EP0034139A1 - Cast hammer for a forging machine - Google Patents

Cast hammer for a forging machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0034139A1
EP0034139A1 EP81890012A EP81890012A EP0034139A1 EP 0034139 A1 EP0034139 A1 EP 0034139A1 EP 81890012 A EP81890012 A EP 81890012A EP 81890012 A EP81890012 A EP 81890012A EP 0034139 A1 EP0034139 A1 EP 0034139A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hammer
forging
base
recess
base plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81890012A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0034139B1 (en
Inventor
Bernd Dipl.-Ing. Kos
Wilfried Dr. Meyer
Rupert Strobl
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Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG
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Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG
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Publication of EP0034139A1 publication Critical patent/EP0034139A1/en
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Publication of EP0034139B1 publication Critical patent/EP0034139B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/06—Hammers tups; Anvils; Anvil blocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J7/14—Forging machines working with several hammers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cast hammer for forging machines with an improved service life.
  • the hammers of forging machines are exposed to very high mechanical and thermal stresses.
  • long-forging machines for example, the pieces to be forged, heated to over 800 ° C., are fastened in a transport device, which then moves the elongated forging through the actual forging machine, in which, for example, four hammers that can be moved relative to one another and that deform the forging are arranged.
  • a rotary movement can also be carried out, so that not only approximately square pieces but also round forgings can be obtained.
  • the forging hammers have a base plate which can be connected to that of the forged connecting rod.
  • the base plate of the forging hammer is not subject to excessive mechanical stress, since it is only used to transmit forces from the hammer to the forged connecting rod and a relatively large area is provided for it. Furthermore, the thermal stress is only slight, since even with long-term processing, temperatures that are significantly above 300 ° C. are not reached.
  • the load on the work surface arranged opposite the base surface of the base plate is different.
  • the work surface generally has different sections, which differ in the course of the forging process Have tasks to perform. So a forging hammer, u. seen in the axial direction of the forging, have different areas. Those areas of the work surface that are not arranged parallel to the base surface serve to displace the material to be forged and, since the greatest forces act here, are subject to particularly heavy loads.
  • the area of the working - area which is arranged approximately parallel to the base surface, has the function that the already deformed material is changed in its surface quality and Although smoothed. This so-called smoothing surface is therefore not exposed to as much stress as the rest of the working surface.
  • the temperature of the work surface can reach over 800 0 C; considering that the temperature of the base surface is only about 300 ° C, it is understandable that the slightest defect in the forging hammer can already lead to a considerable reduction in the life of the same. From the material side, only a very few alloys are suitable at all to meet such large stresses, and it has been shown that nickel-based alloys with approximately 20% chromium are particularly suitable.
  • the hammers receive so-called fire cracks, which are due to the high mechanical stress at high temperatures. These fire cracks must be avoided to prevent the hammer from being destroyed, e.g. be removed by grinding in order to avoid a notch effect, and after such cracks have been ground out, a build-up welding can be carried out to level the work surface.
  • Such hammers have a weight which no longer allows manipulation to be carried out without mechanical aids.
  • For this manipulation eg for inserting the hammers into the forging machine; bores are provided in the base plate, which are not exposed to any significant mechanical stress.
  • the aim of the present invention is to design known forging hammers, in particular for long forging machines, in such a way that a longer service life can be achieved.
  • the cast hammer according to the invention for forging machines in particular long forging machines, with a base plate with a base surface which, when mounted on the forged connecting rod, bears against its base surface and a working surface which is arranged opposite the base surface and has a smoothing surface which is approximately parallel to the base surface, consists essentially of it that at least one rounded recess is provided between the base plate and the work surface, which passes through the symmetry plane of the hammer, which runs approximately normal to the base plate, or is arranged symmetrically to it.
  • This recess or recesses reduces the cross-section of the forging hammer in those areas which are subject to particularly high mechanical and thermal stress.
  • At least one recess opens into the base surface, a uniform reduction in cross-section can be avoided, the recess as such being able to be arranged in the area where the forces are only minor.
  • the recesses are or are arranged parallel to the base surface, a particularly good compensation of the tensions during operation can be achieved, so that the fire cracks, which run normal to the work surface, grow more slowly and an increase in the service life can also be achieved. It is particularly advantageous to arrange the recesses) with the proviso that there is an approximately uniform material thickness with respect to the outer wall or to the (s) adjacent recess (es), which means that the mechanical and thermal stresses are particularly favorable is reached.
  • the effect according to the invention of increasing the service life is achieved particularly favorably by the volume of the recess being at least 3%, preferably 5-15%, of that of the hammer.
  • the forging hammer shown in FIG. 1 has a base plate 1 provided with handling bores 3, the thickness of which is determined by the extensions 2, which are used to mount the forging hammer on the forged connecting rod, not shown.
  • the base surface 4, which also extends over the extensions 2, is arranged opposite the work surface, which has a region 5 which is arranged inclined to the base surface 4 and a smoothing surface 6 which is arranged parallel to the base surface.
  • a cylindrical recess 7 is provided between the base plate 1 and the work surface 5, 6, which extends over the entire length of the hammer and through whose axis the plane of symmetry of the hammer, which runs normal to the base plate, passes.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a hammer as it has proven particularly useful in the practice.
  • the hammer has two recesses 8 above the base plate 1 on, so that a web 9 is formed.
  • the working surface extends from the web 9 over the smoothing surface 6 to the area 5.
  • two cylindrical recesses 10 are provided extend normal to the plane of symmetry and enforce it.
  • the cylindrical recesses open into the respective side surfaces 11.
  • the total height of the forging hammer is approximately 230 mm
  • the height of the base plate is 80 mm
  • the diameter of the two bores is 60 mm
  • the weight saving is approximately 7%.
  • FIG. 3 shows a particularly simple embodiment of a forging hammer, two base-shaped recesses 12 extending from the base surface 4, which extend normal to the smoothing surface and the total volume of which is approximately 12%.
  • the thickness of the base plate is also determined here by the extensions 2, so that it is thicker than that region 13 which has no work surface.
  • the rounded recesses are always arranged near the thermal center of the hammer.
  • the thermal center of the hammer roughly corresponds to the center of gravity of the entire forging hammer.
  • All forging hammers shown in the drawings can also be designed so that the recesses e.g. can be filled again by welding or by welding a bolt. As a result, the weight saving of approx. 10 to 20% is no longer possible, but the mechanical stability can be increased as a result.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

