EP0033447B1 - System for discharging coke from a cooling bunker fed with a cooling gas - Google Patents

System for discharging coke from a cooling bunker fed with a cooling gas Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0033447B1
EP0033447B1 EP81100245A EP81100245A EP0033447B1 EP 0033447 B1 EP0033447 B1 EP 0033447B1 EP 81100245 A EP81100245 A EP 81100245A EP 81100245 A EP81100245 A EP 81100245A EP 0033447 B1 EP0033447 B1 EP 0033447B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bunker
cooling
coke
equipment according
cooling gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81100245A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0033447A3 (en
EP0033447A2 (en
Inventor
Johannes Lorrek
Friedrich Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Jokisch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krupp Koppers GmbH
Original Assignee
Krupp Koppers GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krupp Koppers GmbH filed Critical Krupp Koppers GmbH
Priority to AT81100245T priority Critical patent/ATE5598T1/en
Publication of EP0033447A2 publication Critical patent/EP0033447A2/en
Publication of EP0033447A3 publication Critical patent/EP0033447A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0033447B1 publication Critical patent/EP0033447B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/21—Arrangements of devices for discharging
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B33/00—Discharging devices; Coke guides
    • C10B33/12—Discharge valves
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B39/00—Cooling or quenching coke
    • C10B39/02—Dry cooling outside the oven

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for discharging coke from a cooling shaft charged with cooling gases.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device which on the one hand allows a well controllable, uniform discharge of the coke over the entire shaft cross-section and on the other hand prevents the escape of dust-laden gases into the atmosphere.
  • the scraper (s) are pivotally and / or longitudinally displaceably mounted on the support ring. This measure allows the amount of coke discharged from each stripper to be set precisely.
  • the collecting container is provided with a frustoconical, lifting and lowering bottom closure.
  • a lock container connects to the collecting container at the bottom.
  • the lock container is provided with a suction nozzle for the extraction of cooling gas flowing in.
  • the lock container can also have a connecting piece for the supply of inert gas.
  • the features of the invention mentioned above create a discharge system which is closed as a whole against the atmosphere and thus reliably prevents the escape of rod-laden gases.
  • the actual discharge elements consisting of the wipers attached to the support ring, make it possible to adjust the amount of coke discharged in the desired unit by changing the rotational speed and the position of the wipers. In this way it can be ensured that the coke column in the cooling shaft has a constant height and the coke is thus also subjected to constant intensive cooling.
  • the invention is illustrated in the drawing.
  • the lower area of the cooling shaft is indicated by 1.
  • a metallic housing 2 on which a support ring 5 is mounted by means of vertical and horizontal support or guide rollers 3 or 4.
  • the latter carries a plurality of wipers 6 which engage in the coke slope 7 which rests on the discharge table 8.
  • the application table represents the lower end of a plurality of conical metal shells 9 arranged one above the other or one inside the other, which here form an annular column of bulk goods in the discharge area of the cooling shaft. Spaces 10 are left between the individual metal shells, which serve to distribute the cooling gas.
  • a collecting container 11 for the stripped coke is provided below the discharge table 8. This is provided with a conical bottom closure 12 which - as indicated by 12 '- can be raised and lowered. In turn, a lock container 13 adjoins the collecting container 11, the lower end of which is provided with a suitable shut-off element 14.
  • the collecting container 11 is surrounded by a ring line 15 for the supply of the cooling gas.
  • a plurality of branch lines 16 lead from this ring line and lead into the collecting container.
  • the cooling gas passes through the coke lying on the discharge table 8 or through the above-mentioned intermediate spaces 10 into the cooling shaft 1. Flowing upward in this, the cooling gas flows around the coke in the cooling shaft and cools it down, after which it is not shown here Way in the upper area of the cooling shaft is withdrawn from this.
  • the electric motor 17 which is mounted on the metallic housing 1 by means of a supporting structure 18, is used to drive the supporting ring 5.
  • the electric motor drives a gear 19 which interacts with the toothing 20 provided on the circumference of the support ring.
  • a suction port on the lock container 13 is designated, through which the cooling gas flowing into the lock container through the opened bottom lock 12 is drawn off. This measure prevents cooling gas from being released when the shut-off element 14 is opened.
  • Another possibility of preventing the escape of cooling gas from the lock container 13 is to apply an inert gas to the lock container from the connection socket designated by 22.
  • the pressure of the inert gas must be greater than the pressure of the cooling gas so that it cannot flow into the lock container when the bottom closure 12 is open.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zum Austragen von Koks aus einem mit Kühlgasen beaufschlagten Kühlschacht.The invention relates to a device for discharging coke from a cooling shaft charged with cooling gases.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Einrichtung zu schaffen, die einerseits einen gut regelbaren, über den Gesamtschachtquerschnitt gleichmässigen Austrag des Kokses gestattet und bei der andererseits ein Entweichen von staubbeladenen Gasen in die Atmosphäre verhindert wird.The invention has for its object to provide a device which on the one hand allows a well controllable, uniform discharge of the coke over the entire shaft cross-section and on the other hand prevents the escape of dust-laden gases into the atmosphere.

