EP0045682A1 - Antenna feed for a transmitting-receiving antenna - Google Patents

Antenna feed for a transmitting-receiving antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0045682A1
EP0045682A1 EP81401188A EP81401188A EP0045682A1 EP 0045682 A1 EP0045682 A1 EP 0045682A1 EP 81401188 A EP81401188 A EP 81401188A EP 81401188 A EP81401188 A EP 81401188A EP 0045682 A1 EP0045682 A1 EP 0045682A1
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Prior art keywords
polarization
duplexer
antenna
openings
frequency band
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Granted
Application number
EP81401188A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0045682B1 (en
Inventor
Nhu Bui Hai
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Thales SA
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Thomson CSF SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
    • H01P1/161—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/213—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies
    • H01P1/2131—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies with combining or separating polarisations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna transducer, comprising, in series from an access intended to be coupled to the radiating part of an antenna, a first polarization duplexer intended to work in a first frequency band, a transition element consisting of a variable section guide and a second polarization duplexer intended to work in a second frequency band.
  • the purpose of the invention is to significantly reduce the above drawbacks.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 are respectively a side diagram and a top diagram of an antenna transducer, the internal elements of which are shown by transparency.
  • This antenna transducer is designed to allow the operation of an antenna in transmission and in reception with a single access, E, for the transmission, a single access, R, for the reception and a common access, A, intended for be coupled to the primary source of an antenna by a polarizer.
  • the first polarization duplexer, 1, has a body constituted by a cylindrical guide, 10, with an internal diameter of 54 mm, one end of which constitutes the common access A and the other end of which is connected to the transition element 2.
  • This guide presents two openings lateral polarization, constituted by rectangular holes of 7 mm by 58 mm, drilled in its wall, at the same level but at 90 ° from each other.
  • Two rectangular guides, 11, 12, of 7 mm by 58 mm open into these openings; they comprise adjustment adjustment screws, such as 18 and 19 and, at their end where they terminate in the cylindrical guide 10, a pair (16a, 16b) of resonant dipoles; these dipoles consist of metallic "T" s with a 10 mm horizontal bar.
  • the guide 12 has its end opposite to the cylindrical guide which constitutes the reception access, R, of the antenna transducer.
  • a resistive load 17 of conventional type is placed in the guide 11, at the end opposite to the cylindrical guide 10, a resistive load 17 of conventional type is placed; in the case of the example described, this charge is made of a material sold under the brand DISARAL.
  • FIG. 3 shows in particular how the filter 13 is mounted: this filter consists of a crossed metal dipole, 13b, deposited on one. dielectric support, 13a, made of beryllium oxide, integral with the wall of the cylindrical guide 10 and perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the waves in this guide 10.
  • the dipole 13b has an overall dimension of 26 mm.
  • the transition element 2 is a guide in a circular truncated cone, the maximum internal diameter of which is 54 mm and the minimum internal diameter of 34 mm.
  • the second polarization duplexer according to FIGS. 1 and 2 has a body formed by a cylindrical guide, 30, with an internal diameter of 34 mm.
  • Two rectangular openings of 35 mm by 16 mm are drilled at 90 ° from each other in the side wall of the cylindrical guide 30.
  • In these openings terminate two rectangular guides, 31, 32, whose internal section is 35 mm by 16 mm; the walls of the guides 31, 32 are crossed by adaptation adjustment screws, such as 34, 35.
  • a resistive load, 33, of the same type as the resistive load 17 is placed in the guide 32, on the side of the end of this; guide opposite to the cylindrical guide 30.
  • the end of the guide 31 opposite to the opening of the cylindrical guide 30 constitutes the emission access, E, of the transducer.
  • the “T” dipoles, placed in the lateral openings of the guide 10 are calculated to resonate at the average emission frequency, they therefore constitute short circuits for the "emission” waves. These dipoles thus make it possible to perfect the emission-reception decoupling of the quasi-optical filters by letting the "reception” waves pass and by rejecting the "emission” waves.
  • the load 17 it plays the role of a "mode absorber” for the cross polarization of that received, due to parasitic reflections.
  • transition element "round guide-round guide", 2 allows a gradual passage from the section of the polarization duplexer 1 to the section of the polarization duplexer 3.
  • the resistive load 33 placed in the lateral guide 32 of the polarization duplexer 3 plays the role of a "mode absorber" for the cross polarization of that emitted.
  • This cross polarization arises by parasitic reflections at the level of the radiating part of the antenna: on the sub-reflector in the case, for example, of a Cassegrain antenna and at the level of the antenna horn.
  • the emitted wave initially rectilinear in the polarization duplexer 3 becomes circular, by example right circular after passing through the polarization coupling to the antenna, then is transformed into left circular polarization after reflection. It then returns to the polarizer and returns to the polarization duplexer 1 with a reverse polarization from its original polarization.
  • This reverse polarization wave if it was not absorbed by the resistive load 17, would deteriorate the ellipticity rate because it would be reflected on the short circuit formed by the quasi-optical filters and would be sent to the radiating part of the ' d ntenne with a certain phase shift on the original wave.
  • the transducer In combination with a polarizer and a horn with a low ellipticity rate, that is to say much less than 0.5 dB, the transducer which has just been described makes it possible to obtain a primary source with high purity of polarization. : less than 0.5 db.
  • This transducer was initially designed for antennas of earth stations of the Cassegrain type or with illumination by the hearth, these antennas being able to be moreover with symmetry of revolution or not.
  • FIG. 5 shows such an antenna.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows a Cassegrain antenna with symmetry of revolution, seen in section, with its horn 40, its hyperboloidal sub-reflector 41 and its main reflector 42 of paraboloidal shape; a polarizer 43, the role of which is to transform a field with rectilinear polarization into a field with circular polarization and vice versa, couples the radiating part of the antenna, 40, 41, 42, to an antenna transducer, 44, according to Figures 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 4 Another embodiment of an antenna transducer according to the invention is given in FIG. 4.
  • the antenna transducer shown in this figure is an antenna transducer with two transmission ports E 1 , E 2 and two pairs reception access RR ' 1 , R 2 R' 2 .