1. A cast hammer for forging machines, in particular long forging machines, comprising a base plate (1) with a base surface (4), which when mounted on the forging piston-rod bears on the base thereof, and an operating surface (5) which is situated opposite the base surface (4) and which has a smoothing surface (6) which is approximately parallel to the base surface, characterized in that at least one rounded recess or bore (7, 10, 12), which completely or partially passes through the hammer and which is disposed in the vicinity of the thermal centre of the hammer and which passes through, or is arranged symmetrically to, the plane of symmetry of the hammer extending approximately at right angles to the base plate (1), is provided between the base plate (1) and the operating surface (5, 6).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen gegossenen Hammer für Schmiedemaschinen mit einer verbesserten Standzeit.The invention relates to a cast hammer for forging machines with an improved service life.

Die Hämmer von Schmiedemaschinen, insbesondere von Langschmiedemaschinen,sind sehr hohen mechanischen und thermischen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt. Bei Langschmiedemaschinen werden beispielsweise die auf über 800 0 C erhitzten,zu schmiedenden Stücke in einer Transportvorrichtung befestigt, welche sodann das längliche Schmiedegut durch die eigentliche Schmiedemaschine hindurch bewegt,in welcher beispielsweise vier gleichzeitig gegeneinander bewegbare Hämmer angeordnet sind, die das Schmiedegut verformen. Gleichzeitig mit der Längsbewegung kann auch noch eine Drehbewegung ausgeübt werden, sodaß nicht nur annähernd quadratische Stücke, sondern auch rundes Schmiedegut erhalten werden kann. Die Schmiedehämmer weisen eine Grundplatte auf, welche mit jener des Schmiedepleuels verbindbar ist. Die Grundplatte des Schmiedehammers unterliegt keinen übermäßig starken mechanischen Beanspruchungen,da sie lediglich zur Kräfteübertragung von Hammer auf Schmiedepleuel dient und hiefür eine relativ große Fläche vorgesehen ist. Weiters ist die thermische Beanspruchung nur gering, da selbst bei lang andauernden Bearbeitungen keine Temperaturen erreicht werden, die wesentlich über 300 0 C betragen. Anders sieht die Beanspruchung der der Basisfläche der Grundplatte gegenüber angeordneten Arbeitsfläche aus. Die Arbeitsfläche weist im allgemeinen verschiedene Abschnitte auf, welche im Laufe des Schmiedeprozesses verschiedene Aufgaben zu erfüllen haben. So kann ein Schmiedehammer, u. zw. in Achsrichtung des Schmiedestückes gesehen,verschiedene Bereiche aufweisen. Jene Bereiche der Arbeitsfläche, die nicht parallel zur Basisfläche angeordnet sind, dienen zur Verdrängung des zu schmiedenden Materials und unterliegen,da hier die größten Kräfte einwirken,einer besonders starken Beanspruchung. Jener Bereich der Arbeits- fläche,der ungefähr parallel zur Basisfläche angeordnet ist, hat die Funktion, daß das bereits verformte Material in seiner Oberflächenbeschaffenheit verändert und zwar geglättet wird. Diese sogenannte Glättfläche ist somit nicht so hohen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt wie die restliche.Arbeitsfläche. Die Temperatur der Arbeitsfläche kann über 800 0 C erreichen; bedenkt man nun, daß die Temperatur der Basisfläche nur ca. 300 ° C beträgt, so wird verständlich, daß geringste Fehler im Schmiedehammer bereits zu einer beträchtlichen Verringerung der Lebensdauer desselben führen können. Von der Materialseite her sind nur ganz wenige Legierungen überhaupt geeignet, derartigen großen Beanspruchungen zu genügen, wobei es sich erwiesen hat, daß Nickel-Basis-Legierungen mit ca. 20 % Chrom besonders geeignet sind.The hammers of forging machines, especially long forging machines, are exposed