Die Erfindung ist gekennzeichnet durch die Kombination folgender Merkmale:

  • a) dass ein oder mehrere in den auf dem Austragetisch (8) des Kühlschachtes (1) aufliegenden Koks (7) eingreifende Abstreifer (6) vorgesehen sind, die an einem Tragring (5) befestigt sind, der drehbar gelagert und mit einem drehzahlregelbaren Antrieb (17) versehen ist, wobei der Tragring mit dem bzw. den Abstreifern in einem gegen die Atmosphäre abgedichteten Gehäuse (2) angeordnet ist;
  • b) dass oberhalb des Austragetisches (8) mehrere übereinander bzw. ineinander angeordnete kegelstumpfförmige Metallmäntel (9) zur Ausbildung einer ringförmigen Schüttgutsäule vorgesehen sind, wobei zwischen den einzelnen Metallmänteln (9) Zwischenräume (10) zur Verteilung des Kühlgases belassen sind und
  • c) dass unterhalb des Austragetisches (8) ein Sammelbehälter (11) für den abgestreiften Koks vorgesehen ist, der gleichzeitig als Verteilungsraum für das Kühlgas dient, wozu er von einer Kühlgas-Ringleitung (15) umgeben ist, von der mehrere in den Sammelbehälter (11) mündende Zweigleitungen (16) abgehen.
The invention is characterized by the combination of the following features:
  • a) that one or more in the on the discharge table (8) of the cooling shaft (1) coke (7) engaging scrapers (6) are provided, which are attached to a support ring (5) which is rotatably mounted and with a speed-adjustable drive (17) is provided, the support ring with the wiper or wipers being arranged in a housing (2) sealed against the atmosphere;
  • b) that above the discharge table (8) a plurality of truncated conical metal shells (9) arranged one above the other or one inside the other are provided to form an annular column of bulk material, wherein spaces (10) for distributing the cooling gas are left between the individual metal shells (9) and
  • c) that a collecting container (11) for the stripped coke is provided below the discharge table (8), which at the same time serves as a distribution space for the cooling gas, for which purpose it is surrounded by a cooling gas ring line (15), of which several are in the collecting container ( 11) go out branch lines (16).

Der oder die Abstreifer sind hierbei nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung schwenkbar und/oder längsverschiebbar am Tragring gelagert. Durch diese Massnahme lässtsich die von jedem einzelnen Abstreifer ausgetragene Koksmenge genau einstellen.According to a further feature of the invention, the scraper (s) are pivotally and / or longitudinally displaceably mounted on the support ring. This measure allows the amount of coke discharged from each stripper to be set precisely.

AusderDE-B-1 071 589 ist bereits eine Austragseinrichtung für stückiges Gut bekannt, bei der ein oder mehrere in das Gut eingreifende Abstreifer vorgesehen sind, die am drehbaren Oberteil des Bunkers gelagert und in ihrer Position zur Bunkerachse hin verschiebbar sind.From DE-B-1 071 589 a discharge device for lumpy material is already known, in which one or more scrapers engaging in the material are provided, which are mounted on the rotatable upper part of the bunker and can be moved in their position towards the bunker axis.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der Sammelbehälter mit einem kegelstumpfförmigen, heb- und senkbaren Bodenverschluss versehen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the collecting container is provided with a frustoconical, lifting and lowering bottom closure.

Es ist weiter vorgesehen, dass sich an den Sammelbehälter nach unten ein Schleusbehälter anschliesst.It is further provided that a lock container connects to the collecting container at the bottom.

Ein weiteres Merkmal der Erfindung besteht darin, dass der Schleusbehälter mit einem Absaugestutzen für den Abzug eingeströmten Kühlgases versehen ist. Alternativ kann der Schleusbehälter auch einen Anschluss-Stutzen für die Zufuhr von Inertgas aufweisen.Another feature of the invention is that the lock container is provided with a suction nozzle for the extraction of cooling gas flowing in. Alternatively, the lock container can also have a connecting piece for the supply of inert gas.

