EP0031169A2 - Clarinet with different cross-sections or sizes of the various parts of the longitudinal bore - Google Patents

Abstract

Approximately the top third of the upper body of a clarinet has an enlarged bore, the enlargement being located between two narrower zones of the bore with the result that the duodecimos and the high-register tones are correctly tuned but the construction is relatively simple.

Description

The invention relates to a clarinet with different diameters or volumes of the different sections of the longitudinal bore.

A clarinet of this type is known, for example, from DE-AS 23 33 540. Although the duo decimates were in a good mood there, certain difficulties remained with the tones of the high register.

Although this problem was largely solved with a clarinet according to DE-AS 27 16 786, that is, essentially all duo decimates can be optimally tuned using the principle of the design of the volumes of individual sections of the longitudinal bore described in DE-AS 27 16 786, and it is also possible to avoid the tones of the high register becoming too low, but this known principle requires a relatively large amount of work.

This is because it is necessary to work extremely precisely in the formation of the longitudinal bore that is constantly changing over a certain area. In addition, it can be expedient in certain tone hole systems to enlarge the tone holes and / or to set them lower in order to achieve the required space at certain points in the longitudinal bore.

The object of the invention is to provide a clarinet in which largely all duo decimates can also be tuned in and in which the tones of the high register are also correct, and this with a relatively small amount of work in the production of the longitudinal bore, and on top of that the tone holes can be omitted.

bis

mm oder unter Einschluß etwaiger Tonlochveränderungen einer Volumenzunahme von 300 bis 3000 mm 3 gegenüber einer gedachten, geradlinig begrenzten durchlaufenden Grundbohrung entspricht.The solution to this problem is that when the clarinet is divided into equally long sections of one centimeter, the division beginning at the end of the upper part assigned to the barrel with zero, the longitudinal bore in the region between the 12th and the second section, preferably between the tenth and the second section in the case of B clarinets or between the fourteenth and the second section in the case of A clarinets, at least in part of this area has an expansion in the form of an increase in diameter or other volume compared to the area adjacent to these areas which either increase the diameter of. while maintaining the existing tone hole network

to

mm or including any changes in the tone hole corresponds to an increase in volume of 300 to 3000 mm 3 compared to an imaginary, straight-line continuous through-hole.

mm ausgehend vom unteren Punkt der Ausweitung bis zum unteren Ende des Oberstücks ausgebildet. Dieser Bereich vom unteren Endpunkt der Ausweitung bis zum unteren Ende des Oberstücks kann grundsätzlich jede beliebige Form bekannter Klarinetten aufweisen, d. h. es können in diesem Abschnitt auch Absätze vorgesehen sein.The essence of the invention is that at least in part of that in claims 1 and 10 specified area, an expansion of the longitudinal bore is provided, to which narrow areas adjoin at the top and bottom. The principle is therefore that there is a relatively large expansion between two relatively narrow areas. Of course, it is possible to provide for a relatively short range, for example between the eighth and sixth sections in the case of a B-flat clarinet or between sections 12.5 and 7.5 in the case of an A-clarinet. The areas adjoining the expansion upwards and downwards can have different shapes. For example, it is possible that the extension is provided in a conical shape of the longitudinal bore, the longitudinal bore being conical on both sides of the extension, or a conical shape can only be provided above the extension, ie in the direction of the barrel. The extension itself can be designed as a rugged heel, as a conical extension or just as a blind hole in the wall of the clarinet. It is essential here that the specified increase in volume compared to the continuous imaginary basic bore is provided. The area below the extension, which extends to the twenty-second section with a B-clarinet and to the twenty-fourth section with an A-clarinet from the lower point of the extension, is regarded as the basic bore. This area is preferably cylindrical or slightly conical with a decrease in diameter of

mm formed from the lower point of the expansion to the lower end of the upper piece. This area from the lower end point of the extension to the lower end of the upper part can in principle have any shape of known clarinets, ie paragraphs can also be provided in this section.

The area between the twenty-second section and a point between the twenty-sixth and the twenty-ninth section is preferably cylindrical and adapted to the diameter of the basic bore, provided that this is also cylindrical from the twenty-second section up to the expansion. If the area between the twenty-second section and the lower end point of the expansion is extended with paragraphs or other diameter changes, then the area between the twenty-second section and a point between the twenty-sixth and twenty-ninth section is the narrowest area and represents the basic bore Section information refers to a B-flat clarinet. In the case of an A clarinet, sections 24 to approximately 31 correspond to this area of the lower part.