to very high mechanical and thermal stresses. In long-forging machines, for example, the pieces to be forged, heated to over 800 ° C., are fastened in a transport device, which then moves the elongated forging through the actual forging machine, in which, for example, four hammers that can be moved relative to one another and that deform the forging are arranged. At the same time as the longitudinal movement, a rotary movement can also be carried out, so that not only approximately square pieces but also round forgings can be obtained. The forging hammers have a base plate which can be connected to that of the forged connecting rod. The base plate of the forging hammer is not subject to excessive mechanical stress, since it is only used to transmit forces from the hammer to the forged connecting rod and a relatively large area is provided for it. Furthermore, the thermal stress is only slight, since even with long-term processing, temperatures that are significantly above 300 ° C. are not reached. The load on the work surface arranged opposite the base surface of the base plate is different. The work surface generally has different sections, which differ in the course of the forging process Have tasks to perform. So a forging hammer, u. seen in the axial direction of the forging, have different areas. Those areas of the work surface that are not arranged parallel to the base surface serve to displace the material to be forged and, since the greatest forces act here, are subject to particularly heavy loads. The area of the working - area, which is arranged approximately parallel to the base surface, has the function that the already deformed material is changed in its surface quality and Although smoothed. This so-called smoothing surface is therefore not exposed to as much stress as the rest of the working surface. The temperature of the work surface can reach over 800 0 C; considering that the temperature of the base surface is only about 300 ° C, it is understandable that the slightest defect in the forging hammer can already lead to a considerable reduction in the life of the same. From the material side, only a very few alloys are suitable at all to meet such large stresses, and it has been shown that nickel-based alloys with approximately 20% chromium are particularly suitable.

Im Laufe des Schmiedeprozesses erhalten die Hämmer sogenannte Brandrisse,die auf die hohe mechanische Beanspruchung bei hohen Temperaturen zurückzuführen sind. Diese Brandrisse müssen, um eine Zerstörung des Hammers zu vermeiden,z.B. durch Schleifen entfernt werden, um eine Kerbwirkung zu vermeiden, wobei nach dem Herausschleifen derartiger Risse eine Auftragsschweißung zur Egalisierung der Arbeitsfläche vorgenommen werden kann.During the forging process, the hammers receive so-called fire cracks, which are due to the high mechanical stress at high temperatures. These fire cracks must be avoided to prevent the hammer from being destroyed, e.g. be removed by grinding in order to avoid a notch effect, and after such cracks have been ground out, a build-up welding can be carried out to level the work surface.

Derartige Hämmer weisen ein Gewicht auf, welches es nicht mehr erlaubt,eine Manipulation ohne mechanische Hilfsmittel durchzuführen. Für diese Manipulation, z.B. zum Einsetzen der Hämmer in die Schmiedemaschine; sind Bohrungen in der Grundplatte,die keinen wesentlichen mechanischen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt ist,vorgesehen.Such hammers have a weight which no longer allows manipulation to be carried out without mechanical aids. For this manipulation, eg for inserting the hammers into the forging machine; bores are provided in the base plate, which are not exposed to any significant mechanical stress.