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Abstract

Transducteur d'antenne permettant, avec une antenne fonctionnant en polarisations orthogonales, d'atteindre une grande pureté de polarisation. Le transducteur comporte, à partir de son accès (A) destiné à être couplé à l'antenne: un premier duplexeur de polarisation (1) destiné à travailler en fréquences basses, un élément de transition entre guides (2) et un second duplexeur de polarisation (3) destiné à travailler en fréquences hautes. Un jeu de filtres quasi-optiques (13, 14, 15), situé dans le corps du premier duplexeur, fait court-circuit pour les fréquences basses et laisse passer les fréquences hautes. Des dipôles (16a, 16b) placés dans les ouvertures de polarisation du premier duplexeur font court-circuit pour les fréquences hautes.Antenna transducer allowing, with an antenna operating in orthogonal polarizations, to achieve a high purity of polarization. The transducer comprises, from its access (A) intended to be coupled to the antenna: a first polarization duplexer (1) intended to work at low frequencies, a transition element between guides (2) and a second duplexer polarization (3) intended to work at high frequencies. A set of quasi-optical filters (13, 14, 15), located in the body of the first duplexer, short-circuits the low frequencies and lets the high frequencies pass. Dipoles (16a, 16b) placed in the polarization apertures of the first duplexer short circuit for high frequencies.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un transducteur d'antenne, comportant, en série à partir d'un accès destiné à être couplé à la partie rayonnante d'une antenne, un premier duplexeur de polarisation destiné à travailler dans une première bande de fréquences, un élément de transition constitué d'un guide à section variable et un second duplexeur de polarisation destiné à travailler dans une seconde bande de fréquences.The present invention relates to an antenna transducer, comprising, in series from an access intended to be coupled to the radiating part of an antenna, a first polarization duplexer intended to work in a first frequency band, a transition element consisting of a variable section guide and a second polarization duplexer intended to work in a second frequency band.

Il est connu de réaliser de tels transducteurs d'antenne pour permettre à une antenne de fonctionner avec une grande pureté de polarisation ; les deux bandes de fréquences de ces transducteurs sont respectivement une bande-basse pour les fréquences de travail du premier duplexeur de polarisation et une bande-haute pour les fréquences de travail du second duplexeur de polarisation. Ces transducteurs connus ont leur premier duplexeur de polarisation qui comporte quatre accès latéraux de polarisation répartis à 90° les uns des autres et la séparation entre les fréquences des deux bandes se fait à l'aide d'une part de filtres passe-haut situés dans l'élément de transition et/ou dans le second duplexeur de polarisation et d'autre part de filtres passe-bas placés dans les guides d'onde latéraux aboutissant aux quatre accès latéraux du premier duplexeur de polarisation. Les filtres utilisés dans ces transducteurs d'antenne connus sont des filtres à deux ou trois cavités, réglables au moyen de plongeurs, c'est-à-dire de tiges susceptibles d'être plus ou moins enfoncées dans les cavités. De tels transducteurs d'antenne présentent différents inconvénients :

  • - ils sont chers du fait des filtres qu'ils utilisent,
  • - leurs bandes passantes d'émission et de réception sont relati- veinent faibles,
  • - des phénomènes de résonance ont tendance à se produire dans la bande de fréquences hautes, c'est-à-dire dans la bande des fréquences de travail du second duplexeur de polarisation.
It is known to produce such antenna transducers to allow an antenna to operate with high purity of polarization; the two frequency bands of these transducers are respectively a low band for the working frequencies of the first polarization duplexer and a high band for the working frequencies of the second polarization duplexer. These known transducers have their first polarization duplexer which has four lateral polarization ports distributed at 90 ° from one another and the separation between the frequencies of the two bands is done using a share of high-pass filters located in the transition element and / or in the second polarization duplexer and on the other hand low-pass filters placed in the lateral waveguides leading to the four lateral accesses of the first polarization duplexer. The filters used in these known antenna transducers are filters with two or three cavities, adjustable by means of plungers, that is to say rods capable of being more or less sunk into the cavities. Such antenna transducers have various drawbacks:
  • - they are expensive because of the filters they use,
  • - their transmission and reception bandwidths are relatively low,
  • - Resonance phenomena tend to occur in the high frequency band, that is to say in the working frequency band of the second polarization duplexer.

