EP0038275A1 - Means for the continuous casting of hollow blanks - Google Patents
Means for the continuous casting of hollow blanks Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0038275A1 EP0038275A1 EP81420055A EP81420055A EP0038275A1 EP 0038275 A1 EP0038275 A1 EP 0038275A1 EP 81420055 A EP81420055 A EP 81420055A EP 81420055 A EP81420055 A EP 81420055A EP 0038275 A1 EP0038275 A1 EP 0038275A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- axis
- blank
- liquid metal
- individual
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021183 entrée Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/122—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ using magnetic fields
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/006—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
- B22D11/146—Plants for continuous casting for inclined casting
Definitions
- the device and the method which are the subject of the invention relate to the production by continuous casting of bars and tube blanks. They relate in the most general way to solid bars and blanks of metal tubes of all types, but apply more particularly to the manufacture of blanks of steel tubes of very different shades.
- French patent n ° 78 01761 describes a process which makes it possible to obtain, by continuous casting, hollow metallic blanks having an excellent internal and external surface condition.
- This process consists in introducing the liquid metal into a continuous casting mold of circular section, with a substantially vertical axis, the side wall of which is cooled, then in extracting the blank in the process of solidification at the bottom of the mold according to a curved path. so that, after having passed through a low point, this blank progressively rises to a level at least equal to that of the surface of the liquid metal in the mold, and is cut above this level.
- the quality of the tube blank obtained results from the combined action of two sets of electromagnetic inductors.
- a first set is distributed annularly around the axis of the mold in the area where the metal is poured and when it begins to solidify in contact with the wall of this mold.
- This assembly is supplied with low frequency alternating current, so as to cause a rotation of the liquid metal in the mold in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
- a second assembly is arranged around the blank in the zone where the latter, after passing through a low point, is reached by raising a level close to that of the liquid metal in the mold.
- This second set of electromagnetic inductors is distributed annularly around the blank whose periphery is solidified, but which still has a large liquid area in the vicinity of the axis.
- the means for extracting and guiding the blank are arranged along a curved trajectory with concavity turned upwards, which has a low point, then rises so as to reach a level corresponding substantially to the average level of the surface of the liquid metal in the mold, the trajectory then being made substantially rectilinear and forming an angle relative to the horizontal of between 5 and 25 °; in the vicinity of this level, around a trajectory of the blank, there is a second set of electromagnetic means for driving in rotation of the liquid metal, comprising inductor poles whose windings are supplied with polyphase current at a frequency significantly higher than that of the current which feeds the inductor poles of the assembly arranged around the axis of the mold, so as to create a rotating field capable of rotating a liquid metal, at least one inductor pole having an individual magnetomotor force different from the individual magnetomotive force of one or more other inducing poles, thus creating a dissymmetry with respect to
- the invention also relates to a process for the continuous casting of bars or blanks of tubes in which the device which is the subject of the invention is used, and the magnetomotive forces of the inductive poles arranged around the tube are adjusted asymmetrically.
- axis of the mold so that the surface of the molten metal inside the mold takes on an equilibrium profile of substantially parabolic section whose axis of symmetry is close to the axis of the mold.
- the extraction, guiding and cooling means are adjusted in a manner known to those skilled in the art, so as to make the blank traverse a trajectory during which it gradually solidifies, then is cut in a known manner.
- this trajectory generally joins the horizontal.
- the speed of supply of the mold in liquid metal, the speed of extraction and the conditions of cooling of the blank are adjusted. along the curved trajectory which it travels so that, when the blank reaches a level close to that of the surface of the liquid metal in the mold, this blank comprises a liquid axial zone whose diameter is at least equal to the diameter inside of the blank of the tube which it is proposed to produce.
- the magnetomotive forces of the inductive poles of the second electromagnetic rotational drive assembly are adjusted asymmetrically, so that the molten metal starts to rotate rapidly inside the blank, creating in the axial zone a well of relatively large length, the liquid walls of this well reaching an equilibrium profile substantially symmetrical with respect to an axis close to that of the blank.
- a mold (1) of circular cross section has an interior wall (2), for example of copper, behind which extends an annular space (3) in which, by means known per se, creating a circulation of water intended to cool the wall (2).
- an annular space (3) in which, by means known per se, creating a circulation of water intended to cool the wall (2).
- Inside the mold (1) are arranged with a determined angular offset inductors (4) supplied by a low frequency current, for example between 4 and 12 Hz.
- the inductors are arranged at the inside the mold in the space (3) and are thus themselves cooled by the water which circulates therein.
- the mold is inclined so that its longitudinal axis forms with the horizontal an angle between about 30 ° and 60 °; in the case of the figure, this angle is approximately 45 °.
- This mold is supplied with liquid metal from a distributor (5).
- This metal steel for example, cools against the wall (2) of the mold and a circular section blank emerges at the bottom of the mold.
- This blank is extracted continuously by means of guide rollers (9) along a curved path.
- the installation also comprises, in a conventional manner, secondary cooling means by spraying with water, not shown, in the casting path, as well as means for extracting the blank and discharging it.
- the electromagnetic fields created by the inductors cause the liquid metal inside the mold to rotate around the longitudinal axis with the formation of a meniscus (10).
- the asymmetry which it is necessary to establish in the magnetomotor forces depends on many factors: inclination of the axis of the mold, internal dimensions of the mold, physical properties of the metal or of the liquid alloy which is cast, characteristics of the electromagnetic circuits used, nature and frequency of the currents.
- FIG. 2 shows in more detail a casting mold similar to that of Figure 1.
- This copper mold (14) has a double wall inside which a hollow space (15) is traversed by cooling water introduced in (16) and discharged in (17).
- the longitudinal axis of this XY mold is inclined with respect to the horizontal at an angle a equal to 45 °.
- a nozzle (25) is crossed by a stream of liquid metal (26) from one; distributor not shown.