Durch die vorstehend angeführten Erfindungsmerkmale wird ein Austragsystem geschaffen, das als Ganzes gegen die Atmosphäre abgeschlossen ist und damit ein Entweichen von stabbeladenen Gasen zuverlässig verhindert. Die eigentlichen Austrageelemente, bestehend aus den am Tragring befestigten Abstreifern, ermöglichen es, die Menge des in der Zeiteinheit ausgetragenen Kokses in gewünschtem Masse durch Änderung der Rotationsgeschwindigkeit sowie der Stellung der Abstreifer einzustellen. Auf diese Weise kann sichergestellt werden, dass die Kokssäule im Kühlschacht eine gleichbleibende Höhe aufweist und der Koks somit auch eine gleichbleibend intensive Kühlung erfährt.The features of the invention mentioned above create a discharge system which is closed as a whole against the atmosphere and thus reliably prevents the escape of rod-laden gases. The actual discharge elements, consisting of the wipers attached to the support ring, make it possible to adjust the amount of coke discharged in the desired unit by changing the rotational speed and the position of the wipers. In this way it can be ensured that the coke column in the cooling shaft has a constant height and the coke is thus also subjected to constant intensive cooling.

Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung veranschaulicht. Darin ist mit 1 der untere Bereich des Kühlschachtes angedeutet. An diesen schliesst sich nach unten ein metallisches Gehäuse 2 an, an dem mittels vertikaler und horizontaler Trag- bzw. Führungsrollen 3 bzw. 4 ein Tragring 5 gelagert ist. Letzterer trägt mehrere Abstreifer 6, die in die Koksböschung 7 eingreifen, die auf dem Austragetisch 8 aufliegt. Der Auftragetisch stellt den unteren Abschluss mehrerer übereinander bzw. ineinander angeordneter, kegelstumpfförmiger Metallmäntel 9 dar, die hier im Austragebereich des Kühlschachtes eine ringförmige Schüttgutsäule bilden. Dabei sind zwischen den einzelnen Metallmänteln Zwischenräume 10 belassen, die der Verteilung des Kühlgases dienen.The invention is illustrated in the drawing. The lower area of the cooling shaft is indicated by 1. This is followed at the bottom by a metallic housing 2, on which a support ring 5 is mounted by means of vertical and horizontal support or guide rollers 3 or 4. The latter carries a plurality of wipers 6 which engage in the coke slope 7 which rests on the discharge table 8. The application table represents the lower end of a plurality of conical metal shells 9 arranged one above the other or one inside the other, which here form an annular column of bulk goods in the discharge area of the cooling shaft. Spaces 10 are left between the individual metal shells, which serve to distribute the cooling gas.

Unterhalb des Austragetisches 8 ist ein Sammelbehälter 11 für den abgestreiften Koks vorgesehen. Dieser ist mit einem kegelförmigen Bodenverschluss 12 versehen, der - wie mit 12' angedeutet - heb-und senkbar ist. An den Sammelbehälter 11 wiederum schliesst sich nach unten ein Schleusbehälter 13 an, dessen unteres Ende mit einem geeigneten Absperrorgan 14 versehen ist.A collecting container 11 for the stripped coke is provided below the discharge table 8. This is provided with a conical bottom closure 12 which - as indicated by 12 '- can be raised and lowered. In turn, a lock container 13 adjoins the collecting container 11, the lower end of which is provided with a suitable shut-off element 14.

Der Sammelbehälter 11 ist umgeben von einer Ringleitung 15 für die Zufuhr des Kühlgases. Von dieser Ringleitung gehen sternförmig mehrere Zweigleitungen 16 ab, die in den Sammelbehälter führen. Vom Sammelbehälter aus gelangt das Kühlgas durch den auf dem Austragetisch 8 liegenden Koks bzw. durch die erwähnten Zwischenräume 10 in den Kühlschacht 1. In diesem aufwärts strömend umspült das Kühlgas den im Kühlschacht befindlichen Koks und kühlt ihn hierbei ab, wonach es in hier nicht dargestellter Weise im oberen Bereich des Kühlschachtes aus diesem wieder abgezogen wird.The collecting container 11 is surrounded by a ring line 15 for the supply of the cooling gas. A plurality of branch lines 16 lead from this ring line and lead into the collecting container. From the collecting container, the cooling gas passes through the coke lying on the discharge table 8 or through the above-mentioned intermediate spaces 10 into the cooling shaft 1. Flowing upward in this, the cooling gas flows around the coke in the cooling shaft and cools it down, after which it is not shown here Way in the upper area of the cooling shaft is withdrawn from this.

