EP0047247A1 - Frein de secours - Google Patents
Frein de secoursInfo
- Publication number
- EP0047247A1 EP0047247A1 EP19800902190 EP80902190A EP0047247A1 EP 0047247 A1 EP0047247 A1 EP 0047247A1 EP 19800902190 EP19800902190 EP 19800902190 EP 80902190 A EP80902190 A EP 80902190A EP 0047247 A1 EP0047247 A1 EP 0047247A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- brake drum
- piston
- brake
- hydraulic fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
- B60T1/067—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels employing drum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D59/00—Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed
- F16D59/02—Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed spring-loaded and adapted to be released by mechanical, fluid, or electromagnetic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D2065/024—Braking members; Mounting thereof the braking surface being inclined with respect to the rotor's axis of rotation at an angle other than 90 degrees, e.g. comprising a conical rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2127/00—Auxiliary mechanisms
- F16D2127/02—Release mechanisms
- F16D2127/04—Release mechanisms for manual operation
Definitions
- This invention relates to emergency brakes of the type which are actuated by a failure of hydraulic power in order to apply a braking force to a rotating member such as the wheel of a vehicle.
- Emergency brakes of various types have long been used, particularly with respect to vehicles. Such brakes, conventionally, have utilized the manual actuation of the brake to apply a braking action in conjunction with at least a portion of the existing brake system of the vehicle. Such emergency brakes suffer from various deficiencies, such as a lack of braking if the component of the braking system which is common between the emergency brake and the conventional brake is inoperative for whatever reason. Furthermore, such brakes normally must be released by manual actuation, and, often, are left unreleased in operation.
- an emergency brake utilizes a rotatable drive shaft extending from a fixed axle, and a hollow brake drum, having an inner face, and which is connected to the rotatable shaft.
- a piston is fixed to the axle within the brake drum, and a movable cylinder of a generally frustoconical configuration and having an outer face which is generally complementary to the configuration of a portion of the brake drum inner face, is disposed between the piston and brake drum so as to be in contact with the piston and immediately adjacent the brake drum complementary inner face portion.
- Means are provided for normally urging the cylinder outer face against the brake drum complementary inner face, and means are provided for selectively initiating movement of the cylinder relative to the piston so as to move the cylinder outer face away from the brake drum complementary inner face.
- an emergency brake assembly 10 fitted on an axle 12 of a vehicle (not shown), the axle 12 being disposed within an axle tube 14.
- a hydraulic motor 16 is mounted on the end of the axle 12 by any conventional means so as to be fixed thereto.
- the hydraulic motor 16 has an output shaft 18 and a pair of hydraulic fluid couplings 20.
- Application of hydraulic fluid under pressure to these couplings 20 initiates and controls the direction of rotation of the output shaft 18.
- a drive hub 22 is mounted on the output shaft 18 and is keyed thereto by means of a key 24 disposed in a slot 26 formed in the hub 22.
- the key 24 also engages a slot (not shown) in the output shaft 18, and so causes the hub 22 to rotate in unison with the output shaft 18.
- the hub 22 is held on the output shaft 18 by means of a nut 28 which is threaded onto a threaded portion 30 of the output shaft 18.
- the nut 28 is fixed in position by means of a cotter pin 32, in conventional fashion.
- a wheel spacer 34 and an outwardly tapering hollow brake drum 36 are mounted on the hub 22.
- Wheel mounting bolt holes 38 extend through the wheel spacer 34 and brake drum 36 into the hub 18. The portions of the wheel mounting bolt holes 38 in the hub 18 are preferably threaded so that wheel mounting bolts (not shown) may engage the hub 22 and hold a wheel (not shown) and the wheel spacer 34 and brake drum 36 fixed in position with respect to the hub 22.
- a piston 40 is disposed within the brake drum 36 and is held fixed in position with respect to the hydraulic motor 16 by means of a backing plate 42 and mounting bolts 44.
- the mounting bolts 44 are of the conventional cap screw type and extend through the piston 40 and hydraulic motor 16 so as to engage threaded recesses 46 in the backing plate 42, thereby holding the piston 40 and backing plate 42 tightly against opposite sides of the hydraulic motor 16.
- a frustoconicial cylinder 48 having ah outer face 49, is disposed within the brake drum 36 between a complementary inner surface portion 36A thereof and the fixed piston 40.
- a plurality of loading springs 50 are disposed between the backing plate 42 and the cylinder 48.
- the cylinder 48 and backing plate 42 have opposing faces 48A, 42A, respectively, into which recesses 48B, 42B are formed so as to hold the loading springs 50 in position.
- the loading springs 50 urge the cylinder tapered outer face 49 agains the inner face 36A of the brake drum 36, thereby providing a braking action against the rotation of the hub 22.
- Hydraulic brake fluid under pressure is applied to the annular ring 52 through a hydraulic brake fluid passage 54, formed in the fixed piston 40, by means of a hydraulic brake fluid hose 56 and a hydraulic brake fluid fitting 58.
- a fluid seal for the annular ring 52 is provided by a pair of O-rings 60 and backup rings 62 disposed to either side of the annular ring 52.
- the ring 52 Upon application to the annular ring 52 of hydraulic brake fluid under appropriate pressure, the ring 52 expands laterally by the sliding of the cylinder 48 linearly along the piston 40 toward the backing plate 42, and thereby away from the inner face 36A of the brake drum, so as to release the emergency brake.
- the hydraulic fluid pressure applied must be sufficient to overcome the spring loading provided by the loading springs 50 in order to release the brake.
