EP0036999B2 - Process and device for the ultimate storage of contaminated solid materials - Google Patents

Process and device for the ultimate storage of contaminated solid materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0036999B2
EP0036999B2 EP81101939A EP81101939A EP0036999B2 EP 0036999 B2 EP0036999 B2 EP 0036999B2 EP 81101939 A EP81101939 A EP 81101939A EP 81101939 A EP81101939 A EP 81101939A EP 0036999 B2 EP0036999 B2 EP 0036999B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lid
container
waste container
shielding
conduit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP81101939A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0036999A3 (en
EP0036999A2 (en
EP0036999B1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Kratz
Erich Marr
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Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Kraftwerk Union AG
Siemens AG
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Application filed by Kraftwerk Union AG, Siemens AG filed Critical Kraftwerk Union AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/008—Apparatus specially adapted for mixing or disposing radioactively contamined material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/28—Treating solids
    • G21F9/30—Processing
    • G21F9/301—Processing by fixation in stable solid media
    • G21F9/302—Processing by fixation in stable solid media in an inorganic matrix
    • G21F9/304—Cement or cement-like matrix

Definitions

  • the invention consists of a method according to claim 1 and an apparatus for performing this method.
  • the solids which are primarily intended to mean ion exchange resins, can only have a granular structure, because they are to be transported by pumps and, if necessary, stirred to mix with the binder.
  • the solids are to be poured into landfill containers in the nuclear power plant, into which the binder is then poured through a lost cover.
  • the invention is based on the task of simplifying the final storage for filter cartridges or filter cartridge inserts, which are known to have to be handled with special grippers.
  • filter cartridges or filter cartridge inserts are prepared for final storage in such a way that they are dried in the waste container provided for this purpose, for example a so-called standard barrel, and then poured with hot bitumen. The pouring process takes 30 minutes or more. In this way, cavities are avoided, which could otherwise arise due to the shrinking of the bitumen. The loading of the waste container is left open.
  • a special transport process is spared because the contaminated filter cartridges are brought into the waste container with the transport means that are necessary for their operation.
  • the final storage capacity is then produced by adding the binder.
  • This is preferably concrete or cement milk, which can be transported and filled without special equipment. All that is required is a transport vessel, optionally provided with mixing devices, for example in the manner of a cement mixer, as used on construction sites, with a downstream thick matter pump. This allows the binder to be filled through the lid. After filling, which results in a shield, the lid is removed and replaced for the waste container by a closure that can be disposed of. The shielding container remains open until it is used again, in which it again receives a waste container.
  • the waste container is preferably connected to an exhaust system during the filling process via a coupling point provided on the cover. This can prevent radioactivity from spreading with the gas that is produced and escapes during filling.
  • the filling level can be checked during the filling process with the aid of an opening through the lid. This can be done by observation so that one window is sufficient. But you can also use probes or dipsticks to determine the filling distance.
  • a shielding container known per se has a lid that fits onto its loading opening, that has a seal on the inside of the container for a waste container enclosed by the shielding container, and that at least on the outside of the cover a coupling point is provided for connecting an outer to a line leading through the cover.
  • the line can advantageously lead obliquely through the cover so as not to interrupt the shielding in the area of the cover. It can be angled for the same purpose.
  • Inclined is also understood to mean a shape in which the line is led helically through the cover. At the ends of the helix there can be bends that lower one towards the cover surface right exit. It is also possible for the line to comprise an exchangeable lining. This can prevent it from becoming blocked by binders during use.
  • the exemplary embodiment is filter candles 2, which are obtained, for example, in the wastewater or coolant cleaning system of a nuclear power plant, in particular a pressurized water reactor. These filter candles 2 are removed from their filter housings with grippers (not shown) as a means of transport by remote control.
  • the shielding container 1 is loaded with a waste container 3 in the form of a standardized 200 1 steel drum and moved to the operating location so that it can be loaded with the said gripper.
  • the filter candles 2 keep a certain distance from the inner wall of the waste container 3 because this is provided with a support grid 4.
  • the shielding container 1 After loading the waste container 3, the shielding container 1 is closed with a lid 6.
  • This lid also forms a seal for the waste container 3, because a soft material seal 7 lies on a container flange 8 of the waste container. It is also an essential component of a binding device for the filter candles 2.
  • the cover 6, which, like the shielding container, consists of shielding material, comprises an actually helical line 10 drawn obliquely in the figure, which has a coupling point 12 in the form of a flange connection on the top 11 of the cover 6 for the connection of a binding agent line 13.
  • a quick-action coupling with a radial seal can advantageously also be provided.
  • the line 10 leading through the cover can have an exchangeable insert 14, which is designed as a flexible plastic hose and can be cleaned well after casting or is replaced by a new one.
  • a second line 16 leads through the cover 6 in the angled shape shown in the figure. It is equipped on the top 11 of the cover with a coupling point 17, also in the form of a quick-action coupling, so that an exhaust air line 18 can be connected, which leads to an exhaust gas or exhaust air system.
  • a third line (not shown in the figure) leads through the cover 6, which is equipped with a further coupling point 20.
  • a level meter 21 can be attached there, for example a float body protruding into the waste container 3, or a dipstick or the pneumatic measuring lance subsequently described.
  • a carriage 24 is provided, which is indicated in the figure by the dashed line and which can actually be in the form of a hand truck or hand truck.
  • the carriage 24 comprises the facilities required for loading the binder in an easily transportable form.
  • the concrete slurry used as a binder with particular advantage is introduced into a feed hopper 25 which is equipped with a mixer 26.
  • the mixer is operated by a pneumatic motor 27. This is fed via a valve 28 from a pneumatic manifold 29 which can be connected via a quick coupling 30 to the compressed air network usually present in power plants.
  • the discharge opening 32 of the funnel 25 leads to a thick matter pump 33 which is driven by a second pneumatic motor 34. This is also connected to the manifold 29 via a valve 35.
  • the thick matter pump 33 conveys into a binder line 13 leading to the quick coupling 12 via a diaphragm valve 36, the diaphragm 37 of which can be actuated pneumatically.
  • a control line 38 is provided with a valve 39, the drive device 40 of which is actuated by a fluidic component 41.
  • the fluidic component 41 belongs to the fill level measuring device, which was designated as a whole as 21 above. It comprises a nozzle, not shown in the figure, which is acted upon by an air flow at reduced pressure.
  • the fluidic component 41 is connected to the manifold 29 via a pressure reducing valve 42.
  • the desired pressure of, for example, 0.1 bar can be monitored with a pressure measuring device 43.
  • the level of the binder fed into the waste container 3 is detected by the dynamic pressure which rises with the level of binder increasing. Therefore, when the desired binder height has been reached, a command can be given to the valve 39 via the fluidic component 41, so that the further supply of binder is stopped by closing the membrane valve 36.
  • the feed device for the binding agent which is designed to be transportable with the carriage 24, is easily movable, so that it, like the shielding container 1, can be brought directly to the operating site, where the filter candles 2 to be removed are produced.
  • the figure further shows that only a single energy source is required for the operation of the new binding device, namely the compressed air fed in via the quick coupling 30.
  • the actuation of the motors 27 and 34 fed therewith for the mixer 26 and the thick matter pump 33 can also be made dependent on the fill level as well as the closure of the valve 36 if this is desired. It is also conceivable to operate the level measurement and the motor and valve actuation with another energy source, for example electrically, with the control being carried out electronically. But here, too, it would be advantageous to keep the number of connecting lines small by using a single energy source.
  • the solid to be treated for final storage is only moved with the means of transport that are necessary for its operation before it is conditioned for final storage.
  • this means of transport it is brought into the waste container 3, which is located in the shielding container 1.
  • the cover 6 used as a binding device the conditioning required for final storage is carried out by filling in cement milk or concrete. After covering it and, if necessary, after the cement has hardened, the cover 6 is lifted off. Then the waste container 3 can be closed by a lid, so that the waste container is prepared for final storage.
  • Removing the cover 6 and putting on the closure, not shown, for the waste container 3 can also be carried out elsewhere. After loosening the coupling points for the lines 13 and 18 and, if necessary, dismantling the fill level measurement 21, the shielding cover 6 can be brought to the place where the closure for the waste container takes place.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung besteht aus einem Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 1 und einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention consists of a method according to claim 1 and an apparatus for performing this method.