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vorgenommen werden, je nach Länge des ausgeweiteten Bereichs, d. h. je nach dem ob die Erweiterung vom achten bis zum dritten oder nur vom sechsten bis zum dritten Abschnitt, beispielsweise bei einer B-Klarinette, reicht. Bei einer A-Klarinette sind diese Bereiche entsprechend der größeren Länge der A-Klarinette gegenüber einer B-Klarinette verschoben, wie dies aus einer Gegenüberstellung der Abschnittsangaben in den Ansprüchen 1 und 10 hervorgeht. Bei einer kurzen Erweiterung muß natürlich zur Erzielung des Volumenzuwachses die Durchmessererweiterung wesentlich größer ausfallen als bei einem längeren erweiterten Bereich.The volume expansion mentioned in claim 1 and in claim 10 can be achieved in the simplest manner by increasing the diameter of the longitudinal bore in the specified range. Depending on the length of the extended area, diameter enlargements, starting from a basic bore of 14.80 mm in the order of magnitude

to

be carried out, depending on the length of the expanded range, ie depending on whether the expansion extends from the eighth to the third or only from the sixth to the third section, for example in the case of a B-flat clarinet. In the case of an A clarinet, these areas are shifted in accordance with the greater length of the A clarinet compared to a B clarinet, as can be seen from a comparison of the section information in claims 1 and 10. In the case of a short expansion, the diameter expansion must of course be much larger than in the case of a longer expanded area in order to achieve the volume increase.

The part above the expansion, i.e. H. towards the barrel, and the barrel can be kept as narrow as the hole below the extension. If the area above the extension has a larger diameter than the area below the extension, the extension is not as large as if this upper area is just as narrow as the area adjoining the expansion downwards.

Through the invention, it is possible to manufacture the clarinet in a simple manner, since the upper part is drilled out from above in accordance with the greatest width in the enlarged area and which is adapted to the expansion upwards, ie. H. towards the barrel, the subsequent area is narrowed again by an insert, for example a plastic sleeve.

The diameter expansion can also be combined with a tone hole enlargement in this area, which also creates additional space. It is also possible to use, in addition to the measures mentioned, the possibility of increasing the volume of the longitudinal bore, which is already indicated above, and which consists in the arrangement of radial bores which are closed on the outside, that is to say form blind holes. The diameter enlargements given for the extension refer to clarinets in which changes in the sense of an enlargement of the length of the longitudinal bore have not been created by enlarging or reducing the tone holes.

When using this explained principle of the invention, it may be necessary to widen the mouthpiece. However, in order to get by with a mouthpiece, which is usually available on the market, it is recommended to use the barrel for B clarinets and A clarinets widen the uppermost part of the top piece starting from section four to the barrel. With an A clarinet, this widening, which can be up to 2 mm, can only begin at section 1.0. It is only important that in the area between the fourth section and the section zero an extension of the longitudinal bore in A clarinets is provided, if one wants to get by with a conventional mouthpiece. The width of the barrel depends on the expansion in the area between the 4th section and the section 0 and the narrower the expansion, the narrower the expansion.

For all types of clarinets, it is advisable to lower the tone holes in the lower part by about 1 to 4 mm, i. H. towards the falls.

In the subclaims, further advantageous measures are specified which, when combined with the measure according to claim 1 or according to claim 10, bring about further improvements in the tuning of the duodezimes and the high location.

Of course, the individual measures, which are specified in the subclaims, are only to be regarded as approximate guidelines for the person skilled in the art, depending on the given tone hole network, the mouthpiece used, the diameter and position of the duodezimen sleeve and the type of sheet used, by some To call influencing factors, must be coordinated more precisely. For example, the diameter of the mouthpiece can be chosen somewhat larger for a light leaf than for a heavier leaf. Furthermore, a longer barrel can be used for a narrower mouthpiece, for example. These measures are just like that according to claim 1 or claim 10 proposed extension with regard to fine-tuning through experiments, because the individual measures, which are addressed as a whole, influence and complement each other. Thus, for example, it is not absolutely necessary in the case of the extension provided according to claim 1 or claim 10, that this extension is provided with a rugged paragraph, but if the expanded area is provided over several sections, a step-like expansion or an expansion can be continuous with it changing diameters of the longitudinal bore can be provided if only the basic fact is realized that in the specified upper region a very large expansion is provided in relation to the narrow basic bore, to which narrowing follows on both sides.

