EP0057030A1 - Railway track tamping machine - Google Patents

Railway track tamping machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0057030A1
EP0057030A1 EP82200040A EP82200040A EP0057030A1 EP 0057030 A1 EP0057030 A1 EP 0057030A1 EP 82200040 A EP82200040 A EP 82200040A EP 82200040 A EP82200040 A EP 82200040A EP 0057030 A1 EP0057030 A1 EP 0057030A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tamping
machine
aggregate
frame
machine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82200040A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0057030B1 (en
Inventor
Ivo Cicin-Sain
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Matisa Materiel Industriel SA
Original Assignee
Matisa Materiel Industriel SA
Canron Inc Sucursale Crissier
Canron Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Matisa Materiel Industriel SA, Canron Inc Sucursale Crissier, Canron Inc filed Critical Matisa Materiel Industriel SA
Priority to AT82200040T priority Critical patent/ATE12955T1/en
Publication of EP0057030A1 publication Critical patent/EP0057030A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0057030B1 publication Critical patent/EP0057030B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/12—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
    • E01B27/13—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E01B27/16—Sleeper-tamping machines

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a machine for tamping railway tracks, in particular a machine for tamping, leveling and erecting railway tracks, comprising at least one aggregate of tamping movable longitudinally relative to the chassis of the machine and at least one pair of picks. cooperating with each other and adjustable in height.
  • the tamping aggregate progressing step by step can move longitudinally on the frame of the machine in particular guides.
  • Such a provision is however linked to adjustment problems.
  • the tamping tools being then raised above the level of the tracks, the tamping aggregate is at the rear end of its path of movement on the chassis and must also be brought as quickly as possible at the anterior end of its path of travel, above the next cross member, then descended on this cross member; during the following tamping phase proper the tamping aggregate must be brought back with a speed corresponding to the speed of progression of the machine on the track. Controlling this movement and adjusting the tamping aggregate to the correct working position, however, presents difficulties in the case of an aggregate moving in a back and forth movement in guides.
  • the object of the invention is to simplify such machines, both with regard to the adjustment and control of the tamping aggregate and with regard to its construction.
  • the tamping machine is characterized in that the tamping aggregate is suspended pendularly about an axis transverse to the chassis of the machine, which comprises a device for pivoting the tamping aggregate around of its suspension axis.
  • the packing aggregate can thus move like a pendulum in a vertical plane and relative to the chassis of the machine.
  • This arrangement has several advantages.
  • the exact rapid adjustment of the packing aggregate relative to the chassis of the machine by tilting this aggregate around a fixed axis relative to the chassis is substantially simpler to carry out than a displacement in translation of this aggregate on guide rails.
  • the friction of rotation around an axis can be maintained a lot. lower than the friction of a rolling aggregate on guide rails.
  • the acceleration and braking forces are much lower than the forces required to move the whole aggregate in a linear back and forth movement.
  • the size of the tamping aggregate in the upper part of the machine is substantially smaller, since it is not necessary to provide space for the translational drive of this aggregate.
  • the tamping tools are mounted on a support.
  • support ' is vertically movable on a frame itself even mounted pendulumally on the chassis.
  • Two columns can advantageously be fixed to the frame for guiding the support during the vertical displacement of the latter, these columns being provided with guide rollers at their lower ends, which roll on the rails.
  • This ensures permanent guidance of the tamping aggregate, guidance which can be further facilitated by suspending its frame by means of a universal joint, which allows the latter to also move transversely relative to the machine, so that the frame with its packing aggregate can freely follow the movement of the guide rollers on the rails.
  • the control of the tilting of the frame with the tamping aggregate is advantageously carried out by means of a jack attached on the one hand to the chassis and on the other hand to one of the columns.
  • the device is advantageously automatically controlled, so that the uniform progression of the machine corresponding to the average working speed is controlled as a function of the minimum duration of a tamping cycle, or, which amounts to the same thing, as a function of the distance between two consecutive sleepers measured using a sleeper detector.
  • FIG. 1 represents a machine for stuffing, leveling and dressing the tracks moving with a uniform speed on the tracks in the direction of the arrow.
  • This machine comprises a chassis 2 provided with two sets of wheels 3 and 4 rolling on the tracks 5 and two command and control cabins 6 and 7 at the front and at the rear of the machine.
  • In the middle of the frame 2 are mounted known leveling and straightening devices constituted by roller clamps 8, by means of which the machine ensures the leveling of the tracks, that is to say the planes to the desired height and simultaneously laterally erects these tracks.
  • the roller clamps 8 are controlled automatically on the basis of measurements carried out by means of a reference system, respectively a measurement base, which is defined by reference points of the channel and delivers a reference quantity.
  • a reference point A on the not yet corrected part of the track and, in the case of a straight line as the basis of measurement, a reference point C in the corrected part of the way.
  • the reference points A and C are defined by means of measuring wheels 9 and 10 mounted on the chassis 2 of the machine and running on the rails 5.
  • Another measuring point in the corrected part of the track can be defined by means of a movable equipment attached behind the machine. Close to the workplace, a point of measurement B, by means of a measurement wheel 11, which defines the shape of the rail immediately behind the leveling and straightening tools. The measured quantities are compared with the target quantity to control the roller clamps 8.
  • the tamping aggregate 12 and its suspension are shown in more detail in FIG. 2.
  • This tamping aggregate 12 has, on each side of a track 5, a pair of tamping tools 14 adjustable one relative to the other and provided with picks 16 sinking into the ballast on each side of a cross member 15.
  • the tamping tools 14 of the two pairs are articulated to a common eccentric shaft 18 rotating in a support 17, the tamping tools 14 of each pair being constituted by two-arm levers which cross around the eccentric shaft 18.
  • the support 17 is suspended from a frame 20 on which it is vertically movable by means of a hydraulic cylinder 19, the frame 20, as well as the end upper of the hydraulic cylinder 19, being capable of tilting about the transverse axis 13 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the track, in the direction of the double arrow, in a vertical plane.
  • the frame 20 has a cross member 21 to which the hydraulic cylinder 19 is fixed, while the support 17 is fixed to the lower end of the piston rod 23 of the cylinder 19.
  • each column 24 and 25 oriented parallel to the piston rod 23 and which are fixed to the cross member 21 of the frame 20.
  • the lower ends of these columns are provided with guide rollers 26 and 27 rolling on the rail 5 and whose yokes can slide axially on the columns 24 and 25, during the tilting of the frame 20, by compressing springs.
  • the support 17 slides on the column 24 by means of a guide sleeve 28, while on the other side it has a guide profile 29 which can slide on a conjugate profile 30 of the column 25.
  • the upper ends opposite the picks 16, tamping tools 14 of each pair of tamping tools, are connected to the joints 31 with the lower ends of two double-acting hydraulic cylinders 32, the upper ends of which are articulated at the points of joints 33 within a range 37 of the support 17.
  • By actuating the hydraulic cylinder 32 it is possible to move apart or bring one closer to the other the tamping tools 14 in a pair.
  • the tools stuffing 14 are pivoted on eccentric surfaces, so that the rotation of the shaft 18 has the effect of driving the picks 16 in an oscillating movement.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 34 articulated on the one hand at a point 35 in the chassis 2 and on the other hand at a point 36 in the column 25 and whose piston rod, during its extension, causes the rocking assembly to tilt with the packing aggregate 12 around the axis 13, in the position shown, partially, in phantom in Figure 2, the guide rollers 26 and 27 rolling on the rail 5 during this tilting.
  • the tamping aggregate 12 with its tamping tools 14 is raised above the level of the rails 5 by means of the jack 19.