Bei einem aus der DE-A 2511957 bekannten Verfahren zur Endlagerung von schwach bis mittel radioaktiv kontaminierten Feststoffen, die in einem zur Endlagerung vorgesehenen Abfallbehälter im Kernkraftwerk mit einem Bindemittel bedeckt werden, das durch eine Zuleitung über eine Kupplungsstelle an der Oberseite eines den Abfallbehälter dicht verschliessenden Deckels eingefüllt wird, können die Feststoffe, mit denen in erster Linie lonenaustauscherharze gemeint sein sollen, nur eine körnige Struktur haben, denn sie sollen durch Pumpen transportiert und zur Vermischung mit dem Bindemittel bei Bedarf gerührt werden. Die Feststoffe sollen unter anderem im Kernkraftwerk in Deponiebehälter eingefüllt werden, in die durch einen verlorenen Deckel hindurch dann das Bindemittel eingefüllt wird.In a method known from DE-A 2511957 for the final storage of weakly to moderately radioactively contaminated solids, which are covered in a waste container intended for final storage in the nuclear power plant with a binder which is sealed by a supply line via a coupling point on the top of the waste container Filled with the lid, the solids, which are primarily intended to mean ion exchange resins, can only have a granular structure, because they are to be transported by pumps and, if necessary, stirred to mix with the binder. Among other things, the solids are to be poured into landfill containers in the nuclear power plant, into which the binder is then poured through a lost cover.

