EP0027754A2 - Heat exchange unit using a refrigerating fluid provided with a defrosting system - Google Patents

Heat exchange unit using a refrigerating fluid provided with a defrosting system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0027754A2
EP0027754A2 EP80401395A EP80401395A EP0027754A2 EP 0027754 A2 EP0027754 A2 EP 0027754A2 EP 80401395 A EP80401395 A EP 80401395A EP 80401395 A EP80401395 A EP 80401395A EP 0027754 A2 EP0027754 A2 EP 0027754A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
evaporator
defrosting
compressor
refrigerant
heat exchange
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP80401395A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0027754A3 (en
Inventor
Jules Leveugle
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP0027754A2 publication Critical patent/EP0027754A2/en
Publication of EP0027754A3 publication Critical patent/EP0027754A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigerant heat exchange assembly.
  • a refrigerant heat exchange assembly or system such as a heat pump or a refrigerating machine usually comprises in a closed circuit a compressor which, sucking this refrigerant in gaseous form from an evaporator, compresses it, discharges it in a condenser where the fluid turns into liquid and gives up heat, then in said evaporator where said fluid, by relaxing, resumes its gaseous form, gives cold, and returns again to the compressor under the suction of the latter this to start another cycle.
  • frost constitutes a thermal resistance which impedes the heat exchange between the refrigerant in the evaporator and the external environment.
  • the present invention intended to avoid this drawback, provides improvements to known systems and makes it possible to produce an assembly in which the defrosting of the evaporator is carried out only with the compressor stopped and according to the principle of the cold wall by means refrigerant in gaseous form coming from a reservoir, and without forcing the condensed liquid to return to this reservoir.
  • a heat exchange assembly with refrigerant applicable to a heat pump or a refrigerating machine produced according to the invention, and having in a closed circuit, successively a compressor, a condenser, a collecting tank for refrigerant, a pressure reducer, an evaporator, an anti-blow bottle includes, in this refrigeration circuit, a defrosting system allowing defrosting of its evaporator by stopping its motorbike compressor by admission into this evaporator of the gaseous refrigerant coming from its collecting tank, by maintaining in this evaporator of the refrigerant admitted during the defrosting, and restarting for normal operation at the end of defrosting by stopping the current of gaseous refrigerant coming from this collecting tank and by starting his compressor motor.
  • the defrosting operation is carried out as follows: the compressor 1 is stopped; the valve 8 is open which puts the high pressure part in communication with the low pressure part of the circuit.
  • the liquid contained in the reservoir 3 then begins to boil under the effect of the vacuum and emits vapors which come to condense in the tubes of the evaporator 5 by giving them heat. This heat melts the frost that surrounds these evaporator tubes.
  • tap 8 is closed and the compressor 1 is restarted.
  • the liquid present in the evaporator 5 is then gradually eliminated, either by evaporation, or by entrainment under the effect of the current of the gaseous fluid.
  • the liquid thus entrained is retained in the anti-blow bottle 6 which avoids any damage to the compressor 1.
  • the assembly then gradually returns to its normal operating mode.
  • the interior volume of the evaporator 5, the volume of the reservoir 3, the volume of the anti-cut liquid bottle 6 and the quantity of refrigerant are determined, mutually, in a manner usual to obtain a complete defrosting of this evaporator 5 for selected durations of normal operation of the system and defrosting of its evaporator.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Defrosting Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Heat exchange unit comprising a compressor, a condenser, a pressure reducer, an evaporator and an anti-shock bottle. The unit comprises a collector tank (3) mounted between the condenser (2) and the pressure reducer (4), and a pipe (7) mounted between the high point of the collector tank (3) and the outlet of the evaporator (5) and carrying a so-called defrosting valve (8). In its application the unit is in the form of a heat pump or refrigerating machine. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un ensemble d'échange thermique à fluide frigorigène.The present invention relates to a refrigerant heat exchange assembly.