- This nozzle is substantially vertical as shown in Figure 2, and it is arranged so that the jet of liquid metal (27) strikes the surface (24) of the metal in rotation inside the mold at a point preferably offset by relative to the axis and chosen according to the direction of rotation imposed on the liquid metal by the rotating field, so as to give this metal an additional impulse.
- the point of impact of the jet preferably strikes the liquid metal at a distance from the axis of the mold of between approximately half and three quarters of the radius.
- the jet (27) of liquid metal strikes the surface of the metal in the area to the left of the axis and the rotating field is established so as to drive the liquid metal in the direction of the arrow.
- the end (18) of the mold in the area below the axis, is extended to prevent liquid metal spills to the outside in the event of a break in the magnetic drive.
- the upper pole (19) provides the greatest magnetomotive force and, moreover, as shown in the figures, it comprises, in the vicinity of the mold entrance, an additional winding (20) which increases the magnetomotive force in this area.
- the lower pole (21) provides the weakest magnetomotor force, while the two lateral poles (22) and (23) each provide an average magnetomotive force intermediate between the two extremes.
- the ratio between the maximum and minimum values of the magnetomotive force is generally adjusted between 2 and 10, depending on the operating conditions.
- the adjustment of these magnetomotor forces is obtained in a manner known to those skilled in the art by varying in one or more poles, either the intensity of the current, or the number of turns traversed by the current, or even the direction of the current in a part of the turns.
- the extraction and guiding means which comprise series of rollers such as (9) are arranged along a curved path with concavity turned upwards, and whose radius of curvature is generally 5 to 10 m so as to cancel the slope of descent of the blank, then to make it reach a constant slope of rise, in the vicinity of the mean level of the surface of the molten metal in the mold, having an angle of about 5 to 25 ° relative to the horizontal.
- the liquid metal feed speed, the extraction speed and the cooling conditions of the blank along its path are adjusted so that, when the blank reaches a level corresponding to that of the liquid metal in the mold, the section of the metal still liquid in the axial zone of the blank, has a diameter close to the inside diameter of the hollow blank we want to get.
- a second set of electromagnetic means (11) disposed around the trajectory of the blank creates a rotating field which causes the liquid metal to rotate rapidly inside the blank. with the formation of a kind of well (12).
- a polyphase current with a frequency between 50 and 300 Hz is preferably used.
- the invention can be applied in particular not only to the production of round bars, but also to that of bars of very varied sections, solid or hollow.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Le dispositif et le procédé qui font l'objet de l'invention concernent la fabrication par coulée continue de barres et d'ébauches de tubes. Ils concernent de la façon la plus générale les barres pleines et les ébauches de tubes métalliques de tous types, mais s'appliquent plus particulièrement à la fabrication d'ébauches de tubes en acier de nuances très diverses.The device and the method which are the subject of the invention relate to the production by continuous casting of bars and tube blanks. They relate in the most general way to solid bars and blanks of metal tubes of all types, but apply more particularly to the manufacture of blanks of steel tubes of very different shades.
Dans le cas des ébauches de tubes, le dispositif et le procédé s'appliquent le plus souvent à la réalisation d'ébauches de section circulaire.In the case of tube blanks, the device and the method most often apply to the production of circular section blanks.
Dans le cas des barres, ce dispositif et ce procédé s'appliquent à la réalisation de sectionsdroites non nécessairement circulaires.In the case of bars, this device and this method apply to the production of straight sections which are not necessarily circular.
Le brevet français n°78 01761 décrit un procédé qui permet d'obtenir, par coulée continue, des ébauches métalliques creuses présentant un excellent état de surface interne et externe. Ce procédé consiste à introduire le métal liquide dans un moule de coulée continue de section circulaire, à axe sensiblement vertical, dont la paroi latérale est refroidie, puis à extraire l'ébauche en cours de solidification à la partie inférieure du moule selon une trajectoire courbe de façon que, après être passée par un point bas, cette ébauche remonte progressivement jusqu'à un niveau au moins égal à celui de la surface du métal liquide dans le moule, et soit tronçonnée au-dessus de ce niveau. Dans ce procédé, la qualité de l'ébauche de tube obtenue résulte de l'action combinée de deux ensembles d'inducteurs électromagnétiques. Un premier ensemble est réparti de façon annulaire autour de l'axe du moule dans la zone de coulée du métal et de début de solidification de celui-ci au contact de la paroi de ce moule. Cet ensemble est alimenté en courant alternatif à basse fréquence, de façon à provoquer une rotation du métal liquide dans le moule de façon connue de l'homme de l'art.French patent n ° 78 01761 describes a process which makes it possible to obtain, by continuous casting, hollow metallic blanks having an excellent internal and external surface condition. This process consists in introducing the liquid metal into a continuous casting mold of circular section, with a substantially vertical axis, the side wall of which is cooled, then in extracting the blank in the process of solidification at the bottom of the mold according to a curved path. so that, after having passed through a low point, this blank progressively rises to a level at least equal to that of the surface of the liquid metal in the mold, and is cut above this level. In this process, the quality of the tube blank obtained results from the combined action of two sets of electromagnetic inductors. A first set is distributed annularly around the axis of the mold in the area where the metal is poured and when it begins to solidify in contact with the wall of this mold. This assembly is supplied with low frequency alternating current, so as to cause a rotation of the liquid metal in the mold in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
Un deuxième ensemble est disposé autour de l'ébauche dans la zone où celle-ci, après être passée par un point bas, atteint en remontant un niveau voisin de celui du métal liquide dans le moule. Ce deuxième ensemble d'inducteurs électromagnétiques est réparti de façon annulaire autour de l'ébauche dont la périphérie est solidifiée, mais qui comporte encore une zone liquide importante au voisinage de l'axe.A second assembly is arranged around the blank in the zone where the latter, after passing through a low point, is reached by raising a level close to that of the liquid metal in the mold. This second set of electromagnetic inductors is distributed annularly around the blank whose periphery is solidified, but which still has a large liquid area in the vicinity of the axis.
