EP0051756B1 - Arc extinguishing device, in particular for an automatic cut out - Google Patents

Arc extinguishing device, in particular for an automatic cut out Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0051756B1
EP0051756B1 EP81108168A EP81108168A EP0051756B1 EP 0051756 B1 EP0051756 B1 EP 0051756B1 EP 81108168 A EP81108168 A EP 81108168A EP 81108168 A EP81108168 A EP 81108168A EP 0051756 B1 EP0051756 B1 EP 0051756B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arc
plates
extinction
bank
entry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81108168A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0051756A1 (en
Inventor
Erhard Ing. Grad. Runtsch
Werner Bruckner
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
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Brown Boveri und Cie AG Germany
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Publication date
Application filed by Brown Boveri und Cie AG Germany filed Critical Brown Boveri und Cie AG Germany
Priority to AT81108168T priority Critical patent/ATE13108T1/en
Publication of EP0051756A1 publication Critical patent/EP0051756A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0051756B1 publication Critical patent/EP0051756B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arc extinguishing device, in particular for circuit breakers, with at least one fixed and at least one movable contact piece, between which e.g. in the event of a contact separation caused by a short-circuit current, an arc is drawn, which is fed via at least one arc guide plate connected to one of the contact pieces to an arc-extinguishing plate package for extinguishing the arc, which is surrounded by an envelope additionally covering the outlet side of the arc-extinguishing plate package and having gas outlet openings in this area .
  • An arc extinguishing device of the type mentioned at the outset has become known from DE-B 1 926 355.
  • This device comprises an arc-quenching plate packet, which is surrounded by an envelope consisting of chamber walls and a sieve plate.
  • the sieve plate covers the exit side of the arc quenching plate package and has gas outlet openings in this area.
  • the arc quenching chamber known from DE-B 1 926355 is designed as a very solid housing with relatively thick walls, which covers the arc quenching plate package as a whole, i.e.
  • the arc-quenching plates resting snugly with their edges on the inner wall of the housing, which also applies to the arc-guiding rails, which are likewise placed directly on the inner wall of the housing.
  • the housing is provided with a comb-like end with extensions which engage between two arc-quenching plates and have a specific shape with the edges.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an arc extinguishing device of the type mentioned at the outset, with which a further improvement for the arc entry into the arc extinguishing sheet packet and a reduction in the risk of reignition can be achieved; furthermore, the manufacturability of the arc quenching device is to be made considerably easier.
  • the casing is U-shaped, i.e. has two plates forming the legs of the U and a connecting web connecting these plates to one another and provided with the gas outlet openings, that the two plates - running parallel to the arc-quenching plates - take the arc-quenching plate package between them and the connecting web comes to lie over the gas-outlet side of the arc-quenching plate package and that the plates have elongated, all-round recesses running in the direction of the arc entry, which are designed such that a web of the plate material lying transversely to the direction of arc entry remains in the area of entry of the arc into the quenching plate package.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention can be such that the web on the plates is offset inwards in the direction of the arc entry, in such a way that a cutout which is open to the front is created on the arc inlet sides of the plates in front of the recesses.
  • the introduction of the webs makes it more difficult for the arc base points to run back on the arc guide rails, thus reducing the risk of reignition.
  • the arc migration is essentially caused immediately after the contact separation by the magnetic blowing field, which is generated by the U-shaped design of the power supply to the contact point. If the arc has run into the arc quenching plate package, magnetic forces driving the arc are still present, but the plasma is driven back to the contact point by thermal expansion, so that in the area of the original contact point, reignitions can also take place via the arc quenching plates, if the bars are not provided.
  • the magnetic field which is formed by the current supply to the contact point will drive the arc smoothly and easily over the webs.
  • the webs have the task, as a thermal barrier, of jumping the arc backwards, i.e. to prevent back to the contact point.
  • this is achieved in any case and accordingly the arc base on the outer arc extinguishing plates will always lie or remain in the area of the recesses of the plates, so that the reignitions both on the side and in the area of the contact point are avoided and prevented are.
  • an intermediate plate can be provided between the two plates running parallel to the arc quenching plates, the shape of which corresponds to the two outer plates.
  • a further embodiment of the invention can be such that the gas outlet openings are designed as slots or as circular openings which are in the area between the light bo gene extinguishers are lying.
  • the exhaust air cross section can be significantly enlarged and distributed over the entire area, so that a wall on the housing of the circuit breaker, such as in DE-B 1 926355, is no longer necessary.
  • a fixed contact piece 12 and a movable contact piece 13 are located within a housing 11 of a circuit breaker, the movable contact piece 13 being pivotably mounted about a fixed axis 14.
  • the fixed contact piece 12 merges into a first arc guide plate 15.
  • a second arc guide plate 16 is provided parallel to the first arc guide plate 15 and is connected to the movable contact piece 13 or to the contact lever 13 via a stranded connection 17.
  • an arc 221 is initially formed, which arises directly at the point at which the two contact pieces 12 and 13 touch. Influenced by the thermal and magnetic self-blowing, this arc moves further away from the contact point; One base point moves the movable contact piece 13 and the other base point along the arc guide plate 15. The arc in its second position is designated by reference number 222. Because of the arrangement of fixed and movable contact piece 12 or 13 magnetic blowing field, the arc is driven in the direction of arrow A to the quenching plates 18 to 21 and is drawn into the recess 22 of the individual arc quenching plates by the magnetic effect of the iron quenching plate package base points and then burns between the individual quenching plates.
  • the arc has the reference number 224.
  • optimal exhaust air routing through the formation of the outlet openings is very important. responsible. These must be designed in such a way that, on the one hand, as little counter pressure as possible is built up in the chamber for the incoming arc and, on the other hand, the individual arcs cannot short-circuit at the ends of the quenching plates, since this would result in a reduction in the arc voltage, which would have a negative effect on the current limitation and would equal the undesirable effects of reignition.
  • the arc quenching plate packet is surrounded by a sheath 30.
  • This envelope 30 according to FIG. 2 is U-shaped and has an upper and a lower plate 32 and 34 which are placed on the upper and lower surface of the arc-quenching plate 16 and 21, respectively. These two plates are connected to one another by means of a connecting web 36 which has gas outlet openings 38.
  • the plates 32 and 34 have a keyhole-like recess 40 and 42, which are closed in the front region, that is in the region of the entry of the arc into the arc quenching plate package, by a web or a barrier 44 and 46.
  • FIG. 2 shows the deion sheet 21 with its sheet cutout 22 in order to indicate how the covering according to FIG. 2 is attached to the arc quenching sheet packet.
  • FIG. 2a shows how the sheathing is integrated in the arc-quenching plate package, the arc that is just entering the arc-quenching plate package having the reference number 223.
  • FIG. 3 shows a configuration similar to that in FIG. 2.
  • An envelope with an upper plate 60 and a lower plate 62, which are connected to one another by means of a connecting web 64, which Ver binding web is perforated by means of slots 66.
  • Keyhole-like recesses 68 and 70 which are similar to the recesses according to FIG. 2, are likewise made in the plates 60 and 62.
  • the webs 76, 78 can be offset to the rear in the arc running direction, as shown in FIG the recesses 68 and 70 are aligned U-shaped cutouts 80 and 82 are formed.
  • the extensions can also be circular. These have the reference numbers 72 and 74.
  • the arrangement of the webs (76, 78) ensures that the base points of the arc 223 (FIG. 2a) can enter further into the sheet metal cutout or into the recess 22 and thus the column of the arc 223 is more sensitive to the magnetic effect of the arc stack 18 to 21 are exposed. This results in a faster and safer arc entry.
  • the slots 66 are arranged such that they lie between two arc-quenching plates; they are arranged one above the other in two adjacent rows, the rows running parallel to one another in the stacking direction next to one another.
  • the slots in the opposite rows are offset from one another in such a way that a slot in one row lies in the area between two slots in the other row.
  • the sheathing is integrated into the arc quenching plate package as shown in FIG. 3a.
  • the arrangement is the same as that of FIG. 2a.
  • the openings 38 according to FIG. 2 are circular.
  • the openings 38 are circular.
  • the openings are also the possibility, as shown in FIG. 3, of designing the openings as slots 66; the effect of these slot-like outlet openings is the same as that of the circular openings.
  • FIG. 4 shows an envelope which is similar to that according to FIG. 3; only between the front web 76 or 78 and the circular extension 72 or 74 is an intermediate web 77 provided, by means of which the risk of reignition is reduced even further by the fact that the arc base points on the guide rails 15 and 16 are sealed off.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment which is similar to that of FIG. 4.
  • the covering has an upper plate 60 and a lower plate 62 with the webs 76, 77 and 78. Between the two plates 60 and 62 there is an intermediate plate 84 which has webs 86 and webs 88 which have the webs 76, 77 and 78 correspond. Otherwise, the recess (without reference number) is designed in the same way as that according to FIGS. 3 and 4; the circular extension can also be replaced by an elliptical extension similar to FIG. 2.
  • the intermediate plate 24 can either be inserted loosely into the arc-quenching plate packet or connected in a suitable manner to the rear area of the gas outlet side.
  • a further improvement is achieved by arranging the intermediate plate, which should be arranged approximately in the middle of the quenching plate stack.
  • the sheath can of course not only be used for arc extinguishing plates in a circuit breaker, but wherever arc extinguishing plates are used to extinguish an arc or to limit a short-circuit current. This can be the case with circuit breakers, contactors and similar electrical switching devices.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