Das Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, bekannte Schmiedehämmer insbesondere für Langschmiedemaschinen so auszugestalten, daß eine höhere Lebensdauer erzielt werden.kann.The aim of the present invention is to design known forging hammers, in particular for long forging machines, in such a way that a longer service life can be achieved.

Es wurde bereits versucht, die Aufgabe dadurch zu lösen, daß die Schmiedehämmer nicht gegossen, sondern aus verformtem Material hergestellt werden. Es hat sich jedoch herausgestellt, daß derartige Schmiedehämmer zwar wesentlich aufwendiger in der Herstellung sind und ein feineres Gefüge als die gegossenen Hämmer aufweisen, jedoch konnte keine Erhöhung der Standzeit erreicht werden, wie sie an sich durch das feinere Gefüge zu erwarten war.Attempts have already been made to solve the problem in that the forging hammers are not cast, but are made from deformed material. It has been found, however, that such forging hammers are considerably more complex to manufacture and have a finer structure than the cast hammers, but no increase in the service life could be achieved, as was to be expected as a result of the finer structure.

Der erfindungsgemäße gegossene Hammer für Schmiedemaschinen, insbesondere Langschmiedemaschinen,mit einer Grundplatte mit Basisfläche,die im am Schmiedepleuel montierten Zustand an dessen Grundfläche anliegt und einer gegenüber der Basisfläche angeordneten Arbeitsfläche, die eine Glättfläche aufweist, welche etwa parallel zur Basisfläche liegt, besteht im wesentlichen darin, daß zwischen Grundplatte und Arbeitsfläche zumindest eine abgerundete Ausnehmung vorgesehen ist, welche die Symmetrieebene des Hammers, die ungefähr normal zur Grundplatte verläuft,durchsetzt oder symmetrisch zu dieser angeordnet ist (sind). Durch diese Ausnehmung bzw. Ausnehmungen wird eine Querschnittsverminderung des Schmiedehammers in jenen Bereichen bewirkt, die einer besonders starken mechanischen und thermischen Beanspruchung unterliegen. Es war zu erwarten, daß die Brandrisse, die von der Arbeitsfläche in das Material hineingehen, sich schneller fortpflanzen können, da weniger Material vorhanden ist. Es hat sich jedoch durchaus überraschend erwiesen, daß ein derartiger Schmiedehammer eine wesentlich längere Lebensdauer aufweist, als die bekannten Schmiedehämmer. Alleine die metallurgischen Vorteile bei der Herstellung des Gußstückes wie z.B. Verminderung der Spannungen bei der Abkühlung des Gußstückes, beim Anwärmen zum Lösungsglühen, beim Abkühlen vom Lösungsglühen, beim Anwärmen zum Aushärten und beim Abkühlen vom Aushärten reichen jedoch nicht als Erklärung für die erhöhte Lebensdauer aus. Es muß vielmehr angenommen werden, daß die Spannungen im Betrieb, die z.B. durch das Anwärmen der Schmiedehämmer vor dem Schmiedebeginn, die Temperaturveränderung während des Schmiedevorganges und das Abkühlen nach dem Betrieb bedingt sind, vermindert werden und die Spannungen durch die Ausnehmung(en) so verteilt werden können, daß sie unwirksam werden.The cast hammer according to the invention for forging machines, in particular long forging machines, with a base plate with a base surface which, when mounted on the forged connecting rod, bears against its base surface and a working surface which is arranged opposite the base surface and has a smoothing surface which is approximately parallel to the base surface, consists essentially of it that at least one rounded recess is provided between the base plate and the work surface, which passes through the symmetry plane of the hammer, which runs approximately normal to the base plate, or is arranged symmetrically to it. This recess or recesses reduces the cross-section of the forging hammer in those areas which are subject to particularly high mechanical and thermal stress. It was expected that the fire cracks that penetrate the material from the work surface could propagate faster because less material is available. However, it has been found, surprisingly, that such a forging hammer is much longer Has a longer service life than the known forging hammers. However, the metallurgical advantages alone in the production of the casting, such as, for example, reducing the stresses when cooling the casting, when heating up to solution annealing, when cooling from solution annealing, when heating up to hardening and when cooling from hardening, are not sufficient to explain the increased service life. Rather, it must be assumed that the stresses in operation, which are caused, for example, by the heating of the forging hammers before the forging begins, the temperature change during the forging process and the cooling after the operation, are reduced and the stresses through the recess (s) are distributed in this way can become ineffective.