La présence invention a pour but de réduire notablement les inconvénients ci-avant.The purpose of the invention is to significantly reduce the above drawbacks.

Selon l'invention ceci est obtenu notamment par un filtrage moins cher et plus efficace et en réalisant pour cela un transducteur d'antenne tel qu'il est défini dans l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 4 ci- jointes.According to the invention this is obtained in particular by filtering less expensive and more efficient and by producing for this an antenna transducer as defined in any one of claims 1 and 4 attached.

La présente invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres caractéristiques apparaîtront à l'aide de la description ci-après et des figures s'y rapportant qui représentent :

  • - les figures 1 et 2 deux vues d'une première réalisation d'un transducteur d'antenne selon l'invention,
  • - la figure 3 une vue détaillée d'un des éléments des figures 1 et 2,
  • - la figure 4 une vue d'une seconde réalisation d'un transducteur d'antenne selon l'invention,
  • - la figure 5 une vue schématique d'une antenne comportant un transducteur selon l'invention, dans sa source primaire.
The present invention will be better understood and other characteristics will appear with the aid of the description below and of the figures relating thereto which represent:
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 two views of a first embodiment of an antenna transducer according to the invention,
  • FIG. 3 a detailed view of one of the elements of FIGS. 1 and 2,
  • FIG. 4 a view of a second embodiment of an antenna transducer according to the invention,
  • - Figure 5 a schematic view of an antenna comprising a transducer according to the invention, in its primary source.

Dans les différentes figures les éléments correspondants sont repérés par les mêmes symboles.In the various figures, the corresponding elements are identified by the same symbols.

Dans les figures 1, 2 et 4 les proportions ne sont pas exactement respectées dans le but de mieux montrer certains éléments.In Figures 1, 2 and 4 the proportions are not exactly respected in order to better show certain elements.

Les figures 1 et 2 sont respectivement un schéma de côté et un schéma de dessus d'un transducteur d'antenne dont les éléments internes sont représentés vus par transparence. Ce transducteur d'antenne est conçu pour permettre le fonctionnement d'une antenne en émission et en réception avec un seul accès, E, pour l'émission, un seul accès, R, pour la réception et un accès commun, A, destiné à être couplé à la source primaire d'une antenne par un polarisateur.Figures 1 and 2 are respectively a side diagram and a top diagram of an antenna transducer, the internal elements of which are shown by transparency. This antenna transducer is designed to allow the operation of an antenna in transmission and in reception with a single access, E, for the transmission, a single access, R, for the reception and a common access, A, intended for be coupled to the primary source of an antenna by a polarizer.

Le transducteur d'antenne selon les figures 1 et 2 comporte, en série, depuis son accès commun A :

  • - un premier duplexeur de polarisation, 1, (appelé orthomode tranducer ou O.M.T. dans la littérature anglo-saxonne)
  • - un élément de transition entre guides, 2,
  • - un second duplexeur de polarisation, 3.
The antenna transducer according to FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises, in series, from its common access A:
  • - a first polarization duplexer, 1, (called orthomode tranducer or OMT in Anglo-Saxon literature)
  • - a transition element between guides, 2,
  • - a second polarization duplexer, 3.

Le premier duplexeur de polarisation, 1, présente un corps constitué par un guide cylindrique, 10, de 54 mm de diamètre intérieur dont une extrémité constitue l'accès commun A et dont l'autre extrémité est reliée à l'élément de transition 2. Ce guide présente deux ouvertures latérales de polarisation, constituées par des trous rectangulaires de 7 mm par 58 mm, percés dans sa paroi, à un même niveau mais à 90° l'un de l'autre. Deux guides rectangulaires, 11, 12, de 7 mm par 58 mm débouchent dans ces ouvertures ; ils comportent des vis de réglage d'adaptation, telles que 18 et 19 et, à leur extrémité où ils aboutissent dans le guide cylindrique 10, une paire (16a, 16b) de dipôles résonnants ; ces dipôles sont constitués par des "T" métalliques de 10 mm de barre horizontale.The first polarization duplexer, 1, has a body constituted by a cylindrical guide, 10, with an internal diameter of 54 mm, one end of which constitutes the common access A and the other end of which is connected to the transition element 2. This guide presents two openings lateral polarization, constituted by rectangular holes of 7 mm by 58 mm, drilled in its wall, at the same level but at 90 ° from each other. Two rectangular guides, 11, 12, of 7 mm by 58 mm open into these openings; they comprise adjustment adjustment screws, such as 18 and 19 and, at their end where they terminate in the cylindrical guide 10, a pair (16a, 16b) of resonant dipoles; these dipoles consist of metallic "T" s with a 10 mm horizontal bar.

Le guide 12 a son extrémité opposée au guide cylindrique qui constitue l'accès réception, R, du transducteur d'antenne.The guide 12 has its end opposite to the cylindrical guide which constitutes the reception access, R, of the antenna transducer.

Dans le guide 11, à l'extrémité opposée au guide cylindrique 10, est placée une charge résistive 17 de type classique ; dans le cas de l'exemple décrit cette charge est réalisée en une matière commercialisée sous la marque DISARAL.In the guide 11, at the end opposite to the cylindrical guide 10, a resistive load 17 of conventional type is placed; in the case of the example described, this charge is made of a material sold under the brand DISARAL.