Un ensemble ou système d'échange thermique à fluide frigorigène tel qu'une pompe à chaleur ou une machine frigorifique comprend habituellement dans un circuit fermé un compresseur qui, aspirant ce fluide frigorigène sous forme gazeuse venant d'un évaporateur, le comprime, le refoule dans un condenseur où le fluide se transforme en liquide et cède de la chaleur, puis dans ledit évaporateur où ledit fluide, en se détendant, reprend sa forme gazeuse, donne du froid, et retourne de nouveau au compresseur sous l'aspiration de celui-ci pour recommencer un autre cycle.A refrigerant heat exchange assembly or system such as a heat pump or a refrigerating machine usually comprises in a closed circuit a compressor which, sucking this refrigerant in gaseous form from an evaporator, compresses it, discharges it in a condenser where the fluid turns into liquid and gives up heat, then in said evaporator where said fluid, by relaxing, resumes its gaseous form, gives cold, and returns again to the compressor under the suction of the latter this to start another cycle.

En raison de sa basse température, l'évaporateur du système provoque fréquemment une condensation de l'humidité sur sa surface. L'humidité condensée se transforme en givre. Le givre accumulé constitue une résistance thermique qui contrarie l'échange thermique entre le fluide frigorigène dans l'évaporateur et l'ambiance extérieure.Due to its low temperature, the system evaporator frequently causes moisture to condense on its surface. The condensed moisture turns into frost. The accumulated frost constitutes a thermal resistance which impedes the heat exchange between the refrigerant in the evaporator and the external environment.

On a proposé divers procédés pour faire fondre périodiquement le givre, soit en provoquant un réchauffage de l'évaporateur au moyen de résistances électriques soit en utilisant de l'air chaud pulsé sur celui-ci. Ces procédés ont l'inconvénient de nécessiter un apport d'énergie dont on ne récupère aucune contrepartie.Various methods have been proposed for periodically melting the frost, either by causing the evaporator to heat up by means of electrical resistors or by using hot air pulsed thereon. These methods have the disadvantage of requiring an energy supply from which no counterpart is recovered.

Pour éviter cet inconvénient, on a proposé de faire circuler périodiquement du fluide frigorigène chaud, prélevé à la sortie du compresseur. Ce procédé a l'inconvénient de consommer de l'énergie.To avoid this drawback, it has been proposed to periodically circulate hot refrigerant, taken at the outlet of the compressor. This process has the disadvantage of consuming energy.

On a encore proposé de renverser pour le temps du dégivrage, les rôles respectifs de l'évaporateur et du condenseur. Outre qu'il consomme de l'énergie, ce procédé a l'inconvénient de requérir l'utilisation d'un dispositif inverseur de flux qui peut tomber en panne et entrainer des fuites.It has also been proposed to reverse, for the time of defrosting, the respective roles of the evaporator and the condenser. In addition to consuming energy, this process has the disadvantage of requiring the use of a flow reversing device which can break down and cause leaks.

On a également proposé dans le brevet français enregistré sous le N° 76/22921, un système dans lequel le dégivrage de l'évaporateur se fait suivant un double procédé qui consiste d'unepart à envoyer du fluide frigorigène liquide du réservoir dans l'évaporateur à travers un robinet de dérivation monté en parallèle avec le détendeur, et d'autre part à mettre en communication le sommet d'un réservoir de liquide, placé en aval du condenseur et en amont du détendeur, avec la sortie de l'évaporateur du système. Dans un dégivrage selon ce deuxième procédé, le compresseur ayant été arrêté préalablement, les vapeurs chaudes émises par le liquide contenu dans le réservoir vont se condenser dans l'évaporateur selon le principe de la paroi froide apportant ainsi la chaleur suffisante pour faire fondre le givre. Le liquide ainsi formé fait retour au réservoir à travers le robinet de dérivation contournant le détendeur. Ce robinet de dérivation est ouvert pendant le processus de dégivrage et fermé pendant le fonctionnement normal du système ou de l'ensemble.We have also proposed in the French patent registered under N ° 76/22921, a system in which the defrosting of the evaporator is done according to a double process which consists of starting to send liquid refrigerant from the tank to the evaporator through a bypass valve mounted in parallel with the regulator, and on the other hand to put in communication the top of a liquid tank, placed downstream of the condenser and upstream of the regulator, with the outlet of the evaporator of the system. In a defrost according to this second process, the compressor having been stopped beforehand, the hot vapors emitted by the liquid contained in the tank will condense in the evaporator according to the principle of the cold wall thus bringing sufficient heat to melt the frost . The liquid thus formed returns to the reservoir through the bypass valve bypassing the regulator. This bypass valve is open during the defrosting process and closed during normal operation of the system or assembly.

