EP0043987A1 - Apparatus for the continuous casting of metal in a closed gating system - Google Patents

Apparatus for the continuous casting of metal in a closed gating system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0043987A1
EP0043987A1 EP81105098A EP81105098A EP0043987A1 EP 0043987 A1 EP0043987 A1 EP 0043987A1 EP 81105098 A EP81105098 A EP 81105098A EP 81105098 A EP81105098 A EP 81105098A EP 0043987 A1 EP0043987 A1 EP 0043987A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
continuous
metal
spout
pouring
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Granted
Application number
EP81105098A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0043987B1 (en
Inventor
Wilfried Dr. Heinemann
Theodor Prof. Rummel
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SMS Concast AG
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Concast Holding AG
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Priority to AT81105098T priority Critical patent/ATE6476T1/en
Publication of EP0043987A1 publication Critical patent/EP0043987A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/01—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths without moulds, e.g. on molten surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/045—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for horizontal casting
    • B22D11/047—Means for joining tundish to mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D39/00—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations
    • B22D39/003—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations using electromagnetic field

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for the continuous casting of metal in a closed pouring system, the metal being poured through a refractory distributor spout into a continuous mold connected to it.
  • the metal When continuously casting metal with a continuous mold, the metal can be fed in an open or in a closed pouring system.
  • Vertical and curved continuous casting plants are usually operated with an open pouring system, i.e. there is no connection between the distribution vessel and the continuous mold.
  • Horizontal continuous casting plants are almost exclusively built with a closed pouring system, whereby refractory parts of the distributor vessel are connected to the pouring side of the continuous mold.
  • the closed pouring system has the following advantages over the open pouring system. Contact of the cast metal with atmospheric oxygen between the distribution vessel and the continuous mold is excluded. A bath level regulation in the mold is not necessary.
  • a horizontal continuous casting installation is known from DE-OS 1 558 224, in which a distributor vessel is connected to a water-cooled mold.
  • the metal flows from the tundish into the mold without venting, the flow speed being regulated by the pull-out speed of the strand. It was found that the liquid metal begins to solidify not just in the mold, but already in the area of the connection level between the mold and the distributor vessel outlet opening, which leads to metal welds on the wall of the distributor vessel spout and as a result of that from the extraction rollers on the Exerted train leads to cracks in the already solidified Btrang circumference. This causes a considerable disturbance in the casting process and considerable material defects in the finished product.
  • a horizontal continuous casting process is also known, in which the metal is passed from a distributor vessel into the mold via a refractory, nozzle-like, widening connecting line.
  • the liquid metal is subjected to electromagnetic forces in this nozzle-like connecting line, which cause acceleration in the direction of flow on the circumference of the metal strand.
  • the metal flow preformed and accelerated in the nozzle-like extension should create a free annular space in the suddenly expanded mold cross-section, whereby a stable meniscus is to be favored.
  • the device for generating the electromagnetic forces along the nozzle-like connecting line corresponds to a stator of a linear motor.
  • a neutral gas under pressure which is at least equal to the maximum ferrostatic pressure in this area, is introduced into the free annular space via a plurality of slots.
  • these complex process steps such as the application of an axial acceleration of the melt in the connecting line and the pressurization in the annular space, malfunctions in the annular space cannot be completely avoided when the line is at a standstill or when the strand extraction movement changes.
  • the injected inert gas can be entrained by the moving strand because of the lower ferrostatic pressure on the top side of the strand compared to the bottom side of the strand. On the one hand, this can produce additional disturbances in the annulus and, on the other hand, strand faults, in particular on the strand surface.
  • the welds already mentioned can occur on the end face of the nozzle-like connecting line with the disadvantages mentioned.
  • the object of the invention is to solve the known difficulties at the connection point between a refractory distribution vessel pouring spout and a mold, such as weldings, strand defects, openings, etc., with simple means.
  • Another object of the invention is to create a more economical casting process for multi-strand systems with horizontally or vertically arranged molds, which can be fed from a common intermediate vessel via a closed casting system.
  • the performance of such continuous casting plants is to be increased by extending the possible casting time.
  • this object is achieved in that the metal melt is kept away from the wall of the mold inlet opening by means of a constricting electromagnetic field in the area of a connecting plane of the distributor vessel pouring spout and the continuous mold.
  • the device according to the invention for carrying out the method is characterized in that an electromagnetic coil constricting the molten metal is arranged in the area of a connecting plane between the distributor vessel pouring spout and the continuous mold. It is particularly advantageous if the electromagnetic coil is arranged on the mold side of the connection level.
  • the invention enables simple procedures steps or an inexpensive device, the exploitation of the advantages of the closed casting system both in continuous casting with a vertically and horizontally arranged mold.
  • the disadvantages known from the prior art such as weldings, string faults and breakthroughs, can be eliminated. Longer sequences of pouring ladles can be poured due to significantly reduced wear in the pouring spout, which significantly reduces dead times and maintenance costs.