• Fig. 1 den Verlauf einer Längsbohrung einer B-Klarinette;
• Fig. 2 die Längsschnittform des Oberstücks einer B-Klarinette, wobei nur die rechte Begrenzung der Längsbohrung dargestellt ist;
• Fig. 3 eine weitere abgeänderte Ausführungsform der Längsbohrung einer B-Klarinette vom Mundstück bis einschließlich Oberstück, wobei wie in Fig. 2 nur die rechte Begrenzungslinie der Bohrung dargestellt ist;
• Fig. 4 - 6 weitere Ausführungsformen von B-Klarinetten; und
• Fig. 7 - 9 verschiedene Ausführungsformen von A-Klarinetten.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description together with the claims of the drawing, in which the invention is shown for example. In the drawing, in which a different scale is provided in the longitudinal direction than in the transverse direction, shows:

• 1 shows the course of a longitudinal bore of a B clarinet.
• Figure 2 shows the longitudinal sectional shape of the upper part of a B-flat clarinet, only the right boundary of the longitudinal bore being shown.
• 3 shows a further modified embodiment of the longitudinal bore of a B-clarinet from the mouthpiece up to and including the upper part, only the right boundary line of the bore being shown as in FIG. 2;
• FIGS. 4-6 further embodiments of B clarinets; and
• 7-9 different embodiments of A clarinets.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 3, the longitudinal bore of the clarinet is divided into individual sections each 1 cm long, section 0 being provided at the end of the upper part of the clarinet facing the barrel. The narrowest point of the longitudinal bore is in the area of sections 8 to 26. In the exemplary embodiment shown, this basic bore has a diameter of 14.70 mm. Between section 8 and section 3.5 there is a very large widening to a diameter in relation to the basic bore 15.50 mm. To the . The upper part, which is designated by 1, is followed by the barrel 2, which has the same diameter as the upper part in the region between the sections 3.5 and 0, this diameter corresponding to the diameter of the basic bore and being 14.70 mm. The cylindrical mouthpiece 3, which has a diameter of 15.25 mm, adjoins the barrel 2. In the clarinet shown in Fig. 1, a Vandoren mouthpiece with track number 45 was used. When using a light blade, the mouthpiece was conically extended to 15.50 mm towards the barrel, as indicated by the dashed line 4. The length of the barrel has been adjusted so that the basic mood is 440 vibrations for a '.

mm im Bereich zwischen den Abschnitten 8 und 3,5 ist,ein empfehlenswertes Richtmaß, das bei den meisten Klarinetten zu einem sehr guten Resultat führt. Feinheiten müssen experimentell von Fall zu Fall festgehalten werden.The expansion of

mm in the range between sections 8 and 3.5 is a recommended guideline, which leads to a very good result with most clarinets. Subtleties must be experimentally recorded on a case-by-case basis.

Of course, the size and arrangement of the tone holes play a major role. It is not of crucial importance that the expansion between the sections 8 and 3, 5 is particularly rugged, as shown in FIG. 1, but several paragraphs can also be provided, as shown in FIG. 2. There the first paragraph begins at section 9 and the expansion ends at section 3.5. ' This example shows that if several stages are formed one after the other, section 10 as the preferred starting point can be moved down towards section 12 without achieving significantly worse results. During the tests carried out, however, it was found that when the extension between the 8th and 3rd sections was arranged the best results were achieved. However, it is readily apparent to the person skilled in the art that exceeding or falling below these specified limits does not suddenly lead to deterioration. Rather, the deterioration is gradual and depends on the size of the deviation from the range specified in claim 1.

At the in Fgi. 2 hole shown is the basic bore with a diameter of 14.80 mm, the first paragraph has a diameter of 15.00, the second paragraph has a diameter of 15.20, the third paragraph has a diameter of 15.40 and the largest The diameter of the expansion is 15.60 mm. In the longitudinal direction, the shoulders each have the length of a section, that is to say 1 cm. The basic bore with a diameter of 14.80 is essentially retained up to the end of the upper part. As indicated by the dashed line, the subsequent lower part of the clarinet has a shoulder that is still in the upper part and is about a length 1.5 cm, has a diameter of 14.70 mm. This narrowing can be continued in the lower part. In the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the barrel is made with the same diameter as the area between section 0 and section 3.5. However, this is not absolutely necessary. Rather, the barrel can have both a larger and a smaller diameter than the area between the sections 3, 5 and 0. The narrowing after the large expansion was made immediately above, ie in the direction of the barrel, the duodezimen sleeve. This makes it possible to drill out the top piece from above, for example, to section 8 with a diameter of 15.50 and to obtain the constriction between sections 0 and 3.5 by using a plastic sleeve with the corresponding diameters. The duodezimen sleeve is then located below the plastic sleeve.