Ce procédé a l'inconvénient d'obliger à placer un robinet de dérivation contournant le détendeur, robinet qui peut avoir des fuites ou des pannes ensuite à disposer l'évaporateur audessus du réservoir de liquide pour que l'écoulement du liquide dans le réservoir se fasse simplement par gravité, et enfin pour que cet écoulement de retour du liquide soit raisonnablement rapide, de disposer entre les entrées normales de l'évaporateur et ce robinet de dérivation des conduits plus gros qu'il n'est en général nécessaire de prévoir pour le fonctionnement normal du système.This process has the disadvantage of requiring the placement of a bypass valve bypassing the regulator, valve which may have leaks or breakdowns, then having the evaporator above the liquid tank so that the flow of liquid in the tank is simply by gravity, and finally for this return flow of the liquid to be reasonably rapid, to arrange between the normal inlets of the evaporator and this bypass valve larger conduits than it is generally necessary to provide for normal system operation.

La présente invention, ayant pour but d'éviter cet inconvénient, apporte des perfectionnements aux systèmes connus et permet de réaliser un ensemble dans lequel le dégivrage de l'évaporateur s'effectue uniquement à compresseur arrêté et selon le principe de la paroi froide au moyen du fluide frigorifique sous forme gazeuse venant d'un réservoir, et sans obliger le liquide condensé de retourner à ce réservoir.The present invention, intended to avoid this drawback, provides improvements to known systems and makes it possible to produce an assembly in which the defrosting of the evaporator is carried out only with the compressor stopped and according to the principle of the cold wall by means refrigerant in gaseous form coming from a reservoir, and without forcing the condensed liquid to return to this reservoir.

Un ensemble d'échange thermique, à fluide frigorigène applicable à une pompe à chaleur ou une machine frigorifique réalisé selon l'invention, et ayant dans un circuit fermé, successivement un compresseur, un condenseur, un réservoir collecteur pour fluide frigorigène un détendeur, un évaporateur, une bouteille anticoup comprend, dans ce circuit frigorifique, un système de dégivrage permettant de réaliser un dégivrage de son évaporateur par l'arrêt de son moto compresseur par admission dans cet évaporateur du fluide frigorigène gazeux venant de son réservoir collecteur, par maintien dans cet évaporateur du fluide frigorigène admis durant le dégivrage, et de redémarrer pour un fonctionnement normal en fin de dégivrage par arrêt du courant de fluide frigorigène gazeux venant de ce réservoir collecteur et par mise en marche de son moto compresseur.A heat exchange assembly, with refrigerant applicable to a heat pump or a refrigerating machine produced according to the invention, and having in a closed circuit, successively a compressor, a condenser, a collecting tank for refrigerant, a pressure reducer, an evaporator, an anti-blow bottle includes, in this refrigeration circuit, a defrosting system allowing defrosting of its evaporator by stopping its motorbike compressor by admission into this evaporator of the gaseous refrigerant coming from its collecting tank, by maintaining in this evaporator of the refrigerant admitted during the defrosting, and restarting for normal operation at the end of defrosting by stopping the current of gaseous refrigerant coming from this collecting tank and by starting his compressor motor.

Pour mieux faire comprendre l'invention, on décrit ci-après un exemple de réalisation, illustré par un dessin unique ci-annexé.To better understand the invention, an embodiment is described below, illustrated by a single drawing attached.