  • the process enables the construction of a simplified continuous casting plant, in which several strands fed from a common distributor vessel can be driven at a small mutual distance with a common pull-out unit and only the bath level in the distributor vessel has to be monitored.
  • a uniform supply of lubricant is solved by using a lubricant for the strand in the annular space while utilizing the vacuum Annulus is introduced.
  • a liquid, pasty or powdered lubricant for example a non-oxidizing gas with or without additives can also be introduced into the annular space or into the mold by the vacuum.
  • An additional reduction in wear on the refractory distribution vessel pouring spout can be achieved if, according to a further feature of the invention, the electromagnetic coil is arranged on both sides of the connection plane.
  • the invention further proposes to choose the outlet opening of the tundish spout and the mold inlet opening in the area of the connection level as well as the metal melt from the outlet opening by means of the electromagnetic Keep the field away.
  • the outlet opening of the distribution vessel pouring spout is smaller than the mold inlet opening in the region of the connection plane.
  • the electromagnetic coil can be arranged approximately concentrically to the mold cavity circumference.
  • the distance between the electro-magnetic coil and the mold cavity is smaller below the approximately horizontal longitudinal axis of the continuous mold than above the longitudinal axis.
  • the invention proposes, when casting strands with a round cross section, the use of an oval or an eccentrically arranged round electromagnetic coil, which has a smaller distance from the mold cavity below the horizontal longitudinal axis of the mold than above this longitudinal axis.
  • the quality of the strand surface can be improved according to an additional feature if between the refractory tundish pouring spout and the continuous mold a mold part is arranged with reduced thermal conductivity compared to the continuous mold.
  • An additional improvement in the constricting effect of the electromagnetic field in the mold cavity can be achieved if the mold part consists of paramagnetic material with a correspondingly low thermal conductivity.
  • a refractory distribution vessel pouring spout 2 is connected to a cooled continuous mold 3 with an approximately vertical longitudinal axis 1 of the mold, which represents a closed pouring system.
  • a connection level 4 is located between the flow mold 3 and the vessel pouring spout 2.
  • An electromagnetic coil 6 is arranged on the mold side of the connection level 4, which causes a constriction 7 of the steel flowing into the flow mold 3.
  • a free annular space 8 is formed, so that the incoming steel cannot yet touch the mold 3 in the area of the connection plane 4.
  • the Vessel spout 2 is part of a distribution vessel, not shown.
  • the continuous mold 3 is followed, as a rule, by known support guide elements (not shown) and a strand extraction unit for continuous or intermittent strand extraction.
  • an outlet opening 5 of the pouring spout 2 is smaller than the mold inlet opening 11.
  • FIG. 2 the same parts of the figures are provided with the same reference numbers as in FIG. 1.
  • An outlet opening 10 of the distribution vessel pouring spout 2 is of the same size as the mold inlet opening 11 in the area of the connection level 4.
  • an electromagnetic coil 6 ′ is arranged on both sides of the connection level 4, which keeps the metal away from the outlet opening 10 through the electromagnetic field. This creates a constriction 7 ', which bridges the contact of the melt 13 both with respect to the outlet opening 10 and with respect to the mold inlet opening 11.
  • the shape of the free annular space 8 ' differs from that of the annular space 8 in FIG. 1.
  • the longitudinal axis 14 of a continuous mold 3 ' is approximately horizontal.
  • a distance 15 between a water-cooled, electromagnetic, single-wind coil 16 and the mold cavity 19 below the horizontal longitudinal axis 14 of the continuous mold 3 ' is smaller than a distance 18 above the longitudinal axis 14.
  • This lining is advantageously made of paramagnetic material, such as stainless steel. So that no vacuum forms in the free annular space 8 ', which would counteract the constriction 7, one becomes Container 22 is supplied with an inert gas through fine feed slots 24 into the annular space 8 'via a pressure reducing valve 23. This pressure is adjusted approximately to the atmospheric pressure and is therefore lower than the ferrostatic pressure of the melt.
  • the vacuum in the annular space 8 ' can also be used to introduce a lubricant for the strand.
  • a weakly oval-shaped electromagnetic coil 31 is arranged around a round strand cross section 32.
  • the design of the electromagnetic coil and the choice of power, frequency etc. must be carried out in such a way that in the area of the connection level the metal melt is kept away from the mold wall and / or from the distributor vessel outlet opening by means of a constricting electromagnetic field.
  • the following parameters can be used, for example, to cast a round strand of 100 mm in diameter using a device according to FIG. 2: For casting a square strand 150 mm According to a device according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the following parameters are recommended:
  • the method and the device according to the invention can basically be used for a large number of metals.
  • iron-carbon alloys can also be cast. Due to the free design possibility of the coil, only a few restrictions with regard to different strand formats are effective when using the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A method of casting metallic strands in a closed pouring or teeming system wherein the metal is cast through a refractory distributor vessel-pouring structure, such as a pouring spout, into an open-ended mold connected in flow communication with the pouring structure. To improve the quality of the strand and to increase the production capacity or output of such installations at the region of a connection plane of the distributor vessel-pouring structure and the open-ended mold the metallic melt is maintained away from the wall of the mold inlet opening by means of a constricting or bundling electromagnetic field.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Stranggiessen von Metall in einem geschlossenen Eingiess-System, wobei das Metall durch einen feuerfesten Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen in eine mit diesem verbundene Durchlaufkokille gegossen wird.The invention relates to a method and a device for the continuous casting of metal in a closed pouring system, the metal being poured through a refractory distributor spout into a continuous mold connected to it.