Il est alimenté en courant alternatif à une fréquence beaucoup plus élevée que le premier,de façon à provoquer une rotation rapide du métal liquide, qui forme, dans la zone axiale encore liquide de l'ébauche, un puits allongé de section sensiblement parabolique. L'ébauche étant extraite de façon continue, on obtient ainsi, grâce à la rotation rapide du métal encore liquide contre la paroi interne, une solidification de ce métal sur cette paroi interne de l'ébauche de façon extrêmement régulière qui confère à celle-ci un excellent état de surface et un grain très fin.It is supplied with alternating current at a frequency much higher than the first, so as to cause a rapid rotation of the liquid metal, which forms, in the still liquid axial zone of the blank, an elongated well of substantially parabolic section. The blank being extracted continuously, we thus obtain, thanks to the rapid rotation of the still liquid metal against the internal wall, a solidification of this metal on this internal wall of the blank in an extremely regular manner which gives it an excellent surface condition and a very fine grain.
Ce procédé, bien qu'il permette d'obtenir ainsi des ébauches creuses, présentant un très bon état de surface à l'état brut de coulée, a cependant l'inconvénient de nécessiter de courber à 180° la trajectoire de l'ébauche à la sortie du moule, puis de redresser cette trajectoire, puis de la prolonger ensuite verticalement.This process, although it thus makes it possible to obtain hollow blanks, having a very good surface condition in the raw casting state, has the disadvantage of requiring the curve of the blank to be bent at 180 °. out of the mold, then straighten this path, then extend it vertically.
On conçoit que de telles déformations successives le long de la trajectoire d'une ébauche qui comporte une paroi mince solidifiée, mais dont le coeur est liquide, nécessite un rayon de courbure élevé, qui est fonction de la section de cette ébauche, et des moyens de guidage très précis pour éviter une fissuration de la paroi. De plus, les moyens de refroidissement doivent être réglés avec une grande précision pour éviter, soit les ruptures de paroi trop mince, soit au contraire les surépaisseurs qui accroissent les contraintes auxquelles sont soumis les moyens de guidage. Par ailleurs, ce dispositif nécessite un espace vertical important au-dessous du moule. Cet espace est au moins égal à la distance verticale entre l'extrémité inférieure du moule et le point bas de la trajectoire de l'ébauche, et dépend donc de la section de celle-ci.It is understood that such successive deformations along the trajectory of a blank which has a solidified thin wall, but whose core is liquid, requires a high radius of curvature, which is a function of the section of this blank, and of the means very precise guide to avoid cracking of the wall. In addition, the cooling means must be adjusted with great precision to avoid either ruptures of too thin wall, or on the contrary the extra thicknesses which increase the stresses to which the guide means are subjected. Furthermore, this device requires a large vertical space below the mold. This space is at least equal to the vertical distance between the lower end of the mold and the low point of the trajectory of the blank, and therefore depends on the section thereof.
Dans le cas de l'exemple donné dans le FR 78 01761, pour une ébauche cylindrique de 223 mm de diamètre, le rayon de courbure est déjà de 4 m, et pour des produits de plus forte section on pourra atteindre des rayons de 10 m ou davantage.In the case of the example given in FR 78 01761, for a cylindrical blank of 223 mm in diameter, the radius of curvature is already 4 m, and for products of larger cross section, radii of 10 m can be reached or more.
On a donc recherché la possibilité de réaliser un dispositif de coulée continue d'ébauches de tubes ne nécessitant pas d'espace vertical important disponible au-dessous du moule de coulée et permettant de limiter considérablement la courbure imposée à l'ébauche à sa sortie de ce moule, et tout le long de sa trajectoire ultérieure.We therefore sought the possibility of producing a device for the continuous casting of tube blanks which does not require a large vertical space available below the casting mold and which makes it possible to considerably limit the curvature imposed on the preform at its exit from this mold, and all along its subsequent trajectory.
Le dispositif de coulée continue de barres ou d'ébauches de tubes suivant l'invention comprend :
- - un moule de coulée continue dont l'axe longitudinal est incliné par rapport à l'horizontale suivant un angle compris entre environ 30° et 60°, ce moule comportant une ouverture d'introduction du métal liquide à l'extrémité supérieure, et une ouverture d'extraction du métal partiellement solidifié à l'extrémité inférieure,
- - des moyens d'introduction du métal liquide,
- - des moyens de refroidissement du moule,
- - des moyens électromagnétiques d'entraînement en rotation du métal liquide dans le moule, comprenant des pôles inducteurs dont les enroulements sont alimentés en courant polyphasé à basse fréquence, et disposés autour de l'axe du moule, de façon à créer un champ tournant capable d'entraîner en rotation le métal liquide, au moins un pôle inducteur ayant une force magnétomotrice individuelle différente de la force magnétomotrice individuelle d'un ou plusieurs autres pôles inducteurs, créant ainsi une dissymétrie par rapport à l'axe du moule, des forces auxquelles est soumis le métal liquide,
- - des moyens d'extraction et de guidage du métal coulé partiellement solidifié à partir de l'ouverture d'extraction du moule,
- - des moyens de refroidissement permettant d'obtenir la solidification progressive du métal coulé.
- a continuous casting mold, the longitudinal axis of which is inclined relative to the horizontal at an angle of between approximately 30 ° and 60 °, this mold comprising an opening for introducing liquid metal at the upper end, and a partially solidified metal extraction opening at the lower end,
- means for introducing the liquid metal,
- - means for cooling the mold,
- - electromagnetic means for driving the molten metal in rotation in the mold, comprising inductor poles whose windings are supplied with low frequency polyphase current, and arranged around the axis of the mold, so as to create a rotating field capable to cause the molten metal to rotate, at least one inductor pole having an individual magnetomotor force different from the individual magnetomotor force of one or more other inductor poles, thus creating an asymmetry with respect to the axis of the mold, of the forces at which the liquid metal is subjected,
- means for extracting and guiding the partially solidified cast metal from the extraction opening of the mold,
- - cooling means making it possible to obtain progressive solidification of the cast metal.