Die Erfindung geht demgegenüber von der Aufgabe aus, für Filterkerzen oder Filterkerzeneinsätze, die bekanntlich mit besonderen Greifern hantiert werden müssen, die Endlagerung zu vereinfachen. Hier ist es zwar aus der DE-A 2546428 bekannt, dass Filterkerzen oder Filterkerzeneinsätze in der Weise für die Endlagerung vorbereitet werden, dass sie in dem dafür vorgesehenen Abfallbehälter, zum Beispiel einem sogenannten Normfass, getrocknet und dann mit heissem Bitumen übergossen werden. Der Giessvorgang erstreckt sich über 30 Minuten oder mehr. Auf diese Weise werden Hohlräume vermieden, die sonst unter Umständen durch Schrumpfen des Bitumens zustande kommen können. Das Beladen des Abfallbehälters ist dabei offengelassen. Im Hinblick auf die Trocknung und das als Einbettungsmaterial verwendete Bitumen, das mit einer relativ hohen Temperatur verarbeitet werden muss, kann jedoch erwartet werden, dass das Trocknen und Einbinden in einer dafür vorgesehenen Anlage stattfindet, so dass ein Transport der Filterkerzen vom Ort ihres betriebsmässigen Gebrauchs zu dieser Anlage erforderlich ist. Dieser Transport, der im Hinblick auf Strahlenschutzbestimmungen aufwendig sein kann, soll bei der Erfindung vermieden werden.In contrast, the invention is based on the task of simplifying the final storage for filter cartridges or filter cartridge inserts, which are known to have to be handled with special grippers. Here it is known from DE-A 2546428 that filter cartridges or filter cartridge inserts are prepared for final storage in such a way that they are dried in the waste container provided for this purpose, for example a so-called standard barrel, and then poured with hot bitumen. The pouring process takes 30 minutes or more. In this way, cavities are avoided, which could otherwise arise due to the shrinking of the bitumen. The loading of the waste container is left open. In view of the drying process and the bitumen used as embedding material, which has to be processed at a relatively high temperature, it can be expected that the drying and binding will take place in a system intended for this purpose, so that the filter candles can be transported from the place of their operational use is required for this facility. This transport, which can be complex with regard to radiation protection regulations, is to be avoided in the invention.

Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren zur Endlagerung von schwach bis mittel radioaktiv kontaminierten Filterkerzen oder Filterkerzeneinsätzen umfasst die folgenden Schritte:

  • a) EinzurEndlagerungvorgesehenerAbfallbehälter wird zur Aufnahme der Filterkerzen oder Filterkerzeneinsätze im Innern eines Abschirmbehälters am Kontaminierungsort so aufgestellt, dass er mit einem den Filterkerzen betriebsmässig zugeordneten Greifer beladen werden kann
  • b) der Abschirmbehälter wird nach dem Beladen des Abfallbehälters mit den Filterkerzen oder Filterkerzeneinsätzen mit einem Deckel versehen, der den Abfallbehälter dicht verschliesst,
  • c) die Filterkerzen oder Filterkerzeneinsätze werden im Abfallbehälter mit einem Bindemittel bedeckt, das durch eine Zuleitung über eine Kupplungsstelle an der Oberseite des Deckels eingefüllt wird,
  • d) der Deckel wird nach dem Auffüllen des Abfallbehälters mit Bindemittel vom Abfallbehälter gelöst und vom Abschirmbehälter abgenommmen,
  • e) der Abfallbehälter wird mit einem endlagerungsfähigen Verschluss versehen,
  • f) der Abfallbehälter wird zur Endlagerung abtransportiert.
The method according to the invention for the final storage of weakly to moderately radioactive contaminated filter cartridges or filter cartridge inserts comprises the following steps:
  • a) The intended disposal of the waste container is to accommodate the filter cartridges or filter cartridge inserts inside a shielding container at the contamination site so that it can be loaded with a gripper that is operationally assigned to the filter cartridges
  • b) after the waste container has been loaded with the filter candles or filter candle inserts, the shielding container is provided with a cover which tightly closes the waste container,
  • c) the filter cartridges or filter cartridge inserts are covered in the waste container with a binding agent which is filled in through a feed line via a coupling point on the top of the lid,
  • d) after filling the waste container with binder, the lid is detached from the waste container and removed from the shielding container,
  • e) the waste container is provided with a closure that can be disposed of,
  • f) the waste container is removed for final storage.