1. Arc-extinction device, in particular for an automatic cut-out, with at least one fixed (12) and at least one moveable (13) contact piece, between which, for example in the event of a contact separation caused by a short-circuit current, an arc (221, 222) is drawn, which is fed via at least one arc deflector (15) connected to one of the contact pieces (12, 13) to a bank of arc-extinction plates (18 to 21) in order to extinguish the arc, which is enclosed by a casing (30) additionally covering the exit side of the bank of arc-extinction plates (18 to 21) and having in this area gas emission openings (36, 38), characterised in that the casing (30) is designed as a U-shape, that is, it has two plates (32, 60; 34, 62) forming the legs of the U, and a connecting web (36, 64) which connects these plates together and which is provided with the gas emission openings (38, 66), that the two plates (32, 34; 60, 62) - running parallel to the arc-extinction plates - receive between them the bank of arc-extinction plates (18 to 21), and the connecting web (36, 64) comes into a position lying over the gas emission side of the bank of arc-extinction plates (18 to 21), and that the plates (32, 34; 60, 62) have elongated recesses (40, 42; 72, 74) closed on all sides and running in the direction of entry of the arc, the recesses (40, 42; 72, 74) being designed in such a way that a web (44, 46; 76, 78) made of plate material remains lying across the direction of entry of the arc at the area where the arc enters the bank of extinction plates (18 to 21).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung, insbesondere für Leitungsschutzschalter, mit wenigstens einem festen und wenigstens einem beweglichen Kontaktstück, zwischen denen z.B. im Falle einer durch einen Kurzschlussstrom verursachten Kontakttrennung ein Lichtbogen gezogen wird, der über wenigstens ein mit einem der Kontaktstücke verbundenes Lichtbogenleitblech einem Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket zur Löschung des Lichtbogens zugeführt wird, das von einer zusätzlich die Austrittsseite des Lichtbogenlöschblechpaketes abdeckenden und in diesem Bereich Gasaustrittsöffnungen aufweisenden Umhüllung umgeben ist.The invention relates to an arc extinguishing device, in particular for circuit breakers, with at least one fixed and at least one movable contact piece, between which e.g. in the event of a contact separation caused by a short-circuit current, an arc is drawn, which is fed via at least one arc guide plate connected to one of the contact pieces to an arc-extinguishing plate package for extinguishing the arc, which is surrounded by an envelope additionally covering the outlet side of the arc-extinguishing plate package and having gas outlet openings in this area .