Dans le guide cylindrique 10, de l'autre côté des ouvertures latérales par rapport à l'accès commun A et à une distance de 19 mm de ces ouvertures latérales, est disposé un jeu de trois filtres quasi-optiques, identiques, 13, 14, 15. La figure 3 montre notamment comment est monté le filtre 13 : ce filtre est constitué par un dipôle métallique croisé, 13b, déposé sur un. support diélectrique, 13a, en oxyde de béryllium, solidaire de la paroi du guide cylindrique 10 et perpendiculaire à la direction de propagation des ondes dans ce guide 10. Le dipôle 13b a une dimension hors-tout de 26 mm.In the cylindrical guide 10, on the other side of the lateral openings with respect to the common access A and at a distance of 19 mm from these lateral openings, is disposed a set of three identical quasi-optical filters, 13, 14 , 15. FIG. 3 shows in particular how the filter 13 is mounted: this filter consists of a crossed metal dipole, 13b, deposited on one. dielectric support, 13a, made of beryllium oxide, integral with the wall of the cylindrical guide 10 and perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the waves in this guide 10. The dipole 13b has an overall dimension of 26 mm.

L'élément de transition 2 est un guide en tronc de cône circulaire dont le diamètre interne maximal est de 54 mm et le diamètre interne minimal de 34 mm.The transition element 2 is a guide in a circular truncated cone, the maximum internal diameter of which is 54 mm and the minimum internal diameter of 34 mm.

Le second duplexeur de polarisation selon les figures 1 et 2 présente, un corps constitué par un guide cylindrique, 30, de 34 mm de diamètre interne. Deux ouvertures rectangulaires de 35 mm par 16 mm sont percées à 90° l'une de l'autre dans la paroi latérale du guide cylindrique 30. Dans ces ouvertures aboutissent deux guides rectangulaires, 31, 32, dont la section interne est de 35 mm par 16 mm ; les parois des guides 31, 32 sont traversées par des vis de réglage d'adaptation, telles que 34, 35. Une charge résistive, 33, du même type que la charge résistive 17 est disposée dans le guide 32, du côté de l'extrémité de ce ; guide opposée au guide cylindrique 30. L'extrémité du guide 31 opposée à l'ouverture du guide cylindrique 30, constitue l'accès émission, E, du transducteur.The second polarization duplexer according to FIGS. 1 and 2 has a body formed by a cylindrical guide, 30, with an internal diameter of 34 mm. Two rectangular openings of 35 mm by 16 mm are drilled at 90 ° from each other in the side wall of the cylindrical guide 30. In these openings terminate two rectangular guides, 31, 32, whose internal section is 35 mm by 16 mm; the walls of the guides 31, 32 are crossed by adaptation adjustment screws, such as 34, 35. A resistive load, 33, of the same type as the resistive load 17 is placed in the guide 32, on the side of the end of this; guide opposite to the cylindrical guide 30. The end of the guide 31 opposite to the opening of the cylindrical guide 30 constitutes the emission access, E, of the transducer.

Le transducteur d'antenne selon les figures 1 et 2 est conçu pour fonctionner en émission avec une bande de fréquences comprise dans la bande des 6 GHz (c'est-à-dire la bande allant de 5,925 à 6,425 GHz) et en réception avec une bande de fréquences comprise dans la bande des 4 GHz (c'est-à-dire la bande allant de 3,7 à 4,2 GHz). Ce transducteur d'antenne fonctionne comme indiqué ci-après:

  • Les filtres quasi-optiques 13, 14, 15 ont été conçus pour se comporter comme des courts-circuits pour les ondes "réception" (4 GHz) et laisser passer les ondes "émission" (6 GHz). Le premier plan de court-circuit étant placé à 19 mm de l'ouverture où aboutit le guide 12, c'est-à-dire à environ
    Figure imgb0001
     ( λ: longueur d'onde moyenne dans la bande réception), l'énergie des ondes "réception" réfléchie par ce court-circuit se trouve sommée en phase, quand elle arrive dans le guide 12, avec l'énergie "réception" qui arrive directement dans ce guide, la diférence de trajet étant en effet de deux fois
    Figure imgb0002
     soit
    Figure imgb0003
The antenna transducer according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is designed to operate in transmission with a frequency band included in the 6 GHz band (that is to say the band going from 5.925 to 6.425 GHz) and in reception with a frequency band in the 4 GHz band (i.e. the band from 3.7 to 4.2 GHz). This antenna transducer works as shown below:
  • The quasi-optical filters 13, 14, 15 have been designed to behave like short circuits for "reception" waves (4 GHz) and to let "emission" waves (6 GHz) pass. The first short-circuit plane being placed 19 mm from the opening where the guide 12 terminates, that is to say approximately
    Figure imgb0001
     (λ: average wavelength in the reception band), the energy of the "reception" waves reflected by this short-circuit is summed in phase, when it arrives in the guide 12, with the "reception" energy which arrives directly in this guide, the path difference being in fact twice
    Figure imgb0002
     is
    Figure imgb0003