Mündet zumindest eine Ausnehmung in der Basisfläche, so kann eine gleichmäßige Querschnittsverminderung vermieden werden, wobei die Ausnehmung als solche in jenem Bereich angeordnet werden kann, wo die Krafteinwirkungen nur geringer sind.If at least one recess opens into the base surface, a uniform reduction in cross-section can be avoided, the recess as such being able to be arranged in the area where the forces are only minor.

Wird oder werden die Ausnehmungen parallel zur Basisfläche angeordnet, so kann ein besonders guter Ausgleich der Spannungen im Betrieb erreicht werden, sodaß die Brandrisse, welche normal zur Arbeitsfläche verlaufen, langsamer wachsen und ebenfalls eine Erhöhung der Lebensdauer erreichbar ist. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, die Äusnehmunaen) mit der Maßgabe anzuordnen, daß mit Bezug zur Außenwandung bzw. zu(r) benachbarten Ausnehmung(en) eine etwa gleichmäßige Materialstärke vorliegt, wodurch sowohl für die mechanischen als auch für die thermischen Beanspruchungen eine besonders günstige Ausgestaltung erreicht ist.If the recesses are or are arranged parallel to the base surface, a particularly good compensation of the tensions during operation can be achieved, so that the fire cracks, which run normal to the work surface, grow more slowly and an increase in the service life can also be achieved. It is particularly advantageous to arrange the recesses) with the proviso that there is an approximately uniform material thickness with respect to the outer wall or to the (s) adjacent recess (es), which means that the mechanical and thermal stresses are particularly favorable is reached.

Der erfindungsgemäße Effekt der Erhöhung der Lebensdauer wird besonders günstig damit erreicht, daß das Volumen der Ausnehmung zumindest 3 %, vorzugsweise 5 - 15 %, desjenigen des Hammers beträgt.The effect according to the invention of increasing the service life is achieved particularly favorably by the volume of the recess being at least 3%, preferably 5-15%, of that of the hammer.

Völlig überraschend hat es sich erwiesen, daß die Erhöhung der Lebensdauer auch dann gegeben ist, wenn die Ausnehmung des Hammers mit im wesentlichen demselben Material, aus dem der Hammer besteht,ausgefüllt ist. Offensichtlich liegt im Inneren des Hammers eine derartige Gefügestruktur vor, daß die Spannungen an den ursprünglichen Grenzen der Ausnehmung so abgelenkt werden, daß sie keinerlei Schädigung mehr bewirken können.Completely surprisingly, it has been found that the service life is also increased if the recess of the hammer is filled with essentially the same material from which the hammer is made. Obviously there is a microstructure in the interior of the hammer such that the stresses at the original boundaries of the recess are deflected in such a way that they can no longer cause any damage.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen die Fig. 1, 2 und 3 verschiedene einstückige Schmiedehämmer, welche mit Ausnehmungen versehen sind.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. 1, 2 and 3 show different one-piece forging hammers which are provided with recesses.