Beim Stranggiessen von Metall mit einer Durchlaufkokille kann die Metallzuführung in einem offenen oder in einem geschlossenen Eingiesssystem erfolgen. Vertikal- und Bogenstranggiessanlagen werden in der Regel mit offenem Eingiesssystem betrieben, d.h. zwischen Verteilergefäss und Durchlaufkokille besteht keine Verbindung. Horizontalstranggiessanlagen werden fast ausschliesslich mit geschlossenem Eingiesssystem gebaut, wobei Feuerfestteile des Verteilergefässes mit der Eingiessseite der Durchlaufkokille verbunden sind. Das geschlossene Eingiesssystem erbringt gegenüber dem offenen Eingiesssystem folgende Vorteile. Ein Kontakt des Giessmetalles mit Luftsauerstoff zwischen dem Verteilergefäss und der Durchlaufkokille ist ausgeschlossen. Eine Badspiegelregulierung in der Kokille entfällt.When continuously casting metal with a continuous mold, the metal can be fed in an open or in a closed pouring system. Vertical and curved continuous casting plants are usually operated with an open pouring system, i.e. there is no connection between the distribution vessel and the continuous mold. Horizontal continuous casting plants are almost exclusively built with a closed pouring system, whereby refractory parts of the distributor vessel are connected to the pouring side of the continuous mold. The closed pouring system has the following advantages over the open pouring system. Contact of the cast metal with atmospheric oxygen between the distribution vessel and the continuous mold is excluded. A bath level regulation in the mold is not necessary.

Es ist aus der DE-OS 1 558 224 eine horizontale Stranggiessanlage bekannt, bei welcher ein Verteilergefäss mit einer wassergekühlten Kokille verbunden ist. Das Metall fliesst dabei ohne Lüftzutritt aus dem Verteilergefäss in die Kokille, wobei die Fliessgesehwindigkeit durch die Ausziehgeschwindigkeit des Stranges geregelt ist. Es wurde festgestellt, dass das flüssige Metall nicht erst in der Kokille, sondern schon im Bereich der Verbindungsebene zwischen der Kokille und der Verteilergefäss-Austrittsöffnung zu erstarren beginnt, was zu Metallanschweissungen an der Wandung des Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzens und infolge des von den Abzugwalzen auf den Strang ausgeübten Zuges zu Rissen am bereits erstarrten Btrangumfang führt. Dies verursacht eine beträchtliche Störung des Giessvorganges und erhebliche Materialfehler am fertigen Erzeugnis. Durch Rissbildung in der noch dünnen Strangkruste an der Kokillenausgangsseite sind deshalb Durchbrüche nicht auszuschliessen, die zu einer vollständigen Entleerung des vorgeschalteten Verteilergefässes führen. Das Anschweissen des Metalles innerhalb der Verteilergefäss-Austrittsöffnung führt auch zu einer raschen Zerstörung dieser Verbindungsleitung, wodurch die Dauer des Giessvorganges verkürzt wird. Aus diesen Gründen hat insbesondere das kontinuierliche Stahlstranggiessverfahren mit horizontaler Kokille trotz beträchtlicher Verbesserungen sowohl bezüglich des Materials als auch der Gestaltung solcher Verbindungsstücke noch keinen breiten Eingang in die industrielle Technik gefunden.A horizontal continuous casting installation is known from DE-OS 1 558 224, in which a distributor vessel is connected to a water-cooled mold. The metal flows from the tundish into the mold without venting, the flow speed being regulated by the pull-out speed of the strand. It was found that the liquid metal begins to solidify not just in the mold, but already in the area of the connection level between the mold and the distributor vessel outlet opening, which leads to metal welds on the wall of the distributor vessel spout and as a result of that from the extraction rollers on the Exerted train leads to cracks in the already solidified Btrang circumference. This causes a considerable disturbance in the casting process and considerable material defects in the finished product. Due to the formation of cracks in the still thin strand crust on the mold exit side, breakthroughs that lead to complete emptying of the upstream distributor vessel cannot be ruled out. The welding of the metal inside the distribution vessel outlet opening also leads to a rapid destruction of this connecting line, which shortens the duration of the casting process. For these reasons, in particular the continuous continuous casting process with horizontal mold has not yet found wide acceptance in industrial technology, despite considerable improvements both in terms of the material and the design of such connecting pieces.

Aus der DE-OS 2 455 816 ist weiter ein horizontales Stranggiessverfahren bekannt, bei welchem das Metall aus einem Verteilergefäss über eine feuerfeste, düsenartig sich stark erweiternde Verbindungsleitung in die Kokille geleitet wird. Das flüssige Metall wird in dieser düsenartigen Verbindungsleitung elektromagnetischen Kräften unterworfen, die am Umfang des Metallstranges eine Beschleunigung in Strömungsrichtung hervorrufen. Der in der düsenartigen Erweiterung vorgeformte und beschleunigte Metallstrom soll im sprunghaft erweiterten Kokillenquerschnitt einen freien Ringraum erzeugen, wobei ein stabiler Meniskus begünstigt werden soll. Die Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung der elektromagnetischen Kräfte entlang der düsenartigen Verbindungsleitung entspricht einem Stator eines Linearmotors. Im freien Ringraum wird über eine Mehrzahl von Schlitzen ein neutrales Gas unter Druck eingeleitet, der mindestens gleich dem maximalen ferrostatischen Druck in diesem Bereich ist. Trotz diesen aufwendigen Verfahrensschritten wie das Aufbringen einer axialen Beschleunigung der Schmelze in der Verbindungsleitung und der Druckbeaufschlagung im Ringraum, können bei Stillstand oder bei sich ändernder Strangausziehbewegung Störungen im Ringraum nicht ganz vermieden werden. Im weiteren kann das eingepresste inerte Gas wegen des geringeren ferrostatischen Druckes an der Strangoberseite verglichen zur Strangunterseite vom bewegten Strang mitgerissen werden. Dies kann einerseits zusätzliche Störungen im Ringraum und anderseits Strangfehler, insbesondere an der Strangoberfläche, erzeugen. Im weitern können die bereits genannten Anschweissungen an der Stirnseite der düsenartigen Verbindungsleitung mit den erwähnten Nachteilen entstehen.From DE-OS 2 455 816 a horizontal continuous casting process is also known, in which the metal is passed from a distributor vessel into the mold via a refractory, nozzle-like, widening connecting line. The liquid metal is subjected to electromagnetic forces in this nozzle-like connecting line, which cause acceleration in the direction of flow on the circumference of the metal strand. The metal flow preformed and accelerated in the nozzle-like extension should create a free annular space in the suddenly expanded mold cross-section, whereby a stable meniscus is to be favored. The device for generating the electromagnetic forces along the nozzle-like connecting line corresponds to a stator of a linear motor. A neutral gas under pressure, which is at least equal to the maximum ferrostatic pressure in this area, is introduced into the free annular space via a plurality of slots. Despite these complex process steps, such as the application of an axial acceleration of the melt in the connecting line and the pressurization in the annular space, malfunctions in the annular space cannot be completely avoided when the line is at a standstill or when the strand extraction movement changes. Furthermore, the injected inert gas can be entrained by the moving strand because of the lower ferrostatic pressure on the top side of the strand compared to the bottom side of the strand. On the one hand, this can produce additional disturbances in the annulus and, on the other hand, strand faults, in particular on the strand surface. Furthermore, the welds already mentioned can occur on the end face of the nozzle-like connecting line with the disadvantages mentioned.