Es ist bekannt (vergleiche DE-A2616825), die das Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket abschliessenden bzw. begrenzenden Lichtbogenlöschbleche wenigstens teilweise mit elektrisch isolierendem Material abzudecken, wobei das isolierende Material die Lichtbogenlöschbleche U-förmig abdeckt. Das offene Ende des U weist zu den Kontaktstücken hin und kann an seinem Grund eine Erweiterung aufweisen. Die Abdeckung kann auch durch eine Umhüllung erreicht werden, welche die Seitenbereiche und das obere und untere Löschblechpaket abdeckt.It is known (compare DE-A2616825) to cover the arc-quenching plate package that closes or delimits the arc-quenching plate package at least partially with electrically insulating material, the insulating material covering the arc-quenching plates in a U-shape. The open end of the U points towards the contact pieces and can have an extension at its base. The cover can also be achieved by a covering which covers the side areas and the upper and lower quenching plate package.

Eine Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art ist aus der DE-B 1 926 355 bekanntgeworden. Diese Einrichtung umfasst ein Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket, das von einer Umhüllung umgeben ist, die aus Kammerwänden und einer Siebplatte besteht. Die Siebplatte deckt die Austrittsseite des Lichtbogenlöschblechpaketes ab und besitzt in diesem Bereich Gasaustrittsöffnungen. Insgesamt ist die aus der DE-B 1 926355 bekannte Lichtbogenlöschkammer als sehr massives Gehäuse mit relativ dicken Wandstärken ausgebildet, das das Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket insgesamt, d.h. also vollständig umgibt, wobei die Lichtbogenlöschbleche mit ihren Kanten an der Innenwandung des Gehäuses satt anliegen, was auch für die Lichtbogenleitschienen gilt, die ebenfalls unmittelbar an der Innenwandung des Gehäuses angelegt sind. Nach vorne, also zur Kontaktstelle hin, ist das Gehäuse mit einem kammartigen Abschluss mit Fortsätzen versehen, die zwischen je zwei Lichtbogenlöschbleche eingreifen und eine bestimmte Form mit den Kanten besitzen.An arc extinguishing device of the type mentioned at the outset has become known from DE-B 1 926 355. This device comprises an arc-quenching plate packet, which is surrounded by an envelope consisting of chamber walls and a sieve plate. The sieve plate covers the exit side of the arc quenching plate package and has gas outlet openings in this area. Overall, the arc quenching chamber known from DE-B 1 926355 is designed as a very solid housing with relatively thick walls, which covers the arc quenching plate package as a whole, i.e. thus completely surrounds, the arc-quenching plates resting snugly with their edges on the inner wall of the housing, which also applies to the arc-guiding rails, which are likewise placed directly on the inner wall of the housing. Towards the front, i.e. towards the contact point, the housing is provided with a comb-like end with extensions which engage between two arc-quenching plates and have a specific shape with the edges.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, mit der eine weitere Verbesserung für den Lichtbogeneinlauf in das Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket und eine Reduzierung der Rückzündungsgefahr erzielt werden kann; ferner soll die Herstellbarkeit der Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung erheblich erleichtert werden.The object of the invention is to provide an arc extinguishing device of the type mentioned at the outset, with which a further improvement for the arc entry into the arc extinguishing sheet packet and a reduction in the risk of reignition can be achieved; furthermore, the manufacturability of the arc quenching device is to be made considerably easier.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass die Umhüllung U-förmig gestaltet ist, d.h. zwei die Schenkel des U bildende Platten und einen diese Platten miteinander verbindenden, mit den Gasaustrittsöffnungen versehenen Verbindungssteg aufweist, dass die beiden Platten - parallel zu den Lichtbogenlöschblechen verlaufend - das Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket zwischen sich nehmen und der Verbindungssteg über der Gasaustrittsseite des Lichtbogenlöschblechpaketes zu liegen kommt und dass die Platten in Lichtbogeneinlaufrichtung verlaufend längliche, ringsum geschlossene Ausnehmungen aufweisen, die derart gestaltet sind, dass im Eintrittsbereich des Lichtbogens in das Löschblechpaket ein quer zu der Lichtbogeneinlaufrichtung liegender Steg des Plattenmaterials verbleibt.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the casing is U-shaped, i.e. has two plates forming the legs of the U and a connecting web connecting these plates to one another and provided with the gas outlet openings, that the two plates - running parallel to the arc-quenching plates - take the arc-quenching plate package between them and the connecting web comes to lie over the gas-outlet side of the arc-quenching plate package and that the plates have elongated, all-round recesses running in the direction of the arc entry, which are designed such that a web of the plate material lying transversely to the direction of arc entry remains in the area of entry of the arc into the quenching plate package.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann dahingehen, dass der Steg an den Platten in Lichtbogeneinlaufrichtung nach innen versetzt ist, derart, dass an den Lichtbogeneinlaufseiten der Platten vor den Ausnehmungen jeweils ein nach vorn offener Ausschnitt entsteht.A further advantageous embodiment of the invention can be such that the web on the plates is offset inwards in the direction of the arc entry, in such a way that a cutout which is open to the front is created on the arc inlet sides of the plates in front of the recesses.