Un ensemble d'échange thermique à fluide frigorigène conforme à l'invention, illustré dans la figure unique, comprend en un circuit fermé :

  • - un compresseur 1
  • - un condenseur 2
  • - un réservoir collecteur 3
  • - un détendeur 4t
  • - un évaporateur 5
  • - une bouteille anticoup 6

et en outre une conduite de dégivrage 7 reliant le point haut du réservoir 3 à la sortie de l'évaporateur 5, en amont de la bouteille anticoup 6. La conduite 7 est munie d'un robinet de dégivrage 8.A refrigerant heat exchange assembly in accordance with the invention, illustrated in the single figure, comprises in a closed circuit:
  • - a compressor 1
  • - a condenser 2
  • - a collecting tank 3
  • - a 4t regulator
  • - an evaporator 5
  • - an anti-blow bottle 6

and furthermore a defrosting pipe 7 connecting the high point of the tank 3 to the outlet of the evaporator 5, upstream of the anti-blow bottle 6. The pipe 7 is provided with a defrosting valve 8.

Dans un tel ensemble, l'opération de dégivrage est conduite de la manière suivante : le compresseur 1 est arrêté ; le robinet 8 est ouvert ce qui met en communication la partie haute pression avec la partie basse pression du circuit. Le liquide contenu dans le réservoir 3 se met alors à bouillir sous l'effet de la dépression et émet des vapeurs qui viennent se condenser dans les tubes de l'évaporateur 5 en leur cédant de la chaleur. Cette chaleur fait fondre le givre qui entoure ces tubes de l'évaporateur.In such an assembly, the defrosting operation is carried out as follows: the compressor 1 is stopped; the valve 8 is open which puts the high pressure part in communication with the low pressure part of the circuit. The liquid contained in the reservoir 3 then begins to boil under the effect of the vacuum and emits vapors which come to condense in the tubes of the evaporator 5 by giving them heat. This heat melts the frost that surrounds these evaporator tubes.

Quand le dégivrage est terminé, le robinet 8 est fermé et le compresseur 1 est remis en route. Le liquide présent dans l'évaporateur 5 est alors progressivement éliminé, soit par'évaporation, soit par entraînement sous l'effet du courant du fluide gazeux. Le liquide ainsi entraîné est retenu dans la bouteille anticoup 6 ce qui évite tout dommage pour le compresseur 1. L'ensemble revient alors progressivement à son fonctionnement normal de régime.When defrosting is finished, tap 8 is closed and the compressor 1 is restarted. The liquid present in the evaporator 5 is then gradually eliminated, either by evaporation, or by entrainment under the effect of the current of the gaseous fluid. The liquid thus entrained is retained in the anti-blow bottle 6 which avoids any damage to the compressor 1. The assembly then gradually returns to its normal operating mode.

Il est entendu que dans l'ensemble ainsi décrit, le volume intérieur de l'évaporateur 5, le volume du réservoir 3, le volume de la bouteille anticoup de liquide 6 et la quantité de liquide frigorigène sont déterminés, mutuellement, d'une manière habituelle pour obtenir un dégivrage complet de cet évaporateur 5 pour des durées choisies de fonctionnement normal du système et de dégivrage de son évaporateur.It is understood that in the assembly thus described, the interior volume of the evaporator 5, the volume of the reservoir 3, the volume of the anti-cut liquid bottle 6 and the quantity of refrigerant are determined, mutually, in a manner usual to obtain a complete defrosting of this evaporator 5 for selected durations of normal operation of the system and defrosting of its evaporator.

Claims (2)