  • the transverse axis 13 is not mounted directly on the chassis but on a shaft 40 mounted longitudinally on the machine between two bearings 41. In this way the frame 20 with the tamping aggregate 12 can oscillate in a plane transverse to the track and freely follow the movement of the guide rollers 26 and 27 on the rails, and thus center and adjust itself laterally.
  • the transverse shaft 13 could in principle also be fixed directly to the chassis 2.
  • the control and adjustment system installed for this purpose on the machine 1 essentially comprises, according to FIG. 3, a sleeper detector 50 constituted for example by an electromagnetic proximity detector reacting to the metal fixing of the rail, a device for measurement of the speed and of the distance traveled 51 constituted by a pulse counter which measures the pulses generated by a pulse generator 52 mounted on a wheel axle, respectively the frequency of these pulses, an electronic memory 53, a comparison 54, an adjustment device 55 and an adjustment member 56, for example hydraulic, by means of which the speed of advance v of the machine is adjusted.
  • the measurement members 50 and 51 deliver measurement values of the distance between two consecutive sleepers, these values being temporarily stored in memory 53.
  • the reference magnitude is deduced at all times from the speed of progression for which the time interval during which the machine moves the distance of two sleepers, corresponds to the duration of a tamping cycle.
  • Temporary storage of the quantity measured in memory 53 is necessary, because the sleeper detector 50 is placed in front of the jamming aggregate 12, the control signal, calculated on the basis of the measurement, not having to be applied to the tamping aggregate 12 only when the tamping tools have reached the place where the measurement was made, that is to say the crosspiece 15 to be tamped.
  • the setpoint quantity and the measured quantity of the speed of advance of the machine are compared in the comparator 54 and the difference delivered by this comparator controls the adjustment member 56 through the adjustment device 55, and thereby the machine feed speed.
  • the memory 53 also receives, at each end of a tamping cycle, a signal generated by a detector 57 signaling the end of the cycle.
  • a cycle is defined for example by the space of time between two consecutive elevations of the packing aggregate 12, that is to say between the instant at which the aggregate 12 reaches its elevated position shown in dotted lines in the figure. 3 and the instant at which the tamping aggregate, after having finished tamping a cross member 15, again reaches its upper position.
  • the detector 57 reacts each time the tamping aggregate 12 reaches its highest position.
  • the memory 53 on the basis of the measures described above, delivers on its output 58 an initialization signal, each time that the stuffing aggregate 12 has to start a new stuffing cycle, and that the detector 57 has announced the end of previous jam cycle. Simultaneously, the value stored in memory 53 is erased.
  • FIG. 3 there is another sleeper detector 59 shown. very schematically in FIG. 3, operating as a position detector and installed in such a way that it can control immediately, before the start of a tamping cycle, respectively the lowering of the tamping aggregate 12, if the cross member 15 to be stuffed occupies the correct, expected position, relative to the packing aggregate 12, so that when the aggregate is lowered, the tamping tools penetrate with certainty into the ballast on each side of this sleeper.
  • the sleeper detector 59 arranged in the anterior zone of the packing aggregate 12 or immediately in front of the machine on the the start of a new tamping cycle is delayed or, if this cycle has already started, interrupted before the descent of the tamping unit.
  • the installation can for example be arranged in such a way that the output signal from the sleeper detector 59 and the initialization signal on line 58 are applied to the inputs of an AND gate, so that a signal does not appears on line 61, for the triggering of the next tamping cycle, only if the two signals are present simultaneously on the inputs of door 60.
  • a tamping cycle can naturally also start with the lowering of the tamping aggregate already tilted forward; in this case, the end of cycle signal is generated by a detector reacting when the tamping aggregate takes its tilted forward position, and the sleeper detector functioning as a position detector is located in the area where the lowering of the packing aggregate, such so that the presence of the crosspiece to be stuffed is announced, with a view to triggering the new tamping cycle, when this crosspiece is under the tamping tools.
  • the speed of advance of the machine is adapted at all times to the distance between two consecutive sleepers, this distance can vary without further. If it becomes smaller, respectively greater, the speed of advance v decreases, respectively increases.
  • a tamping cycle comprises the following phases, as indicated in FIG. 4: on the appearance of the trigger signal on the output line 61, the control cylinder 34 (FIG. 2) is actuated and the frame 20, with the tamping aggregate 12 is rapidly tilted during the interval b (FIG. 4) in its advanced position, in which it is at least approximately above the next cross member 15 to be tamped with.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 19 lowers the packing aggregate 12 during the time interval c, the picks 16 then entering the ballast on each side of the cross member concerned.
  • the picks 16 are brought closer to each other by means of the hydraulic cylinder 32 and simultaneously the tamping aggregate 12, with its frame 20, returns by rocking back, relatively to chassis 2 at a speed dependent on the speed of advance of the machine 1.
  • This tilting backwards does not need to be controlled, but it suffices to remove the pressure in the control cylinder, so that that it can freely follow the forced movement of the frame 20.
  • this actual tamping phase represented by the time interval d in FIG. 4, for example 1.8 seconds, the picks 16 remain in the ballast, while the machine 1 advances at a uniform speed .
  • the picks 16 are again moved aside and the tamping aggregate 12 is again raised by means of the hydraulic cylinder 19 during the time interval e (FIG. 4), on whereby the new jam cycle is started.
  • the dead time is reduced to very little.
  • the tilting of the tamping aggregate 12 around a fixed cardanic suspension with a practically fixed transverse axis 13 is easier to control and with less important means than a displacement in translation of the tamping aggregate on rails guide. Since, due to the tilting, practically only the lower picks 16 of the tamping aggregate 12 have to make a complete displacement relative to the chassis 2, displacement corresponding to the distance between two consecutive sleepers, the forces necessary to accelerate the stuffing aggregate are less than the forces required to accelerate the entire device in translation relative to the chassis 2, because the corresponding moment of inertia of the assembly is smaller, not to mention that the rolling friction forces on guide rails are removed.
  • the control of the machine during a tamping cycle can be carried out in another way than that described above.
  • the phases of movement of the tamping aggregate can be controlled as a function of a predetermined average working speed of the machine 1. It is naturally in principle possible to control all or part of the movement phases described by hand, by an operator placed in a cabin located on the machine 1 and allowing observation of the packing aggregate.
  • the tamping aggregate 12 ′ comprises two pairs of tamping tools 14a and 14b mounted one behind the other on a common support 17 ′, these two tamping tools being produced identically, 'as described in relation to Figure 2.
  • the two eccentric shafts 18a and 18b are driven by a common motor 44 by means of a belt 43.
  • the support 17' is again suspended pendulumally in a vertical longitudinal plane of the machine, as indicated by the arrows in an arc, by means of two hydraulic cylinders 19a and 19b, the lower ends of which are attached at two articulation points 42a and 42b to the support 17 'and whose the upper ends are articulated respectively to two transverse axes 13a and 13b on the chassis 2.
  • the parallelogram-shaped structure constituted by the support 17 ', the two hydraulic cylinders 19a and 19b and the part of the chassis 2 at which they are attached ensures a horizontal holding, parallel to the track, of the support 17 ', so that the two pairs of tamping tools 14a and 14b are always at the same height.
  • FIG. 6 A variant of this embodiment is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 6.
  • two pairs of tamping tools 14a and 14b are provided, each mounted on their own support 17a and 17b at the ends 47a and 47b of a rocker 45 whose midpoint is attached to the end of the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder 19 'provided for lifting the rocker 45 and whose upper end is suspended pendulumly to the transverse axis 13 on the chassis.
  • a parallelogram articulation constituted on the one hand by the jack 19 and the rocker 45 and on the other hand by two arms 48 and 49 articulated together, shown in dotted lines.
  • the invention is not limited to the examples of execution described, numerous variants being possible, both with regard to the execution of the tamping aggregate, its oscillating suspension and the control of the tamping cycles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Carriers, Traveling Bodies, And Overhead Traveling Cranes (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