Bei der Erfindung wird ein besonderer Transportvorgang erspart, weil die kontaminierten Filterkerzen mit den für ihren Betrieb ohnehin erforderlichen Tansportmitteln in den Abfallbehälter eingebracht werden. Danach wird die Endlagerfähigkeit durch die Zuführung des Bindemittels hergestellt. Dabei handelt es sich vorzugsweise um Beton oder Zementmilch, die ohne besondere Einrichtungen transportiert und verfüllt werden können. Es genügt ein gegebenenfalls mit Mischeinrichtungen versehenes Transportgefäss etwa in der Art eines Zementmischers, wie er auf Baustellen eingesetzt wird, mit einer nachgeschalteten Dickstoffpumpe. Damit kann das Bindemittel durch den Deckel eingefüllt werden. Nach dem Einfüllen, das eine Abschirmung ergibt, wird der Deckel abgenommen und für den Abfallbehälter durch einen endlagerungsfähigen Verschluss ersetzt. Der Abschirmbehälter bleibt offen bis zu einem erneuten Einsatz, bei dem er wieder einen Abfallbehälter aufnimmt.In the invention, a special transport process is spared because the contaminated filter cartridges are brought into the waste container with the transport means that are necessary for their operation. The final storage capacity is then produced by adding the binder. This is preferably concrete or cement milk, which can be transported and filled without special equipment. All that is required is a transport vessel, optionally provided with mixing devices, for example in the manner of a cement mixer, as used on construction sites, with a downstream thick matter pump. This allows the binder to be filled through the lid. After filling, which results in a shield, the lid is removed and replaced for the waste container by a closure that can be disposed of. The shielding container remains open until it is used again, in which it again receives a waste container.

Der Abfallbehälter wird vorzugsweise während des Füllvorganges über eine an dem Deckel vorgesehene Kupplungsstelle an ein Abgassystem angeschlossen. Damit kann man vermeiden, dass Radioaktivität mit dem beim Auffüllen entstehenden und entweichenden Gas verbreitet wird.The waste container is preferably connected to an exhaust system during the filling process via a coupling point provided on the cover. This can prevent radioactivity from spreading with the gas that is produced and escapes during filling.

Ausserdem kann der Füllstand während des Füllvorganges mit Hilfe einer durch den Deckel führenden Öffnung überprüft werden. Dies kann durch Beobachtung erfolgen, so dass ein Fenster genügt. Man kann aber auch Sonden oder Peilstäbe zur Feststellung des Füllabstandes benützen.In addition, the filling level can be checked during the filling process with the aid of an opening through the lid. This can be done by observation so that one window is sufficient. But you can also use probes or dipsticks to determine the filling distance.

Als Einrichtung zur Ausübung des Verfahrens ist nach der weiteren Erfindung vorgesehen, dass ein an sich bekannter Abschirmbehälter einen auf seine Ladeöffnung passenden Deckel aufweist, der auf der Behälterinnenseite eine Dichtung für einen von dem Abschirmbehälter umschlossenen Abfallbehälter aufweist, und dass auf der Behälteraussenseite des Deckels mindestens eine Kupplungsstelle zur Verbindung einer äusseren mit einer durch den Deckel führenden Leitung vorgesehen ist. Die Leitung kann vorteilhaft schräg durch den Deckel führen, um die Abschirmung auch im Bereich des Deckels nicht zu unterbrechen. Zu dem gleichen Zweck kann sie abgewinkelt sein. Unter schräg wird auch eine Form verstanden, bei der die Leitung schraubenlinienförmig durch den Deckel geführt ist. An den Enden der Schraubenlinie können Krümmer vorgesehen sein, die einen zur Deckelfläche senkrechten Austritt ergeben. Ferner ist es möglich, dass die Leitung eine auswechselbare Auskleidung umfasst. Damit kann man vermeiden, dass sie durch Bindemittel im Laufe des Gebrauchs verstopft wird.As a device for practicing the method according to the invention, it is provided that a shielding container known per se has a lid that fits onto its loading opening, that has a seal on the inside of the container for a waste container enclosed by the shielding container, and that at least on the outside of the cover a coupling point is provided for connecting an outer to a line leading through the cover. The line can advantageously lead obliquely through the cover so as not to interrupt the shielding in the area of the cover. It can be angled for the same purpose. Inclined is also understood to mean a shape in which the line is led helically through the cover. At the ends of the helix there can be bends that lower one towards the cover surface right exit. It is also possible for the line to comprise an exchangeable lining. This can prevent it from becoming blocked by binders during use.

Zur näheren Erläuterung der Erfindung wird anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnung ein Ausführungsbeispiel beschrieben, das in der einzigen Figur in einem Vertikalschnitt schematisch dargestellt ist.For a more detailed explanation of the invention, an exemplary embodiment is described with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is shown schematically in the single figure in a vertical section.