Zum Antrieb des Tragringes 5 dient im vorliegenden Fall der Elektromotor 17, der mittels einer Tragkonstruktion 18 am metallischen Gehäuse 1 gelagert ist. Der Elektromotor treibt hierbei ein Zahnrad 19 an, das mit der am Umfang des Tragringes vorgesehenen Verzahnung 20 zusammenwirkt.In the present case, the electric motor 17, which is mounted on the metallic housing 1 by means of a supporting structure 18, is used to drive the supporting ring 5. The electric motor drives a gear 19 which interacts with the toothing 20 provided on the circumference of the support ring.

Durch die Rotation des Tragringes 5 räumen die an diesem befestigten Abstreifer 6 den Koks von dem Austragetisch 8 ab, der von dort aus in den Sammelbehälter 11 gelangt. Der Abzug des Kokses aus diesem in den Schleusbehälter 13 und von dort aus ins Freie erfolgt durch wechselweises Öffnen bzw. Schliessen des Bodenverschlusses 12 und des Absperrorgans 14. Durch diese Anordnung istsichergestellt, dass in keiner Betriebsphase eine direkte Verbindung des Kühlschachtinneren mit der Atmosphäre bestehen kann. Damit wird ein Entweichen staubbeladener Gase aus dem Kühlschacht bzw. aus dem Austragesystem, das eine Belästigung der Umgebung der Anlage zur Folge haben würde, zuverlässig verhindert.Due to the rotation of the support ring 5, the wipers 6 attached to this clear the coke from the discharge table 8, which from there reaches the collecting container 11. The coke is withdrawn from this into the lock container 13 and from there into the open air by alternately opening or closing the bottom closure 12 and the shut-off element 14. This arrangement ensures that there is no direct connection between the interior of the cooling shaft and the atmosphere in any operating phase re can exist. This reliably prevents dust-laden gases from escaping from the cooling shaft or from the discharge system, which would have a negative impact on the surroundings of the system.

Mit 21 ist in der Zeichnung ein Absaugestutzen am Schleusbehälter 13 bezeichnet, durch den das in den Schleusbehälter durch den geöffneten Bodenverschluss 12 eingeströmte Kühlgas abgezogen wird. Durch diese Massnahme wird verhindert, dass Kühlgas beim Öffnen des Absperrorgans 14 ins Freie gelangt.With 21 in the drawing, a suction port on the lock container 13 is designated, through which the cooling gas flowing into the lock container through the opened bottom lock 12 is drawn off. This measure prevents cooling gas from being released when the shut-off element 14 is opened.

Eine andere Möglichkeit, den Austritt von Kühlgas aus dem Schleusbehälter 13 zu verhindern, besteht darin, den Schleusbehälter mit einem Inertgas aus dem mit 22 bezeichneten Anschluss-Stutzen zu beaufschlagen. Der Druck des Inertgases muss hierbei grösser sein als der Druck des Kühlgases, so dass dieses bei geöffnetem Bodenverschluss 12 nicht in den Schleusbehälter einströmen kann.Another possibility of preventing the escape of cooling gas from the lock container 13 is to apply an inert gas to the lock container from the connection socket designated by 22. The pressure of the inert gas must be greater than the pressure of the cooling gas so that it cannot flow into the lock container when the bottom closure 12 is open.

Während des Austrages des Kokses aus dem Sammelbehälter 11, d.h. bei geöffnetem Bodenverschluss 12, wird der Antrieb des Tragringes 5 mit den Abstreifern 6 stillgesetzt, so dass in dieser Zeit kein weiterer Koks in den Sammelbehälter gelangen und hierbei den Bodenverschluss zusetzen kann.During the discharge of the coke from the collection container 11, i.e. When the bottom lock 12 is open, the drive of the support ring 5 with the wipers 6 is stopped, so that no further coke can get into the collecting container during this time and the bottom lock can become clogged.