A track tamping machine particularly a track tamping, levelling and lining machine is equipped with at least one tamping unit including a carrier which carries tamping tools. The tamping unit is vertically movable on a sub-frame by means of a hydraulic cylinder and is fastened thereto. The sub-frame itself is suspended from the chassis of the tamping machine pivotably like a pendulum. The sub-frame has two guide columns guiding the tool carrier through its vertical motion and, at its lower end guide rollers which revolve on the rail for the purpose of centering the tamping unit. A control cylinder is activated for the purpose of swinging the tamping unit in such a way that while the machine is uniformly moving forward at constant speed, the tamping tools can perform their tamping function at subsequent ties.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet une machine à bourrer les voies ferrées, en particulier une machine à bourrer, niveler et dresser les voies ferrées, comprenant au moins un agrégat de bourrage mobile longitudinalement relativement au châssis de la machine et au moins une paire de pioches coopérant l'une avec l'autre et réglables en hauteur.The subject of the present invention is a machine for tamping railway tracks, in particular a machine for tamping, leveling and erecting railway tracks, comprising at least one aggregate of tamping movable longitudinally relative to the chassis of the machine and at least one pair of picks. cooperating with each other and adjustable in height.

On connaît de telles machines progressant à une vitesse uniforme et sur lesquelles est monté un agrégat de bourrage travaillant de façon intermittente et déplaçable longitudinalement sur la machine afin de bourrer successivement les traverses de la voie (demande de brevet DE 1 067 837). Comparativement aux machines à bourrer conventionnelles qui progressent pas à pas sur la voie, de traverse en traverse, et doivent par conséquent être constamment et brusquement accélérées et freinées, les machines dont le châssis progresse de manière uniforme et sur lesquelles l'agrégat de bourrage est déplacé périodiquement et pas à pas selon un mouvement de va et vient, ont pour avantage que les masses à accélérer et à freiner à chaque cycle de bourrage sont plus petites et que par conséquent les énergies et forces nécessaires sont réduites. Dans les machines à bourrer mentionnées plus haut, l'agrégat de bourrage progressant pas à pas peut se déplacer longitudinalement sur le châssis de la machine dans des guidages particuliers. Une telle disposition est toutefois liée à des problèmes d'ajustement. Après avoir terminé le bourrage d'une traverse, les outils de bourrage étant alors levés au-dessus du niveau des voies, l'agrégat de bourrage se trouve à l'extrémité postérieure de son chemin de déplacement sur le châssis et doit être amené aussi rapidement que possible à l'extrémité antérieure de son chemin de déplacement, au-dessus de la traverse suivante, puis descendu sur cette traverse ; durant la phase suivante de bourrage proprement dite l'agrégat de bourrage doit être ramené en arrière avec une vitesse correspondant à la vitesse de progression de la machine sur la voie. La commande de ce mouvement et l'ajustement de l'agrégat de bourrage dans la position correcte de travail présentent toutefois des difficultés dans le cas d'un agrégat se déplaçant selon un mouvement de va et vient dans des guidages.There are known such machines progressing at a uniform speed and on which is mounted a tamping aggregate working intermittently and movable longitudinally on the machine in order to successively stuff the sleepers of the track (patent application DE 1 067 837). Compared to conventional tamping machines which progress step by step on the track, from transverse to transverse, and must therefore be constantly and suddenly accelerated and braked, machines whose chassis progresses uniformly and on which the tamping aggregate is moved periodically and step by step in a back and forth movement, have the advantage that the masses to be accelerated and braked at each tamping cycle are smaller and that consequently the energies and forces required are reduced. In the tamping machines mentioned above, the tamping aggregate progressing step by step can move longitudinally on the frame of the machine in particular guides. Such a provision is however linked to adjustment problems. After completing the tamping of a cross member, the tamping tools being then raised above the level of the tracks, the tamping aggregate is at the rear end of its path of movement on the chassis and must also be brought as quickly as possible at the anterior end of its path of travel, above the next cross member, then descended on this cross member; during the following tamping phase proper the tamping aggregate must be brought back with a speed corresponding to the speed of progression of the machine on the track. Controlling this movement and adjusting the tamping aggregate to the correct working position, however, presents difficulties in the case of an aggregate moving in a back and forth movement in guides.

Les mêmes inconvénients se retrouvent dans une autre machine connue pour le bourrage, le nivellement et le dressage des voies (brevet AT 350 612), qui comprend un cadre principal et des cadres auxiliaires mobiles relativement au cadre principal au moyen d'un dispositif d'accouplement avec entraînement longitudinal, de telle sorte qu'une partie de la machine peut être déplacée à une vitesse uniforme, tandis qu'une autre partie de la machine peut être déplacée pas à pas sur la voie.The same drawbacks are found in another machine known for tamping, leveling and straightening the tracks (patent AT 350 612), which comprises a main frame and auxiliary frames movable relative to the main frame by means of a device for coupling with longitudinal drive, so that part of the machine can be moved at a uniform speed, while another part of the machine can be moved step by step on the track.

L'invention a pour but de simplifier de telles machines, tant en ce qui concerne l'ajustement et la commande de l'agrégat de bourrage qu'en ce qui concerne sa construction.The object of the invention is to simplify such machines, both with regard to the adjustment and control of the tamping aggregate and with regard to its construction.

A cet effet la machine à bourrer selon l'invention est caractérisée par le fait que l'agrégat de bourrage est suspendu pendulairement autour d'un axe transversal au châssis de la machine, laquelle comprend un dispositif pour faire pivoter l'agrégat de bourrage autour de son axe de suspension.To this end, the tamping machine according to the invention is characterized in that the tamping aggregate is suspended pendularly about an axis transverse to the chassis of the machine, which comprises a device for pivoting the tamping aggregate around of its suspension axis.

L'agrégat de bourrage peut ainsi se déplacer à la manière d'un pendule dans un plan vertical et relativement au châssis de la machine. Cet arrangement présente plusieurs avantages. En particulier, l'ajustement rapide exact de l'agrégat de bourrage relativement au châssis de la machine par basculement de cet agrégat autour d'un axe fixe relativement au châssis est sensiblement plus simple à réaliser qu'un déplacement en translation de cet agrégat sur des rails de guidage. D'autre part, le frottement de la rotation autour d'un axe peut être maintenu beaucoup. plus faible que le frottement d'un agrégat roulant sur des rails de guidage. Comme en outre seules les pioches des agrégats de bourrage doivent se déplacer de la distance séparant deux traverses consécutives et que les masses principales de l'agrégat de bourrage doivent se déplacer d'autant moins qu'elles sont proches de l'axe d'oscillation, les forces d'accélération et de freinage sont bien inférieures aux forces exigées pour déplacer l'ensemble de l'agrégat selon un mouvement linéraire de va-et-vient. Enfin, l'encombrement de l'agrégat de bourrage dans la partie supérieure de la machine est sensiblement inférieur, puisqu'il n'est pas nécessaire de prévoir de la place pour l'entraînement en translation de cet agrégat.The packing aggregate can thus move like a pendulum in a vertical plane and relative to the chassis of the machine. This arrangement has several advantages. In particular, the exact rapid adjustment of the packing aggregate relative to the chassis of the machine by tilting this aggregate around a fixed axis relative to the chassis is substantially simpler to carry out than a displacement in translation of this aggregate on guide rails. On the other hand, the friction of rotation around an axis can be maintained a lot. lower than the friction of a rolling aggregate on guide rails. Since, in addition, only the drawers of the tamping aggregates must move the distance separating two consecutive sleepers, and since the main masses of the tamping aggregate must move the less they are close to the axis of oscillation , the acceleration and braking forces are much lower than the forces required to move the whole aggregate in a linear back and forth movement. Finally, the size of the tamping aggregate in the upper part of the machine is substantially smaller, since it is not necessary to provide space for the translational drive of this aggregate.

Selon une forme d'exécution préférée de l'invention, les outils de bourrage sont montés sur un support et ce . support 'est déplaçable verticalement sur un bâti lui-même monté pendulairement sur le châssis. Deux colonnes peuvent être avantageusement fixées au bâti pour le guidage du support lors du déplacement vertical de celui-ci, ces colonnes étant pourvues de galets de guidage à leurs extrémités inférieures, qui roulent sur les rails. On assure de cette manière un guidage permanent de l'agrégat de bourrage, guidage qui peut être encore facilité en suspendant son bâti au moyen d'une liaison à cardan, ce qui permet à celui-ci de se déplacer également transversalement par rapport à la machine, de telle sorte que le bâti avec son agrégat de bourrage peut suivre librement le mouvement des galets de guidage sur les rails. La commande du basculement du bâti avec l'agrégat de bourrage est avantageusement réalisée au moyen d'un vérin attaché d'une part au châssis et d'autre part à l'une des colonnes.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tamping tools are mounted on a support. support 'is vertically movable on a frame itself even mounted pendulumally on the chassis. Two columns can advantageously be fixed to the frame for guiding the support during the vertical displacement of the latter, these columns being provided with guide rollers at their lower ends, which roll on the rails. This ensures permanent guidance of the tamping aggregate, guidance which can be further facilitated by suspending its frame by means of a universal joint, which allows the latter to also move transversely relative to the machine, so that the frame with its packing aggregate can freely follow the movement of the guide rollers on the rails. The control of the tilting of the frame with the tamping aggregate is advantageously carried out by means of a jack attached on the one hand to the chassis and on the other hand to one of the columns.

Le dispositif est avantageusement commandé automatiquement, de telle manière que la progression uniforme de la machine correspondant à la vitesse moyenne de travail est commandée en fonction de la durée minimale d'un cycle de bourrage, ou, ce qui revient au même, en fonction de la distance entre deux traverses consécutives mesurée au moyen d'un détecteur de traverses.The device is advantageously automatically controlled, so that the uniform progression of the machine corresponding to the average working speed is controlled as a function of the minimum duration of a tamping cycle, or, which amounts to the same thing, as a function of the distance between two consecutive sleepers measured using a sleeper detector.

