Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
  • C11D9/02—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap on alkali or ammonium soaps
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/08—Liquid soap, e.g. for dispensers; capsuled

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an aqueous liquid detergent composition, in which the detergent-active material is or comprises a soap.
• Soap-based liquid detergent compositions are well-known in the art. Because of the water-solubility limits of the commonly-known soaps, such soap-based liquids contain either a relatively low concentration of soap, when soap is the sole detergent-active material in these liquids, or they contain, next to the soap, another synthetic detergent-active material, by the presence whereof the concentration of soap in the liquid can be made higher.
• Soap-based liquid detergent compositions often suffer from physical drawbacks; thus, for example, it is a problem to prepare a liquid composition which is physically stable, has a satisfactory pourability or viscosity, or which does not gel. Overcoming these problems often creates another one, i.e. that in doing so the washing and laundering efficacy of the composition is impaired.
• an object of the present invention to provide an aqueous, soap-based liquid detergent composition which is physically stable, has satisfactory pourability or viscosity characteristics, which does not gel and which has a satisfactory washing, laundering, and cleaning performance.
• the liquid detergent composition has a satisfactory detergency over a broad temperature range and can contain a relatively high concentration of soap.
• the detergency efficacy is less impaired by the water hardness than with soap systems not containing the linoleate.
• the soap component may consist solely of sodium linoleate, which may in practice, however, meet with cost and availability problems. Therefore - and this is a preferred embodiment of the invention - it has been found that if the soap component, next to the sodium linoleate, also contains a sodium soap of a C 16 -C 24 mono-unsaturated fatty acid, the same benefits are obtained to practically the same degree.
• the soap component contains a mixture of sodium linoleate and sodium oleate, in such a relative weight proportion that at least 10% by weight of the sum of these two soaps consists of sodium linoleate, quite satisfactory liquid products are obtained, particularly as regards its detergency over a broad temperature range.
• Such mixtures can e.g. be obtained from the soapstock fatty acids, obtained from refining and margarine industries.
• a sodium soap of palmitoleic, petroselinic, vaccenic, gadoleic, eicosenoic, cetoleic, erucic and selacholeic acid can also be used.
• the soap component may consist solely of the mixture of sodium linoleate and sodium oleate, but it has been found that certain amounts of certain saturated fatty acid sodium soaps can be tolerated without significantly impairing the benefits of the present invention. Thus it has been found that the soap component may contain up to 20% by weight of a saturated C 16 -C 24 fatty acid soap. However, this saturated fatty acid soap may not be a sodium laurate or sodium myristate, since the presence thereof significantly detracts from the benefits of the present invention. Small amounts, i.e.
• soaps of saturated C 16 and high fatty acids are sodium palmitate, sodium margarate, sodium stearate, sodium nonadecylate, sodium arachidate, sodium heneicosinate, sodium behenate, sodium tricosanate, sodium lignocerate, and sodium soaps of trans-fatty acids of hardened oils and fats.
• soaps i.e. sodium linoleate plus sodium oleate plus up to 20% of a soap of a saturated C 16 -C 24 fatty acid
• suitable sources which contain these fatty acids in the appropriate proportions.
• sources are grapeseed oil, chufa oil, groundnut oil, maize oil, mustard seed oil, soybean oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil and tall oil fatty acids. Of these, the last-mentioned five oils and the tall oil fatty acids are preferred.
• the sodium soaps may be prepared by neutralizing the fatty acids, obtained from these sources and this is preferred when tall oil fatty acids are used.
• the sodium soap can also be prepared in a practical and advantageous manner by carrying out saponification of the oil in the presence of suitable emulsifying agents and neutralization of the fatty acids in situ in the liquid detergent composition. In this manner, an easy way of preparing the compositions of the invention is provided, leading to physically stable products.
• an emulsifying agent is present in the liquid in which the saponification takes place.
• emulsifying agents are e.g. nonionic detergent surfactants like the ethoxylation and/or propoxylation products of linear or branched- chain primary or secondary, natural or synthetic alcohols having 8-24 carbon atoms in their alkyl chain, of mono- or dialkylphenols having from 8-18 carbon atoms in thier alkyl chain, of C 8 -C 22 fatty acids, of polyethylene- or polypropylene-glycols, of C 8 -C 22 fatty amines, -amides or -alkylolamides and so on.
• nonionic detergent surfactants like the ethoxylation and/or propoxylation products of linear or branched- chain primary or secondary, natural or synthetic alcohols having 8-24 carbon atoms in their alkyl chain, of mono- or dialkylphenols having from 8-18 carbon atoms in thier alkyl chain, of C 8
• Tertiary amine oxides having one C 8 -C 18 alkyl chain and two C 1 -C 5 alkyl chains are also included in the term nonionic detergent.
• Amphoteric and zwitterionic detergents may also be used, such as sulphobetaines, amido-betaines, alkylaminocarboxylic acids etc.
• compositions of the invention contain from 0-40% by weight of a nonionic detergent material (0% only in the case where the sodium linoleate or sodium linoleate/ sodium.oleate constitutes the whole nf the soap component, and is not prepared by in situ saoonification and neutralization) and preferably from 5-30% of a nonionic detergent material is present.
• the amount of the soap component in the liquid composition is generally from 2.5-40, preferably 5-35% by weight.
• compositions of the invention may furthermore contain hydrotropes, buffers, fluorescers, soil-suspending agents, enzymes, stabilizers for enzymes, dyes, perfumes, anti-oxidants and so on, all in amounts usually encountered in products of this type.
• Sequestrant builders can also be included in an amount of up to 20% by weight.
• liquid detergent compositions were formulated These liquid compositions were stable: they remained homogeneous after the two weeks' storage at 0°C.
• the tall oil fatty acids were replaced by fatty acids, derived from soybean-, sunflower-, rapeseed- and cottonseed oil, and mixtures thereof. This was done in the following way: the mixture of the lye, the triethanolamine, the nonionic detergent and water was heated till 80°C, after which the oil was added. Subsequently, after cooling till 60°C, the isopropyl alcohol was added, and subsequently,after further cooling,the enzyme and the other ingredients. Similar formulations were prepared in the same manner, with varying amounts of soap and nonionic detergent. These formulations were stored for 2 weeks at 0°C, and their phase stability was assessed.
• Example 1 Using coconut dimethyl amine oxide (5%) in the formulation of Example 1 as the nonionic with 5, 10, 15 and 20% sodium soap of soybean oil fatty acids (saponified and neutralized in situ) gave stable products.
• liquid compositions C and D were assessed for detergency in a Tergotometer at 60°C, 15 minutes washing, hardness 26° French hardness (only Ca 2+ ) at a dosage of 8, 3.5 and 11 g/l.
• Three types of soiled standard test pieces (WFK, ERTC and VCD) were used, and the number of repeats was 8.
• compositions were as follows:

