EP0045255B1 - Compressor cooling device for a thermal compression machine, and thermal compression machine provided with such a device - Google Patents

Compressor cooling device for a thermal compression machine, and thermal compression machine provided with such a device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0045255B1
EP0045255B1 EP81401186A EP81401186A EP0045255B1 EP 0045255 B1 EP0045255 B1 EP 0045255B1 EP 81401186 A EP81401186 A EP 81401186A EP 81401186 A EP81401186 A EP 81401186A EP 0045255 B1 EP0045255 B1 EP 0045255B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
tube
cooling device
compression machine
thermal compression
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81401186A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0045255A3 (en
EP0045255A2 (en
Inventor
Joel Crespin
Adrien Grollier-Baron
Daniel Drevet
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Lunite Hermetique SA
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Lunite Hermetique SA
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Publication date
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Priority to AT81401186T priority Critical patent/ATE4838T1/en
Publication of EP0045255A2 publication Critical patent/EP0045255A2/en
Publication of EP0045255A3 publication Critical patent/EP0045255A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0045255B1 publication Critical patent/EP0045255B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M5/00—Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricant; Lubrication means facilitating engine starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/20—Cooling circuits not specific to a single part of engine or machine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/006—Cooling of compressor or motor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for cooling the compressor of a thermal compression machine and more particularly to a means of starting this device of the thermo-siphon type.
  • a conventional compression thermal machine comprises in series a compressor, a condenser, a pressure reducer and an evaporator, connected together by tubes to form a closed circuit traversed by a fluid.
  • the fluid undergoes variations in pressure and temperature throughout this closed circuit. Compressed by the compressor, it liquifies inside the condenser, then, after passing through the regulator, it evaporates in the evaporator.
  • a compression thermal machine can operate as a refrigerator or a heat pump.
  • the fluid evaporates in the evaporator providing cold to the environment which surrounds it, and becomes liquid in the condenser by borrowing cold from the environment which surrounds it.
  • the fluid evaporates in the evaporator by borrowing heat from the medium which surrounds it and is liquidated in the condenser by restoring heat to the medium which surrounds it.
  • this cooling circuit is constituted by a thermo-siphon comprising an evaporator immersed in the oil of the compressor in thermal contact with the casing thereof, and a condenser , connected together by two tubes to form a closed circuit traversed by a fluid.
  • the fluid When the thermo-siphon is primed, the fluid, by evaporating in the evaporator, borrows heat from the oil of the compressor, which is the desired goal, and returns it to the external medium by liquefying in the condenser .
  • the present invention relates to a priming device allowing the immediate priming of the thermo-siphon as soon as the installation is put into service.
  • thermosiphon type which comprises an evaporator immersed in the oil of the compressor and a condenser connected to the evaporator by an ascending tube and a descending tube, being characterized in that a portion at less of the ascending tube is subjected to the action of an auxiliary heat source distinct from the compressor casing and allowing the instantaneous priming of the thermosiphon as soon as the compressor starts up.
  • the auxiliary heat source is at least a portion of the compressor discharge tube.
  • a portion of the rising tube of the cooling device is placed in close contact with a portion of the discharge tube of the compressor.
  • a conventional compression thermal machine comprising in series a compressor 1, a condenser 2, a regulator 3, and an evaporator 4, connected together by tubes to form a closed circuit traversed by a fluid.
  • the compressor 1 is connected to the condenser 2 by its delivery tube 5 and to the evaporator 4 by its suction tube 6.
  • This drawing also shows a compressor cooling circuit comprising an evaporator 7 immersed in the oil contained in the compressor casing (the oil being shown in dotted lines), and a condenser 8, connected together by an ascending tube. 9 and by a downward tube 10, to form a thermo-siphon also traversed by a fluid.
  • the ascending tube 9 is connected to the upper part of the condenser 8, and the descending tube 10 to its lower part. In this way the circuit of the cooling and asymmetrical fluid and the fluid tends to circulate naturally under the effect of the thermo-siphon produced by density variations due to temperature variations along its path.
  • thermo-siphon tends to initiate with a significant delay in the starting time of the compressor.
  • this compressor operates cyclically, under the control, for example, of the refrigerator thermostat, the thermo-siphon barely has time to start before the compressor stops. It then operates nominally for only a few moments and then stops in turn. As a result, the cooling it provides is irregular and poor.
  • the piping 5 in which the hot gases leaving the compressor circulate is brought into intimate contact over a certain length, with the ascending piping 9 in which the cooling fluid heated by the compressor circulates. 'it cools.
  • the pipe 5 therefore strongly heats the pipe 9 and therefore the coolant. Under this effect it tends to rise immediately and forcefully towards the top of the condenser 8 because care has been taken to place the path of the pipe 9 above the compressor 1 and with a positive slope.
  • a frank and immediate priming of the thermo-siphon is obtained. This can then properly cool the compressor as soon as it is started.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de refroidissement du compresseur d'une machine thermique à compression et plus particulièrement un moyen d'amorçage de ce dispositif du type thermo-siphon.The present invention relates to a device for cooling the compressor of a thermal compression machine and more particularly to a means of starting this device of the thermo-siphon type.