Le dessin annexé représente, à titre d'exemple, des formes d'exécution de l'invention.

  • La figure 1 est une vue schématique, de côté, d'une machine à bourrer, niveler et dresser les voies selon l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue de détail de l'agrégat de bourrage et de sa suspension au châssis de la machine.
  • La figure 3 est un schéma bloc du système de commande de l'agrégat de bourrage et de la vitesse de progression de la machine.
  • La figure 4 montre sous forme de diagramme, la relation entre les mouvements verticaux H de l'agrégat de bourrage et le temps t.
  • La figure 5 représente une deuxième forme d'exécution, avec un double agrégat de bourrage.
  • La figure 6 représente schématiquement une troisième forme d'exécution à double agrégat de bourrage.
The accompanying drawing shows, by way of example, embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a tamping, leveling and straightening machine according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a detail view of the tamping aggregate and its suspension from the machine frame.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the system for controlling the tamping aggregate and the speed of advance of the machine.
  • Figure 4 shows in diagram form, the relationship between the vertical movements H of the packing aggregate and time t.
  • FIG. 5 represents a second embodiment, with a double packing aggregate.
  • FIG. 6 schematically represents a third embodiment with a double packing aggregate.

La figure 1 représente une machine à bourrer, niveler et dresser les voies se déplaçant avec une vitesse uniforme sur les voies dans le sens de la flèche. Cette machine comprend un châssis 2 muni de deux trains de roues 3 et 4 roulant sur les voies 5 et deux cabines de commande et de contrôle 6 et 7 à l'avant et à l'arrière de la machine. Dans le milieu du châssis 2 sont montés des dispositifs connus de nivellement et de dressage constitués par des pinces à galets 8, au moyen desquels la machine assure le nivellement des voies, c'est-à-dire les rabote à la hauteur désirée et simultanément dresse latéralement ces voies.FIG. 1 represents a machine for stuffing, leveling and dressing the tracks moving with a uniform speed on the tracks in the direction of the arrow. This machine comprises a chassis 2 provided with two sets of wheels 3 and 4 rolling on the tracks 5 and two command and control cabins 6 and 7 at the front and at the rear of the machine. In the middle of the frame 2 are mounted known leveling and straightening devices constituted by roller clamps 8, by means of which the machine ensures the leveling of the tracks, that is to say the planes to the desired height and simultaneously laterally erects these tracks.

La commande des pinces à galets 8 s'effectue automatiquement sur la base de mesures exécutées au moyen d'un système de référence, respectivement une base de mesure, laquelle est définie par des points de référence de la voie et délivre une grandeur de consigne. A cet effet, on a besoin d'un point de référence A sur la partie non encore corrigée de la voie et, dans le cas d'une ligne droite comme base de mesure, d'un point de référence C dans la partie corrigée de la voie. Dans le cas d'un arc de cercle comme base de mesure d'une courbe, il est nécessaire d'avoir un second point de référence dans la partie corrigée de la voie. Les points dé référence A et C sont définis au moyen de roues de mesure 9 et 10 montées sur le châssis 2 de la machine et roulant sur les rails 5. Un autre point de mesure dans la partie corrigée de la voie peut être défini au moyen d'un équipage mobile attaché derrière la machine..A proximité de l'endroit de travail on définit également un point de mesure B, au moyen d'une roue de mesure 11, qui définit la forme du rail immédiatement derrière les outils de nivellement et de dressage. Les grandeurs mesurées sont comparées à la grandeur de consigne pour commander les pinces à galets 8.The roller clamps 8 are controlled automatically on the basis of measurements carried out by means of a reference system, respectively a measurement base, which is defined by reference points of the channel and delivers a reference quantity. For this purpose, we need a reference point A on the not yet corrected part of the track and, in the case of a straight line as the basis of measurement, a reference point C in the corrected part of the way. In the case of a circular arc as the basis for measuring a curve, it is necessary to have a second reference point in the corrected part of the track. The reference points A and C are defined by means of measuring wheels 9 and 10 mounted on the chassis 2 of the machine and running on the rails 5. Another measuring point in the corrected part of the track can be defined by means of a movable equipment attached behind the machine. Close to the workplace, a point of measurement B, by means of a measurement wheel 11, which defines the shape of the rail immediately behind the leveling and straightening tools. The measured quantities are compared with the target quantity to control the roller clamps 8.

Derrière les pinces à galets 8, est monté, sur la machine 1, un agrégat de bourrage 12 suspendu pendulairement sur un axe 13 fixé transversalement au châssis 2. Cet agrégat est commandé de telle sorte qu'il bourre successivement, en avançant pas à pas, les traverses 15 au moyen de ses outils de bourrage 14, pendant que la machine 1 progresse uniformément à une vitesse moyenne constante et que les pinces à galets 8 assurent le nivellement et le dressage de la voie. Ainsi, pendant l'avance de la machine, l'agrégat de bourrage 12 est animé d'un mouvement pendulaire. Comme les rails 5 sont pincés en permanence par les pinces à galets 8, un déplacement par retour élastique des voies, tel qu'il se produit dans les machines à travail intermittent des pinces à galets, est ainsi avantageusement empêché.Behind the roller clamps 8, is mounted, on the machine 1, a packing aggregate 12 suspended pendulumly on an axis 13 fixed transversely to the frame 2. This aggregate is controlled so that it stuffs successively, advancing step by step , the sleepers 15 by means of its tamping tools 14, while the machine 1 progresses uniformly at a constant average speed and the roller clamps 8 ensure the leveling and straightening of the track. Thus, during the advance of the machine, the tamping aggregate 12 is driven by a pendulum movement. As the rails 5 are permanently pinched by the roller grippers 8, displacement by elastic return of the tracks, as occurs in the intermittent machines of the roller grippers, is thus advantageously prevented.

L'agrégat de bourrage 12 et sa suspension sont représentés plus en détail à la figure 2. Cet agrégat de bourrage 12 présente de chaque côté d'une voie 5, une paire d'outils de bourrage 14 réglables l'un par rapport à l'autre et munis de pioches 16 s'enfonçant dans le ballast de chaque côté d'une traverse 15. Les outils de bourrage 14 des deux paires, dont une seule est visible à la figure 2, sont articulés à un arbre excentrique commun 18 tournant dans un support 17, les outils de bourrage 14 de chaque paire étant constitués par des leviers à deux bras qui se croisent autour de l'arbre excentrique 18. Le support 17 est suspendu à un bâti 20 sur lequel il est déplaçable verticalement au moyen d'un vérin hydraulique 19, le bâti 20, ainsi que l'extrémité supérieure du vérin hydraulique 19, étant susceptibles de basculer autour de l'axe transversal 13 perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale de la voie, dans le sens de la double flèche, dans un plan vertical. Le bâti 20 présente une traverse 21 à laquelle est fixé le vérin hydraulique 19, tandis que le support 17 est fixé à l'extrémité inférieure de la tige de piston 23 du vérin 19.The tamping aggregate 12 and its suspension are shown in more detail in FIG. 2. This tamping aggregate 12 has, on each side of a track 5, a pair of tamping tools 14 adjustable one relative to the other and provided with picks 16 sinking into the ballast on each side of a cross member 15. The tamping tools 14 of the two pairs, only one of which is visible in FIG. 2, are articulated to a common eccentric shaft 18 rotating in a support 17, the tamping tools 14 of each pair being constituted by two-arm levers which cross around the eccentric shaft 18. The support 17 is suspended from a frame 20 on which it is vertically movable by means of a hydraulic cylinder 19, the frame 20, as well as the end upper of the hydraulic cylinder 19, being capable of tilting about the transverse axis 13 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the track, in the direction of the double arrow, in a vertical plane. The frame 20 has a cross member 21 to which the hydraulic cylinder 19 is fixed, while the support 17 is fixed to the lower end of the piston rod 23 of the cylinder 19.

