EP0051042A1 - Verfahren zum Brennen und Kühlen keramischer Produkte in einlagig besetzten Durchlaufwagenöfen - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Brennen und Kühlen keramischer Produkte in einlagig besetzten Durchlaufwagenöfen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0051042A1
EP0051042A1 EP81810356A EP81810356A EP0051042A1 EP 0051042 A1 EP0051042 A1 EP 0051042A1 EP 81810356 A EP81810356 A EP 81810356A EP 81810356 A EP81810356 A EP 81810356A EP 0051042 A1 EP0051042 A1 EP 0051042A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
firing
zone
cooling
furnace
realized
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81810356A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Aldo Rolla
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ker-Tiles SA
Original Assignee
Ker-Tiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ker-Tiles SA filed Critical Ker-Tiles SA
Publication of EP0051042A1 publication Critical patent/EP0051042A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace

Definitions

  • the invention refers to a process for the firing and cooling of ceramic products, particularly floor and wall tiles, in continuous tunnel kiln on a single layer car.
  • the invention also refers to a kiln car to carry out the process.
  • the product to be fired is arranged stacked in more than one layer and on cars which therefore present a notable load density and also require longer firing cycles.
  • a single layer of tiles is arranged on the car refractory surface.
  • the refractory.surface for the product to be fired is mounted at a considerable height relative to the car deck.
  • the burners are placed to the side in relation to the forward passage of the cars and mainly below the refractory surfaces of the cars on which the ceramic wares are layed.
  • a combustion chamber of large dimensions is required to obtain complete combustion, by means of solid fuel such as carbon, or liquid fuel such as gas oil or diesel oil, or gaseous fuel such as methane or the like.
  • Said known firing systems for ceramic products present various disadvantages, including e.g. that of necessitating the placement of the refractory surfaces carrying the load at a considerable distance from the car deck.
  • a second serious inconvenience of the known systems is that space existing between the surfaces carrying the lofd and the car deck, during the preheating phase, does not promote the heat exchange with the product to be fired.
  • this space constitutes a preferential route for the hot fumes, originating from the firing zone, to pass through the furnace to reach the exhaust point to the chimney, in the opposite direction to that of advancement of the cars.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to reduce the volume of space in a continuous tunnel with-single layer car to a maximum, that is, to limit as much as possible the distance between the surfaces carrying the load of material to be fired and the car deck.
  • Another object of the invention is to eliminate the necessity of supplying heat both above and below the surfaces, with resulting reduction of the height and weight of the supports of the mentioned surfaces carrying the load.
  • the described arrangements result in that the material to be fired is introduced into a furnace having preferably three zones, the first for prefiring, the second for firing and the third for cooling, and in which furnace the cars move forward with the surfaces carrying the load, realized in such a manner as to allow at least one longitudinal interspace, in the ceiling of the first zone being provided, in each longitudinal interspace, niches fitted with burners the gases coming form which are divided and deflected by means of deflectors from a fully vertical passage to two passages which are essentially horizontal and going in opposite directions; in the second zone the firing is realized by combustion gases which are fed in essentially horizontally and over the material to be fired together with the heat of the air originating form the third cooling zone; being also the distance between the ceiling in this third cooling zone and the car deck reduced to a very small amount.
  • the invention is shown in a nonlimiting embodiment in the attached drawing.
  • the continuous single layer tunnel furnace according to the invention is subdivided into two firing zones, the first F 1 for "prefiring” and the second F 2 for the "firing".
  • cars move forward, on which refractory surfaces carrying the load are realized in such a manner as to allow at least one interspace 3.
  • the combustion gases are divided by the deflector 6 into two opposite directions and are directed horizontally in such a manner as to impact with the refractory batts 2 carrying the load.
  • the "firing" section within the zone F 2 (Fig. 3) follows this first phase of preheating or preparation of the product.
  • a plurality of burners 7 which are arranged laterally and in a plane over the material to be fired. Burners 7 are situated within one or more staggered recesses 8 in the walls of the furnace.
  • the gases discharged at high velocity from said burners create a strong turbolence to complete the process of firing of the material.
  • Fig. 3 In Fig. 3 is shown an elevation 8 which includes burners 7 arranged laterally.
  • the burners 4 and 7 concur to reduce to the minimum the free cross section of the furnace both in prefiring zone F 1 and in cooling zone F 3 .
  • the inconvenience of having to place the refractory surfaces carrying the load at a great distance from the car deck, with the interposition of heavy supports of refractory material, is eliminated, which would have been unfavorable to an optimum heat exchange between the hot fumes and the material to be fired.
  • the above mentioned lowering of the refractory surface carrying the load with respect to the car deck presents particular advantages besides that provided for zone F 1 , especially for the cooling zone F 3 wherein only the quantity of air necessary to cool the product is injected into the furnace.
  • An optimum heat exchange is thus realized, with transfer of the heat from the product to the air, which passes into the firing zone at such a temperature as to not require a supplementary heat supply.
  • the remarkable lowering of the refractory surface carrying the load according to the present disclosure is possible only with the realization of a new type of kiln car, which can for example be realized with a height of only 50mm of the refractory surface carrying the load with respect to the car deck, while the minimum height for the konwn kiln cars is approximately 170mm.
  • the reduction is therefore on the order of 60%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
EP81810356A 1980-10-28 1981-08-31 Verfahren zum Brennen und Kühlen keramischer Produkte in einlagig besetzten Durchlaufwagenöfen Withdrawn EP0051042A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH8004/80 1980-10-28
CH800480 1980-10-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0051042A1 true EP0051042A1 (de) 1982-05-05