Dans le cas où le dispositif suivant l'invention est appliqué à la coulée d'ébauches de tubes, les moyens d'extraction et de guidage de l'ébauche, sont disposés le long d'une trajectoire courbe à concavité tournée vers le haut, qui comporte un point bas, puis remonte de façon à rejoindre un niveau correspondant sensiblement au niveau moyen de la surface du métal liquide dans le moule, la trajectoire étant alors rendue sensiblement rectiligne et formant un angle par rapport à l'horizontale compris entre 5 et 25° ; on dispose au voisinage de ce niveau, autour de la trajectoire de l'ébauche, un deuxième ensemble de moyens électromagnétiques d'entraînement en rotation du métal liquide, comprenant des pôles inducteurs dont les enroulements sont alimentés en courant polyphasé à fréquence nettement supérieure à celle du courant qui alimente les pôles inducteurs de l'ensemble disposé autour de l'axe du moule, de façon à créer un champ tournant capable d'entraîner en rotation un métal liquide, au moins un pôle inducteur ayant une force magnétomotrice individuelle différente de la force magnétomotrice individuelle d'un ou plusieurs autres pôles inducteurs, créant ainsi une dissymétriepar rapport à la trajectoire de l'ébauche, des forces auxquelles est soumis le métal liquide.In the case where the device according to the invention is applied to the casting of tube blanks, the means for extracting and guiding the blank are arranged along a curved trajectory with concavity turned upwards, which has a low point, then rises so as to reach a level corresponding substantially to the average level of the surface of the liquid metal in the mold, the trajectory then being made substantially rectilinear and forming an angle relative to the horizontal of between 5 and 25 °; in the vicinity of this level, around a trajectory of the blank, there is a second set of electromagnetic means for driving in rotation of the liquid metal, comprising inductor poles whose windings are supplied with polyphase current at a frequency significantly higher than that of the current which feeds the inductor poles of the assembly arranged around the axis of the mold, so as to create a rotating field capable of rotating a liquid metal, at least one inductor pole having an individual magnetomotor force different from the individual magnetomotive force of one or more other inducing poles, thus creating a dissymmetry with respect to the trajectory of the blank, of the forces to which the liquid metal is subjected.
L'invention concerne également un procédé de coulée continue de barres ou d'ébauches de tubes dans lequel on utilise le dispositif qui fait l'objet de l'inventiôn, et on ajuste de façon dissymétrique les forces magnétomotrices des pôles inducteurs disposés autour de l'axe du moule, de façon que la surface du métal liquide en rotation à l'intérieur du moule prenne un profil d'équilibre de section sensiblement parabolique dont l'axe de symétrie est voisin de l'axe du moule.The invention also relates to a process for the continuous casting of bars or blanks of tubes in which the device which is the subject of the invention is used, and the magnetomotive forces of the inductive poles arranged around the tube are adjusted asymmetrically. axis of the mold, so that the surface of the molten metal inside the mold takes on an equilibrium profile of substantially parabolic section whose axis of symmetry is close to the axis of the mold.
Dans le cas de la coulée de barres pleines, les moyens d'extraction, de guidage et de refroidissement, sont réglés de façon connue de l'homme de l'art, de manière à faire parcourir à l'ébauche une trajectoire au cours de laquelle elle se solidifie progressivement, puis est ensuite tronçonnée de façon connue. De façon préférentielle, cette trajectoire rejoint généralement l'horizontale.In the case of the casting of solid bars, the extraction, guiding and cooling means are adjusted in a manner known to those skilled in the art, so as to make the blank traverse a trajectory during which it gradually solidifies, then is cut in a known manner. Preferably, this trajectory generally joins the horizontal.
Dans le cas où-le procédé suivant l'invention est appliqué à la coulée d'ébauches de tubes, on règle la vitesse d'alimentation du moule en métal liquide, la vitesse d'extraction, et les conditions de refroidissement de l'ébauche le long de la trajectoire courbe qu'elle parcourt de façon que,lorsque l'ébauche atteint un niveau voisin de celui de la surface du métal liquide dans le moule, cette ébauche comporte une zone axiale liquide dont le diamètre est au moins égal au diamètre intérieur de l'ébauche du tube qu'on se propose de réaliser. De plus, on ajuste de façon dissymétrique les forces magnétomotrices des pôles inducteurs du deuxième ensemble électromagnétique d'entraînement en rotation, de façon que le métal liquide se mette en rotation rapide à l'intérieur de l'ébauche, en créant dans la zone axiale un puits de longueur relativement importante, les parois liquides de ce puits atteignant un profil d'équilibre sensiblement symétrique par rapport à un axe voisin de celui de l'ébauche.In the case where the process according to the invention is applied to the casting of tube blanks, the speed of supply of the mold in liquid metal, the speed of extraction and the conditions of cooling of the blank are adjusted. along the curved trajectory which it travels so that, when the blank reaches a level close to that of the surface of the liquid metal in the mold, this blank comprises a liquid axial zone whose diameter is at least equal to the diameter inside of the blank of the tube which it is proposed to produce. In addition, the magnetomotive forces of the inductive poles of the second electromagnetic rotational drive assembly are adjusted asymmetrically, so that the molten metal starts to rotate rapidly inside the blank, creating in the axial zone a well of relatively large length, the liquid walls of this well reaching an equilibrium profile substantially symmetrical with respect to an axis close to that of the blank.
La description et les figures ci-après, permettent de mieux comprendre de façon non limitative, les caractéristiques du dispositif et du procédé qui font l'objet de l'invention.