Une machine thermique à compression classique comporte en série un compresseur, un condenseur, un détendeur et un évaporateur, reliés entre eux par des tubes pour former un circuit fermé parcouru par un fluide.A conventional compression thermal machine comprises in series a compressor, a condenser, a pressure reducer and an evaporator, connected together by tubes to form a closed circuit traversed by a fluid.

Le fluide subit tout au long de ce circuit fermé des variations de pression et de température. Comprimé par le compresseur, il se liquifie à l'intérieur du condenseur, puis, après son passage à travers le détendeur, il s'évapore dans l'évaporateur.The fluid undergoes variations in pressure and temperature throughout this closed circuit. Compressed by the compressor, it liquifies inside the condenser, then, after passing through the regulator, it evaporates in the evaporator.

Suivant les conditions d'utilisation, une machine thermique à compression peut fonctionner en réfrigérateur ou en pompe à chaleur.Depending on the conditions of use, a compression thermal machine can operate as a refrigerator or a heat pump.

Lorsque la machine thermique fonctionne en réfrigérateur, le fluide s'évapore dans l'évaporateur en fournissant du froid au milieu qui l'entoure, et se liquifie dans le condenseur en empruntant du froid au milieu qui l'entoure.When the thermal machine works in a refrigerator, the fluid evaporates in the evaporator providing cold to the environment which surrounds it, and becomes liquid in the condenser by borrowing cold from the environment which surrounds it.

Lorsque la machine thermique fonctionne en pompe à chaleur, le fluide s'évapore dans l'évaporateur en empruntant de la chaleur au milieu qui l'entoure et se liquifie dans le condenseur en restituant de la chaleur au milieu qui l'entoure.When the heat engine operates as a heat pump, the fluid evaporates in the evaporator by borrowing heat from the medium which surrounds it and is liquidated in the condenser by restoring heat to the medium which surrounds it.

Afin d'éviter un échauffement trop important du compresseur, on est conduit à équiper ce compresseur d'un circuit de refroidissement. Selon un mode de réalisation décrit dans le US-A-2300005, ce circuit de refroidissement est constitué par un thermo-siphon comportant un évaporateur immergé dans l'huile du compresseur en contact thermique avec l'enveloppe de celui-ci, et un condenseur, reliés entre eux par deux tubes pour former un circuit fermé parcouru par un fluide.To avoid overheating of the compressor, it is necessary to equip this compressor with a cooling circuit. According to an embodiment described in US-A-2300005, this cooling circuit is constituted by a thermo-siphon comprising an evaporator immersed in the oil of the compressor in thermal contact with the casing thereof, and a condenser , connected together by two tubes to form a closed circuit traversed by a fluid.

Lorsque le thermo-siphon est amorcé, le fluide, en s'évaporant dans l'évaporateur, emprunte de la chaleur à l'huile du compresseur, ce qui est le but recherché, et la restitue au milieu extérieur en se liquifiant dans le condenseur.When the thermo-siphon is primed, the fluid, by evaporating in the evaporator, borrows heat from the oil of the compressor, which is the desired goal, and returns it to the external medium by liquefying in the condenser .