Zusätzlich besteht noch die Möglichkeit, die länglichen Ausnehmungen der Platten durch wenigstens einen weiteren quer zur Lichtbogeneinlaufrichtung liegenden Steg aus dem Plattenmaterial zu unterteilen.In addition, there is also the possibility of dividing the elongated recesses of the plates by at least one further web made of the plate material which lies transversely to the direction of arc entry.

Durch das Einbringen der Stege wird das Zurücklaufen der Lichtbogenfusspunkte auf den Lichtbogenleitschienen erschwert und damit eine Reduzierung der Rückzündungsgefahr erreicht. Die Lichtbogenwanderung wird unmittelbar nach der Kontakttrennung im wesentlichen durch das magnetische Blasfeld bewirkt, das durch die U-förmige Ausbildung der Stromzuführung zur Kontaktstelle erzeugt wird. Wenn der Lichtbogen in das Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket eingelaufen ist, dann sind magnetische, den Lichtbogen antreibende Kräfte nach wie vor vorhanden, jedoch wird das Plasma durch thermische Ausbreitung wieder zurück zur Kontaktstelle hingetrieben, so dass im Bereich der ursprünglichen Kontaktstelle Rückzündungen auch über die Lichtbogenlöschbleche erfolgen können, wenn die Stege nicht vorgesehen sind. Bei der erfindungsgemässen Ausführung wird das magnetische Feld, das durch die Stromführung zur Kontaktstelle gebildet wird, den Lichtbogen glatt und ohne weiteres über die Stege hinwegtreiben. Danach haben die Stege die Aufgabe, als thermische Barriere ein Überspringen des Lichtbogens nach hinten, d.h. zurück zur Kontaktstelle zu verhindern. Dies wird, wie sich herausgestellt hat, in jedem Fall erreicht und demgemäss wird der Lichtbogenfusspunkt an den äusseren Lichtbogenlöschblechen immer im Bereich der Ausnehmungen der Platten liegen bzw. bleiben, so dass die Rückzündungen sowohl an der Seite als auch im Bereich der Kontaktstelle vermieden und verhindert sind.The introduction of the webs makes it more difficult for the arc base points to run back on the arc guide rails, thus reducing the risk of reignition. The arc migration is essentially caused immediately after the contact separation by the magnetic blowing field, which is generated by the U-shaped design of the power supply to the contact point. If the arc has run into the arc quenching plate package, magnetic forces driving the arc are still present, but the plasma is driven back to the contact point by thermal expansion, so that in the area of the original contact point, reignitions can also take place via the arc quenching plates, if the bars are not provided. In the embodiment according to the invention, the magnetic field which is formed by the current supply to the contact point will drive the arc smoothly and easily over the webs. Afterwards, the webs have the task, as a thermal barrier, of jumping the arc backwards, i.e. to prevent back to the contact point. As has been found, this is achieved in any case and accordingly the arc base on the outer arc extinguishing plates will always lie or remain in the area of the recesses of the plates, so that the reignitions both on the side and in the area of the contact point are avoided and prevented are.

Zur weiteren Verbesserung der Lichtbogenführung im Bereich der Lichtbogenlöschbleche kann zwischen den beiden parallel zu den Lichtbogenlöschblechen verlaufenden Platten eine Zwischenplatte vorgesehen sein, deren Form den beiden Aussenplatten entspricht.To further improve the arc guidance in the area of the arc quenching plates, an intermediate plate can be provided between the two plates running parallel to the arc quenching plates, the shape of which corresponds to the two outer plates.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann dahingehen, dass die Gasaustrittsöffnungen als Schlitze oder als kreisförmige Öffnungen ausgebildet sind, die im Bereich zwischen den Lichtbogenlöschblechen liegen.A further embodiment of the invention can be such that the gas outlet openings are designed as slots or as circular openings which are in the area between the light bo gene extinguishers are lying.

Aufgrund dieser Massnahmen kann der Abluftquerschnitt wesentlich vergrössert und über die gesamte Fläche verteilt werden, so dass eine Wand am Gehäuse des Leitungsschutzschalters, wie bspw. bei der DE-B 1 926355, nicht mehr erforderlich ist.As a result of these measures, the exhaust air cross section can be significantly enlarged and distributed over the entire area, so that a wall on the housing of the circuit breaker, such as in DE-B 1 926355, is no longer necessary.