Pour le guidage du support 17 dans son déplacement de haut en bas et inversément, il est prévu deux colonnes 24 et 25 orientées parallèlement à la tige de piston 23 et qui sont fixées à la traverse 21 du bâti 20. Les extrémités inférieures de ces colonnes sont pourvues de galets de guidage 26 et 27 roulant sur le rail 5 et dont les chapes peuvent coulisser axialement sur les colonnes 24 et 25, lors du basculement du bâti 20, en comprimant des ressorts. Le support 17 coulisse sur la colonne 24 au moyen d'une douille de guidage 28, tandis qu'il présente de l'autre côté un profil de guidage 29 pouvant glisser sur un profil conjugué 30 de la colonne 25.To guide the support 17 in its movement from top to bottom and vice versa, there are provided two columns 24 and 25 oriented parallel to the piston rod 23 and which are fixed to the cross member 21 of the frame 20. The lower ends of these columns are provided with guide rollers 26 and 27 rolling on the rail 5 and whose yokes can slide axially on the columns 24 and 25, during the tilting of the frame 20, by compressing springs. The support 17 slides on the column 24 by means of a guide sleeve 28, while on the other side it has a guide profile 29 which can slide on a conjugate profile 30 of the column 25.

Les extrémités supérieures opposées aux pioches 16, des outils de bourrage 14 de chaque paire d'outils de bourrage, sont reliées aux articulations 31 avec les extrémités inférieures de deux vérins hydrauliques à double effet 32, dont les extrémités supérieures sont articulées aux points d'articulations 33 à une portée 37 du support 17. Par l'actionnement du vérin hydraulique 32 il est possible d'écarter ou de rapprocher l'un de l'autre les outils de bourrage 14 d'une paire. Pour obtenir une vibration des pioches 16, les outils de bourrage 14 sont pivotés sur des portées excentriques, de telle sorte que la rotation de l'arbre 18 a pour effet d'entraîner les pioches 16 dans un mouvement oscillant.The upper ends opposite the picks 16, tamping tools 14 of each pair of tamping tools, are connected to the joints 31 with the lower ends of two double-acting hydraulic cylinders 32, the upper ends of which are articulated at the points of joints 33 within a range 37 of the support 17. By actuating the hydraulic cylinder 32 it is possible to move apart or bring one closer to the other the tamping tools 14 in a pair. To obtain a vibration of the pickaxes 16, the tools stuffing 14 are pivoted on eccentric surfaces, so that the rotation of the shaft 18 has the effect of driving the picks 16 in an oscillating movement.

Pour la commande du basculement du bâti 20 avec son agrégat de bourrage 12, il est prévu un vérin hydraulique 34 articulé d'une part en un point 35 au châssis 2 et d'autre part en un point 36 à la colonne 25 et dont la tige de piston, lors de son extension, fait basculer l'ensemble basculant avec l'agrégat de bourrage 12 autour de l'axe 13, dans la position représentée, partiellement, en traits mixtes à la figure 2, les galets de guidage 26 et 27 roulant sur le rail 5 lors de ce basculement. Avant chaque basculement, l'agrégat de bourrage 12 avec ses outils de bourrage 14 est élevé au-dessus du niveau des rails 5 au moyen du vérin 19.To control the tilting of the frame 20 with its packing aggregate 12, there is provided a hydraulic cylinder 34 articulated on the one hand at a point 35 in the chassis 2 and on the other hand at a point 36 in the column 25 and whose piston rod, during its extension, causes the rocking assembly to tilt with the packing aggregate 12 around the axis 13, in the position shown, partially, in phantom in Figure 2, the guide rollers 26 and 27 rolling on the rail 5 during this tilting. Before each tilting, the tamping aggregate 12 with its tamping tools 14 is raised above the level of the rails 5 by means of the jack 19.

Afin d'avoir une suspension à cardan du bâti 20, l'axe transversal 13 n'est pas monté directement sur le châssis mais sur un arbre 40 monté longitudinalement sur la machine entre deux paliers 41. De cette manière le bâti 20 avec l'agrégat de bourrage 12 peut osciller dans un plan transversal à la voie et suivre librement le mouvement des galets de guidage 26 et 27 sur les rails, et ainsi se centrer et s'ajuster de lui-même latéralement.In order to have a cardan suspension of the frame 20, the transverse axis 13 is not mounted directly on the chassis but on a shaft 40 mounted longitudinally on the machine between two bearings 41. In this way the frame 20 with the tamping aggregate 12 can oscillate in a plane transverse to the track and freely follow the movement of the guide rollers 26 and 27 on the rails, and thus center and adjust itself laterally.

L'arbre transversal 13 pourrait en principe également être fixé directement au châssis 2.The transverse shaft 13 could in principle also be fixed directly to the chassis 2.

Un agrégat de bourrage identique, suspendu de la même manière, et également muni de deux paires d'outils de bourrage, se trouve au voisinage de l'autre rail, non visible à la figure 2, et bourre simultanément la même traverse 15 de chaque côté de l'autre rail.An identical tamping aggregate, suspended in the same way, and also provided with two pairs of tamping tools, is located in the vicinity of the other rail, not visible in FIG. 2, and simultaneously stuffs the same cross member 15 of each side of the other rail.

La commande du dispositif décrit ci-dessus sera elle-même décrite au moyen du schéma-bloc représenté à la figure 3 et du diagramme représenté à la figure 4, qui montre schématiquement les phases de mouvement de l'agrégat de bourrage en fonction du temps t porté en abscisse, le déplacement vertical H étant porté en ordonnée. Dans l'exemple considéré, les phases de mouvement d'un cycle de bourrage se déroulent chacune selon un rythme fixe prédéterminé et programmé. La vitesse de progression v de la machine est commandée en fonction de la durée minimale nécessaire d'un cycle de bourrage, respectivement, ce qui revient au même, en fonction de la distance mesurée entre deux traverses de telle sorte que les temps morts entre les cycles de bourrage soient réduits à un minimum, voire disparaissent.The control of the device described above will itself be described by means of the block diagram shown in Figure 3 and the diagram shown in Figure 4, which schematically shows the phases of movement of the tamping aggregate as a function of time t plotted on the abscissa, the vertical displacement H being plotted on the ordinate. In the example considered, the movement phases of a tamping cycle each take place according to a predetermined and programmed fixed rhythm. The speed of progression v of the machine is controlled as a function of the minimum necessary duration of a tamping cycle, respectively, which amounts to the same, as a function of the distance measured between two sleepers so that the dead times between the jam cycles are reduced to a minimum, or even disappear.

Le système de commande et de réglage installé à cet effet sur la machine 1 comprend essentiellement, selon la figure 3, un détecteur de traverses 50 constitué par exemple par un détecteur de proximité électro-magnétique réagissant à la fixation métallique du rail, un dispositif de mesure de la vitesse et du chemin parcouru 51 constitué par un compteur d'impulsions qui mesure les impulsions engendrées par un générateur d'impulsions 52 monté sur un axe de roues, respectivement la fréquence de ces impulsions, une mémoire électronique 53, un organe de comparaison 54, un dispositif de réglage 55 et un organe de réglage 56, par exemple hydraulique, au moyen duquel la vitesse de progession v de la machine est réglée. Les organes de mesure 50 et 51 délivrent des valeurs de mesure de la distance entre deux traverses consécutives, ces valeurs étant emmagasinées temporairement dans la mémoire 53. De ces valeurs mesurées on déduit à chaque instant la grandeur de consigne de la vitesse de progession pour laquelle l'intervalle de temps, pendant lequel la machine se déplace de la distance de deux traverses, correspond à la durée d'un cycle de bourrage. La mémorisation tempo- .raire de la grandeur mesurée dans la mémoire 53 est nécessaire, car le détecteur de traverses 50 est disposé en avant de l'agrégat de bourrage 12, le signal de commande, calculé sur la base de la mesure, ne devant être appliqué à l'agrégat de bourrage 12 que lorsque les outils de bourrage ont atteint l'endroit où s'est effectuée la mesure, c'est-à-dire la traverse 15 à bourrer. La grandeur de consigne et la grandeur mesurée de la vitesse d'avance de la machine sont comparées dans le comparateur 54 et l'écart délivré par ce comparateur commande l'organe de réglage 56 à travers le dispositif de réglage 55, et par là la vitesse de l'avance de la machine.The control and adjustment system installed for this purpose on the machine 1 essentially comprises, according to FIG. 3, a sleeper detector 50 constituted for example by an electromagnetic proximity detector reacting to the metal fixing of the rail, a device for measurement of the speed and of the distance traveled 51 constituted by a pulse counter which measures the pulses generated by a pulse generator 52 mounted on a wheel axle, respectively the frequency of these pulses, an electronic memory 53, a comparison 54, an adjustment device 55 and an adjustment member 56, for example hydraulic, by means of which the speed of advance v of the machine is adjusted. The measurement members 50 and 51 deliver measurement values of the distance between two consecutive sleepers, these values being temporarily stored in memory 53. From these measured values, the reference magnitude is deduced at all times from the speed of progression for which the time interval during which the machine moves the distance of two sleepers, corresponds to the duration of a tamping cycle. Temporary storage of the quantity measured in memory 53 is necessary, because the sleeper detector 50 is placed in front of the jamming aggregate 12, the control signal, calculated on the basis of the measurement, not having to be applied to the tamping aggregate 12 only when the tamping tools have reached the place where the measurement was made, that is to say the crosspiece 15 to be tamped. The setpoint quantity and the measured quantity of the speed of advance of the machine are compared in the comparator 54 and the difference delivered by this comparator controls the adjustment member 56 through the adjustment device 55, and thereby the machine feed speed.