Zum gleichzeitigen Giessen mehrerer Stränge ist es ferner aus der DE-OS 1 608 350 bekannt, vertikal angeordnete Stranggiesskokillen gasdicht mit einem gemeinsamen Verteilergefäss zu verbinden und Metall über Bodenausgussdüsen den Kokillen zuzuführen. Dabei kann zwischen dem feuerfestcn Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen und den gekühlten Kokillen wahlweise mit oder ohne Gaspolster gearbeitet werden. Bei diesen vertikal angeordneten Kokillen treten ebenfalls die aus dem horizontalen Stranggiessen bekannten Störungen zwischen dem feuerfesten Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen und der gekühlten Durchlaufkokille auf. Auch trotz Verwendung einer verlängerten Ausgussdüse und einem Gaspolster zwischen der Kokille und dieser Düse bauen sich bei sich ändernden Giessbedingungen Anschweissungen an der Düse auf, die zu Störungen führen. Dieses Verfahren hat sich deshalb im industriellen Gebrauch nicht durchgesetzt.For the simultaneous casting of several strands, it is also known from DE-OS 1 608 350 to connect vertically arranged continuous casting molds in a gas-tight manner to a common distributor vessel and to supply metal to the molds via bottom pouring nozzles. You can choose to work with or without a gas cushion between the refractory pouring spout and the chilled molds. With these vertically arranged molds, the disturbances known from horizontal continuous casting also occur between the refractory distribution vessel pouring spout and the cooled continuous mold. Even despite using an extended pouring nozzle and a gas pole When the casting conditions change, welds on the nozzle build up between the mold and this nozzle, which lead to faults. This process has therefore not become established in industrial use.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die bekannten Schwierigkeiten an der Verbindungsstelle zwischen einem feuerfesten Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen und einer Kokille, wie Anschweissungen, Strangfehler, Durchbrüche etc., mit einfachen Mitteln zu lösen. Ein weiteres Anliegen der Erfindung ist die Schaffung eines wirtschaftlicheren Giessverfahrens für Mehrstranganlagen mit horizontal oder vertikal angeordneten Kokillen, die über ein geschlossenes Giesssystem aus einem gemeinsamen Zwischengefäss gespeist werden können. Zusätzlich soll auch die Leistung solcher Stranggiessanlagen durch Verlängerung der möglichen Giesszeit erhöht werden.The object of the invention is to solve the known difficulties at the connection point between a refractory distribution vessel pouring spout and a mold, such as weldings, strand defects, openings, etc., with simple means. Another object of the invention is to create a more economical casting process for multi-strand systems with horizontally or vertically arranged molds, which can be fed from a common intermediate vessel via a closed casting system. In addition, the performance of such continuous casting plants is to be increased by extending the possible casting time.

Diese Aufgabe wird nach dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren dadurch gelöst, dass im Bereich einer Verbindungsebene des Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzens und der Durchlaufkokille die Metallschmleze von der Wand der Kokilleneintrittsöffnung mittels eines einschnürenden elektromagnetischen Feldes ferngehalten wird.According to the method according to the invention, this object is achieved in that the metal melt is kept away from the wall of the mold inlet opening by means of a constricting electromagnetic field in the area of a connecting plane of the distributor vessel pouring spout and the continuous mold.

Die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass im Bereich einer Verbindungsebene zwischen dem Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen und der Durchlaufkokille eine elektromagnetische, die Metallschmelze einschnürende Spule angeordnet ist. Dabei ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn kokillenseitig der Verbindungsebene die elektromagnetische Spule angeordnet ist.The device according to the invention for carrying out the method is characterized in that an electromagnetic coil constricting the molten metal is arranged in the area of a connecting plane between the distributor vessel pouring spout and the continuous mold. It is particularly advantageous if the electromagnetic coil is arranged on the mold side of the connection level.