Es besteht ausserdem die Möglichkeit, die Umhüllung aus einem elektronegativ gasenden Material herzustellen; diese Ausführung bzw. Materialwahl unterstützt die Lichtbogenlöschfähigkeit des Lichtbogenlöschblechpaketes noch weiter. Anhand der Zeichnung, in der einige Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt sind, sollen die Erfindung sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Verbesserungen näher erläutert und beschrieben werden:

  • Es zeigt:
  • Figur 1 eine Lichtbogenlöschkammer in Seitenansicht, bei geöffnetem Gehäuse,
  • Figur 2 eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Umhüllung eines Lichtbogenlöschblechpaketes,
  • Figur 2a eine Ansicht, wie die Umhüllung in das Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket integriert ist,
  • Figur 3 eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer Umhüllung für Lichtbogenlöschblechpakete, ebenfalls in perspektivischer Darstellung,
  • Figur 3a eine Ansicht auf ein Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket gemäss Figur 2a, mit der Umhüllung gemäss Figur 3,
  • Figur 4 und 5 perspektivische Darstellungen weiterer Ausgestaltungen der Umhüllung für ein Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket.
There is also the possibility of producing the envelope from an electronegative gassing material; this design or choice of materials further supports the arc quenching capability of the arc quenching plate package. The invention and further advantageous refinements and improvements are to be explained and described in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which some exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown:
  • It shows:
  • FIG. 1 shows an arc quenching chamber in a side view, with the housing open,
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective illustration of a wrapping of an arc-extinguishing sheet stack,
  • FIG. 2a shows a view of how the covering is integrated in the arc-quenching plate package,
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a casing for arc-quenching plate packs, likewise in a perspective view,
  • FIG. 3a shows a view of an arc-quenching plate packet according to FIG. 2a, with the covering according to FIG. 3,
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are perspective representations of further refinements of the casing for an arc-quenching plate package.

Innerhalb eines Gehäuses 11 eines Leitungsschutzschalters befindet sich ein festes Kontaktstück 12 und ein bewegliches Kontaktstück 13, wobei das bewegliche Kontaktstück 13 um eine ortsfeste Achse 14 schwenkbar gelagert ist. Das feste Kontaktstück 12 geht über in ein erstes Lichtbogenleitblech 15. Parallel zu dem ersten Lichtbogenleitblech 15 ist ein zweites Lichtbogenleitblech 16 vorgesehen, welches mit dem beweglichen Kontaktstück 13 bzw. mit dem Kontakthebel 13 über eine Litzenverbindung 17 verbunden ist. Zwischen den beiden Lichtbogenleitblechen 15 und 16 befinden sich Lichtbogenlöschbleche 18, 19, 20, 21, welche in ihrer Anzahl verringert oder erhöht werden können, je nach dem welcher Strombegrenzungsgrad erreicht werden soll.A fixed contact piece 12 and a movable contact piece 13 are located within a housing 11 of a circuit breaker, the movable contact piece 13 being pivotably mounted about a fixed axis 14. The fixed contact piece 12 merges into a first arc guide plate 15. A second arc guide plate 16 is provided parallel to the first arc guide plate 15 and is connected to the movable contact piece 13 or to the contact lever 13 via a stranded connection 17. Between the two arc baffles 15 and 16 there are arc baffles 18, 19, 20, 21, the number of which can be reduced or increased, depending on the degree of current limitation that is to be achieved.

Bei einer Kontaktöffnung im Falle eines Kurzschlusses bildet sich zunächst ein Lichtbogen 221 aus, der direkt an der Stelle entsteht, an der sich die beiden Kontaktstücke 12 und 13 berühren. Dieser Lichtbogen wandert, beeinflusst durch die thermische und magnetische Eigenblasung, weiter und entfernt sich dabei von der Kontaktstelle; der eine Fusspunkt wandert das bewegliche Kontaktstück 13 und der andere Fusspunkt das Lichtbogenleitblech 15 entlang. Der Lichtbogen in seiner zweiten Stellung ist mit der Bezugsziffer 222 bezeichnet. Aufgrund des durch die Anordnung von festem und beweglichem Kontaktstück 12 bzw. 13 auftretenden magnetischen Blasfeldes wird der Lichtbogen in Pfeilrichtung A zu den Löschblechen 18 bis 21 getrieben und durch die magnetische Wirkung des Eisen-Löschblechpaketes in die Ausnehmung 22 der einzelnen Lichtbogenlöschbleche gezogen, bildet auf den einzelnen Blechen Fusspunkte und brennt dann zwischen den einzelnen Löschblechen. Der Lichtbogen hat dabei die Bezugsziffer 224. Für die Geschwindigkeit dieses Ablaufes ist neben der Gestaltung des Vorkammerraumes 220 (vergleiche Figur 1) und der Geometrie der Lichtbogenlöschbleche 18 bis 21 ganz wesentlich eine optimale Abluftführung durch die Ausbildung der Austrittsöffnungen (der Figur 1 ohne Bezeichnung) verantwortlich. Diese müssen so gestaltet sein, dass einerseits für den einlaufenden Lichtbogen möglichst wenig Gegendruck in der Kammer aufgebaut wird und andererseits sich die Einzellichtbögen an den Löschblechenden nicht kurzschliessen können, da sich dadurch eine Reduzierung der Lichtbogenspannung ergeben würde, die eine negative Auswirkung auf die Strombegrenzung hätte und damit der unerwünschten Wirkung von Rückzündungen gleichkommen würde.In the event of a contact opening in the event of a short circuit, an arc 221 is initially formed, which arises directly at the point at which the two contact pieces 12 and 13 touch. Influenced by the thermal and magnetic self-blowing, this arc moves further away from the contact point; One base point moves the movable contact piece 13 and the other base point along the arc guide plate 15. The arc in its second position is designated by reference number 222. Because of the arrangement of fixed and movable contact piece 12 or 13 magnetic blowing field, the arc is driven in the direction of arrow A to the quenching plates 18 to 21 and is drawn into the recess 22 of the individual arc quenching plates by the magnetic effect of the iron quenching plate package base points and then burns between the individual quenching plates. The arc has the reference number 224. For the speed of this process, in addition to the design of the prechamber space 220 (cf. FIG. 1) and the geometry of the arc extinguishing plates 18 to 21, optimal exhaust air routing through the formation of the outlet openings (FIG. 1 without designation) is very important. responsible. These must be designed in such a way that, on the one hand, as little counter pressure as possible is built up in the chamber for the incoming arc and, on the other hand, the individual arcs cannot short-circuit at the ends of the quenching plates, since this would result in a reduction in the arc voltage, which would have a negative effect on the current limitation and would equal the undesirable effects of reignition.