La mémoire 53 reçoit d'autre part, à chaque fin d'un cycle de bourrage, un signal engendré par un détecteur 57 signalant la fin du cycle. Un cycle est défini par exemple par l'espace de temps entre deux élévations consécutives de l'agrégat de bourrage 12, c'est-à-dire entre l'instant auquel l'agrégat 12 atteint sa position élevée représentée en pointillés à la figure 3 et l'instant auquel l'agrégat de bourrage, après avoir terminé le bourrage d'une traverse 15, atteint à nouveau sa position supérieure. Le détecteur 57 réagit chaque fois que l'agrégat de bourrage 12 atteint sa position la plus élevée. La mémoire 53, sur la base des mesures décrites ci-dessus, délivre sur sa sortie 58 un signal d'initialisation, chaque fois que l'agrégat de bourrage 12 doit commencer un nouveau cycle de bourrage, et que le détecteur 57 a annoncé la fin du cycle de bourrage précédent. Simultanément, la valeur emmagasinée dans la mémoire 53 est effacée.The memory 53 also receives, at each end of a tamping cycle, a signal generated by a detector 57 signaling the end of the cycle. A cycle is defined for example by the space of time between two consecutive elevations of the packing aggregate 12, that is to say between the instant at which the aggregate 12 reaches its elevated position shown in dotted lines in the figure. 3 and the instant at which the tamping aggregate, after having finished tamping a cross member 15, again reaches its upper position. The detector 57 reacts each time the tamping aggregate 12 reaches its highest position. The memory 53, on the basis of the measures described above, delivers on its output 58 an initialization signal, each time that the stuffing aggregate 12 has to start a new stuffing cycle, and that the detector 57 has announced the end of previous jam cycle. Simultaneously, the value stored in memory 53 is erased.

Pour des raisons de sécurité de fonctionnement, il est prévu un autre détecteur de traverses 59 représenté très schématiquement à la figure 3, fonctionnant en tant que détecteur de position et installé de telle manière qu'il peut contrôler immédiatement, avant le début d'un cycle de bourrage, respectivement l'abaissement de l'agrégat de bourrage 12, si la traverse 15 à bourrer occupe la position correcte, attendue, relativement à l'agrégat de bourrage 12, afin que lors de l'abaissement de l'agrégat, les outils de bourrage pénètrent avec certitude dans le ballast de chaque côté de cette traverse. Dans le cas.où la présence de cette traverse n'est pas annonçée ou n'est pas annonçée à temps par le détecteur de traverses 59 disposé dans la zone antérieure de l'agrégat de bourrage 12 ou immédiatement devant, sur la machine, le déclenchement d'un nouveau cycle de bourrage est retardé ou, si ce cycle a déjà commencé, interrompu avant la descente de l'agrégat de bourrage. L'installation peut par exemple être agencée de telle sorte que le signal de sortie du détecteur de traverses 59 et le signal d'initialisation sur la ligne 58 sont appliqués aux entrées d'une porte ET, de telle sorte qu'un signal n'apparait sur la ligne 61, pour le déclenchement du cycle de bourrage suivant, que si les deux signaux sont présents simultanément sur les entrées de la porte 60. Dans ce circuit de contrôle, il faut bien entendu tenir compte du retard apparaissant entre l'émission du signal de traverses et l'abaissement de l'agrégat de bourrage, respectivement du chemin parcouru durant ce temps, lorsque la première phase de déplacement du cycle de bourrage consiste à basculer vers l'avant l'agrégat de bourrage soulevé. Un cycle de bourrage peut naturellement également commencer avec l'abaissement de l'agrégat de bourrage déjà basculé vers l'avant ; dans ce cas, le signal de fin de cycle est engendré par un détecteur réagissant lorsque l'agrégat de bourrage prend sa position basculée vers l'avant, et le détecteur de traverses fonctionnant comme détecteur de position se trouve dans la zone où a lieu l'abaissement de l'agrégat de bourrage, de telle sorte que la présence de la traverse à bourrer est annonçée, en vue du déclenchement du nouveau cycle de bourrage, lorsque cette traverse se trouve sous les outils de bourrage.For operational safety reasons, there is another sleeper detector 59 shown. very schematically in FIG. 3, operating as a position detector and installed in such a way that it can control immediately, before the start of a tamping cycle, respectively the lowering of the tamping aggregate 12, if the cross member 15 to be stuffed occupies the correct, expected position, relative to the packing aggregate 12, so that when the aggregate is lowered, the tamping tools penetrate with certainty into the ballast on each side of this sleeper. In the case where the presence of this sleeper is not announced or is not announced in time by the sleeper detector 59 arranged in the anterior zone of the packing aggregate 12 or immediately in front of the machine on the the start of a new tamping cycle is delayed or, if this cycle has already started, interrupted before the descent of the tamping unit. The installation can for example be arranged in such a way that the output signal from the sleeper detector 59 and the initialization signal on line 58 are applied to the inputs of an AND gate, so that a signal does not appears on line 61, for the triggering of the next tamping cycle, only if the two signals are present simultaneously on the inputs of door 60. In this control circuit, it is of course necessary to take into account the delay appearing between transmission of the sleeper signal and the lowering of the tamping aggregate, respectively of the path traveled during this time, when the first phase of displacement of the tamping cycle consists of tilting the raised tamping aggregate forward. A tamping cycle can naturally also start with the lowering of the tamping aggregate already tilted forward; in this case, the end of cycle signal is generated by a detector reacting when the tamping aggregate takes its tilted forward position, and the sleeper detector functioning as a position detector is located in the area where the lowering of the packing aggregate, such so that the presence of the crosspiece to be stuffed is announced, with a view to triggering the new tamping cycle, when this crosspiece is under the tamping tools.

Etant donné que dans la commande et le réglage décrits ci-dessus, la vitesse d'avance de la machine est adaptée à chaque instant à la distance entre deux traverses consécutives, cette distance peut sans autre varier. Si elle devient plus petite, respectivement plus grande, la vitesse d'avance v diminue, respectivement augmente.Since in the control and adjustment described above, the speed of advance of the machine is adapted at all times to the distance between two consecutive sleepers, this distance can vary without further. If it becomes smaller, respectively greater, the speed of advance v decreases, respectively increases.

Dans un exemple typique, le cycle indiqué par a à la figure 4 est égal à 3,6 secondes. Un cycle de bourrage comprend les phases suivantes, telles qu'indiquées à la figure 4 : à l'apparition du signal de déclenchement sur la ligne de sortie 61, le vérin de commande 34 (figure 2) est actionné et le bâti 20, avec l'agrégat de bourrage 12, est basculé rapidement durant l'intervalle b (figure 4) dans sa position avancée, dans laquelle il se trouve au moins approximativement au-dessus de la traverse 15 suivante à bourrer. Le vérin hydraulique 19 assure l'abaissement de l'agrégat de bourrage 12 durant l'intervalle de temps c, les pioches 16 pénétrant alors dans le ballast de chaque côté de la traverse concernée.In a typical example, the cycle indicated by a in Figure 4 is 3.6 seconds. A tamping cycle comprises the following phases, as indicated in FIG. 4: on the appearance of the trigger signal on the output line 61, the control cylinder 34 (FIG. 2) is actuated and the frame 20, with the tamping aggregate 12 is rapidly tilted during the interval b (FIG. 4) in its advanced position, in which it is at least approximately above the next cross member 15 to be tamped with. The hydraulic cylinder 19 lowers the packing aggregate 12 during the time interval c, the picks 16 then entering the ballast on each side of the cross member concerned.