Die Erfindung ermöglicht unter Anwendung einfacher Verfahrensschritte bzw. einer preisgünstigen Vorrichtung die Ausnützung der Vorteile des geschlossenen Giess-Systems sowohl beim Stranggiessen mit vertikal als auch mit horizontal angeordneter Kokille. Die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Nachteile wie Anschweissungen, Strangfehler und Durchbrüche, können beseitigt werden. Durch einen wesentlich verminderten Verschleiss im Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen können längere Sequenzen von Giesspfannen vergossen werden, wodurch sich Totzeiten und Unterhaltskosten wesentlich verringern. Bei vertikal angeordneten Durchlaufkokillen ermöglicht das Verfahren die Konstruktion einer vereinfachten Stranggiessanlage, wobei mehrere aus einem gemeinsamen Verteilergefäss gespeiste Stränge mit kleinem gegenseitigem Abstand mit einem gemeinsamen Auszieh-Aggregat antreibbar sind und nur der Badspiegel im Verteilergefäss überwacht werden muss.The invention enables simple procedures steps or an inexpensive device, the exploitation of the advantages of the closed casting system both in continuous casting with a vertically and horizontally arranged mold. The disadvantages known from the prior art, such as weldings, string faults and breakthroughs, can be eliminated. Longer sequences of pouring ladles can be poured due to significantly reduced wear in the pouring spout, which significantly reduces dead times and maintenance costs. In the case of vertically arranged continuous molds, the process enables the construction of a simplified continuous casting plant, in which several strands fed from a common distributor vessel can be driven at a small mutual distance with a common pull-out unit and only the bath level in the distributor vessel has to be monitored.

Ein weiteres noch nicht befriedigend gelöstes Problem beim bekannten geschlossenen Giess-System stellt die zuführung eines Schmiermittels in die Kokille dar. Gemäss einem zusätzlichen Merkmal der Erfindung wird eine gleichmässige Schmiermittelzufuhr dadurch gelöst, dass unter Ausnützung des Vakuums im Ringraum ein Schmiermittel für den Strang in diesen Ringraum eingebracht wird. Anstelle eines flüssigen, pasten- oder pulverförmigen Schmiermittels kann beispielsweise auch ein nicht oxydierendes Gas mit oder ohne Zusatzstoffe durch das Vakuum in den Ringraum bzw. in die Kokille eingebracht werden.Another problem that has not yet been solved satisfactorily in the known closed casting system is the supply of a lubricant into the mold. According to an additional feature of the invention, a uniform supply of lubricant is solved by using a lubricant for the strand in the annular space while utilizing the vacuum Annulus is introduced. Instead of a liquid, pasty or powdered lubricant, for example a non-oxidizing gas with or without additives can also be introduced into the annular space or into the mold by the vacuum.

Eine zusätzliche Verminderung des Verschleisses am feuerfesten Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen ist erreichbar, wenn, nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung, die elektromagnetische Spule beidseits der Verbindungsebene angeordnet ist.An additional reduction in wear on the refractory distribution vessel pouring spout can be achieved if, according to a further feature of the invention, the electromagnetic coil is arranged on both sides of the connection plane.

Zur Verminderung der Durchflussgeschwindigkeit des Metalles durch den Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen und zur Erhöhung des Einschnüreffektes schlägt die Erfindung im weiteren vor, im Bereich der Verbindungsebene die Austrittsöffnung des Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzens und die Kokilleneintrittsöffnung gleich gross zu wählen sowie die Metallschmelze zusätzlich von der Austrittsöffnung mittels des elektromagnetischen Feldes fern zu halten.In order to reduce the flow rate of the metal through the tundish spout and to increase the constriction effect, the invention further proposes to choose the outlet opening of the tundish spout and the mold inlet opening in the area of the connection level as well as the metal melt from the outlet opening by means of the electromagnetic Keep the field away.

Bei vertikal angeordneten Kokillen kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn im Bereich der Verbindungsebene die Austrittsöffnung des Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzens kleiner als die Kokillen-Eintrittsöffnung ist.In the case of vertically arranged molds, it can be advantageous if the outlet opening of the distribution vessel pouring spout is smaller than the mold inlet opening in the region of the connection plane.

Bei Stranggiessanlagen mit etwa vertikal oder etwa horizontal liegender Kokillenachse kann die elektromagnetische Spule etwa konzentrisch zum Formhohlraum-Umfang angeordnet sein. Bei horizontalen Stranggiessanlagen ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Distanz zwischen der elektromangetischen Spule und dem Kokillenhohlraum unterhalb der etwa horizontalen Längsachse der Durchlaufkokille kleiner ist, als oberhalb der Längsachse. Bei einer solchen Anordnung kann der unterschiedliche ferrostatische Druck über die Stranghöhe entsprechend berücksichtigt werden. Als eine weitere Lösung zur Beseitigung des Nachteiles des unterschiedlichen ferrostatischen Druckes schlägt die Erfindung beim Giessen von Strängen mit rundem Querschnitt die Anwendung einer ovalen oder einer exzentrisch angeordneten runden elektromagnetischen Spule vor, die unterhalb der horizontalen Längsachse der Kokille einen kleineren Abstand zum Kokillenhohlraum aufweist, als oberhalb dieser Längsachse.In continuous casting plants with a mold axis lying approximately vertically or approximately horizontally, the electromagnetic coil can be arranged approximately concentrically to the mold cavity circumference. In the case of horizontal continuous casting plants, it is particularly advantageous if the distance between the electro-magnetic coil and the mold cavity is smaller below the approximately horizontal longitudinal axis of the continuous mold than above the longitudinal axis. With such an arrangement, the different ferrostatic pressure over the strand height can be taken into account accordingly. As a further solution for eliminating the disadvantage of the different ferrostatic pressure, the invention proposes, when casting strands with a round cross section, the use of an oval or an eccentrically arranged round electromagnetic coil, which has a smaller distance from the mold cavity below the horizontal longitudinal axis of the mold than above this longitudinal axis.