Damit nun Rückzündungen verhindert und die oben angeführte Lichtbogenspannungsreduzierung vermieden werden, ist das Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket von einer Umhüllung 30 umgeben. Diese Umhüllung 30 gemäss der Figur 2 ist U-förmig ausgebildet und besitzt eine obere und eine untere Platte 32 und 34, die auf die obere und untere Fläche des Lichtbogenlöschbleches 16 bzw. 21 aufgelegt wird. Diese beiden Platten sind mittels eines Verbindungssteges 36 miteinander verbunden, welcher Gasaustrittsöffnungen 38 besitzt. Die Platten 32 bzw. 34 weisen eine schlüssellochartig ausgebildete Ausnehmung 40 bzw. 42 auf, die in dem vorderen Bereich, also im Bereich des Eintritts des Lichtbogens in das Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket durch einen Steg bzw. eine Barriere 44 und 46 abgeschlossen sind. An diese Barriere schliesst sich ein annähernd rechteckiger Bereich 48 und 50 an, der in einer Erweiterung 52 und 54 endet bzw. einmündet, welcher Bereich 52 bzw. 54 eine elliptische oder annähernd elliptische Form (Figur 2) haben kann, deren längere Halbachse quer zur Längsachse des Bereiches 48 bzw. 54 ausgerichtet ist und parallel zu dem hinteren Steg 36 verläuft. In der Figur 2 ist das Deionblech 21 mit seinem Blechausschnitt 22 eingezeichnet, um anzudeuten, wie die Umhüllung gemäss der Figur 2 an das Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket angebracht wird.In order to prevent reignitions and to avoid the above-mentioned reduction in the arc voltage, the arc quenching plate packet is surrounded by a sheath 30. This envelope 30 according to FIG. 2 is U-shaped and has an upper and a lower plate 32 and 34 which are placed on the upper and lower surface of the arc-quenching plate 16 and 21, respectively. These two plates are connected to one another by means of a connecting web 36 which has gas outlet openings 38. The plates 32 and 34 have a keyhole-like recess 40 and 42, which are closed in the front region, that is in the region of the entry of the arc into the arc quenching plate package, by a web or a barrier 44 and 46. This barrier is adjoined by an approximately rectangular area 48 and 50, which ends or ends in an extension 52 and 54, which area 52 or 54 can have an elliptical or approximately elliptical shape (FIG. 2), the longer semi-axis of which is transverse to Longitudinal axis of the area 48 or 54 is aligned and runs parallel to the rear web 36. FIG. 2 shows the deion sheet 21 with its sheet cutout 22 in order to indicate how the covering according to FIG. 2 is attached to the arc quenching sheet packet.

In der Figur 2a ist dargestelllt, wie die Umhüllung in das Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket integriert ist, wobei der Lichtbogen, der gerade in das Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket einläuft, die Bezugsziffer 223 besitzt.FIG. 2a shows how the sheathing is integrated in the arc-quenching plate package, the arc that is just entering the arc-quenching plate package having the reference number 223.

In der Figur 3 ist eine ähnliche Ausgestaltung gezeigt wie in der Figur 2. Man erkennt eine Umhüllung mit einer oberen Platte 60 und einer unteren Platte 62, die mittels eines Verbindungssteges 64 miteinander verbunden sind, welcher Verbindungssteg mittels Schlitzen 66 perforiert ist. In den Platten 60 und 62 sind ebenfalls schlüssellochartige Ausnehmungen 68 und 70 eingebracht, die ähnlich den Ausnehmungen gemäss der Figur 2 sind. Anstatt die Stege unmittelbar an der vorderen Kante der Platten 60 und 62 anzuordnen, wie in der Ausgestaltung nach Figur 2, können die Stege 76, 78 nach hinten in Lichtbogenlaufrichtung versetzt sein, wie in der Figur 3 dargestellt, wodurch nach vorn hin offene, mit der Ausnehmung 68 und 70 fluchtende U-förmige Ausschnitte 80 und 82 gebildet sind. Anstatt ellipsenförmige Erweiterungen an der Ausnehmung vorzusehen (siehe Figur 2), können die Erweiterungen auch kreisförmig sein. Diese besitzen die Bezugsziffer 72 und 74.FIG. 3 shows a configuration similar to that in FIG. 2. An envelope with an upper plate 60 and a lower plate 62, which are connected to one another by means of a connecting web 64, which Ver binding web is perforated by means of slots 66. Keyhole-like recesses 68 and 70, which are similar to the recesses according to FIG. 2, are likewise made in the plates 60 and 62. Instead of arranging the webs directly on the front edge of the plates 60 and 62, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the webs 76, 78 can be offset to the rear in the arc running direction, as shown in FIG the recesses 68 and 70 are aligned U-shaped cutouts 80 and 82 are formed. Instead of providing elliptical extensions on the recess (see FIG. 2), the extensions can also be circular. These have the reference numbers 72 and 74.