Lors de la mise en marche du compresseur, il se produit une période transitoire au cours de laquelle l'évaporation du fluide contenu dans le thermo-siphon n'est pas encore à son maximum, l'évaporation n'atteignant son maximum que lorsque le compresseur atteint son régime permanent, la température de l'huile étant alors sensiblement égale à celle du compresseur.When the compressor is started, a transient period occurs during which the evaporation of the fluid contained in the thermo-siphon is not yet at its maximum, the evaporation only reaching its maximum when the compressor reaches its steady state, the oil temperature then being substantially equal to that of the compressor.

Par conséquent, lors de la mise en marche du compresseur, le refroidissement du compresseur n'est assuré que progressivement.Consequently, when the compressor is started, the compressor is only cooled gradually.

Or, pour maintenir le compresseur, et par suite l'ensemble de l'installation, dans de bonnes conditions de fonctionnement, on a intérêt à ce que, dès la mise en marche du compresseur, celui-ci soit refroidi dans des conditions optimales.However, to maintain the compressor, and therefore the entire installation, in good operating conditions, it is advantageous that, as soon as the compressor is started, it is cooled under optimal conditions.

De plus, le fonctionnement cyclique de la machine à compression est préjudiciable à un maintien du thermo-siphon dans des conditions de fonctionnement optimales.In addition, the cyclic operation of the compression machine is detrimental to maintaining the thermo-siphon in optimal operating conditions.

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif d'amorçage permettant l'amorçage immédiat du thermo-siphon dès la mise en service de l'installation.The present invention relates to a priming device allowing the immediate priming of the thermo-siphon as soon as the installation is put into service.

Suivant l'invention, un dispositif de refroidissement du compresseur d'une machine thermique à compression, le compresseur, placé dans un bain d'huile contenu dans une enveloppe hermétique, étant muni d'un tube de refoulement et d'un tube d'aspiration, ce dispositif de refroidissement, du type thermo- siphon, qui comporte un évaporateur immergé dans l'huile du compresseur et un condenseur relié à l'évaporateur par un tube ascendant et un tube descendant, étant caractérisé en ce qu'une portion au moins du tube ascendant est soumis à l'action d'une source de chaleur auxiliare distincte de l'enveloppe du compresseur et permettant l'amorçage instanté du thermo- siphon dès la mise en fonctionnement du compresseur.According to the invention, a device for cooling the compressor of a thermal compression machine, the compressor, placed in an oil bath contained in a hermetic envelope, being provided with a delivery tube and a tube suction, this cooling device, of the thermosiphon type, which comprises an evaporator immersed in the oil of the compressor and a condenser connected to the evaporator by an ascending tube and a descending tube, being characterized in that a portion at less of the ascending tube is subjected to the action of an auxiliary heat source distinct from the compressor casing and allowing the instantaneous priming of the thermosiphon as soon as the compressor starts up.

Egalement suivant l'invention, la source de chaleur auxiliaire est une portion au moins du tube de refoulement du compresseur.Also according to the invention, the auxiliary heat source is at least a portion of the compressor discharge tube.

Egalement suivant l'invention, une portion du tube ascendant du dispositif de refroidissement est placé en contact étroit avec une portion du tube de refoulement du compresseur.Also according to the invention, a portion of the rising tube of the cooling device is placed in close contact with a portion of the discharge tube of the compressor.

La présente invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description détaillée d'un mode de réalisation pris comme exemple non limitatif et illustré par le dessin annexé.The present invention will be better understood with the aid of the detailed description of an embodiment taken as a nonlimiting example and illustrated by the appended drawing.

Sur ce dessin est représentée schématiquement une machine thermique à compression classique comportant en série un compresseur 1, un condenseur 2, un détendeur 3, et un évaporateur 4, reliés entre eux par des tubes pour former un circuit fermé parcouru par un fluide. Le compresseur 1 est rellé au condenseur 2 par son tube de refoulement 5 et à l'évaporateur 4 par son tube d'aspiration 6.In this drawing is shown schematically a conventional compression thermal machine comprising in series a compressor 1, a condenser 2, a regulator 3, and an evaporator 4, connected together by tubes to form a closed circuit traversed by a fluid. The compressor 1 is connected to the condenser 2 by its delivery tube 5 and to the evaporator 4 by its suction tube 6.