Family

ID=4333675

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81810356A Withdrawn EP0051042A1 (de) 1980-10-28 1981-08-31 Verfahren zum Brennen und Kühlen keramischer Produkte in einlagig besetzten Durchlaufwagenöfen

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0051042A1 (de)
JP (1) JPS57106566A (de)
BR (1) BR8106580A (de)
DD (1) DD202068A5 (de)
DK (1) DK472281A (de)
ES (1) ES8302282A1 (de)
PT (1) PT73654B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0659262A1 (de) * 1992-09-11 1995-06-28 Swindell Dressler International Company Ofenanlage für niedrige profile

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1562441A (en) * 1919-08-09 1925-11-24 Universal Optical Corp Apparatus for burning brick
US2137091A (en) * 1936-01-04 1938-11-15 Gen Motors Corp Tunnel kiln
FR1429299A (fr) * 1964-11-09 1966-02-25 Houilleres Bassin Du Nord Procédé de cuisson de matières céramiques chargées d'éléments combustibles, notamment de schistes houillers et appareillage destiné à la mise en oeuvre d'un tel procédé
FR2208514A5 (en) * 1972-11-29 1974-06-21 G I Tunnel kiln - with roof trolley return track

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1562441A (en) * 1919-08-09 1925-11-24 Universal Optical Corp Apparatus for burning brick
US2137091A (en) * 1936-01-04 1938-11-15 Gen Motors Corp Tunnel kiln
FR1429299A (fr) * 1964-11-09 1966-02-25 Houilleres Bassin Du Nord Procédé de cuisson de matières céramiques chargées d'éléments combustibles, notamment de schistes houillers et appareillage destiné à la mise en oeuvre d'un tel procédé
FR2208514A5 (en) * 1972-11-29 1974-06-21 G I Tunnel kiln - with roof trolley return track

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0659262A1 (de) * 1992-09-11 1995-06-28 Swindell Dressler International Company Ofenanlage für niedrige profile
EP0659262A4 (de) * 1992-09-11 1995-11-22 Swindell Dressler Int Ofenanlage für niedrige profile.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT73654B (fr) 1983-10-28
ES505602A0 (es) 1983-01-01
PT73654A (fr) 1981-10-01
DD202068A5 (de) 1983-08-24
ES8302282A1 (es) 1983-01-01
JPS57106566A (en) 1982-07-02
BR8106580A (pt) 1982-06-29
DK472281A (da) 1982-04-29

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Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19821012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19830901

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: ROLLA, ALDO