Mit 1 ist ein Abschirmbehälter bezeichnet, der aus Stahl oder Beton bestehen kann und eine für die sichere Abschirmung der Strahlung bemessene Wandstärke aufweist. Dieser Behälter 1 wird bei dem Verfahren nach der Erfindung mit einem nicht dargestellten Tranportwagen an den Ort befördert, an dem die Kontamination der für die Endlagerung zu behandelnden Feststoffe stattfindet. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich um Filterkerzen 2, die zum Beispiel in der Abwasser- oder Kühlmittelreinigungsanlage eines Kernkraftwerkes, insbesondere eines Druckwasserreaktors, anfallen. Diese Filterkerzen 2 werden mit nicht dargestellten Greifern als Transportmittel durch Fernbedienung aus ihren Filtergehäusen entnommen.1 denotes a shielding container, which can consist of steel or concrete and has a wall thickness dimensioned for the reliable shielding of the radiation. In the method according to the invention, this container 1 is transported with a transport wagon, not shown, to the place where the contamination of the solids to be treated for final storage takes place. The exemplary embodiment is filter candles 2, which are obtained, for example, in the wastewater or coolant cleaning system of a nuclear power plant, in particular a pressurized water reactor. These filter candles 2 are removed from their filter housings with grippers (not shown) as a means of transport by remote control.

Nach der Erfindung wird der Abschirmbehälter 1 mit einem Abfallbehälter 3 in Form eines genormten 200 1 Stahlfasses beladen und zu dem Betriebsort gefahren, so dass er mit dem genannten Greifer beladen werden kann. Die Filterkerzen 2 behalten dabei einen bestimmten Abstand von der Innenwand des Abfallbehälters 3, weil dieser mit einem Stützgitter 4 versehen ist.According to the invention, the shielding container 1 is loaded with a waste container 3 in the form of a standardized 200 1 steel drum and moved to the operating location so that it can be loaded with the said gripper. The filter candles 2 keep a certain distance from the inner wall of the waste container 3 because this is provided with a support grid 4.

Nach dem Beladen des Abfallbehälters 3 wird der Abschirmbehälter 1 mit einem Deckel 6 verschlossen. Dieser Deckel bildet auch eine Dichtung für den Abfallbehälter 3, denn eine Weichstoffdichtung 7 legt sich auf einen Behälterflansch 8 des Abfallbehälters. Er ist darüber hinaus wesentlicher Bestandteil einer Einbindevorrichtung für die Filterkerzen 2.After loading the waste container 3, the shielding container 1 is closed with a lid 6. This lid also forms a seal for the waste container 3, because a soft material seal 7 lies on a container flange 8 of the waste container. It is also an essential component of a binding device for the filter candles 2.

Der Deckel 6, der wie der Abschirmbehälter aus Abschirmmaterial besteht, umfasst eine in der Figur schräg gezeichnete, tatsächlich schraubenlinienförmig verlaufende Leitung 10, die auf der Oberseite 11 des Deckels 6 eine Kupplungsstelle 12 in Form einer Flanschverbindung für den Anschluss einer Bindemittelleitung 13 aufweist. Statt der Flanschverbindung kann vorteilhaft auch eine Schnellschlusskupplung mit einer Radialdichtung vorgesehen sein. Die durch den Deckel führende Leitung 10 kann dabei einen auswechselbaren Einsatz 14 aufweisen, der als flexibler Künststoffschlauch ausgeführt ist und nach dem Vergiessen gut zu säubern ist oder durch einen neuen ersetzt wird.The cover 6, which, like the shielding container, consists of shielding material, comprises an actually helical line 10 drawn obliquely in the figure, which has a coupling point 12 in the form of a flange connection on the top 11 of the cover 6 for the connection of a binding agent line 13. Instead of the flange connection, a quick-action coupling with a radial seal can advantageously also be provided. The line 10 leading through the cover can have an exchangeable insert 14, which is designed as a flexible plastic hose and can be cleaned well after casting or is replaced by a new one.

Durch den Deckel 6 führt eine zweite Leitung 16 in der aus der Figur ersichtlichen abgewinkelten Form. Sie ist an der Deckeloberseite 11 mit einer Kupplungsstelle 17 ebenfalls in Form einer , Schnellschlusskupplung ausgerüstet, so dass eine Abluftleitung 18 angeschlossen werden kann, die zu einem Abgas- oder Abluftsystem führt.A second line 16 leads through the cover 6 in the angled shape shown in the figure. It is equipped on the top 11 of the cover with a coupling point 17, also in the form of a quick-action coupling, so that an exhaust air line 18 can be connected, which leads to an exhaust gas or exhaust air system.