Commence alors la phase de bourrage proprement dite, durant laquelle les pioches 16 sont rapprochées l'une de l'autre au moyen du vérin hydraulique 32 et simultanément l'agrégat de bourrage 12, avec son bâti 20, revient en basculant en arrière, relativement au châssis 2 à une vitesse dépendant de la vitesse d'avance de la machine 1. Ce basculement vers l'arrière n'a pas besoin d'être commandé, mais il suffit de supprimer la pression dans le vérin de commande, de telle sorte que celui-ci puisse suivre librement le mouvement forcé du bâti 20. Durant cette phase de bourrage proprement dite, représentée par l'intevalle de temps d à la figure 4, par exemple de 1,8 seconde, les pioches 16 restent dans le ballast, tandis que la machine 1 avance à une vitesse uniforme. Ensuite, après la fin de la phase de bourrage proprement dite, les pioches 16 sont à nouveau écartées et l'agrégat de bourrage 12 est à nouveau élevé au moyen du vérin hydraulique 19 durant l'intervalle de temps e (figure 4), sur quoi le nouveau cycle de bourrage est déclenché. Dans l'exemple considéré à la figure 4, le temps mort est réduit à très peu de chose.Then begins the actual tamping phase, during which the picks 16 are brought closer to each other by means of the hydraulic cylinder 32 and simultaneously the tamping aggregate 12, with its frame 20, returns by rocking back, relatively to chassis 2 at a speed dependent on the speed of advance of the machine 1. This tilting backwards does not need to be controlled, but it suffices to remove the pressure in the control cylinder, so that that it can freely follow the forced movement of the frame 20. During this actual tamping phase, represented by the time interval d in FIG. 4, for example 1.8 seconds, the picks 16 remain in the ballast, while the machine 1 advances at a uniform speed . Then, after the end of the actual tamping phase, the picks 16 are again moved aside and the tamping aggregate 12 is again raised by means of the hydraulic cylinder 19 during the time interval e (FIG. 4), on whereby the new jam cycle is started. In the example considered in FIG. 4, the dead time is reduced to very little.

Le basculement de l'agrégat de bourrage 12 autour d'une suspension à cardan fixe avec un axe transversal 13 pratiquement fixe est plus simple à commander et avec des moyens moins importants qu'un déplacement en translation de l'agrégat de bourrage sur des rails de guidage. Etant donné qu'en raison du basculement pratiquement seulement les pioches inférieures 16 de l'agrégat de bourrage 12 doivent effectuer un déplacement complet relativement au châssis 2, déplacement correspondant à la distance entre deux traverses consécutives, les forces nécessaires à l'accélération de l'agrégat de bourrage sont moindres que les forces nécessaires à l'accélération de tout le dispositif en translation relativement au châssis 2, car le moment d'inertie correspondant de l'ensemble est plus petit, sans compter que les forces de frottement de roulement sur des rails de guidage sont supprimées.The tilting of the tamping aggregate 12 around a fixed cardanic suspension with a practically fixed transverse axis 13 is easier to control and with less important means than a displacement in translation of the tamping aggregate on rails guide. Since, due to the tilting, practically only the lower picks 16 of the tamping aggregate 12 have to make a complete displacement relative to the chassis 2, displacement corresponding to the distance between two consecutive sleepers, the forces necessary to accelerate the stuffing aggregate are less than the forces required to accelerate the entire device in translation relative to the chassis 2, because the corresponding moment of inertia of the assembly is smaller, not to mention that the rolling friction forces on guide rails are removed.

La commande de la machine durant un cycle de bourrage peut être effectuée d'une autre manière que celle décrite ci-dessus. Par exemple, les phases de déplacement de l'agrégat de bourrage peuvent être commandées en fonction d'une vitesse moyenne de travail prédéterminée de la machine 1. Il est naturellement en principe possible de commander tout ou partie des phases de déplacement décrites à la main, par un opérateur placé dans une cabine située sur la machine 1 et permettant l'observation de l'agrégat de bourrage.The control of the machine during a tamping cycle can be carried out in another way than that described above. For example, the phases of movement of the tamping aggregate can be controlled as a function of a predetermined average working speed of the machine 1. It is naturally in principle possible to control all or part of the movement phases described by hand, by an operator placed in a cabin located on the machine 1 and allowing observation of the packing aggregate.

Selon une variante d'exécution représentée à la figure 5, l'agrégat de bourrage 12' comprend deux paires d'outils de bourrage 14a et 14b montés l'un derrière l'autre sur un support commun 17', ces deux outils de bourrage étant réalisés de manière identique,' comme décrit en relation avec la figure 2. Dans ce cas, les deux arbres excentriques 18a et 18b sont entraînés par un moteur commun 44 au moyen d'une courroie 43. Le support 17' est à nouveau suspendu pendulairement dans un plan longitudinal vertical de la machine, comme indiqué par les flèches en arc de cercle, au moyen de deux vérins hydrauliques 19a et 19b dont les extrémités inférieures sont attachées en deux points d'articulation 42a et 42b au support 17' et dont les extrémités supérieures sont articulées respectivement à deux axes transversaux 13a et 13 b sur le châssis 2. On constate que la structure en forme de parallélogramme constitué par le support 17', les deux vérins hydrauliques 19a et 19b et la partie du châssis 2 auquel ils sont attachés, assure un maintien horizontal, parallèle à la voie, du support 17', de telle sorte que les deux paires d'outils de bourrage 14a et 14b se trouvent toujours à la même hauteur. En outre, il est possible de prévoir un bâti, non représenté à la figure 5, correspondant au bâti 20 de la figure 2, muni de guidages verticaux pour les outils de bourrage 14a et 14b et de galets de centrage roulant sur les rails. Au moyen de ce double agrégat de bourrage il est ainsi possible de bourrer simultanément deux traverses voisines. L'amplitude de basculement de cet agrégat de bourrage correspond alors bien entendu au double de la distance séparant deux traverses consécutives.According to an alternative embodiment represented in FIG. 5, the tamping aggregate 12 ′ comprises two pairs of tamping tools 14a and 14b mounted one behind the other on a common support 17 ′, these two tamping tools being produced identically, 'as described in relation to Figure 2. In this case, the two eccentric shafts 18a and 18b are driven by a common motor 44 by means of a belt 43. The support 17' is again suspended pendulumally in a vertical longitudinal plane of the machine, as indicated by the arrows in an arc, by means of two hydraulic cylinders 19a and 19b, the lower ends of which are attached at two articulation points 42a and 42b to the support 17 'and whose the upper ends are articulated respectively to two transverse axes 13a and 13b on the chassis 2. It can be seen that the parallelogram-shaped structure constituted by the support 17 ', the two hydraulic cylinders 19a and 19b and the part of the chassis 2 at which they are attached, ensures a horizontal holding, parallel to the track, of the support 17 ', so that the two pairs of tamping tools 14a and 14b are always at the same height. In addition, it is possible to provide a frame, not shown in FIG. 5, corresponding to the frame 20 of FIG. 2, provided with vertical guides for the tamping tools 14a and 14b and centering rollers rolling on the rails. By means of this double packing aggregate it is thus possible to simultaneously stuff two neighboring sleepers. The tilting amplitude of this packing aggregate then corresponds of course to twice the distance separating two consecutive sleepers.

Une variante'de cette exécution est représentée schématiquement à la figure 6. Dans cette exécution, il est prévu deux paires d'outils de bourrage 14a et 14b montées chacune sur leur propre support 17a et 17b aux extrémités 47a et 47b d'une bascule 45 dont le point milieu est attaché à l'extrémité de la tige de piston d'un vérin hydraulique 19' prévu pour soulever la bascule 45 et dont l'extrémité supérieure est suspendue pendulairement à l'axe transversal 13 sur le châssis. De manière à maintenir les deux paires d'outils de bourrage 14a et 14b à la même hauteur, il est prévu par exemple une articulation à parallélogramme constituée d'une part par le vérin 19 et la bascule 45 et d'autre part par deux bras 48 et 49 articulés entre eux, représentés en pointillés.A variant of this embodiment is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 6. In this embodiment, two pairs of tamping tools 14a and 14b are provided, each mounted on their own support 17a and 17b at the ends 47a and 47b of a rocker 45 whose midpoint is attached to the end of the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder 19 'provided for lifting the rocker 45 and whose upper end is suspended pendulumly to the transverse axis 13 on the chassis. So as to keep the two pairs of tamping tools 14a and 14b at the same height, there is provided for example a parallelogram articulation constituted on the one hand by the jack 19 and the rocker 45 and on the other hand by two arms 48 and 49 articulated together, shown in dotted lines.