Der in Fig.. 1 dargestellte Schmiedehammer weist eine mit Handhabungs-Bohrungen 3 versehene Grundplatte 1 auf, deren Dicke durch die Fortsätze 2 bestimmt ist, welche zur Montage des Schmiedehammers an dem nicht dargestellten Schmiedepleuel dienen. Der Basisfläche 4, die sich auch über die Fortsätze 2 erstreckt, gegenüber angeordnet ist die Arbeitsfläche, die einen Bereich 5 aufweist, welcher geneigt zur Basisfläche 4 angeordnet ist und eine Glättfläche 6, die parallel zur Basisfläche angeordnet ist. Zwischen Grundplatte 1 und Arbeitsfläche 5, 6 ist eine zylindrische Ausnehmung 7 vorgesehen, die sich über die gesamte Länge des Hammers erstreckt und durch deren Achse die Symmetrieebene des Hammers, welche normal zur Grundplatte verläuft,geht. Die Ausnehmung erstreckt sich somit über den gesamten Arbeitsbereich des einstückigen Hammers und ergibt eine Gewichtsersparnis von etwa 5 %.In Fig. 2 ist eine Ausführungsform eines Hammers dargestellt, wie er sich in der Praxix besonders bewährt hat. Der Hammer weist oberhalb der Grundplatte 1 zwei Ausnehmungen 8 auf, sodaß ein Steg 9 gebildet wird. Die Arbeitsfläche erstreckt sich vom Steg 9 über die Glättfläche 6 bis zum Bereich 5. Zwischen der Glättfläche 6 und dem Bereich 5 der Arbeitsfläche und der Grundplatte 1, deren Dicke durch die Stärke der Fortsätze 2 bestimmt ist, sind zwei zylindrische Ausnehmungen 10 vorgesehen, die sich normal zur Symmetrieebene erstrecken und diese durchsetzen. Die zylindrischen Ausnehmungen münden in den jeweiligen Seitenflächen 11. Die Gesamthöhe des Schmiedehammers beträgt ca. 230 mm, die Höhe der Grundplatte 80 mm und der Durchmesser der beiden Bohrungen 60 mm, die Gewichtsersparnis beträgt etwa 7 %.The forging hammer shown in FIG. 1 has a base plate 1 provided with handling bores 3, the thickness of which is determined by the extensions 2, which are used to mount the forging hammer on the forged connecting rod, not shown. The base surface 4, which also extends over the extensions 2, is arranged opposite the work surface, which has a region 5 which is arranged inclined to the base surface 4 and a smoothing surface 6 which is arranged parallel to the base surface. A cylindrical recess 7 is provided between the base plate 1 and the work surface 5, 6, which extends over the entire length of the hammer and through whose axis the plane of symmetry of the hammer, which runs normal to the base plate, passes. The recess thus extends over the entire working area of the one-piece hammer and results in a weight saving of about 5%. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a hammer as it has proven particularly useful in the practice. The hammer has two recesses 8 above the base plate 1 on, so that a web 9 is formed. The working surface extends from the web 9 over the smoothing surface 6 to the area 5. Between the smoothing surface 6 and the area 5 of the working surface and the base plate 1, the thickness of which is determined by the thickness of the extensions 2, two cylindrical recesses 10 are provided extend normal to the plane of symmetry and enforce it. The cylindrical recesses open into the respective side surfaces 11. The total height of the forging hammer is approximately 230 mm, the height of the base plate is 80 mm and the diameter of the two bores is 60 mm, the weight saving is approximately 7%.

In Fig. 3 ist eine besonders einfache Ausführungsform eines Schmiedehammers dargestellt, wobei von der Basisfläche 4 zwei sackförmige Ausnehmungen 12 ausgehen, die sich normal zur Glättfläche erstrecken und deren Gesamtvolumen etwa 12 % beträgt. Die Dicke der Grundplatte wird auch hier durch die Fortsätze 2 bestimmt, sodaß sie dicker ist als jener Bereich 13, welcher keine Arbeitsfläche aufweist.3 shows a particularly simple embodiment of a forging hammer, two base-shaped recesses 12 extending from the base surface 4, which extend normal to the smoothing surface and the total volume of which is approximately 12%. The thickness of the base plate is also determined here by the extensions 2, so that it is thicker than that region 13 which has no work surface.

Wie_den Zeichnungen leicht zu entnehmen, sind die abgerundeten Ausnehmungen immer in der Nähe des thermischen Zentrums des Hammers angeordnet. Das thermische Zentrum des Hammers entspricht ungefähr dem Schwerpunkt des gesamten Schmiedehammers.As can easily be seen in the drawings, the rounded recesses are always arranged near the thermal center of the hammer. The thermal center of the hammer roughly corresponds to the center of gravity of the entire forging hammer.

Alle in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Schmiedehämmer können auch so ausgeführt werden, daß die Ausnehmungen z.B. durch Schweißen bzw. durch Einschweißen eines Bolzens wieder ausgefüllt werden. Dadurch ist zwar die Gewichtsersparung von ca. 10 bis 20 % nicht mehr gegeben, jedoch kann die mechanische Stabilität dadurch erhöht werden.All forging hammers shown in the drawings can also be designed so that the recesses e.g. can be filled again by welding or by welding a bolt. As a result, the weight saving of approx. 10 to 20% is no longer possible, but the mechanical stability can be increased as a result.