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statt wie dar- gestellt

zweckmäßig,um gleich gute Ergebnisse zu erzielen. Hieraus läßt sich ableiten, daß bei einem größeren Durchmesser des Bereiches zwischen den Abschnitten 3,5 und 0 und des Fäßchens als es dem Durchmesser der Grundbohrung entspricht, wobei diese Durchmesservergrößerung gegenüber der Grundbohrung etwa

bis

mm betragen kann, es zweckmäßig ist, die Ausweitung zwischen den Abschnitten 8 und 3,5 um etwa

bis

mm zu verringern. Je kleiner der Durchmesser zwischen den Abschnitten 8 und 3,5 ist, umso enger kann die Bohrung des Mundstücks gewählt werden.If the bore of the sections 3.5 to 0 or the bore of the barrel is wider than the basic bore, ie the bore between the 8th and the 26th section, the expansion between the sections 8 and 3.5 is reduced

to

instead of as shown

useful to achieve equally good results. From this it can be deduced that with a larger diameter of the area between the sections 3, 5 and 0 and the barrel than it corresponds to the diameter of the basic bore, this increase in diameter compared to the basic bore approximately

to

mm may be, it is appropriate to expand approximately between the sections 8 and 3.5

to

mm decrease. The smaller the diameter between sections 8 and 3.5, the narrower the bore of the mouthpiece can be selected.

In another clarinet, not shown in the drawing, with a Leblanc tone hole network, one was Basic bore with a diameter of 14.80 mm selected between sections 8 and 26. The expansion between sections 8 and 3.5 was 15.35 mm and the diameter in the area between sections 3.5 and 0 was chosen as 14.95 mm, that is ₁₀₀ mm further than the basic bore. With these dimensions, a very good tuning of the duo decimates was achieved without the tones of the high register being too low.

If the bore in the middle of the clarinet is narrowed in relation to the upper part, namely by one or more cylindrical supports or a conical bore, as shown in FIG. 3, the expansion in the area between the sections 8 and 3.5 turn out lower. In the longitudinal bore shown in FIG. 3, the diameter at the lower end of the upper piece, ie at section 22, is 14.70 mm and is widened to section 8 to a diameter of 14.84 mm. The expansion in the area between the sections 8 and 3.5 is 15.40 mm, while the diameter in the area between the sections 3.5 and 0 and the diameter of the barrel are 14.80 mm. The cylindrical mouthpiece has a diameter of 15.25 mm. In this example, it is also possible to narrow the narrow area above the widening, that is to say the area between the section 3, 5 and the mouthpiece, to the size of the basic bore, namely to a diameter of 14.70 mm, as is shown with dashed lines Lines is shown. In this case, which is shown with dashed lines, it is advisable to widen the expansion in the area between the sections 8 and 3.5 again somewhat, so that this area has a diameter of 15.50 mm. A widening of the barrel towards the mouthpiece is recommended if the mouthpiece is drilled tighter than shown.

It is known to the person skilled in the art that there are mouthpiece paths which narrow the duodezimes and those which bring about an expansion of the duodezimes. For this reason, the bore of the mouthpiece with a course of the longitudinal bore according to FIG. 3 can be between 14.70 to about 15.25 mm, possibly more.

Figures 4 and 5 show that the extensions, which are designed as rugged shoulders, can not only be provided in a cylindrical longitudinal bore, but the extension designated 5 is provided within a conically widening longitudinal bore 6. Fig. 5 shows a possible embodiment, in which the extension 7 of the top piece is provided after a relatively large paragraph, so that the area designated 8 above the extension 7 is significantly wider than the area designated 9 below the extension, but is also here the basic principle of the invention is maintained, according to which the areas immediately following the expansion are narrower than the expansion itself.

FIG. 6 shows an enlargement 10, which widens conically in the direction of the barrel designated 11 and is provided between the sections 11 and 6, wherein at section 6 there is a steep narrowing to the diameter which is provided below the enlargement 10.