Sur ce dessin est également représenté un circuit de refroidissement du compresseur comportant un évaporateur 7 immergé dans l'huile contenue dans le carter du compresseur (l'huile étant représentée en traits pointillés), et un condenseur 8, reliés entre eux par un tube ascendant 9 et par un tube descendant 10, pour former un thermo-siphon parcouru également par un fluide.This drawing also shows a compressor cooling circuit comprising an evaporator 7 immersed in the oil contained in the compressor casing (the oil being shown in dotted lines), and a condenser 8, connected together by an ascending tube. 9 and by a downward tube 10, to form a thermo-siphon also traversed by a fluid.

Le tube ascendant 9 est connecté à la partie supérieure du condenseur 8, et le tube descendant 10 à sa partie inférieure. De cette manière le circuit du fluide de refroidissement et dissymétrique et le fluide tend à circuler naturellement sous l'effet du thermo-siphon produit par les variations de densité dues aux variations de température le long de son trajet.The ascending tube 9 is connected to the upper part of the condenser 8, and the descending tube 10 to its lower part. In this way the circuit of the cooling and asymmetrical fluid and the fluid tends to circulate naturally under the effect of the thermo-siphon produced by density variations due to temperature variations along its path.

Dans les dispositifs, connus, de refroidissement de ce type, le thermo-siphon tend à s'amorcer avec un retard important sur le moment de mise en route du compresseur. En effet, comme ce compresseur fonctionne de manière cyclique, sous la commande par exemple du thermostat du réfrigérateur, le thermo-siphon a à peine le temps de s'amorcer avant que le compresseur ne s'arrête. Il fonctionne alors de manière nominale pendant seulement quelques instants puis s'arrête à son tour. De ce fait, le refroidissement qu'il procure est irrégulier et médiocre.In known cooling devices of this type, the thermo-siphon tends to initiate with a significant delay in the starting time of the compressor. In fact, as this compressor operates cyclically, under the control, for example, of the refrigerator thermostat, the thermo-siphon barely has time to start before the compressor stops. It then operates nominally for only a few moments and then stops in turn. As a result, the cooling it provides is irregular and poor.

Afin de pallier cet inconvénient, dans le dispositif suivant, on met en contact intime, sur une certaine longueur, la tuyauterie 5 où circulent les gaz chauds sortant du compresseur, avec la tuyauterie ascendante 9 où circule le fluide de refroidissement réchauffé par le compresseur qu'il refroidit. La tuyauterie 5 réchauffe donc fortement la tuyauterie 9 et donc de fluide de refroidissement. Sous cet effet celui-çi tend à monter immédiatement et avec force vers le sommet du condenseur 8 car on a pris soin de placer le trajet du tuyau 9 au-dessus du compresseur 1 et avec une pente positive. On obtient ainsi dès la mise en marche du compresseur un amorçage franc et immédiat du thermo-siphon. Celui-çi peut alors refroidir correctement le compresseur dès la mise en route de celui-çi.In order to overcome this drawback, in the following device, the piping 5 in which the hot gases leaving the compressor circulate is brought into intimate contact over a certain length, with the ascending piping 9 in which the cooling fluid heated by the compressor circulates. 'it cools. The pipe 5 therefore strongly heats the pipe 9 and therefore the coolant. Under this effect it tends to rise immediately and forcefully towards the top of the condenser 8 because care has been taken to place the path of the pipe 9 above the compressor 1 and with a positive slope. As soon as the compressor is started, a frank and immediate priming of the thermo-siphon is obtained. This can then properly cool the compressor as soon as it is started.

On remarque que ce transfert de chaleur à cet endroit ne nuit pas au fonctionnement du circuit principal de machine thermique. En effet, les gas chauds provenant du compresseur doivent être refroidis pour se liquifier dans le condenseur 2 et le refroidissement préalable au niveau du contact avec le tube 9 ne fait qu'augmenter cet effet. De même l'apport supplémentaire de chaleur dans le circuit de refroidissement ne perturbe pas celui-çi compte-tenu des ordres de grandeur des organes utilisés.Note that this heat transfer at this location does not affect the operation of the main circuit of the thermal machine. In fact, the hot gases coming from the compressor must be cooled in order to liquidate in the condenser 2 and the prior cooling at the level of contact with the tube 9 only increases this effect. Similarly, the additional supply of heat in the cooling circuit does not disturb this given the orders of magnitude of the organs used.