Hinter der Bildebene führt eine in der Figur nicht dargestellte dritte Leitung durch den Deckel 6, die mit einer weiteren Kupplungsstelle 20 ausgerüstet ist. Dort kann ein Füllstandsmesser 21 angebracht werden, zum Beispiel ein in den Abfallbehälter 3 ragender Schwimmerkörper, oder ein Peilstab oder die anschliessend beschriebene pneumatische Messlanze.Behind the image plane, a third line (not shown in the figure) leads through the cover 6, which is equipped with a further coupling point 20. A level meter 21 can be attached there, for example a float body protruding into the waste container 3, or a dipstick or the pneumatic measuring lance subsequently described.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist ein Wagen 24 vorgesehen, der in der Figur durch die gestrichelte Linie angedeutet ist und tatsächlich in Form einer Sackkarre oder eines Handwagens ausgebildet sein kann. Der Wagen 24 umfasst die für die Beschickung mit dem Bindemittel notwendigen Einrichtungen in leicht transportabler Form.In the exemplary embodiment of the invention, a carriage 24 is provided, which is indicated in the figure by the dashed line and which can actually be in the form of a hand truck or hand truck. The carriage 24 comprises the facilities required for loading the binder in an easily transportable form.

Der als Bindemittel mit besonderem Vorteil verwendete Betonbrei (keine Erwärmung erforderlich, Abbinden auch unter Luftabschluss) wird in einem Aufgabetrichter 25 eingeführt, der mit einem Mischer 26 ausgerüstet ist. Der Mischer wird von einem Pneumatikmotor 27 betätigt. Dieser wird über ein Ventil 28 von einer pneumatischen Sammelleitung 29 gespeist, die über eine Schnellkupplung 30 mit dem in Kraftwerken üblicherweise vorhandenen Druckluftnetz verbunden werden kann.The concrete slurry used as a binder with particular advantage (no heating required, setting also with the exclusion of air) is introduced into a feed hopper 25 which is equipped with a mixer 26. The mixer is operated by a pneumatic motor 27. This is fed via a valve 28 from a pneumatic manifold 29 which can be connected via a quick coupling 30 to the compressed air network usually present in power plants.

Die Austragsöffnung 32 des Trichters 25 führt zu einer Dickstoffpumpe 33, die von einem zweiten Pneumatikmotor 34 angetrieben wird. Dieser ist über ein Ventil 35 ebenfalls mit der Sammelleitung 29 verbunden.The discharge opening 32 of the funnel 25 leads to a thick matter pump 33 which is driven by a second pneumatic motor 34. This is also connected to the manifold 29 via a valve 35.

Die Dickstoffpumpe 33 fördert in eine zu der Schnellkupplung 12 führende Bindemittelleitung 13 über ein Membranventil 36, dessen Membran 37 pneumatisch zu betätigen ist. Für die pneumatische Betätigung ist eine Steuerleitung 38 mit einem Ventil 39 vorgesehen, dessen Antriebseinrichtung 40 von einem Fluidikbaustein 41 betätigt wird.The thick matter pump 33 conveys into a binder line 13 leading to the quick coupling 12 via a diaphragm valve 36, the diaphragm 37 of which can be actuated pneumatically. For the pneumatic actuation, a control line 38 is provided with a valve 39, the drive device 40 of which is actuated by a fluidic component 41.

Der Fluidikbaustein 41 gehört zu der Füllstandsmesseinrichtung, die vorstehend als Ganzes mit 21 bezeichnet wurde. Sie umfasst eine in der Figur nicht dargestellte Düse, die mit einem Luftstrom bei verringertem Druck beaufschlagt wird. Zu diesem Zweck ist der Fluidikbaustein 41 über ein Druckminderventil 42 mit der Sammelleitung 29 verbunden. Der gewünschte Druck von zum Beispiel 0,1 bar kann mit einem Druckmessgerät 43 überwacht werden. Jedenfalls wird der Stand des in den Abfallbehälter 3 eingespeisten Bindemittels durch den mit wachsendem Bindemittelstand steigenden Staudruck erfasst. Deshalb kann dann, wenn die gewünschte Bindemittelhöhe erreicht ist, über den Fluidikbaustein 41 ein Kommando auf das Ventil 39 gegeben, so dass die weiter Bindemittelzufuhr durch Schliessen des Membranventils 36 gestoppt wird.The fluidic component 41 belongs to the fill level measuring device, which was designated as a whole as 21 above. It comprises a nozzle, not shown in the figure, which is acted upon by an air flow at reduced pressure. For this purpose, the fluidic component 41 is connected to the manifold 29 via a pressure reducing valve 42. The desired pressure of, for example, 0.1 bar can be monitored with a pressure measuring device 43. In any case, the level of the binder fed into the waste container 3 is detected by the dynamic pressure which rises with the level of binder increasing. Therefore, when the desired binder height has been reached, a command can be given to the valve 39 via the fluidic component 41, so that the further supply of binder is stopped by closing the membrane valve 36.

