this collimator 45 is a collimating lens 49.
  • a pair of optical wedges 51 extends across the optical axes of the collimator 45 and the daylight' sight 21' whilst a reticle projection relay prism 52 is located along the optical axis of the collimator 45.
  • the collimated light emerging from the collimator 45 passes through the optical wedges 51 and from there into the night injection prism 52 and 40' into the night sight objective 38'. After passing through the night sight objective 38' and being deflected by the mirror 37' it forms an image of the reticle 47 on the front face of the image intensifier 36'.
  • the prism 52 is converted to a beam splitter (as shown by the dashed lines) then another portion of the collimated light originating from the collimator 45 is arranged to pass through an opening 53 in the upper mirror 23' and is deflected by a commander's reticle prism 54 into the commander's sight (not shown).
  • the prism 54 and sight are rotated 90° from the position shown).
  • the commander's projection mirror (not shown) can be linked mechanically and electrically with the elevation mechanism of the main head mirror 23'.
  • the reticle transfer scheme just described can be used as an optical relay from the day sight to the night sight alone or it may be extended to the commander's sight where it may be further split up into the day and night channels.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Telescopes (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
EP81300469A 1981-02-04 1981-02-04 Système de visée et de conduite de tir Withdrawn EP0057304A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP81300469A EP0057304A1 (fr) 1981-02-04 1981-02-04 Système de visée et de conduite de tir

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP81300469A EP0057304A1 (fr) 1981-02-04 1981-02-04 Système de visée et de conduite de tir

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0057304A1 true EP0057304A1 (fr) 1982-08-11

Family

ID=8188205

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81300469A Withdrawn EP0057304A1 (fr) 1981-02-04 1981-02-04 Système de visée et de conduite de tir

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0057304A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3329590A1 (de) * 1983-08-16 1985-03-07 Eltro GmbH, Gesellschaft für Strahlungstechnik, 6900 Heidelberg Verfahren und vorrichtung zur harmonisierung mehrerer optisch/optronischer achsen einer zieleinrichtung auf eine gemeinsame bezugsachse
GB2145242A (en) * 1983-08-17 1985-03-20 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Aiming or sighting apparatus with rotatable thermal imager
FR2581205A1 (fr) * 1985-04-24 1986-10-31 Eltro Gmbh Procede de mise en concordance des axes optoelectroniques d'un appareil a image thermique
GB2187353A (en) * 1986-01-03 1987-09-03 Hale Parker Ltd Rifle sight
GB2236867A (en) * 1989-06-16 1991-04-17 Ml Wallop Defence Systems Limi Photochromic filter in sighting telescope with laser
US5204489A (en) * 1989-12-20 1993-04-20 Giat Industries Modular and reconfigurable episcopic sight
WO1995030124A1 (fr) * 1994-04-29 1995-11-09 Cubic Defense Systems, Inc. Emetteur laser pour armes legeres

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3079833A (en) * 1958-10-13 1963-03-05 Malinowski Tadeusz Rangefinder and gunsight combination with coupled reticle adjusting means for ballistc curve changes
US3378687A (en) * 1963-06-25 1968-04-16 Trw Inc Scanning system which optically locks on object and mechanically scans surrounding field
US3464770A (en) * 1964-11-07 1969-09-02 Leitz Ernst Gmbh Combined sighting mechanism and laser range finder
FR2140699A5 (fr) * 1970-09-08 1973-01-19 France Etat
FR2212051A5 (fr) * 1972-11-30 1974-07-19 France Etat
FR2352271A1 (fr) * 1976-05-21 1977-12-16 Eltro Gmbh Procede et dispositif de reperage et de tir sur cible

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3079833A (en) * 1958-10-13 1963-03-05 Malinowski Tadeusz Rangefinder and gunsight combination with coupled reticle adjusting means for ballistc curve changes
US3378687A (en) * 1963-06-25 1968-04-16 Trw Inc Scanning system which optically locks on object and mechanically scans surrounding field
US3464770A (en) * 1964-11-07 1969-09-02 Leitz Ernst Gmbh Combined sighting mechanism and laser range finder
FR2140699A5 (fr) * 1970-09-08 1973-01-19 France Etat
GB1309230A (en) * 1970-09-08 1973-03-07 France Armed Forces Aiming devices
FR2212051A5 (fr) * 1972-11-30 1974-07-19 France Etat
FR2352271A1 (fr) * 1976-05-21 1977-12-16 Eltro Gmbh Procede et dispositif de reperage et de tir sur cible

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3329590A1 (de) * 1983-08-16 1985-03-07 Eltro GmbH, Gesellschaft für Strahlungstechnik, 6900 Heidelberg Verfahren und vorrichtung zur harmonisierung mehrerer optisch/optronischer achsen einer zieleinrichtung auf eine gemeinsame bezugsachse
GB2145242A (en) * 1983-08-17 1985-03-20 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Aiming or sighting apparatus with rotatable thermal imager
US4576432A (en) * 1983-08-17 1986-03-18 Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm Gesellschaft Mit Beschraenkter Haftung Aiming or sighting apparatus with synchronously rotating thermal imager and aiming head
FR2581205A1 (fr) * 1985-04-24 1986-10-31 Eltro Gmbh Procede de mise en concordance des axes optoelectroniques d'un appareil a image thermique
GB2187353A (en) * 1986-01-03 1987-09-03 Hale Parker Ltd Rifle sight
GB2236867A (en) * 1989-06-16 1991-04-17 Ml Wallop Defence Systems Limi Photochromic filter in sighting telescope with laser
US5204489A (en) * 1989-12-20 1993-04-20 Giat Industries Modular and reconfigurable episcopic sight
US5339720A (en) * 1989-12-20 1994-08-23 Giat Industries Modular and reconfigurable episcopic sight
WO1995030124A1 (fr) * 1994-04-29 1995-11-09 Cubic Defense Systems, Inc. Emetteur laser pour armes legeres
AU682110B2 (en) * 1994-04-29 1997-09-18 Cubic Defense Systems, Inc. Laser small arms transmitter
CN1071016C (zh) * 1994-04-29 2001-09-12 立体防御系统有限公司 激光轻武器发射机

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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Effective date: 19830722

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Inventor name: YIZHAR, RAFFI

Inventor name: BARAK, SHLOMO

Inventor name: BEUTLER, JACOB