Les dipôles en "T", placés dans les ouvertures latérales du guide 10 sont calculés pour résonner à la fréquence moyenne d'émission, ils constituent donc des courts-circuits pour les ondes "émission". Ces dipôles permettent ainsi de parfaire le découplage émission-réception des filtres quasi-optiques en laissant passer les ondes "réception" et en rejetant les ondes "émission". Quant à la charge 17, elle joue le rôle d'un "absorbeur de mode" pour la polarisation croisée de celle reçu, due à des réflexions parasites.The "T" dipoles, placed in the lateral openings of the guide 10 are calculated to resonate at the average emission frequency, they therefore constitute short circuits for the "emission" waves. These dipoles thus make it possible to perfect the emission-reception decoupling of the quasi-optical filters by letting the "reception" waves pass and by rejecting the "emission" waves. As for the load 17, it plays the role of a "mode absorber" for the cross polarization of that received, due to parasitic reflections.

L'élément de transition "guide rond-guide rond", 2, permet un passage progressif de la section du duplexeur de polarisation 1 à la section du duplexeur de polarisation 3.The transition element "round guide-round guide", 2, allows a gradual passage from the section of the polarization duplexer 1 to the section of the polarization duplexer 3.

La charge résistive 33 disposée dans le guide latéral 32 du duplexeur de polarisation 3, joue le rôle d'un "absorbeur de mode" pour la polarisation croisée de celle émise. Cette polarisation croisée prend naissance par réflexions parasites au niveau de la partie rayonnante de l'antenne : sur le sub-réflecteur dans le cas, par exemple, d'une antenne Cassegrain et au niveau du cornet d'antenne. Ainsi l'onde émise, initialement rectiligne dans le duplexeur de polarisation 3, devient circulaire, par exemple circulaire droite après passage dans le polariseur de couplage à l'antenne, puis est transformée en polarisation circulaire gauche après réflexion. Elle repasse alors dans le polariseur et revient vers le duplexeur de polarisation 1 avec une polarisation inverse de sa polarisation d'origine. Cette onde à polarisation inverse, si elle n'était pas absorbée par la charge résistive 17, détériorerait le taux d'ellipticité car elle se réfléchirait sur le court-circuit constitué par les filtres quasi-optiques et serait envoyée vers la partie rayonnante de l'dntenne avec un certain déphasage sur l'onde d'origine.The resistive load 33 placed in the lateral guide 32 of the polarization duplexer 3 plays the role of a "mode absorber" for the cross polarization of that emitted. This cross polarization arises by parasitic reflections at the level of the radiating part of the antenna: on the sub-reflector in the case, for example, of a Cassegrain antenna and at the level of the antenna horn. Thus the emitted wave, initially rectilinear in the polarization duplexer 3, becomes circular, by example right circular after passing through the polarization coupling to the antenna, then is transformed into left circular polarization after reflection. It then returns to the polarizer and returns to the polarization duplexer 1 with a reverse polarization from its original polarization. This reverse polarization wave, if it was not absorbed by the resistive load 17, would deteriorate the ellipticity rate because it would be reflected on the short circuit formed by the quasi-optical filters and would be sent to the radiating part of the ' d ntenne with a certain phase shift on the original wave.

En association avec un polariseur et un cornet de faible taux d'ellipticité, c'est-à-dire très inférieur à 0,5 dB, le transducteur qui vient d'être décrit permet d'obtenir une source primaire à grande pureté de polarisation : inférieure à 0,5 db. Ce transducteur a été conçu initialement pour des antennes de stations terriennes de type Cassegrain ou à illumination par le foyer, ces antennes pouvant d'ailleurs être à symétrie de révolution ou non.In combination with a polarizer and a horn with a low ellipticity rate, that is to say much less than 0.5 dB, the transducer which has just been described makes it possible to obtain a primary source with high purity of polarization. : less than 0.5 db. This transducer was initially designed for antennas of earth stations of the Cassegrain type or with illumination by the hearth, these antennas being able to be moreover with symmetry of revolution or not.

La figure 5 montre une telle antenne. La figure 5 montre schématiquement une antenne Cassegrain à symétrie de révolution, vue en coupe, avec son cornet 40, son sub-réflecteur de forme hyperboloidale 41 et son réflecteur principal 42 de forme paraboloidale ; un polariseur 43, dont le rôle est de transformer un champ à polarisation rectiligne en un champ à polarisation circulaire et vice-versa, couple la partie rayonnante de l'antenne, 40, 41, 42, à un transducteur d'antenne, 44, selon les figures 1 et 2.Figure 5 shows such an antenna. FIG. 5 schematically shows a Cassegrain antenna with symmetry of revolution, seen in section, with its horn 40, its hyperboloidal sub-reflector 41 and its main reflector 42 of paraboloidal shape; a polarizer 43, the role of which is to transform a field with rectilinear polarization into a field with circular polarization and vice versa, couples the radiating part of the antenna, 40, 41, 42, to an antenna transducer, 44, according to Figures 1 and 2.

Un autre exemple de réalisation d'un transducteur d'antenne selon l'invention est donné par la figure 4. Le transducteur d'antenne représenté sur cette figure est un transducteur d'antenne à deux accès émission E1, E2 et deux paires d'accès réception R R'1, R 2 R'2.Another embodiment of an antenna transducer according to the invention is given in FIG. 4. The antenna transducer shown in this figure is an antenna transducer with two transmission ports E 1 , E 2 and two pairs reception access RR ' 1 , R 2 R' 2 .