Wie man sieht, ist die mit dem Wagen 24 transportabel ausgebildete Aufgabevorrichtung für das Bindemittel leicht beweglich, so dass sie ebenso wie der Abschirmbehälter 1 unmittelbar zum Betriebsort gebracht werden kann, wo die abzustransportierende Filterkerzen 2 anfallen. Die Figur zeigt ferner, dass für den Betrieb der neuen Einbindevorrichtung nur ein einziger Energieträger benötigt wird, nämlich die über die Schnellkupplung 30 eingespeiste Druckluft. Die Betätigung der damit gespeisten Motoren 27 und 34 für den Mischer 26 und die Dickstoffpumpe 33 kann im übrigen ebenso wie der Abschluss des Ventils 36 vom Füllstand abhängig gemacht werden, wenn dies erwünscht ist. Ferner ist es denkbar, die Füllstandsmessung und die Motor- und Ventilbetätigung auch mit einem anderen Energieträger zu betreiben, zum Beispiel elektrisch auszuführen, wobei die Regelung elektronisch erfolgt. Aber auch hier wäre es vorteilhaft, dass die Zahl der Anschlussleitungen durch Verwendung eines einzigen Energieträgers klein gehalten wird.As can be seen, the feed device for the binding agent, which is designed to be transportable with the carriage 24, is easily movable, so that it, like the shielding container 1, can be brought directly to the operating site, where the filter candles 2 to be removed are produced. The figure further shows that only a single energy source is required for the operation of the new binding device, namely the compressed air fed in via the quick coupling 30. The actuation of the motors 27 and 34 fed therewith for the mixer 26 and the thick matter pump 33 can also be made dependent on the fill level as well as the closure of the valve 36 if this is desired. It is also conceivable to operate the level measurement and the motor and valve actuation with another energy source, for example electrically, with the control being carried out electronically. But here, too, it would be advantageous to keep the number of connecting lines small by using a single energy source.

Bei dem Verfahren nach der Erfindung wird der für die Endlagerung zu behandelnde Feststoff nur noch mit dem für seinen Betrieb ohnehin erforderlichen Transportmittel bewegt, bevor er für die Endlagerung konditioniert ist. Mit diesem Transportmittel wird er nämlich in den Abfallbehälter 3 eingebracht, der sich im Abschirmbehälter 1 befindet. Danach wird mit Hilfe des als Einbindevorrichtung benutzten Deckels 6 die für die Endlagerung erforderlichen Konditionierung durch Einfüllen von Zementmilch oder Beton vorgenommen. Nach der Überdeckung damit und gegebenenfalls nach dem Aushärten des Zements wird der Deckel 6 abgehoben. Dann kann der Abfallbehälter 3 durch einen Deckel verschlossen werden, so dass der Abfallbehälter zur Endlagerung vorbereitet ist.In the method according to the invention, the solid to be treated for final storage is only moved with the means of transport that are necessary for its operation before it is conditioned for final storage. With this means of transport, it is brought into the waste container 3, which is located in the shielding container 1. Thereafter, with the help of the cover 6 used as a binding device, the conditioning required for final storage is carried out by filling in cement milk or concrete. After covering it and, if necessary, after the cement has hardened, the cover 6 is lifted off. Then the waste container 3 can be closed by a lid, so that the waste container is prepared for final storage.

Das Abnehmen des Deckels 6 und das Aufsetzen des nicht dargestellten Verschlusses für den Abfallbehälter 3 kann aber auch an anderer Stelle vorgenommen werden. Dabei kann der Abschirmdeckel 6 nach dem Lösen der Kupplungsstellen für die Leitungen 13 und 18 und gegebenenfalls dem Abbau der Füllstandsmessung 21 mit zu dem Ort gebracht werden, wo das Aufsetzen des Verschlusses für den Abfallbehälter erfolgt.Removing the cover 6 and putting on the closure, not shown, for the waste container 3 can also be carried out elsewhere. After loosening the coupling points for the lines 13 and 18 and, if necessary, dismantling the fill level measurement 21, the shielding cover 6 can be brought to the place where the closure for the waste container takes place.

Claims (9)