Claims (6)

1. Gegossener Hammer für Schmiedemaschinen, insbesondere Langschmiedemaschinen, mit einer Grundplatte mit Basisfläche, die im am Schmiedepleuel montierten Zustand an dessen Grundfläche anliegt und einer gegenüber der Basisfläche angeordneten Arbeitsfläche, die eine Glättfläche aufweist, welche etwa parallel zur Basisfläche liegt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen Grundplatte (1) und Arbeitsfläche (5, 6) zumindest eine abgerundete Ausnehmung (7, 10, 12) vorgesehen ist, welche die Symmetrieebene des Hammers, die ungefähr normal zur Grundplatte verläuft, durchsetzt oder symmetrisch zu dieser angeordnet ist.1. Cast hammer for forging machines, in particular long forging machines, with a base plate with a base surface which, when mounted on the forged connecting rod, bears against its base surface and a working surface arranged opposite the base surface and having a smoothing surface which is approximately parallel to the base surface, characterized in that At least one rounded recess (7, 10, 12) is provided between the base plate (1) and the work surface (5, 6), which passes through or is arranged symmetrically to the plane of symmetry of the hammer, which runs approximately normal to the base plate. 2. Hammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest eine Ausnehmung in der Basisfläche (4) mündet.2. Hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one recess opens into the base surface (4). 3. Hammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die den Hammer vorzugsweise zur Gänze durchsetzende(n) Ausnehmung (en) (7, 10) parallel zur Basisfläche (4) angeordnet ist (sind).3. Hammer according to Claim 1, characterized in that the recess (s) (7, 10), which preferably passes entirely through the hammer, is (are) arranged parallel to the base surface (4). 4. Hammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2, 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausnehmung(en) mit der Maßgabe angeordnet ist (sind), daß mit Bezug zur Außenwandung bzw. zu(r) benachbarten Ausnehmung(en) eine etwa gleichmäBige Materialstärke vorliegt.4. Hammer according to one of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the recess (s) is arranged with the proviso that with respect to the outer wall or to (r) adjacent recess (s) one there is approximately uniform material thickness. 5. Hammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Volumen der Ausnehmungen (7, 10, 12) zumindest 3 %, vorzugsweise 5 - 15 % des Volumens des Hammers beträgt.5. Hammer according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the volume of the recesses (7, 10, 12) is at least 3%, preferably 5 - 15% of the volume of the hammer. 6. Hammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausnehmung(en) mit einem im wesentlichen dem Hammerwerkstoff entsprechenden Material ausgefüllt ist (sind).6. Hammer according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the recess (s) with a substantially the material corresponding to the hammer material is (are) filled.
EP81890012A 1980-02-06 1981-01-23 Cast hammer for a forging machine Expired EP0034139B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT63680A AT365493B (en) 1980-02-06 1980-02-06 FORGING HAMMER
AT636/80 1980-02-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0034139A1 true EP0034139A1 (en) 1981-08-19
EP0034139B1 EP0034139B1 (en) 1983-09-21

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EP81890012A Expired EP0034139B1 (en) 1980-02-06 1981-01-23 Cast hammer for a forging machine

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EP (1) EP0034139B1 (en)
AT (1) AT365493B (en)
DE (1) DE3160896D1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1066077C (en) * 1997-04-07 2001-05-23 燕山大学 New technology for forging horizontal V-shaped conical anvil
RU2507023C2 (en) * 2012-02-03 2014-02-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ОМЗ-Спецсталь" Suspended hammer

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2507024C1 (en) * 2012-08-10 2014-02-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кубанский государственный технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВПО "КубГТУ") Vibratory hammer

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE965100C (en) * 1954-07-25 1957-05-29 Wmf Wuerttemberg Metallwaren Die made of hot-work steel for the production of metal objects

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1977420A (en) * 1930-06-02 1934-10-16 Beche Hans Hammer tup
DE608449C (en) * 1933-12-31 1935-01-25 Aeg Press form or die with sharp edges
DE803144C (en) * 1948-10-02 1951-03-01 Beche & Grohs G M B H Hollow bars for mechanical hammers

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE965100C (en) * 1954-07-25 1957-05-29 Wmf Wuerttemberg Metallwaren Die made of hot-work steel for the production of metal objects

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1066077C (en) * 1997-04-07 2001-05-23 燕山大学 New technology for forging horizontal V-shaped conical anvil
RU2507023C2 (en) * 2012-02-03 2014-02-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ОМЗ-Спецсталь" Suspended hammer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0034139B1 (en) 1983-09-21
ATA63680A (en) 1981-06-15
DE3160896D1 (en) 1983-10-27
AT365493B (en) 1982-01-25

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