Durch die Anordnung der Stege (76, 78) wird erreicht, dass die Fusspunkte des Lichtbogens 223 (Figur 2a) weiter in den Blechausschnitt bzw. in die Ausnehmung 22 eintreten können und damit die Säule des Lichtbogens 223 stärker der magnetischen Wirkung der Löschblechpakete 18 bis 21 ausgesetzt sind. Dadurch erfolgt ein schnellerer und sicherer Lichtbogeneinlauf.The arrangement of the webs (76, 78) ensures that the base points of the arc 223 (FIG. 2a) can enter further into the sheet metal cutout or into the recess 22 and thus the column of the arc 223 is more sensitive to the magnetic effect of the arc stack 18 to 21 are exposed. This results in a faster and safer arc entry.

Die Schlitze 66 sind so angeordnet, dass sie zwischen je zwei Lichtbogenlöschblechen liegen; sie sind dabei in zwei nebeneinanderliegenden Reihen übereinander angeordnet, wobei die Reihen parallel zueinander in Stapelrichtung nebeneinander verlaufen. Die Schlitze der sich gegenüberliegenden Reihen sind dabei so gegeneinander versetzt, dass ein Schlitz der einen Reihe im Bereich zwischen zwei Schlitzen der anderen Reihe liegt.The slots 66 are arranged such that they lie between two arc-quenching plates; they are arranged one above the other in two adjacent rows, the rows running parallel to one another in the stacking direction next to one another. The slots in the opposite rows are offset from one another in such a way that a slot in one row lies in the area between two slots in the other row.

Die Umhüllung ist so wie in der Figur 3a gezeigt in das Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket integriert. Die Anordnung ist dabei die gleiche wie bei derjenigen der Figur 2a.The sheathing is integrated into the arc quenching plate package as shown in FIG. 3a. The arrangement is the same as that of FIG. 2a.

Die Durchbrüche 38 gemäss der Figur 2 sind kreisförmig. Es besteht natürlich auch die Möglichkeit, wie in der Figur 3 dargestellt, die Durchbrüche als Schlitze 66 auszubilden; die Wirkung dieser schlitzartigen Austrittsöffnungen ist die gleiche wie die der kreisförmigen Durchbrechungen.The openings 38 according to FIG. 2 are circular. Of course, there is also the possibility, as shown in FIG. 3, of designing the openings as slots 66; the effect of these slot-like outlet openings is the same as that of the circular openings.

In der Figur 4 ist eine Umhüllung dargestellt, die der gemäss Figur 3 ähnlich ist; lediglich zwischen dem vorderen Steg 76 bzw. 78 und der kreisförmigen Erweiterung 72 bzw. 74 ist ein Zwischensteg 77 vorgesehen, durch den die Rückzündungsgefahr noch weiter verringert wird und zwar dadurch, dass die Lichtbogenfusspunkte auf den Leitschienen 15 und 16 abgeriegelt werden.FIG. 4 shows an envelope which is similar to that according to FIG. 3; only between the front web 76 or 78 and the circular extension 72 or 74 is an intermediate web 77 provided, by means of which the risk of reignition is reduced even further by the fact that the arc base points on the guide rails 15 and 16 are sealed off.

Die Figur 5 zeigt eine Ausgestaltung, die der der Figur 4 ähnlich ist. Die Umhüllung besitzt eine obere Platte 60 und eine untere Platte 62 mit den Stegen 76, 77 und 78. Zwischen den beiden Platten 60 und 62 ist eine Zwischenplatte 84 vorgesehen, die Stege 86 und Stege 88 besitzt, die den Stegen 76, 77 und 78 entsprechen. Im übrigen ist die Ausnehmung (ohne Bezugsziffer) in der gleichen Weise ausgestaltet wie diejenige gemäss den Figuren 3 und 4, die kreisförmige Erweiterung kann auch durch eine ellipsenförmige Erweiterung ähnlich Figur 2 ersetzt werden. Es besteht die Möglichkeit, die Platte 60 und die Platte 62 mit dem Bereich der Umhüllung der Austrittsseite des Lichtbogenlöschblechpaketes einstükkig zu verbinden; dann kann die Zwischenplatte 24 entweder lose in das Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket eingelegt werden oder in geeigneter Weise mit dem hinteren Bereich der Gasaustrittsseite verbunden werden. Durch die Anordnung der Zwischenplatte, die annähernd in der Mitte des Löschblechpaketes angeordnet sein sollte, wird eine noch weitere Verbesserung erzielt.FIG. 5 shows an embodiment which is similar to that of FIG. 4. The covering has an upper plate 60 and a lower plate 62 with the webs 76, 77 and 78. Between the two plates 60 and 62 there is an intermediate plate 84 which has webs 86 and webs 88 which have the webs 76, 77 and 78 correspond. Otherwise, the recess (without reference number) is designed in the same way as that according to FIGS. 3 and 4; the circular extension can also be replaced by an elliptical extension similar to FIG. 2. It is possible to connect the plate 60 and the plate 62 in one piece to the area of the envelope on the exit side of the arc-quenching plate package; then the intermediate plate 24 can either be inserted loosely into the arc-quenching plate packet or connected in a suitable manner to the rear area of the gas outlet side. A further improvement is achieved by arranging the intermediate plate, which should be arranged approximately in the middle of the quenching plate stack.