Le montage selon la figure 4 comporte, comme le montage selon les figures 1 et 2, trois pdrties, à partir de l'accès A destiné à être couplé, par un polariseur, à la partie rayonnante d'une antenne :

  • - un premier duplexeur de polarisation 1 comportant un guide circulaire 10 avec des filtres quasi-optiques 13, 14, 15 et des ouvertures latérales de polarisation dans chacune desquelles est diposée une paire de dipôles en "T" telles que 16a, 16b, 16d ; un guide latéral d'accès 11, Il', 12, 12' aboutit dans chacune de ces ouvertures ldtérales,
  • - un élément de transition "guide rond-guide rond" 2,
  • - et un second suplexeur de polarisation 3 à deux guides latéraux d'accès 31, 32.
The arrangement according to FIG 4 comprises, as the mounting of Figures 1 and 2, three of p rties, from port A to be coupled, by a polarizer, to the radiating part of an antenna:
  • - A first polarization duplexer 1 comprising a circular guide 10 with quasi-optical filters 13, 14, 15 and lateral polarization openings in each of which is provided a pair of "T" dipoles such as 16a, 16b, 16d; a lateral guide access 11, It ', 12, 12' results in each of these openings the térales d,
  • a transition element "round guide-round guide" 2,
  • - And a second polarization suplexer 3 with two lateral access guides 31, 32.

Les différences avec le transducteur d'antenne selon les figures 1 et 2 proviennent de ce que

  • - le guide 10 du premier duplexeur de polarisation ne présente pas deux mais quatre ouvertures latérales à 90° les unes des autres,
  • - les guides latéraux 11, 11', 12, 12' débouchant dans les quatre ouvertures latérales du guide 10 ne comportent aucune charge résistive et sont regroupés par paires d'accès opposés R1-R'1, R2-R'2; à l'aide d'un Té magique et de guides de raccordement non représentés pour ne pas surcharger la figure et parce qu'un tel montage est classique ; un accès réception en polarisation verticale et un accès réception en polarisation horizontale sont ainsi disponibles respectivement sur les deux Tés magiques de ces regroupements
  • - Le guide latéral 32 du second duplexeur de polarisation 3, comme le guide latéral 31, ne comporte aucune charge résistive et constitue un deuxième accès émission, E2, du transducteur d'antenne; le premier accès émission, E1 correspond à l'accès E des figures 1 et 2 et est destiné à transmettre des onde rectilignes, à polarisation orthogonale des ondes transmises par l'accès E2.
The differences with the antenna transducer according to Figures 1 and 2 stem from the fact that
  • the guide 10 of the first polarization duplexer does not have two but four lateral openings at 90 ° from one another,
  • - The lateral guides 11, 11 ', 12, 12' opening into the four lateral openings of the guide 10 have no resistive load and are grouped by pairs of opposite accesses R 1 -R ' 1 , R 2 -R'2; using a magic tee and not shown connection guides so as not to overload the figure and because such an assembly is conventional; a reception access in vertical polarization and a reception access in horizontal polarization are thus available respectively on the two magic Tees of these groupings
  • - The lateral guide 32 of the second polarization duplexer 3, like the lateral guide 31, does not include any resistive load and constitutes a second transmission access, E 2 , of the antenna transducer; the first transmission access, E 1 corresponds to the access E of FIGS. 1 and 2 and is intended to transmit rectilinear waves, with orthogonal polarization of the waves transmitted by the access E 2 .

En association avec un polariseur et un cornet amenant un taux d'ellipticité très inférieur à 0,5 dB, le transducteur d'antenne selon la figure 4 permet de réaliser une source à grande pureté de polarisation (moins de 0,5 dB) avec des fréquences d'émission et de réception choisies comme suit :

  • - fréquences de réception prise dans la bande des 4 GHz : 3,7 - 4,2 GHz
  • - fréquences d'émission prises dans la bande des 6 GHz : 5,925 - 6,425 GHz.
In combination with a polarizer and a horn providing an ellipticity rate much less than 0.5 dB, the antenna transducer according to FIG. 4 makes it possible to produce a source with high purity of polarization (less than 0.5 dB) with transmit and receive frequencies chosen as follows:
  • - reception frequencies taken in the 4 GHz band: 3.7 - 4.2 GH z
  • - transmission frequencies taken in the 6 GHz band: 5.925 - 6.425 GHz.