1. Ensemble d'échange thermique à fluide frigorigène ayant dans un circuit fermé successivement un compresseur, un condenseur, un réservoir collecteur pour fluide frigorigène un détendeur, un évaporateur, une bouteille anticoup, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend dans son circuit frigorifique un système de dégivrage permettant de réaliser un dégivrage de son évaporateur (5) par arrêt de son motocompresseur (1), par admission dans cet évaporateur (5) du fluide frigorigène gazeux venant de son réservoir collecteur (3), par maintien dans cet évaporateur (5) du fluide frigorigène admis durant le dégivrage, et de redémarrer pour un fonctionnement normal en fin de dégivrage, par arrêt du courant de fluide frigorigène gazeux venant de ce réservoir collecteur (3) et par mise en marche de son moto compresseur (1).1. Refrigerant heat exchange assembly having in a closed circuit successively a compressor, a condenser, a collecting tank for refrigerant, a pressure reducer, an evaporator, an anti-blow bottle, characterized in that it comprises in its refrigeration circuit a defrosting system allowing defrosting of its evaporator (5) by stopping its motor-compressor (1), by admission into this evaporator (5) of the gaseous refrigerant coming from its collecting tank (3), by holding in this evaporator ( 5) of the refrigerant admitted during defrosting, and to restart for normal operation at the end of defrosting, by stopping the flow of gaseous refrigerant coming from this collecting tank (3) and by starting up its compressor motor (1) . 2. Ensemble selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend comme système de dégivrage dans son circuit frigorifique fermé, une conduite (7) munie d'un robinet de dégivrage (8), montée entre le point haut de son réservoir collecteur (3) et la sortie de son évaporateur (5) en amont de sa bouteille anticoup (6).2. Assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises as defrosting system in its closed refrigeration circuit, a pipe (7) provided with a defrosting valve (8), mounted between the high point of its collecting tank (3) and the outlet of its evaporator (5) upstream of its anti-blow bottle (6).
EP80401395A 1979-10-19 1980-10-02 Heat exchange unit using a refrigerating fluid provided with a defrosting system Withdrawn EP0027754A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7926047A FR2468087A1 (en) 1979-10-19 1979-10-19 THERMAL EXCHANGE ASSEMBLY WITH REFRIGERANT FLUID, WITH DEFROSTING SYSTEM
FR7926047 1979-10-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0027754A2 true EP0027754A2 (en) 1981-04-29
EP0027754A3 EP0027754A3 (en) 1981-12-16

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ID=9230855

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80401395A Withdrawn EP0027754A3 (en) 1979-10-19 1980-10-02 Heat exchange unit using a refrigerating fluid provided with a defrosting system

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0027754A3 (en)
DK (1) DK442180A (en)
FR (1) FR2468087A1 (en)
NO (1) NO803119L (en)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1017516A (en) * 1950-03-07 1952-12-11 Combined cold room and oven
US3343375A (en) * 1965-06-23 1967-09-26 Lester K Quick Latent heat refrigeration defrosting system
US3427819A (en) * 1966-12-22 1969-02-18 Pet Inc High side defrost and head pressure controls for refrigeration systems
FR1571875A (en) * 1967-07-07 1969-06-20
FR2000797A1 (en) * 1968-01-26 1969-09-12 Bodcher Vilhelm
US3645109A (en) * 1970-03-16 1972-02-29 Lester K Quick Refrigeration system with hot gas defrosting
US3844131A (en) * 1973-05-22 1974-10-29 Dunham Bush Inc Refrigeration system with head pressure control
FR2360053A1 (en) * 1976-07-28 1978-02-24 Leveugle Jules Heat exchange system with refrigerating medium - has collector vessel for defrosting evaporator between condenser and expander

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE747099C (en) * 1937-12-04 1944-09-08 Ahlborn E Ag Process and device for defrosting the air cooler of refrigeration systems
US2713249A (en) * 1953-04-13 1955-07-19 Fred J Schordine Liquid defrosting system and the like
US3677025A (en) * 1971-01-13 1972-07-18 Borg Warner Defrosting arrangement and method for a refrigeration system

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1017516A (en) * 1950-03-07 1952-12-11 Combined cold room and oven
US3343375A (en) * 1965-06-23 1967-09-26 Lester K Quick Latent heat refrigeration defrosting system
US3427819A (en) * 1966-12-22 1969-02-18 Pet Inc High side defrost and head pressure controls for refrigeration systems
FR1571875A (en) * 1967-07-07 1969-06-20
FR2000797A1 (en) * 1968-01-26 1969-09-12 Bodcher Vilhelm
US3645109A (en) * 1970-03-16 1972-02-29 Lester K Quick Refrigeration system with hot gas defrosting
US3844131A (en) * 1973-05-22 1974-10-29 Dunham Bush Inc Refrigeration system with head pressure control
FR2360053A1 (en) * 1976-07-28 1978-02-24 Leveugle Jules Heat exchange system with refrigerating medium - has collector vessel for defrosting evaporator between condenser and expander

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2468087B1 (en) 1983-08-19
NO803119L (en) 1981-04-21
FR2468087A1 (en) 1981-04-30
DK442180A (en) 1981-04-20
EP0027754A3 (en) 1981-12-16

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