Die Umhüllung kann natürlich nicht nur bei Lichtbogenlöschblechen in einem Leitungsschutzschalter eingesetzt werden, sondern überall dort, wo Lichtbogenlöschbleche zum Löschen eines Lichtbogens bzw. zur Begrenzung eines Kurzschlussstromes verwendet werden. Dies kann bei Leistungsschaltern, bei Schützen und bei ähnlichen elektrischen Schaltgeräten der Fall sein.The sheath can of course not only be used for arc extinguishing plates in a circuit breaker, but wherever arc extinguishing plates are used to extinguish an arc or to limit a short-circuit current. This can be the case with circuit breakers, contactors and similar electrical switching devices.

Claims (6)

1. Arc-extinction device, in particular for an automatic cut-out, with at least one fixed (12) and at least one moveable (13) contact piece, between which, for example in the event of a contact separation caused by a short-circuit current, an arc (221, 222) is drawn, which is fed via at least one arc deflector (15) connected to one of the contact pieces (12, 13) to a bank of arc-extinction plates (18 to 21) in order to extinguish the arc, which is enclosed by a casing (30) additionally covering the exit side of the bank of arc-extinction plates (18 to 21) and having in this area gas emission openings (36, 38), characterised in that the casing (30) is designed as a U-shape, that is, it has two plates (32, 60; 34, 62) forming the legs of the U, and a connecting web (36, 64) which connects these plates together and which is provided with the gas emission openings (38, 66), that the two plates (32, 34; 60, 62) - running parallel to the arc-extinction plates - receive between them the bank of arc-extinction plates (18 to 21), and the connecting web (36, 64) comes into a position lying over the gas emission side of the bank of arc-extinction plates (18 to 21), and that the plates (32, 34; 60, 62) have elongated recesses (40, 42; 72, 74) closed on all sides and running in the direction of entry of the arc, the recesses (40, 42; 72, 74) being designed in such a way that a web (44, 46; 76, 78) made of plate material remains lying across the direction of entry of the arc at the area where the arc enters the bank of extinction plates (18to 21).
2. Device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the web (76, 78) at the plates (60, 62) is displaced inwards in the direction of entry of the arc in such a way that a notch (80, 82) which is open to the front is in each case developed at the arc entry sides of the plates (60, 62) in front of the recesses (72, 74).
3. Device according to Claim 2, characterised in that the elongated recesses of the plates are subdivided by at least one other web (77) formed of the plate material and lying across the direction of entry of the arc.
4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that an intermediate plate (84) is provided between the two plates running parallel to the arc-extinction plates, the form of the intermediate plate (84) corresponding to the two outer plates.
5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the gas emission openings are designed as slots or as circular openings which lie in the area between the arc-extinction plates.
6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the casing is formed of an electronegatively gassing material.
EP81108168A 1980-11-08 1981-10-10 Arc extinguishing device, in particular for an automatic cut out Expired EP0051756B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81108168T ATE13108T1 (en) 1980-11-08 1981-10-10 ARC EXTINGUISHING DEVICE, ESPECIALLY FOR A CIRCUIT BREAKER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803042168 DE3042168A1 (en) 1980-11-08 1980-11-08 CIRCUIT BREAKER
DE3042168 1980-11-08

Publications (2)

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EP0051756A1 EP0051756A1 (en) 1982-05-19
EP0051756B1 true EP0051756B1 (en) 1985-05-02

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ID=6116278

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81108168A Expired EP0051756B1 (en) 1980-11-08 1981-10-10 Arc extinguishing device, in particular for an automatic cut out

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EP (1) EP0051756B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE13108T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3042168A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD253323A1 (en) * 1986-10-06 1988-01-13 Hermsdorf Keramik Veb CIRCUIT BREAKERS
DE9004895U1 (en) * 1990-04-30 1990-06-28 Felten & Guilleaume Energietechnik AG, 5000 Köln Contact device for residual current circuit breaker
AT404770B (en) * 1993-01-27 1999-02-25 Felten & Guilleaume Ag Oester ARC EXTINGUISHING CHAMBER FOR SWITCHES
EP1313117B1 (en) 2001-11-16 2014-06-04 Abb Ag Arc quenching device for an electronic switch device
US8168911B2 (en) * 2008-09-19 2012-05-01 General Electric Company Circuit breaker with improved arc quenching
DE102010053507B4 (en) * 2010-12-04 2012-07-05 Abb Ag Installation switching device with an arc quenching device
DE102016223620A1 (en) * 2016-11-29 2018-05-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arc extinguishing device and electromechanical protection device

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1926355B1 (en) * 1969-05-23 1970-11-12 Siemens Ag Arc extinguishing chamber for low-voltage circuit breakers
DE2419656B2 (en) * 1974-04-24 1978-03-23 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Stack of extinguishing sheets, especially for circuit breakers, which is attached to an insulating material carrier
DE2616825C3 (en) * 1976-04-15 1981-07-02 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Circuit breaker
DE2716619C2 (en) * 1977-04-15 1979-05-03 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Current-limiting miniature circuit breaker with measures to increase the running speed of the switching arc side

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE13108T1 (en) 1985-05-15
EP0051756A1 (en) 1982-05-19
DE3042168C2 (en) 1989-03-02
DE3042168A1 (en) 1982-06-16

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