7 to 9 show cross-sectional representations of the upper part of A clarinets. In these clarinets, the basic bore, which extends from section 12.5 to section 24, is designated 12 and is cylindrical. The expansion according to the invention begins at section 12, 5, which is designated 13 in FIGS. 7 and 8 and 14 in FIG. 9. The extensions according to FIGS. 7 and 8 extend to Section 7.5 where there is a sharp narrowing.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 7, the widening 13 is followed by an area 15 which extends to section 1.5 and which has the same diameter as section 12. The area between section 1.5 and section 0 is very blatant and widened with a right-angled shoulder, which is followed by the barrel, not shown, with a smaller width. However, it is also possible to let the upper extension begin at section 2.5 and then expand it conically, as indicated by the dashed line 16. The width of the barrel depends on the expansion in the area between the section 2.5 and the section 0 and is the narrower the larger this expansion.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 8, the widening 13 after the narrowing at section 7.5 is followed by a conical widening 17 up to section 2, from which a very blatant widening is attached to the barrel, which is denoted by 18 and conical is executed.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 9, the widening 14 is widened conically between the section 12, 5 and the section 8 and is conically narrowed again from the section 8 to the section 3. From section 3 to section 0, the longitudinal bore has a section 19 which has the same diameter as the basic bore 12. The dashed line 20 indicates the possibility that a strongly conical widening can be provided up to the barrel from section 1.5.

Claims (17)

1. clarinet with different diameters or volumes of the different sections of the longitudinal bore, characterized in that when the clarinet is divided into equal lengths of 1 cm, the division beginning at the end of the upper part assigned to the barrel with 0, the longitudinal bore in the area between the 12th and 2nd section, but preferably between the 10th and 2nd section, at least in part of this area has an expansion in the form of an increase in diameter or other volume compared to the areas adjacent to this expanded area, which either under Maintaining the existing tone hole network with an increase in diameter of

to

mm or including any change in tone hole corresponds to an increase in volume of 300 to 3000 mm ³ compared to an imaginary, straight-line continuous through hole. 2. Clarinet according to claim 1, characterized in that the extension is preferably provided between section 8 and section 3.5. 3. Clarinet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the area of the longitudinal bore which is free from a volume expansion and is located between section 0 and a point between sections 2 and 6 is the region of the longitudinal bore same or one around

to

mm has a larger diameter than the basic bore. 4. Clarinet according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that with an enlarged diameter compared to the basic bore below the widening in the area located between section 0 and a point between sections 2 and 6, the widening is less than in the same range Areas on either side of the expansion. 5. Clarinet according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the barrel in the direction of the mouthpiece

to

mm, preferably

to

mm is flared. 6. Clarinet according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the mouthpiece has a cylindrical bore, the diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the basic bore. 7. clarinet according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the mouthpiece has a diameter which is about

to

mm, but preferably

to

mm is larger than the basic bore of the top piece. 8. Clarinet according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the barrel has essentially the same diameter as the area of the longitudinal bore which is free of volume expansion and is located between section 0 and a point between sections 2 and 6. 9. clarinet according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the area with volume increase adjoins immediately below the duodezimen sleeve. 10. clarinet with different diameters or volumes of the different sections of the longitudinal bore, characterized in that when the clarinet is divided into equally long sections of one centimeter, the division beginning at the end of the upper part assigned to the barrel with 0, the longitudinal bore in the region between the 14th and the 2nd section, at least in part of this area, an expansion in the form of an increase in diameter or other volume compared to the area adjacent to this expanded area. Has areas that either while maintaining the existing tone hole network a diameter increase of

to

mm or including any changes in the tone hole corresponds to an increase in volume of 300 to 3000 mm 3 compared to an imaginary, straight-line continuous through-hole. 11. Clarinet according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the extension is preferably provided between section 12.5 and section 7.5. 12. Clarinet according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that with an enlarged diameter compared to the basic bore below the extension in the area between the section 7.5 and a point located between the sections 0 and 4, the expansion is less than the same Areas on either side of the expansion. 13. Clarinet according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the barrel around

to

mm is expanded compared to the blind hole. 14. Clarinet according to one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that the area starting from a point between sections 4 and 1.0 to the barrel

to

mm is expanded. 15. Clarinet according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the longitudinal bore, starting from the point between the 26th and the 29th section up to the cone which widens towards the lintel, has a diameter increase of

mm per section. 16. Clarinet according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the tone holes of the lower part are offset by one to four millimeters in the direction of the lintels. 17. Clarinet according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the length of the barrel is matched to a basic mood of a '/ 440.

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