Die Güte der Strangoberfläche kann nach einem zusätzlichen Merkmal verbessert werden, wenn zwischen dem feuerfesten Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen und der Durchlaufkokille ein Kokillenteil mit gegenüber der Durchlaufkokille reduzierter Wärmeleitfähigkeit angeordnet ist. Eine zusätzliche Verbesserung der einschnürenden Wirkung des elektromagnetischen Feldes im Formhohlraum kann erreicht werden, wenn der Kokillenteil aus paramagnetischem Werkstoff mit entsprechend niedriger Wärmeleitfähigkeit besteht.The quality of the strand surface can be improved according to an additional feature if between the refractory tundish pouring spout and the continuous mold a mold part is arranged with reduced thermal conductivity compared to the continuous mold. An additional improvement in the constricting effect of the electromagnetic field in the mold cavity can be achieved if the mold part consists of paramagnetic material with a correspondingly low thermal conductivity.

Im nachfolgenden werden anhand von'Figuren Beispiele des Erfindungsgegenstandes erläutert.In the following, examples of the subject matter of the invention are explained with reference to figures.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 Einen Vertikalschnitt durch einen Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen und eine Durchlaufkokille mit etwa vertikal angeordneter Längsachse,
  • Fig. 2 einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein weiteres Beispiel eines Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzens mit daran anschliessender Kokille,
  • Fig. 3 einen Vertikalschnitt durch einen Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen und eine Durchlaufkokille mit horizontal angeordneter Längsachse,
  • Fig. 4 einen Schnitt nach der Linie IV-IV gemäss Fig. 3 und
  • Fig. 5 ein weiteres Beispiel einer Spulenanordnung.
Show it:
  • 1 shows a vertical section through a distribution vessel pouring spout and a continuous mold with an approximately vertically arranged longitudinal axis,
  • 2 shows a vertical section through a further example of a distribution vessel pouring spout with a mold connected to it,
  • 3 shows a vertical section through a distribution vessel pouring spout and a continuous mold with a horizontally arranged longitudinal axis,
  • Fig. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV according to Fig. 3 and
  • Fig. 5 shows another example of a coil arrangement.

In Fig. 1 ist ein feuerfester Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen 2 mit einer gekühlten Durchlaufkokille 3 mit etwa vertikaler Kokillenlängsachse 1 verbunden, was ein geschlossenes Eingiesssystem darstellt. Zwischen der Durchlaufkokille 3 und dem Gefäss-Ausgussstutzen 2 befindet sich eine Verbindungsebene 4. Kokillenseitig der Verbindungsebene 4 ist eine elektromagnetische Spule 6, die eine Einschnürung 7 des in die Durchlaufkokille 3 einfliessenden Stahles bewirkt, angeordnet. Dabei bildet sich ein freier Ringraum 8, so dass im Bereich der Verbindungsebene 4 der einfliessende Stahl die Kokille 3 noch nicht berühren kann. Der Gefäss-Ausgussstutzen 2 ist ein Teil eines nicht dargestellten Verteilergefässes. Der Durchlaufkokille 3 folgen in der Regel nicht dargestellte, bekannte Stützführungselemente und ein Strangausziehaggregat für kontinuierlichen oder intermittierenden Strangauszug. Im Bereich der Verbindungsebene 4 ist eine Austrittsöffnung 5 des Ausgussstutzens 2 kleiner als die Kokilleneintrittsöffnung 11.In Fig. 1, a refractory distribution vessel pouring spout 2 is connected to a cooled continuous mold 3 with an approximately vertical longitudinal axis 1 of the mold, which represents a closed pouring system. A connection level 4 is located between the flow mold 3 and the vessel pouring spout 2. An electromagnetic coil 6 is arranged on the mold side of the connection level 4, which causes a constriction 7 of the steel flowing into the flow mold 3. A free annular space 8 is formed, so that the incoming steel cannot yet touch the mold 3 in the area of the connection plane 4. The Vessel spout 2 is part of a distribution vessel, not shown. The continuous mold 3 is followed, as a rule, by known support guide elements (not shown) and a strand extraction unit for continuous or intermittent strand extraction. In the area of the connection level 4, an outlet opening 5 of the pouring spout 2 is smaller than the mold inlet opening 11.

In Fig. 2 sind gleiche Figurenteile mit gleichen Bezugsziffern wie in Fig. 1 versehen. Eine Austrittsöffnung 10 des Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzens 2 ist im Bereich der Verbindungsebene 4 gleich gross wie die Kokilleneintrittsöffnung 11. Zusätzlich ist eine elektromagnetische Spule 6' beidseits der Verbindungsebene 4 angeordnet, die durch das elektromagnetische Feld das Metall von der Austrittsöffnung 10 fernhält. Dadurch entsteht eine Einschnürung 7', die den Kontakt der Schmelze 13 sowohl gegenüber der Austrittsöffnung 10 als auch gegenüber der Kokilleneintrittsöffnung 11 überbrückt. Der freie Ringraum 8' ist in seiner Form unterschiedlich zum Ringraum 8 der Figur 1.In FIG. 2, the same parts of the figures are provided with the same reference numbers as in FIG. 1. An outlet opening 10 of the distribution vessel pouring spout 2 is of the same size as the mold inlet opening 11 in the area of the connection level 4. In addition, an electromagnetic coil 6 ′ is arranged on both sides of the connection level 4, which keeps the metal away from the outlet opening 10 through the electromagnetic field. This creates a constriction 7 ', which bridges the contact of the melt 13 both with respect to the outlet opening 10 and with respect to the mold inlet opening 11. The shape of the free annular space 8 'differs from that of the annular space 8 in FIG. 1.