- La figure 1 représente en coupe le dispositif suivant l'invention appliqué à la réalisation d'ébauches de tubes.
- La figure 2 est une vue plus détaillée du moule de coulée représenté figure 1.
- La figure 3 est une vue de l'entrée du moule de la figure 2 suivant l'axe XY.
- Figure 1 shows in section the device according to the invention applied to the production of tube blanks.
- FIG. 2 is a more detailed view of the casting mold shown in FIG. 1.
- Figure 3 is a view of the mold entrance of Figure 2 along the XY axis.
Comme le montre la figure 1, un moule (1) de section circulaire, comporte une paroi intérieure (2), par exemple en cuivre, derrière laquelle s'étend un espace annulaire (3) dans lequel, par des moyens en soi connus, on crée une circulation d'eau destinée à refroidir la paroi (2). A l'intérieur du moule (1) sont disposés avec un décalage angulaire déterminé des inducteurs (4) alimentés par un courant à basse fréquence, par exemple comprise entre 4 et 12 Hz. Dans l'exemple représenté, les inducteurs sont disposés à l'intérieur du moule dans l'espace (3) et sont ainsi eux-mêmes refroidis par l'eau qui y circule.As shown in FIG. 1, a mold (1) of circular cross section, has an interior wall (2), for example of copper, behind which extends an annular space (3) in which, by means known per se, creating a circulation of water intended to cool the wall (2). Inside the mold (1) are arranged with a determined angular offset inductors (4) supplied by a low frequency current, for example between 4 and 12 Hz. In the example shown, the inductors are arranged at the inside the mold in the space (3) and are thus themselves cooled by the water which circulates therein.
Le moule est incliné de telle manière que son axe longitudinal forme avec l'horizontale un angle compris entre environ 30° et 60° ; dans le cas de la figure, cet angle est d'environ 45°.The mold is inclined so that its longitudinal axis forms with the horizontal an angle between about 30 ° and 60 °; in the case of the figure, this angle is approximately 45 °.
Ce moule est alimenté en métal liquide à partir d'un répartiteur (5). Ce métal, de l'acier par exemple, se refroidit contre la paroi (2) du moule et une ébauche de section circulaire sort à la partie inférieure du moule. Cette ébauche est extraite de façon continue par l'intermédiaire de galets (9) de guidage selon un trajet courbe. L'installation comprend en outre de manière conventionnelle, des moyens de refroidissement secondaires par pulvérisation d'eau, non représentés, dans le trajet de coulée, ainsi que des moyens pour extraire l'ébauche et l'évacuer.This mold is supplied with liquid metal from a distributor (5). This metal, steel for example, cools against the wall (2) of the mold and a circular section blank emerges at the bottom of the mold. This blank is extracted continuously by means of guide rollers (9) along a curved path. The installation also comprises, in a conventional manner, secondary cooling means by spraying with water, not shown, in the casting path, as well as means for extracting the blank and discharging it.
Les champs électromagnétiques créés par les inducteurs provoquent dans le métal liquide à l'intérieur du moule une rotation autour de l'axe longitudinal avec formation d'un ménisque (10)..The electromagnetic fields created by the inductors cause the liquid metal inside the mold to rotate around the longitudinal axis with the formation of a meniscus (10).
L'expérience ayant montré qu'il n'est pas possible d'obtenir un ménisque stable et symétrique par rapport à l'axe en utilisant un ensemble d'inducteurs présentant des forces magnétomotrices équilibrées, à cause de l'inclinaison du moule, on a introduit, suivant l'invention, une dissymétrie dans ces forces magnétomotrices, en augmentant la force magnétomotrice individuelle créée par au moins un pôle inducteur dans la zone supérieure par rapport à l'axe du moule, par ran- port à la force magnétomotrice individuelle créée par au moins un pôle inducteur dans la zone inférieure.Experience having shown that it is not possible to obtain a stable and symmetric meniscus with respect to the axis by using a set of inductors having balanced magnetomotor forces, because of the inclination of the mold, we introduced, according to the invention, an asymmetry in these magnetomotor forces, by increasing the individual magnetomotive force produced by at least one inductor pole in the upper zone relative to the mold axis, by ran- port to the individual magnetomotive force produced by at least one po e the inductor in the lower region.
Pour compenser ainsi la composante transversale de la force de la pesanteur par rapport à l'axe du moule, la dissymétrie qu'il convient d'établir dans les forces magnétomotrices, dépend de nombreux facteurs : inclinaison de l'axe du moule, dimensions intérieures du moule, propriétés physiques du métal ou de l'alliage liquide qui est coulé, caractéristiques des circuits électromagnétiques utilisés, nature et fréquence des courants.To compensate for the transverse component of the force of gravity with respect to the axis of the mold, the asymmetry which it is necessary to establish in the magnetomotor forces, depends on many factors: inclination of the axis of the mold, internal dimensions of the mold, physical properties of the metal or of the liquid alloy which is cast, characteristics of the electromagnetic circuits used, nature and frequency of the currents.