L'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples d'éxécution décrits, de nombreuses variantes étant possibles, tant en ce qui concerne l'exécution de l'agrégat de bourrage que sa suspension oscillante et la commande des cycles de bourrage.The invention is not limited to the examples of execution described, numerous variants being possible, both with regard to the execution of the tamping aggregate, its oscillating suspension and the control of the tamping cycles.

Claims (10)

1. Machine à bourrer les voies ferrées, en particulier machine à bourrer, à niveler et à dresser les voies ferrées, comprenant au moins un agrégat de bourrage mobile longitudinalement relativement au châssis de la machine et au moins une paire de pioches coopérant l'une avec l'autre et réglables en hauteur, caractérisée par le fait que l'agrégat (12 ; 12') est suspendu pendulairement au châssis (2) de la machine (1), autour d'un axe transversal (13), et que la machine comprend un dispositif (34) pour faire pivoter l'agrégat de bourrage autour de son axe de suspension (13) de telle manière que lors d'une progression de la machine à une vitesse uniforme, les opérations de bourrage sont exécutables pas à pas, de traverse en traverse, respectivement de groupe de traverses en groupe de traverses.1. Machine for stuffing railways, in particular machine for stuffing, leveling and straightening railways, comprising at least one aggregate of stuffing movable longitudinally relative to the chassis of the machine and at least one pair of picks cooperating one with the other and adjustable in height, characterized in that the aggregate (12; 12 ') is suspended pendulumly to the chassis (2) of the machine (1), around a transverse axis (13), and that the machine comprises a device (34) for pivoting the tamping aggregate around its suspension axis (13) in such a way that during a progression of the machine at a uniform speed, the tamping operations can be executed step by step not, from cross to cross, respectively from group of cross to group of cross. 2. Machine à bourrer selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que les outils de bourrage (14) sont montés sur un support (17) fixé de manière réglable en hauteur à un bâti (20) suspendu au châssis (2) autour dudit axe transversal (13).2. tamping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the tamping tools (14) are mounted on a support (17) fixed in adjustable manner in height to a frame (20) suspended from the frame (2) around said transverse axis (13). 3. Machine à bourrer selon la revendication 2, caractérisée par le fait que ledit bâti (20) porte deux colonnes (24, 25) pour le guidage dudit support (17) avec les outils de bourrage (14) dans son déplacement vertical, ces colonnes étant munies à leur extrémité inférieure de galets de guidage (26, 27) roulant sur le rail (5).3. tamping machine according to claim 2, characterized in that said frame (20) carries two columns (24, 25) for guiding said support (17) with the tamping tools (14) in its vertical displacement, these columns being provided at their lower end with guide rollers (26, 27) rolling on the rail (5). 4. Machine à bourrer selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée par le fait que l'agrégat de bourrage (12) est suspendu au châssis (2) par une articulation du type cardan, de telle sorte qu'en plus d'un pivotement autour dudit axe transversal (13) il peut pivoter autour d'un axe (40) orienté longitudinalement par rapport au châssis (2).4. tamping machine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the tamping aggregate (12) is suspended from the frame (2) by a cardan-type joint, so that in addition to 'pivoting around said transverse axis (13) it can pivot about an axis (40) oriented longitudinally with respect to the chassis (2). 5. Machine à bourrer selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comprend un vérin (34) pour le pivotement de l'agrégat de bourrage.5. Stuffing machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a jack (34) for the pivoting of the tamping aggregate. 6. Machine à bourrer selon les revendications 3, 4 et 5, caractérisée par le fait que ledit vérin (34) est articulé par l'une de ses extrémités au châssis (2) et par l'autre extrémité à l'une des dites colonnes de guidage(25).6. Stuffing machine according to claims 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that said cylinder (34) is articulated by one of its ends to the frame (2) and by the other end to one of said guide columns (25). 7. Machine à bourrer selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée par le fait que l'agrégat de bourrage (12') comprend deux paires d'outils de bourrage (14a, 14b) montés l'un derrière l'autre sur un support commun (17') dans le sens de déplacement de la machine, un guidage parallèle étant prévu pour le support déplaçable verticalement (17'), ce guidage comprenant de préférence deux vérins hydrauliques (19a, 19b) pour le déplacement vertical.7. tamping machine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tamping aggregate (12 ') comprises two pairs of tamping tools (14a, 14b) mounted one behind the other on a common support (17 ') in the direction of movement of the machine, a parallel guide being provided for the vertically movable support (17'), this guide preferably comprising two hydraulic cylinders (19a, 19b) for vertical movement. 8. Machine à bourrer selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée par le fait que l'agrégat de bourrage comprend deux paires d'outils de bourrage (14a, 14b), montés l'un derrière l'autre, respectivement sur deux supports (17a, 17b), dans la direction de déplacement de la machine, ces deux supports (17a, 17b) étant fixés aux extrémités d'une bascule (45) pourvue d'un guidage parallèle et articulée en sont point milieu à un vérin (19') servant au déplacement vertical de l'agrégat de bourrage et suspendue par son extrémité supérieure audit axe transversal (13).8. tamping machine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tamping aggregate comprises two pairs of tamping tools (14a, 14b), mounted one behind the other, respectively on two supports (17a, 17b), in the direction of movement of the machine, these two supports (17a, 17b) being fixed to the ends of a rocker (45) provided with a parallel and articulated guide are midpoint at a cylinder (19 ') for the vertical displacement of the tamping aggregate and suspended by its upper end to said transverse axis (13). 9. Machine à bourrer selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comprend un dispositif de commande automatique de l'agrégat de bourrage (12 ; 12') et de la progression uniforme de la machine (1), comprenant un détecteur de traverses (50), un tachymètre (51), une mémoire électronique (50), un comparateur de vitesse (54), un dispositif de réglage (55) commandant un organe de réglage (56) pour la commande de la vitesse de progression (v) et un détecteur (57) annonçant la fin d'un cycle de bourrage et délivrant un signal de fin de cycle, la vitesse de progression (v) étant commandable en fonction de la durée minimale d'un cycle de bourrage, respectivement de la distance mesurée entre deux traverses, un nouveau cycle de bourrage étant susceptible d'être déclenché en fonction de la distance mesurée entre les traverses, du signal de fin de cycle et, le cas échéant, d'un signal émis par un second détecteur de traverses (59) annonçant la présence de la traverse à bourrer sous l'agrégat de bourrage.9. Stuffing machine according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises a dispo Automatic control of the tamping aggregate (12; 12 ') and of the uniform progress of the machine (1), comprising a sleeper detector (50), a tachometer (51), an electronic memory (50), a speed comparator (54), an adjustment device (55) controlling an adjustment member (56) for controlling the progression speed (v) and a detector (57) announcing the end of a tamping cycle and delivering an end of cycle signal, the speed of progression (v) being controllable as a function of the minimum duration of a tamping cycle, respectively of the distance measured between two crosspieces, a new tamping cycle being capable of being triggered as a function of the distance measured between the sleepers, of the end of cycle signal and, if necessary, of a signal emitted by a second sleeper detector (59) announcing the presence of the sleeper to be stuffed under the tamping aggregate . 10. Machine à bourrer selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle présente des pinces à galets (8) enserrant les rails (5) en permanence et commandables de façon continue pour le nivellement et le dressage continue de la voie. .10. Stuffing machine according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it has roller clamps (8) enclosing the rails (5) permanently and continuously controllable for leveling and continuous dressing of the way. .
EP82200040A 1981-01-23 1982-01-14 Railway track tamping machine Expired EP0057030B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82200040T ATE12955T1 (en) 1981-01-23 1982-01-14 RAIL TAMPING MACHINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH428/81A CH652430A5 (en) 1981-01-23 1981-01-23 TRACKING MACHINE.
CH428/81 1981-01-23

Publications (2)

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EP0057030A1 true EP0057030A1 (en) 1982-08-04
EP0057030B1 EP0057030B1 (en) 1985-04-24

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EP (1) EP0057030B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS57143001A (en)
AT (1) ATE12955T1 (en)
AU (1) AU545691B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8200340A (en)
CA (1) CA1180947A (en)
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US4449459A (en) 1984-05-22
JPH0316441B2 (en) 1991-03-05
JPS57143001A (en) 1982-09-04
ATE12955T1 (en) 1985-05-15
AU7952782A (en) 1982-07-29
CA1180947A (en) 1985-01-15
EP0057030B1 (en) 1985-04-24
CH652430A5 (en) 1985-11-15
AU545691B2 (en) 1985-07-25
ZA8255B (en) 1982-11-24
DE3263190D1 (en) 1985-05-30
BR8200340A (en) 1982-11-23

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