In Fig. 3 und 4 liegt die Längsachse 14 einer Durchlaufkokille 3' etwa horizontal. Eine Distanz 15 zwischen einer wassergekühlten, elektromagnetischen, einwindigen Spule 16 und dem Kokillenhohlraum 19 unterhalb der horizontalen Längsachse 14 der Durchlaufkokille 3' ist kleiner als eine Distanz 18 oberhalb der Längsachse 14. Auf der Eintrittsseite der Durchlaufkokille 3' ist ein Kokillenteil 20 mit einer Ausfütterung versehen, die gegenüber der Durchlaufkokille aus Kupfer eine reduzierte Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufweist. Diese Ausfütterung wird mit Vorteil aus paramagnetischem Werkstoff, z.B. rostfreiem Stahl, hergestellt. Damit sich in dem freien Ringraum 8' kein Vakuum bildet, das der Einschnürung 7 entgegenwirken würde, wird aus einem Behälter 22 über ein Druckreduzierventil 23 ein inertes Gas durch feine Zuführschlitze 24 in den Ringraum 8' zugeführt. Dieser Druck wird etwa dem atmosphärischen Druck angepasst und ist somit kleiner als der ferrostatische Druck der Schmelze. Das Vakuum im Ringraum 8' kann auch zum Einbringen eines Schmiermittels für den Strang ausgenützt werden.3 and 4, the longitudinal axis 14 of a continuous mold 3 'is approximately horizontal. A distance 15 between a water-cooled, electromagnetic, single-wind coil 16 and the mold cavity 19 below the horizontal longitudinal axis 14 of the continuous mold 3 'is smaller than a distance 18 above the longitudinal axis 14. On the inlet side of the continuous mold 3' there is a mold part 20 with a lining provided, which has a reduced thermal conductivity compared to the continuous mold made of copper. This lining is advantageously made of paramagnetic material, such as stainless steel. So that no vacuum forms in the free annular space 8 ', which would counteract the constriction 7, one becomes Container 22 is supplied with an inert gas through fine feed slots 24 into the annular space 8 'via a pressure reducing valve 23. This pressure is adjusted approximately to the atmospheric pressure and is therefore lower than the ferrostatic pressure of the melt. The vacuum in the annular space 8 'can also be used to introduce a lubricant for the strand.

In Fig. 5 ist eine schwach oval geformte elektromagnetische Spule 31 um einen runden Strangquerschnitt 32 angeordnet.5, a weakly oval-shaped electromagnetic coil 31 is arranged around a round strand cross section 32.

Die Auslegung der elektromagnetischen Spule und die Wahl der Leistung, der Frequenz etc. hat so zu erfolgen, dass im Bereich der Verbindungsebene die Metallschmelze von der Kokillenwand und/oder von der Verteilergefäss-Austrittsöffnung mittels einem einschnürenden elektromagnetischen Feld ferngehalten wird. Zum Giessen eines runden Stranges von 100 mm Durchmesser mittels einer Vorrichtung nach Fig. 2 können beispielsweise nachfolgende Parameter verwendet werden:

Figure imgb0001
Zum Giessen eines Vierkant-Stranges 150 mm
Figure imgb0002
gemäss einer Vorrichtung nach den Fig. 3 und 4 werden nachfolgende Parameter empfohlen:
Figure imgb0003
Figure imgb0004
 The design of the electromagnetic coil and the choice of power, frequency etc. must be carried out in such a way that in the area of the connection level the metal melt is kept away from the mold wall and / or from the distributor vessel outlet opening by means of a constricting electromagnetic field. The following parameters can be used, for example, to cast a round strand of 100 mm in diameter using a device according to FIG. 2:
Figure imgb0001
 For casting a square strand 150 mm
Figure imgb0002
According to a device according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the following parameters are recommended:
Figure imgb0003
Figure imgb0004

Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren und die Vorrichtung sind grundsätzlich für eine Vielzahl von Metallen anwendbar. Insbesondere können auch Eisen-Kohlenstoff-Legierungen gegossen werden. Durch die freie Gestaltungsmöglichkeit der Spule werden bei der Anwendung der Erfindung nur wenig Einschränkungen bezüglich unterschiedlicher Strangformate wirksam.The method and the device according to the invention can basically be used for a large number of metals. In particular, iron-carbon alloys can also be cast. Due to the free design possibility of the coil, only a few restrictions with regard to different strand formats are effective when using the invention.

Claims (14)