La figure 2 représente de façon plus détaillée, un moule de coulée analogue à celui de la figure 1. Ce moule en cuivre (14) comporte une double paroi à l'intérieur de laquelle un espace creux (15) est parcouru par de l'eau de refroidissement introduite en (16) et évacuée en (17). L'axe longitudinal de ce moule XY est incliriê par rap port à l'horizontale suivant un angle a égal à 45°. Une busette (25) est traversée par un courant de métal liquide (26) issu d'un; répartiteur non représenté . Cette busette est sensiblement verticale comme le montre la figure 2,et elle est disposés de façon que le jet de métal liquide (27) frappe la surface (24) du métal en rotation à l'intérieur du moule en un point de préférence décalé par rapport à l'axe et choisi en fonction du sens de rotation imposé au métal liquide par le champ tournant, de façon à donner à ce métal une impulsion supplémentaire. Une telle impulsion est d'autant plus efficace que le point d'impact du jet est proche de la paroi du moule. On doit cependant éviter que le métal liquide à haute température frappe le moule, ce qui risquerait de l'endommager. Dans la pratique, le point d'impact du jet frappe de préférence le métal liquide à une distance de l'axe du moule comprise entre environ la moitié et les trois quarts du rayon. Comme le montre la figure 3, le jét (27) de métal liquide frappe la surface du métal dans la zone située à gauche de l'axe et le champ tournant est établi de façon à entraîner le métal liquide dans le sens de la flèche.Figure 2 shows in more detail a casting mold similar to that of Figure 1. This copper mold (14) has a double wall inside which a hollow space (15) is traversed by cooling water introduced in (16) and discharged in (17). The longitudinal axis of this XY mold is inclined with respect to the horizontal at an angle a equal to 45 °. A nozzle (25) is crossed by a stream of liquid metal (26) from one; distributor not shown. This nozzle is substantially vertical as shown in Figure 2, and it is arranged so that the jet of liquid metal (27) strikes the surface (24) of the metal in rotation inside the mold at a point preferably offset by relative to the axis and chosen according to the direction of rotation imposed on the liquid metal by the rotating field, so as to give this metal an additional impulse. Such an impulse is all the more effective as the point of impact of the jet is close to the wall of the mold. However, care should be taken to avoid molten metal at high temperature hitting the mold, which could damage it. In practice, the point of impact of the jet preferably strikes the liquid metal at a distance from the axis of the mold of between approximately half and three quarters of the radius. As shown in Figure 3, the jet (27) of liquid metal strikes the surface of the metal in the area to the left of the axis and the rotating field is established so as to drive the liquid metal in the direction of the arrow.
On voit donc que l'impact du jet contribue effectivement à accélérer la rotation du liquide.It can therefore be seen that the impact of the jet effectively contributes to accelerating the rotation of the liquid.
L'extrémité (18) du moule dans la zone située au-dessous de l'axe, est prolongée pour éviter les déversements de métal liquide à l'extérieur en cas de coupure de l'entraînement magnétique.The end (18) of the mold in the area below the axis, is extended to prevent liquid metal spills to the outside in the event of a break in the magnetic drive.
Comme le montrent les figures 2 et 3, 4 pôles inducteurs alimentés en courant diphasé, sont disposés dans la double paroi du moule.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, 4 inductor poles supplied with two-phase current are arranged in the double wall of the mold.
Le pôle supérieur (19) fournit la force magnétomotrice la plus grande et, de plus, comme le montrent les figures, il comporte au voisinage de l'entrée du moule, un enroulement supplémentaire (20) qui accroît la force magnétomotrice dans cette zone. Le pôle inférieur (21) fournit la force magnétomotrice la plus faible, tandis que les deux pôles latéraux (22) et (23) fournissent chacun une force magnétomotrice moyenne intermédiaire entre les deux extrêmes.The upper pole (19) provides the greatest magnetomotive force and, moreover, as shown in the figures, it comprises, in the vicinity of the mold entrance, an additional winding (20) which increases the magnetomotive force in this area. The lower pole (21) provides the weakest magnetomotor force, while the two lateral poles (22) and (23) each provide an average magnetomotive force intermediate between the two extremes.
Le rapport entre les valeurs maximale et minimale de la force magnétomotrice est généralement ajusté entre 2 et 10, suivant les conditions opératoires. L'ajustement de ces forces magnétomotrices est obtenu de façon connue de l'homme de l'art en faisant varier dans un ou plusieurs pôles, soit l'intensité du courant, soit le nombre de spires parcourues par le courant, soit encore le sens du courant dans une partie des spires.The ratio between the maximum and minimum values of the magnetomotive force is generally adjusted between 2 and 10, depending on the operating conditions. The adjustment of these magnetomotor forces is obtained in a manner known to those skilled in the art by varying in one or more poles, either the intensity of the current, or the number of turns traversed by the current, or even the direction of the current in a part of the turns.
Dans le cas des figures 2 et 3, pour un diamètre intérieur du moule d'environ140 mm, et une alimentation en courant diphasé à la fréquence de 4 Hz, le rapport des forces magnétomotrices maximale et minimale est de 8.In the case of FIGS. 2 and 3, for an internal diameter of the mold of approximately 140 mm, and a two-phase current supply at the frequency of 4 Hz, the ratio of the maximum and minimum magnetomotor forces is 8.
Comme le montre la figure 1, lorsque le dispositif suivant l'invention est utilisé pour la production d'ébauches creuses, les moyens d'extraction et de guidage qui comportent des séries de galets tels que (9) sont disposés suivant une trajectoire courbe à concavité tournée vers le haut, et dont le rayon de courbure est généralement de 5 à 10 m de façon à annuler la pente de descente de l'ébauche, puis à lui faire atteindre une pente de montée constante, au voisinage du niveau moyen de la surface du métal liquide dans le moulé, présentant un angle d'environ 5 à 25° par rapport à l'horizontale. La vitesse d'alimentation en métal liquide, la vitesse d'extraction et les conditions de refroidissement de l'ébauche le long de sa trajectoire, sont réglées de façon que, au moment où l'ébauche atteint un niveau correspondant à celui du métal liquide dans le moule, la section du métal encore liquide dans la zone axiale de l'ébauche, ait un diamètre voisin du diamètre intérieur de l'ébauche creuse qu'on veut obtenir. A ce niveau, comme le montre la figure 1, un deuxième ensemble de moyens électromagnétiques (11) disposé autour de la trajectoire de l'ébauche, crée un champ tournant qui provoque à l'intérieur de l'ébauche une rotation rapide du métal liquide avec formation d'une sorte de puits (12).As shown in FIG. 1, when the device according to the invention is used for the production of hollow blanks, the extraction and guiding means which comprise series of rollers such as (9) are arranged along a curved path with concavity turned upwards, and whose radius of curvature is generally 5 to 10 m so as to cancel the slope of descent of the blank, then to make it reach a constant slope of rise, in the vicinity of the mean level of the surface of the molten metal in the mold, having an angle of about 5 to 25 ° relative to the horizontal. The liquid metal feed speed, the extraction speed and the cooling conditions of the blank along its path are adjusted so that, when the blank reaches a level corresponding to that of the liquid metal in the mold, the section of the metal still liquid in the axial zone of the blank, has a diameter close to the inside diameter of the hollow blank we want to get. At this level, as shown in FIG. 1, a second set of electromagnetic means (11) disposed around the trajectory of the blank, creates a rotating field which causes the liquid metal to rotate rapidly inside the blank. with the formation of a kind of well (12).