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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Citations (5)

• 1981
  • 1981-06-16 DE DE8181200669T patent/DE3167922D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1981-06-16 AT AT81200669T patent/ATE10947T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1981-06-16 EP EP81200669A patent/EP0042648B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1981-06-17 ES ES503171A patent/ES503171A0/es active Granted
  • 1981-06-17 AU AU71900/81A patent/AU536755B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1981-06-17 IN IN175/BOM/81A patent/IN155098B/en unknown
  • 1981-06-17 PT PT73230A patent/PT73230B/pt unknown
  • 1981-06-18 GR GR65271A patent/GR75240B/el unknown
  • 1981-06-18 ZA ZA814129A patent/ZA814129B/xx unknown
  • 1981-06-18 DK DK268081A patent/DK268081A/da unknown
  • 1981-06-19 BR BR8103897A patent/BR8103897A/pt unknown
  • 1981-06-19 AR AR285776A patent/AR231148A1/es active
  • 1981-06-19 CA CA000380184A patent/CA1166547A/en not_active Expired
  • 1981-06-19 NO NO812098A patent/NO812098L/no unknown
  • 1981-06-19 JP JP56095162A patent/JPS604878B2/ja not_active Expired
  • 1981-06-22 PH PH25796A patent/PH17611A/en unknown

Patent Citations (5)

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