- the brake will remain applied.
- this automatic application of the brake until there is a selective application of hydraulic fluid above a pre-selected pressure to the hose 56, is desirable as a safety feature for the vehicle.
- the emergency brake is on.
- the emergency brake of the present invention includes a plurality of studs 64, only one of which is shown in the drawing, and locking nuts 66.
- the studs 64 threadably engage recesses 48C formed around the face 48A of the piston 48 and extend through, but do not threadably engage, the backing plate 42.
- the locking nuts 66 are threaded on the studs 64 externally of the backing plate 42. By rotation of the locking nuts 66 in the appropriate direction, the studs 64 are withdrawn further from the brake assembly 10 so as to pull the piston 48 toward the backing plate 42 against the urging of the loading springs 50.
- the locking nuts 66 have been rotated a sufficient number of turns to cause the piston 48 to clear the inner face 36A of the brake drum 36, the brake is released manually without respect to the application of hydraulic fluid.
- An important feature of the present invention is the utilization of the frustoconical cylinder to provide a tapered outer face for engagement with the complementary inner face portion of the brake drum.
- the angle of taper of the outer face, and therefore of the brake drum, are preferably selected with respect to the particular application of the brake of the present invention to provide maximum efficiency. For example, if, as is the case with many hydraulic motors, hydraulic fluid of a pressure of about 17.5 kilograms per square centimeter is utilized, then the angle of taper is selected with respect to such pressure and the braking force required, rather than providing a separate source of supply for the braking hydraulic fluid pressure.
- Such an embodiment for a heavy vehicle which required significant braking force, would preferably utilize a relatively small angle of taper, such as 10° to 15°, and consequently, the number of loading springs required and the energy stored by the industrial spring will be such as to enable the available hydraulic pressure to release the brake.
- the angle of taper can be increased, and greater numbers of springs and/or springs of greater capacities utilized to take advantage of the higher hydraulic fluid pressure available.
- the brake is used as a "dead man" brake, with the brake release pressure being generated by the equipment operator by hand or foot operated hydraulic master cylinder arrangements, so that the brake is released only so long as the operator generates the required hydraulic pressure in the separate release system.
- the emergency brake of the present invention has much broader applications.
- the brake can be used in wheeled vehicles in which the drive source is not located at the end of the axle, but rather is a single drive source driving shafts disposed within hollow axles, as, for example, in conventional automobiles.
- the driven member would correspond to the output shaft 18 of the drawing.
- the emergency brake limited to wheeled vehicles.
- all that is required for its adaptation for a particular use is a fixed member for attachment of the piston, cylinder and backing plate and a rotary member for attachment of the brake drum. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to utilization with hydraulic motors, or wheeled vehicles, and its scope is to be interpreted in accordance with the following claims.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
Un frein de secours (10) possede un cylindre conique tronque, mobile, arme par un ressort, (48) dont la surface externe conique (49) est normalement poussee contre une surface interne complementaire (36A) d'un tambour de frein (36) pour effectuer une action de freinage. Le frein est libere par application d'un fluide hydraulique sous pression sur une bague annulaire (52) formee entre la surface interne du cylindre (48) et un piston fixe (40) monte dans celui-ci. La force exercee par le fluide hydraulique depasse la poussee des ressorts (50) sur le cylindre (48) contre le tambour de frein (36) et deplace le cylindre (48) en l'eloignant de la surface interne du tambour de frein (36A), liberant ainsi le frein.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1980/000317 WO1981002614A1 (fr) | 1980-03-10 | 1980-03-10 | Frein de secours |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0047247A1 true EP0047247A1 (fr) | 1982-03-17 |
Family
ID=22154255
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19800902190 Withdrawn EP0047247A1 (fr) | 1980-03-10 | 1980-03-10 | Frein de secours |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0047247A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1981002614A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6273221B1 (en) | 1998-11-06 | 2001-08-14 | Nexen Group, Inc. | Servo-motor brake |
US6702070B2 (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2004-03-09 | Auburn Gear, Inc. | Integrated drive unit |
US8534431B2 (en) | 2010-07-21 | 2013-09-17 | Warn Industries, Inc. | Face tooth hydraulic piston brake |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3244405A (en) * | 1964-02-17 | 1966-04-05 | Aro Corp | Cable hoist brake |
DE1203621B (de) * | 1964-05-19 | 1965-10-21 | Leopold F Schmid | Doppelkonusbremse, insbesondere fuer Kraftfahrzeuge |
US3668878A (en) * | 1969-04-09 | 1972-06-13 | Brown & Root | Method and apparatus for laying pipelines |
US3586136A (en) * | 1969-09-12 | 1971-06-22 | Houdaille Industries Inc | Hydraulically releasable locking brakes for rotary devices |
US3831718A (en) * | 1972-11-24 | 1974-08-27 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Parking brake assembly for track-type vehicles |
US3863038A (en) * | 1973-06-26 | 1975-01-28 | Lambert & Brake Corp | Disc brake |
CH587140A5 (fr) * | 1974-02-05 | 1977-04-29 | Campagnolo Tullio | |
US4184573A (en) * | 1978-10-05 | 1980-01-22 | Walter Kidde & Company, Inc. | Double-acting disc brake having floating cylinder head |
-
1980
- 1980-03-10 EP EP19800902190 patent/EP0047247A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-03-10 WO PCT/US1980/000317 patent/WO1981002614A1/fr unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8102614A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1981002614A1 (fr) | 1981-09-17 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB NL SE |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19820519 |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: JACOBS, HARVEY C. |