Pour obtenir de bons résultats, il est nécessaire d'établir à ce niveau un champ tournant beaucoup plus rapide que celui qui est établi autour du moule de coulée. Dans ce but, on utilise de préférence un courant polyphasé à fréquence comprise entre 50 et 300 Hz.To obtain good results, it is necessary to establish at this level a rotating field much faster than that which is established around the casting mold. For this purpose, a polyphase current with a frequency between 50 and 300 Hz is preferably used.
Dans le cas de cet exemple, pour une pente de montée de 15°, et dans le cas d'une ébauche d'environ 140 mm de diamètre, on a utilisé un ensemble de 3 pôles inducteurs (11) disposés autour de l'ébauche, et alimentés en courant triphasé à une fréquence de 200 Hz.In the case of this example, for a climb slope of 15 °, and in the case of a blank of approximately 140 mm in diameter, a set of 3 inductor poles (11) was used arranged around the blank , and supplied with three-phase current at a frequency of 200 Hz.
Il est également nécessaire à ce niveau, pour permettre l'obtention d'un puits de métal liquide stable et symétrique par rapport à l'axe de l'ébauche, d'introduire une dissymétrie importante entre les forces magnétomotrices produites dans la zone inférieure située au-dessous de l'axe de l'ébauche, et dans la zone supérieure située au-dessus de cet axe. Pour y parvenir, on a disposé les 3 pôles inducteurs de façon que l'un d'eux soit dans la zone inférieure, son axe étant sensiblement à la verticale de l'axe de l'ébauche, et les 2 autres pSIes étant dans la zone supérieure. De plus, la force magnétomotrice individuelle du pôle inférieur a été calculée de façon à être 3 fois plus faible que celle de chacun des 2 autres pôles. Dans ces conditions, on a constaté effectivement la formation d'un puits de métal liquide dont la profondeur, mesurée parallèlement à l'axe de l'ébauche, est nettement supérieure au diamètre. Les parois liquides de ce puits, ont une section suivant un plan passant par l'axe de l'ébauche sensiblement parabolique, l'axe de la parabole étant pratiquement confondu avec celui de l'ébauche.It is also necessary at this level, to allow obtaining a liquid metal well stable and symmetrical with respect to the axis of the blank, to introduce a significant asymmetry between the magnetomotor forces produced in the lower zone located below the axis of the blank, and in the upper zone located above this axis. To achieve this, we have arranged the 3 inductor poles so that one of them is in the lower zone, its axis being substantially vertical to the axis of the blank, and the other 2 p SIes being in the upper area. In addition, the individual magnetomotor force of the lower pole was calculated to be 3 times lower than that of each of the other 2 poles. Under these conditions, the formation of a liquid metal well has indeed been observed, the depth of which, measured parallel to the axis of the blank, is clearly greater than the diameter. The liquid walls of this well have a section along a plane passing through the axis of the roughly parabolic blank, the axis of the parabola being practically coincident with that of the blank.
Le mouvement de rotation rapide du métal liquide à ce niveau, et la dissymétrie des forces magnétomotrices qui permet de compenser"les effets de la pesanteur, permettent d'égaliser la surface interne de la paroi solide de l'ébauche et d'obtenir ainsi une ébauche creuse dont les parois internes présentent une grande régularité d'épaisseur et un excellent état de surface. Au-delà de l'ensemble électromagnétique (11), et après solidification complète, des moyens connus de tronçonnage (13) permettent de couper l'ébauche en tronçons de la longueur désirée.The rapid rotational movement of the liquid metal at this level, and the asymmetry of the magnetomotor forces which makes it possible to compensate for "the effects of gravity, make it possible to equalize the internal surface of the solid wall of the blank and thus obtain hollow blank whose internal walls have a great regularity of thickness and an excellent surface state. Beyond the electromagnetic assembly (11), and after complete solidification, known means of cutting (13) make it possible to cut the roughing in sections of the desired length.
De très nombreux modes de réalisation du dispositif suivant l'invention et du procédé de mise en oeuvre de celui-ci, peuvent être envisagés.Numerous embodiments of the device according to the invention and of the method for implementing it, can be envisaged.