1. A process for the final disposal of filter cartridges or filter cartridge inserts, which are radioactively contaminated to a low to medium extent, with the following steps
a) a waste container, which is provided for the final disposal, for the purpose of receiving the filter cartridges or filter cartridge inserts, is installed inside a shielding container at the place of cantamination in such a way that it can be loaded using a gripping device operationallly associated with the filter cartridges;
b) after the loading of the waste container with the filter cartridges or filter cartridge inserts, the shielding container is provided with a lid which tightly seals the waste container;
c) the filter cartridges or filter cartridge inserts are covered in the waste container with a binding agent which is fed in through a supply line by way of a coupling point at the upper side of the lid;
d) after the waste container has been filled with binding agent the lid is detached from the waste container and removed from the shielding container;
e) the waste container is provided with a closure which is suitable for final disposal;
f) the waste container is carried away for final disposal.
2. A process according to claim 1, characterised in that during the filling operation, the waste container is connected to an exhaust gas or exhaust air system by means of a coupling point arranged at the lid.
3. A process according to one of the claims 1 or 2, characterised in that, during the filling operation, the filling level is checked with the aid of an opening which passes through the lid.
4. Apparatus for carrying out the process according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that a shielding container (1), known per se, has a lid (6) which fits onto its charging opening and, at the inside of the container, has a seal (7) for a waste container (3) which is surrounded by the shielding container (1); and in that on the container outer side of the lid (6) there is provided at least one coupling point (12, 17, 20) which serves to connect an external conduit to a conduit (10, 16) passing through the lid (6).
5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterised in that the conduit (10) passes obliquely through the lid (6).
6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterised in that the conduit (16) is angled.
7. Apparatus according to claim 4, 5, or 6, characterised in that the conduit (10) comprises an exchangeabel lining (14).
8. Apparatus according to one of the claims 4 to 7, characterised in that the lid (6) has an opening for a filling level measuring device (21), in particular in the form of a pneumatic measuring lance.
9. Apparatus according to one of the claims 4 to 8, characterised in that the shielding container (3) is assigned a vehicle (24) which has a mixing device (26) for concrete, a pump (33) for dense material which is connected to the mixing device, a controllable fitting (36) in the pipeline (13) between the pump (33) and the coupling point (12), and a measuring device (21) for the filling level; and in that the mixing device (26), the pump (33) for dense material and the fitting (36) are actuated by the same energy source, in particular by a compressed air source.
EP81101939A 1980-03-28 1981-03-16 Process and device for the ultimate storage of contaminated solid materials Expired - Lifetime EP0036999B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3012116 1980-03-28
DE3012116A DE3012116C2 (en) 1980-03-28 1980-03-28 Process and facility for the treatment of radioactively contaminated solid waste

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0036999A2 EP0036999A2 (en) 1981-10-07
EP0036999A3 EP0036999A3 (en) 1981-12-30
EP0036999B1 EP0036999B1 (en) 1983-09-21
EP0036999B2 true EP0036999B2 (en) 1990-01-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81101939A Expired - Lifetime EP0036999B2 (en) 1980-03-28 1981-03-16 Process and device for the ultimate storage of contaminated solid materials

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EP (1) EP0036999B2 (en)
JP (1) JPS56151400A (en)
BR (1) BR8101842A (en)
DE (1) DE3012116C2 (en)
ES (1) ES8304351A1 (en)

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DE3439092A1 (en) * 1984-10-25 1986-04-30 Uwe Ing.(grad.) 6458 Rodenbach Grahmann Radioactive double-sized container as a waste cask capable of ultimate disposal
DE3709315C2 (en) * 1987-03-21 1996-04-25 Nuklear Service Gmbh Gns Process for the storage of radioactive waste
AU600583B2 (en) * 1987-06-26 1990-08-16 Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation Retrievable encapsulation of waste materials
DE3805276C2 (en) * 1988-02-19 1993-10-07 Siemens Ag Filter arrangement for radioactive substances
GB9027236D0 (en) * 1990-12-15 1991-02-06 British Nuclear Fuels Plc A method and apparatus for containing wastes
FR2682524B1 (en) * 1991-10-10 1993-12-10 Matieres Nucleaires Cie Gle METHOD FOR PACKAGING OR RECYCLING USED ION CARTRIDGES.
JP2003502623A (en) * 1999-06-14 2003-01-21 パウル・シェラー・インスティトゥート Radioactive waste disposal
SE526935C2 (en) * 2003-12-30 2005-11-22 Oyster Internat Nv C O H B Man Container device for storing hazardous materials, in particular for final storage of nuclear fuel, and methods for its preparation
DE202019100728U1 (en) * 2019-02-08 2019-02-20 Klaus Wohlfarth Track widening disc for motor vehicles

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DE2511957C2 (en) * 1975-03-19 1982-06-09 Steag Kernenergie Gmbh, 4300 Essen Method and device for solidifying radioactive waste in a landfill container
US4058479A (en) * 1975-05-12 1977-11-15 Aerojet-General Corporation Filter-lined container for hazardous solids
DE2546428C2 (en) * 1975-10-16 1985-10-24 Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim Process for embedding radioactively contaminated filter candles or filter elements in bitumen
DE2726335C2 (en) * 1977-06-10 1984-12-13 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe Container unit for radioactive waste that can be used for final disposal
DE2837560C2 (en) * 1978-08-29 1982-04-22 GNS Gesellschaft für Nuklear-Service mbH, 4300 Essen "Method for solidifying radioactive waste in a landfill container"

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8101842A (en) 1981-09-29
JPS56151400A (en) 1981-11-24
DE3012116C2 (en) 1985-03-21
DE3012116A1 (en) 1981-10-08
EP0036999A3 (en) 1981-12-30
EP0036999A2 (en) 1981-10-07
ES500798A0 (en) 1983-02-16
EP0036999B1 (en) 1983-09-21
ES8304351A1 (en) 1983-02-16

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