Claims (6)

1. Equipment for discharging coke from a cooling flue supplied with cooling gases, characterised by the combination of the following characteristics:
a) by one or more scrapers (6) which reach into the coke (7) lying on the discharge table (8) of the cooling flue (1) and are fixed to a carrier ring (5) which is rotatably mounted and provided with a variable-speed drive (17), the carrier ring with the scraper or scrapers being located in a housing (2) which is sealed from the atmosphere;
b) by several metal shells (9) above the discharge table (8) which have the shape of truncated cones and are arranged above one another and inside one another and which here form an annular column of heaped material, between the individual metal shells (9) being gaps (10) which serve to distribute the cooling gas;
c) by a bunker (11) for the scraped-out coke arranged underneath the discharge table (8), the bunker serving at the same time as a distributor space for the cooling gas, for which purpose the bunker is surrounded by a ring main (15), from which branch lines (16) lead into the bunker.
2. Equipment according to claim 1, characterised in that the scraper or scrapers (6) is or are pivotably and/or longitudinally displaceably mounted on the carrier ring (5).
3. Equipment according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the bunker (11) is provided with a conical bottom closure (12) which can be raised and lowered.
4. Equipment according to claim 1 - 3, characterised in that the bunker (11) is adjoined on the underside by an extractor (13).
5. Equipment according to claims 1 - 4, characterised in that the extractor (13) is provided with an extraction nozzle (21) for extracting any cooling gas which has entered.
6. Equipment according to claims 1 - 4, characterised in that the extractor (13) is provided with a connection nozzle (22) for feeding inert gas.
EP81100245A 1980-01-31 1981-01-15 System for discharging coke from a cooling bunker fed with a cooling gas Expired EP0033447B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81100245T ATE5598T1 (en) 1980-01-31 1981-01-15 DEVICE FOR DISCHARGE OF COKE FROM A COOLING TUBE ACCURATED WITH COOLING GASES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3003345 1980-01-31
DE19803003345 DE3003345A1 (en) 1980-01-31 1980-01-31 DEVICE FOR DISCHARGING COCKS FROM A COOLING GAS CHARGED WITH COOLING GAS

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0033447A2 EP0033447A2 (en) 1981-08-12
EP0033447A3 EP0033447A3 (en) 1981-12-09
EP0033447B1 true EP0033447B1 (en) 1983-12-14

Family

ID=6093296

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81100245A Expired EP0033447B1 (en) 1980-01-31 1981-01-15 System for discharging coke from a cooling bunker fed with a cooling gas

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US4333910A (en)
EP (1) EP0033447B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS56110783A (en)
AR (1) AR221807A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE5598T1 (en)
AU (1) AU536932B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8100459A (en)
CA (1) CA1169383A (en)
DE (2) DE3003345A1 (en)
ES (1) ES496976A0 (en)
MX (1) MX152500A (en)
ZA (1) ZA806953B (en)

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FR2487043A1 (en) * 1980-07-18 1982-01-22 Framatome Sa DEVICE FOR DECOLMAGING AND RECOVERING SLUDGE ON THE TUBULAR PLATE OF A STEAM GENERATOR
DE3140736A1 (en) * 1981-10-14 1983-04-28 Krupp-Koppers Gmbh, 4300 Essen CONTAINER FOR TRANSPORTING HOT COC.
US5670025A (en) * 1995-08-24 1997-09-23 Saturn Machine & Welding Co., Inc. Coke oven door with multi-latch sealing system
CN102786941B (en) * 2012-08-06 2014-10-08 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 Heat cycle continuous automatic coal pyrolyzing furnace
DE102016112969A1 (en) * 2016-07-14 2018-01-18 Thyssenkrupp Ag Discharge device for a shaft furnace and method for discharging firing material from a shaft furnace

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US668297A (en) * 1898-12-21 1901-02-19 Nathaniel B Powter Rendering apparatus.
US1279515A (en) * 1916-11-21 1918-09-24 George D Coleman Paint-mixer.
GB152965A (en) * 1918-09-07 1920-11-10 Henry Latham Doherty Improved means for discharging material at the base of shaft furnaces
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US4200614A (en) * 1978-02-17 1980-04-29 National Distillers And Chemical Corporation Turbine mixer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA806953B (en) 1983-02-23
EP0033447A3 (en) 1981-12-09
CA1169383A (en) 1984-06-19
ES8202352A1 (en) 1982-02-01
DE3161604D1 (en) 1984-01-19
AU536932B2 (en) 1984-05-31
MX152500A (en) 1985-08-14
BR8100459A (en) 1981-08-11
ATE5598T1 (en) 1983-12-15
ES496976A0 (en) 1982-02-01
US4333910A (en) 1982-06-08
JPS56110783A (en) 1981-09-02
AR221807A1 (en) 1981-03-13
AU6498980A (en) 1981-08-06
EP0033447A2 (en) 1981-08-12
DE3003345A1 (en) 1981-08-06
JPH0160077B2 (en) 1989-12-20

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