Un bon moyen pour assurer le contact intime entre les tuyaux 5 et 9 consiste à les souder entre eux. Pour les réfrigérateurs domestiques, une soudure sur une longueur d'environ 10 cm s'est montrée optimale.A good way to ensure intimate contact between pipes 5 and 9 is to weld them together. For domestic refrigerators, a weld over a length of about 10 cm has been found to be optimal.

Claims (6)

1. Device for cooling the compressor of a thermal compression machine, said compressor (1) being placed into an oil bath contained within a sealed envelope, being provided with a suction tube (6) and an exhaust tube (5), said cooling device being of thermosiphon type and comprising an evaporator (7) immerged into the oil of the compressor (1) and a condensor (8) connected to the evaporator (7) through a rising tube (9) and a falling tube (10), characterized in that at least a portion of the rising tube (9) is subjected to the action of an auxiliary heat source distinct from the envelope of the compressor (1) and allowing momentary starting of the thermosiphon immediately after the compressor has started to operate.
2. Cooling device in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary heat source is at least a portion of the exhaust tube (5) of compressor (1).
3. Cooling device in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that a portion of the rising tube (9) is arranged in close contact with a portion of the exhaust tube (5) of the compressor (1) in a manner to assure a satisfactory thermal exchange between the exhaust tube (5) forming a heat source and the rising tube (9).
4. Cooling device in accordance with claim 3, characterized in that these portions of the rising tube (9) and of the exhaust tube (5) are soldered to each other.
5. Thermal compression machine operating as a refrigerator, characterized in that it comprises a cooling device in accordance with any of claims 1 to 4.
6. Thermal compression machine operating as a heat pump, characterized in that it comprises a cooling device in accordance with any of claims 1 to 4.
EP81401186A 1980-07-29 1981-07-24 Compressor cooling device for a thermal compression machine, and thermal compression machine provided with such a device Expired EP0045255B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81401186T ATE4838T1 (en) 1980-07-29 1981-07-24 DEVICE FOR COOLING THE COMPRESSOR OF A COMPRESSION HEATING MACHINE AND A COMPRESSION HEATING MACHINE WITH SUCH DEVICE.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8016713A FR2487960A1 (en) 1980-07-29 1980-07-29 PRIMING DEVICE FOR COMPRESSOR COOLING CIRCUIT OF COMPRESSION THERMAL MACHINE, AND THERMAL COMPRESSION MACHINE COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE
FR8016713 1980-07-29
US06/333,882 US4377938A (en) 1980-07-29 1981-12-23 Device for cooling the compressor of a thermal machine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0045255A2 EP0045255A2 (en) 1982-02-03
EP0045255A3 EP0045255A3 (en) 1982-06-09
EP0045255B1 true EP0045255B1 (en) 1983-09-28

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EP81401186A Expired EP0045255B1 (en) 1980-07-29 1981-07-24 Compressor cooling device for a thermal compression machine, and thermal compression machine provided with such a device

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US (1) US4377938A (en)
EP (1) EP0045255B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2487960A1 (en)

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JPS5915783A (en) * 1982-07-19 1984-01-26 株式会社東芝 Cooling device for compressor of refrigerator
JPS6171608A (en) * 1984-09-17 1986-04-12 Toshiba Corp Superconductive device
US6067804A (en) * 1999-08-06 2000-05-30 American Standard Inc. Thermosiphonic oil cooler for refrigeration chiller
JP4018443B2 (en) * 2002-05-13 2007-12-05 株式会社前川製作所 Thermosiphon chiller refrigerator for cold regions
US7600390B2 (en) * 2004-10-21 2009-10-13 Tecumseh Products Company Method and apparatus for control of carbon dioxide gas cooler pressure by use of a two-stage compressor
CN102056459A (en) * 2009-10-30 2011-05-11 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 Liquid-cooling heat radiating device
CN106796065A (en) * 2014-09-09 2017-05-31 开利公司 Chiller compressor oil regulation
CN109028653A (en) * 2018-08-21 2018-12-18 夏汉林 Wind-cooling type heat pump unit

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Publication number Publication date
FR2487960A1 (en) 1982-02-05
FR2487960B1 (en) 1984-05-04
US4377938A (en) 1983-03-29
EP0045255A3 (en) 1982-06-09
EP0045255A2 (en) 1982-02-03

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