Claims (6)

1. Transducteur d'antenne, comportant, en série, un premier duplexeur de polarisation (1) destiné à travailler dans une première bande de fréquences, un élément de transition (2) constitué d'un guide à section variable et un second duplexeur de polarisation (3) destiné à travailler dans une seconde bande de fréquences, le premier duplexeur de polarisation comportant un guide d'ondes principal (10) ayant une première extrémité (A) destinée à être couplée à la partie rayonnante d'une antenne, une seconde extrémité couplée à l'élément de transition et deux ouvertures latérales de polarisation, et deux guides auxiliaires (11, 12) aboutissant respectivement aux deux ouvertures latérales, caractérisé en ce que des dipôles (16a, 16b) résonnant à la fréquence moyenne de la seconde bande de fréquences sont placés dans les deux ouvertures latérales, en ce qu'une charge résistive (17) est placée dans l'un des deux guides auxiliaires, en ce qu'un jeu (13, 14, 15) de n filtres (n entier au moins égal à 1) est placé dans le guide d'ondes principal du premier duplexeur de polarisation, entre la seconde extrémité et les deux ouvertures latérales, à une distance des deux ouvertures latérales d'environ 4 ( longueur d'onde moyenne dans la première bande de fréquences) et en ce que les n filtres font court-circuit pour la première bande de fréquences.1. Antenna transducer, comprising, in series, a first polarization duplexer (1) intended to work in a first frequency band, a transition element (2) consisting of a variable section guide and a second duplexer of polarization (3) intended to work in a second frequency band, the first polarization duplexer comprising a main waveguide (10) having a first end (A) intended to be coupled to the radiating part of an antenna, a second end coupled to the transition element and two lateral polarization openings, and two auxiliary guides (11, 12) leading respectively to the two lateral openings, characterized in that dipoles (16a, 16b) resonating at the average frequency of the second frequency band are placed in the two lateral openings, in that a resistive load (17) is placed in one of the two auxiliary guides, in that a set (13, 14, 15) of n filters ( n integer at least equal al to 1) is placed in the main waveguide of the first polarization duplexer, between the second end and the two lateral openings, at a distance from the two lateral openings of approximately 4 (average wavelength in the first band frequency) and in that the n filters short-circuit for the first frequency band. 2. Transducteur d'antenne selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, le second duplexeur de polarisation (3) comportant un guide d'ondes principal (30) à deux ouvertures de polarisation et deux guides auxiliaires (31, 32) aboutissant respectivement aux deux ouvertures de polarisation du guide d'ondes principal du second duplexeur, une charge résistive (33) est placée dans l'un des deux guides auxiliaires (32) du second duplexeur tandis que l'autre de ces deux guides auxiliaires (31) du second duplexeur sert d'accès (E) pour les ondes de la seconde bande de fréquences.2. antenna transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, the second polarization duplexer (3) comprising a main waveguide (30) with two polarization openings and two auxiliary guides (31, 32) terminating respectively at the two polarization openings of the main waveguide of the second duplexer, a resistive load (33) is placed in one of the two auxiliary guides (32) of the second duplexer while the other of these two auxiliary guides (31) of the second duplexer serves as access (E) for the waves of the second frequency band. 3. Transducteur d'antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les filtres sont des filtres quasi-optiques constitués chacun par un dipôle métallique (13b) déposé sur un support diélectrique plan (13a) disposé dans le guide d'ondes principal (10) du premier duplexeur de polarisation, perpendiculairement à la direction de propagation des ondes dans le guide d'ondes principal du premier duplexeur de polarisation.3. antenna transducer according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the filters are quasi-optical filters each consisting of a metal dipole (13b) deposited on a planar dielectric support (13a) disposed in the guide main wave (10) of the first duplexer polarization, perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation in the main waveguide of the first polarization duplexer. 4. Transducteur d'antenne, comportant, en série, un premier duplexeur de polarisation (1) destiné à travailler dans une première bande de fréquences, un élément de transition (2) constitué d'un guide à section variable et un second duplexeur de polarisation (3) destiné à travailler dans une seconde bande de fréquences, le premier duplexeur de polarisation comportant un guide d'ondes principal (10) ayant une première extrémité (A) destinée à être couplée à la partie rayonnante d'une antenne, une seconde extrémité couplée à l'élément de transition et quatre ouvertures latérales de polarisation, caractérisé en ce que des dipôles (16a, 16b, 16d) résonnant à la fréquence moyenne de la seconde bande de fréquences sont placés dans les quatre ouvertures latérales, en ce qu'un jeu (13, 14, 15) de n filtres (n entier au moins égal à Ï) est placé dans le premier duplexeur de polarisation, entre les quatre ouvertures latérales et la seconde extrémité, à une distance des quatre ouvertures latérales d'environ
Figure imgb0004
 ( λ: longueur d'onde moyenne dans la première bande de fréquences) et en ce que les n filtres font court-circuit pour la première bande de fréquences.4. An antenna transducer, comprising, in series, a first polarization duplexer (1) intended to work in a first frequency band, a transition element (2) consisting of a variable section guide and a second duplexer of polarization (3) intended to work in a second frequency band, the first polarization duplexer comprising a main waveguide (10) having a first end (A) intended to be coupled to the radiating part of an antenna, a second end coupled to the transition element and four lateral polarization openings, characterized in that dipoles (16a, 16b, 16d) resonating at the average frequency of the second frequency band are placed in the four lateral openings, in that that a set (13, 14, 15) of n filters (n integer at least equal to Ï) is placed in the first polarization duplexer, between the four lateral openings and the second end, at a distance from the four lateral openings about
Figure imgb0004
 (λ: average wavelength in the first frequency band) and in that the n filters short circuit for the first frequency band. 5. Transducteur d'antenne selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que, le second duplexeur de polarisation (3) comportant un guide d'ondes principal (30) à deux ouvertures de polarisation et deux guides auxiliaires (31, 32) aboutissant respectivement aux deux ouvertures de polarisation du guide d'ondes principal du second duplexeur, les deux guides auxiliaires du second duplexeur de polarisation servent respectivement d'accès (E , E2) pour deux ondes à polarisations orthogonales l'une par rapport à l'autre.5. An antenna transducer according to claim 4, characterized in that the second polarization duplexer (3) comprising a main waveguide (30) with two polarization openings and two auxiliary guides (31, 32) terminating respectively at the two polarization openings of the main waveguide of the second duplexer, the two auxiliary guides of the second polarization duplexer respectively serve as access (E, E 2 ) for two waves with polarizations orthogonal to one another . 6. Transducteur d'antenne selon l'une des revendications 4 et 5, caractérisé en ce que les filtres sont des filtres quasi-optiques constitués chacun par un dipôle métallique (13b) déposé sur un support diélectrique plan (13a) disposé dans le guide d'ondes principal (10) du premier duplexeur de polarisation, perpendiculairement à la direction de propagation des ondes dans le guide d'ondes principal du premier duplexeur de polarisation.6. antenna transducer according to one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the filters are quasi-optical filters each constituted by a metal dipole (13b) deposited on a planar dielectric support (13a) disposed in the guide main wave (10) of the first polarization duplexer, perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation in the main wave guide of the first polarization duplexer.
EP81401188A 1980-07-31 1981-07-24 Antenna feed for a transmitting-receiving antenna Expired EP0045682B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81401188T ATE9521T1 (en) 1980-07-31 1981-07-24 FEEDING ARRANGEMENT FOR A TRANSMIT/RECEIVE ANTENNA.

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FR8016920 1980-07-31
FR8016920A FR2488055A1 (en) 1980-07-31 1980-07-31 ANTENNA TRANSDUCER FOR EMISSION-RECEPTION ANTENNA AND PRIMARY ANTENNA SOURCE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH TRANSDUCER

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EP0045682A1 true EP0045682A1 (en) 1982-02-10
EP0045682B1 EP0045682B1 (en) 1984-09-19

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EP (1) EP0045682B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5753103A (en)
AT (1) ATE9521T1 (en)
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FR (1) FR2488055A1 (en)

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FR2524209A1 (en) * 1982-03-25 1983-09-30 Italiana Esercizio Telefon WAVEGUIDED DEVICE CAPABLE OF SEPARATING DUAL BAND AND DUAL POLARIZATION RADIO FREQUENCY SIGNALS
EP0096461A2 (en) * 1982-06-04 1983-12-21 Andrew A.G. Microwave systems
FR2529392A1 (en) * 1982-06-25 1983-12-30 Thomson Csf MULTIPLEXING DEVICE FOR GROUPING TWO FREQUENCY BANDS AND MULTIPLEXER COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE
FR2598034A1 (en) * 1986-04-28 1987-10-30 Alcatel Espace HYPERFREQUENCY ROTATING JOINT DEVICE
FR2603742A1 (en) * 1986-09-08 1988-03-11 Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh ANTENNA DRIVER FOR AT LEAST TWO DIFFERENT FREQUENCY BANDS
EP0468620A2 (en) * 1990-07-26 1992-01-29 Space Systems / Loral, Inc. Dual band frequency reuse antenna

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JPS5857803A (en) * 1981-09-30 1983-04-06 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Primary radiator
JPS5927601U (en) * 1982-08-13 1984-02-21 日本電気株式会社 orthogonal polarization splitter
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DE3439413A1 (en) * 1984-10-27 1986-04-30 kabelmetal electro GmbH, 3000 Hannover ANTENNA EXTENSION FOR AT LEAST TWO DIFFERENT FREQUENCY BANDS
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US4783639A (en) * 1985-11-21 1988-11-08 Hughes Aircraft Company Wideband microwave diplexer including band pass and band stop resonators
FR2593644B1 (en) * 1986-01-28 1988-03-11 Alcatel Espace POLARIZATION AND FREQUENCY DUPLEXER DEVICE WITH THREE ACCESSES.
JPS6464401A (en) * 1987-09-04 1989-03-10 Nec Corp Axial ratio compensator
JPH046601U (en) * 1990-05-02 1992-01-22
US5162808A (en) * 1990-12-18 1992-11-10 Prodelin Corporation Antenna feed with selectable relative polarization
US5959591A (en) * 1997-08-20 1999-09-28 Sandia Corporation Transverse electromagnetic horn antenna with resistively-loaded exterior surfaces
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US6943744B1 (en) 2003-07-09 2005-09-13 Patriot Antenna Systems, Inc. Waveguide diplexing and filtering device
US7469131B2 (en) * 2004-09-14 2008-12-23 Nokia Corporation Terminal and associated transducer assembly and method for selectively transducing in at least two frequency bands
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Also Published As

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FR2488055A1 (en) 1982-02-05
DE3166182D1 (en) 1984-10-25
US4410866A (en) 1983-10-18
ATE9521T1 (en) 1984-10-15
FR2488055B1 (en) 1984-07-13
EP0045682B1 (en) 1984-09-19
JPS5753103A (en) 1982-03-30
JPS6355801B2 (en) 1988-11-04

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