1. Verfahren zum Stranggiessen von Metall in einem geschlossenen Eingiess-System, wobei das Metall durch einen feuerfesten Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen (2) in eine mit diesem verbundene Durchlaufkokille (3, 3') gegossen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich einer Verbindungsebene (4) des Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzens (2) und der Durchlaufkokille (3, 3') die Metallschmelze (13) von der Wand der Kokilleneintrittsöffnung (11) mittels eines einschnürenden-elektromagnetischen Feldes ferngehalten wird.1. A method for the continuous casting of metal in a closed pouring system, the metal being poured through a refractory distribution vessel pouring spout (2) into a continuous mold (3, 3 ') connected thereto, characterized in that in the area of a connection level ( 4) the tundish pouring spout (2) and the continuous mold (3, 3 ') the metal melt (13) is kept away from the wall of the mold inlet opening (11) by means of a constricting electromagnetic field. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich der Verbindungsebene (4) die Querschnitte der Austrittsöffnung (10) des Verteilergefäss- Ausgussstutzens (2) und der Kokilleneintrittsöffnung (11)gleich gross gewählt und die Metallschmelze zusätzlich von der Austrittsöffnung (10) mittels des elektromagnetischen Feldes ferngehalten wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the region of the connecting plane (4) the cross sections of the outlet opening (10) of the distributor vessel pouring spout (2) and the mold inlet opening (11) are selected to be of the same size and the metal melt is additionally selected from the outlet opening (10 ) is kept away by means of the electromagnetic field. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass unter Ausnützung des Vakuums im Ringraum (8, 8') ein Schmiermittel für den Strang in diesen Ringraum (8, 8') eingebracht wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, using the vacuum in the annular space (8, 8 '), a lubricant for the strand is introduced into this annular space (8, 8'). 4. Vorrichtung zum Stranggiessen von Metall mit einem geschlossenen Eingiess-System, wobei ein feuerfester Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen (2) mit einer gekühlten Durchlaufkokille (3, 3') verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich einer Verbindungsebene (4) zwischen dem Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen (2) und der Durchlaufkokille (3, 3') eine elektromagnetische, die Metallschmelze (13) einschnürende Spule (6, 6', 16, 31) angeordnet ist.4. Device for the continuous casting of metal with a closed pouring system, a refractory distribution vessel pouring spout (2) being connected to a cooled continuous mold (3, 3 '), characterized in that in the area of a connecting plane (4) between the distribution vessel - Spout (2) and the continuous mold (3, 3 ') an electromagnetic, the metal melt (13) constricting coil (6, 6', 16, 31) is arranged. 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass kokillenseitig der Verbindungsebene (4) die elektromagnetische Spule (6) angeordnet ist.5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the electromagnetic coil (6) is arranged on the mold side of the connection plane (4). 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beidseits der Verbindungsebene (4) die elektromagnetische Spule (6' 16, 31) angeordnet ist.6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the electromagnetic coil (6 '16, 31) is arranged on both sides of the connection plane (4). 7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 - 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich der Verbindungsebene (4) die Austrittsöffnung (10) des Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzens (2) und die Kokilleneintrittsöffnung (11) gleich gross sind.7. Device according to one of claims 4-6, characterized in that in the region of the connecting plane (4) the outlet opening (10) of the distributor vessel pouring spout (2) and the mold inlet opening (11) are of the same size. 8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich der Verbindungsebene (4) die Austrittsöffnung (5) des Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzens (2) kleiner als die Kokilleneintrittsöffnung (11) ist.8. The device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that in the region of the connecting plane (4), the outlet opening (5) of the tundish spout (2) is smaller than the mold inlet opening (11). 9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 - 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kokillenlängsachse (14) etwa horizontal liegt.9. Device according to one of claims 4-8, characterized in that the mold longitudinal axis (14) is approximately horizontal. 10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 - 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kokillenlängsachse (1) etwa vertikal liegt.10. Device according to one of claims 4-8, characterized in that the mold longitudinal axis (1) is approximately vertical. 11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Distanz (15) zwischen der elektromagnetischen Spule (16) und dem Kokillenhohlraum (19) unterhalb der etwa horizontalen Längsachse (14) der Durchlaufkokille (3') kleiner ist als eine Distanz (18) oberhalb der Längsachse (14).11. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that a distance (15) between the electromagnetic coil (16) and the mold cavity (19) below the approximately horizontal longitudinal axis (14) of the continuous mold (3 ') is smaller than a distance (18 ) above the longitudinal axis (14). 12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine ovale elektromagnetische Spule (31) vorgesehen ist.12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that an oval electromagnetic coil (31) is provided. 13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 - 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem feuerfesten Verteilergefäss-Ausgussstutzen (2) und der Durchlaufkokille (3') aus Kupfer ein Kokillenteil (20) mit gegenüber der Durchlaufkupferkokille (3') reduzierter Wärmeleitfähigkeit angeordnet ist.13. Device according to one of claims 4-12, characterized in that between the refractory distributor spout (2) and the continuous mold (3 ') made of copper, a mold part (20) is arranged with reduced thermal conductivity compared to the continuous copper mold (3') . 14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kokillenteil (20) mit reduzierter Wärmeleitfähigkeit aus paramagnetischem Werkstoff besteht.14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the mold part (20) with reduced thermal conductivity consists of paramagnetic material.
EP81105098A 1980-07-11 1981-07-01 Apparatus for the continuous casting of metal in a closed gating system Expired EP0043987B1 (en)

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CH5347/80A CH648500A5 (en) 1980-07-11 1980-07-11 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUSLY casting metal in a closed pouring system.

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EP0248242A2 (en) * 1986-06-05 1987-12-09 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Continuous metal casting apparatus
EP0248242A3 (en) * 1986-06-05 1988-08-17 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Continuous metal casting apparatus
EP0298373A2 (en) * 1987-07-06 1989-01-11 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Liquid metal electromagnetic flow control device incorporating a pumping action
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EP0298373A3 (en) * 1987-07-06 1989-11-29 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Liquid metal electromagnetic flow control device incorporating a pumping action
US4846255A (en) * 1987-10-28 1989-07-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Electromagnetic augmentation for casting of thin metal sheets
EP0489348A1 (en) * 1990-11-27 1992-06-10 Nkk Corporation Method for continuous casting of steel and apparatus therefor
US5191928A (en) * 1990-11-27 1993-03-09 Nkk Corporation Method for continuous casting of steel and apparatus therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5744454A (en) 1982-03-12
DE3162508D1 (en) 1984-04-12
BR8104428A (en) 1982-03-30
ATE6476T1 (en) 1984-03-15
ES8205141A1 (en) 1982-06-01
JPS6257420B2 (en) 1987-12-01
US4450892A (en) 1984-05-29
CA1176427A (en) 1984-10-23
KR830005941A (en) 1983-09-14
CH648500A5 (en) 1985-03-29
EP0043987B1 (en) 1984-03-07
KR840002039B1 (en) 1984-11-06
ES504334A0 (en) 1982-06-01

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