L'invention peut s'appliquer en particulier non seulement à la production de barres rondes, mais encore à celle de barres de sections très variées, pleines ou creuses.The invention can be applied in particular not only to the production of round bars, but also to that of bars of very varied sections, solid or hollow.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT81420055T ATE14277T1 (en) | 1980-04-15 | 1981-04-14 | DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING OF TUBE TUBE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8008402 | 1980-04-15 | ||
FR8008402A FR2480156A2 (en) | 1980-04-15 | 1980-04-15 | DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING OF METALS, IN PARTICULAR STEEL |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0038275A1 true EP0038275A1 (en) | 1981-10-21 |
EP0038275B1 EP0038275B1 (en) | 1985-07-17 |
Family
ID=9240890
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP81420055A Expired EP0038275B1 (en) | 1980-04-15 | 1981-04-14 | Means for the continuous casting of hollow blanks |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0038275B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS57500465A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE14277T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3171375D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2480156A2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1981002990A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0089134A1 (en) * | 1982-03-03 | 1983-09-21 | Unitika Ltd. | Method of manufacturing thin metal wire |
WO1987001632A1 (en) * | 1985-09-13 | 1987-03-26 | Erik Olsson Ag | Method and apparatus for continuous casting |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4566526A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1986-01-28 | Concast, Incorporated | Method and apparatus for semi-horizontal continuous casting |
ATE107878T1 (en) * | 1987-09-07 | 1994-07-15 | Danieli Off Mecc | CASTING PROCESS FOR A CONTINUOUS CASTING DEVICE WITH REDUCED HEIGHT AND THE RESULTING IMMERSION NOZZLE. |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1226250B (en) * | 1952-09-06 | 1966-10-06 | Ver Leichtmetallwerke Gmbh | Continuous casting process |
FR1507869A (en) * | 1966-01-13 | 1967-12-29 | Concast Inc | Method and device for continuous casting of steel |
FR2414969A1 (en) * | 1978-01-23 | 1979-08-17 | Creusot Loire | CONTINUOUS CASTING PROCESS FOR METALS, ESPECIALLY STEEL, DEVICE FOR PROCESSING AND HOLLOW METAL BLANK OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS |
-
1980
- 1980-04-15 FR FR8008402A patent/FR2480156A2/en active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-04-14 AT AT81420055T patent/ATE14277T1/en active
- 1981-04-14 EP EP81420055A patent/EP0038275B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-04-14 DE DE8181420055T patent/DE3171375D1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-04-14 WO PCT/FR1981/000051 patent/WO1981002990A1/en unknown
- 1981-04-14 JP JP56501252A patent/JPS57500465A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1226250B (en) * | 1952-09-06 | 1966-10-06 | Ver Leichtmetallwerke Gmbh | Continuous casting process |
FR1507869A (en) * | 1966-01-13 | 1967-12-29 | Concast Inc | Method and device for continuous casting of steel |
FR2414969A1 (en) * | 1978-01-23 | 1979-08-17 | Creusot Loire | CONTINUOUS CASTING PROCESS FOR METALS, ESPECIALLY STEEL, DEVICE FOR PROCESSING AND HOLLOW METAL BLANK OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0089134A1 (en) * | 1982-03-03 | 1983-09-21 | Unitika Ltd. | Method of manufacturing thin metal wire |
WO1987001632A1 (en) * | 1985-09-13 | 1987-03-26 | Erik Olsson Ag | Method and apparatus for continuous casting |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0038275B1 (en) | 1985-07-17 |
FR2480156B2 (en) | 1982-04-23 |
ATE14277T1 (en) | 1985-08-15 |
DE3171375D1 (en) | 1985-08-22 |
WO1981002990A1 (en) | 1981-10-29 |
FR2480156A2 (en) | 1981-10-16 |
JPS57500465A (en) | 1982-03-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CA1091787A (en) | Process and apparatus for the electromagnetic stirring of continuous meltflow metallic compositions | |
EP0275228B1 (en) | Process and device for melting and continuously casting metals | |
FR2659036A1 (en) | DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING A MOLTEN METAL CURRENT FOR PROJECTION FORMING. | |
EP0092477B1 (en) | Process and apparatus for casting hollow steel ingots | |
EP0038275B1 (en) | Means for the continuous casting of hollow blanks | |
EP0005676A2 (en) | Electromagnetic agitating process applied to continuous casting | |
EP1677928B1 (en) | Electromagnetic agitation method for continuous casting of metal products having an elongate section | |
FR2481968A1 (en) | PROCESS FOR CONTINUOUS STEEL CASTING | |
EP0268627A1 (en) | Method and device for the granulation of a molten material. | |
WO2006108874A1 (en) | Method for continuous casting of blanks of metal sections | |
EP0050581A1 (en) | Process and apparatus for continuously casting hollow metal ingots | |
EP0083611B1 (en) | High speed continuous vertical casting process for aluminium and its alloys | |
WO1986001756A1 (en) | Method for regulating the level of the contact line of the free metal surface with the ingot mould in a continuous vertical casting | |
EP0240482B1 (en) | Installation for casting steel | |
EP0452294B1 (en) | Method and device for the continuous casting of a metal | |
FR2759309A1 (en) | METAL TUBES AND METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR MAKING SAME | |
EP0290423B1 (en) | Device for continuously manufacturing a thin metal strip | |
FR2595597A1 (en) | DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING THE LEVEL OF THE CONTACT LINE OF THE FREE SURFACE OF THE METAL WITH THE LINGOTIERE IN A VERTICAL CASTING | |
FR2525131A1 (en) | Casting large hollow steel ingots - using gas cooled metal core | |
BE1001298A6 (en) | Device for continuous fabrication of thin metal strip - from a molten metal such as steel | |
FR2525508A1 (en) | Thin amorphous metals prodn. - from molten jet flattened magnetically and super-quenched | |
EP0502802A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for continuous casting of thin wire from a metal melt | |
BE895357A (en) | Continuous casting of metals - with heated mould and cooled dummy bar | |
FR2521886A3 (en) | Casting pipe for continuous casting mould - has side outlets co-operating with mould walls to produce melt rotation | |
WO2017198500A1 (en) | Vertical semi-continuous casting mould comprising a cooling device |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT LU SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19811112 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed | ||
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT LU SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 14277 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19850815 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3171375 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19850822 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
ITTA | It: last paid annual fee | ||
EPTA | Lu: last paid annual fee | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19930315 Year of fee payment: 13 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19930315 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 19930316 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 19930319 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19930325 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19930415 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Payment date: 19930430 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19940414 Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19940414 Ref country code: AT Effective date: 19940414 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19940415 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Effective date: 19940430 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: CREUSOT/LOIRE-VALLOUREC Effective date: 19940430 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19940414 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19941229 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19950103 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 81420055.6 Effective date: 19941110 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |