EP0026719A1 - Electrical stop device for wing driving mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical device for stopping the drive mechanism of a leaf controlled by a reversing contactor 23 using a detector 7 formed of a conductor placed on the edge 6 of the leaf 4 and inserted at the output of an oscillator 16 to form an oscillating stage of high sensitivity placed at the head of a servo circuit 15 further comprising a detection stage 17 and a control stage 18 which cause the opening of a contact K to cut the motor control at least when the leaf is closed, and finally, an auxiliary circuit A which temporarily neutralizes the detection when it is energized. This device prevents a premature action of the detector preventing the complete closing of the leaf. It finds its use particularly on the closing mechanisms of the glazing of motor vehicles.

Description

The subject of the invention is a device for stopping a mechanism driving a member such as a door leaf, window or sliding roof and in particular a device intended to make it possible to shut down the motors which drive the windows of a motor vehicle.

A wide variety of safeguards have been provided for such mechanisms. This is how patent publication DE AS 12 10690 describes a device for shutting off the drive motor of a window sash: in the event of an overload, a safety relay establishes a connection between the power supplies of the power relays controlling one and the other of the directions of rotation of the motor, so as to excite the two relays to stop this motor independently of the position of the contacts of its manual control.

This device eliminates the need for limit switches; on the other hand, it must also stop the engine when the user, by carelessness, leaves his hand on the edge of the glazing.

The criterion used to stop the motor is the increase in torque which occurs in the event of an overload and leads to an increase in the current draw of the motor. It therefore stops only when it supports excessive effort, which creates a significant risk of injury to the part of the body that is caught.

Other devices make it possible to limit the closing force of a leaf and more precisely to limit it to a value significantly lower than the force available in the direction of opening. Patent publication DE AS 15 30992 describes an electrical solution: in this case, a third brush lowers the torque characteristic of the mo speed as a function of the movement in the closing direction of the leaf.

However, we cannot go very far in this direction because the motor must remain capable of closing the window for sure, despite the parasitic friction which appears over time, and this solution also requires a motor of a special type. .

Mechanical devices limiting the torque of the drive motor of a window are also shown in the patent publications DE OS 18 01339, DE OS 19 31169, and DE OS 20 28195.

According to application DE OS 19 31169, the friction clutch can be locked by a dog clutch engaged by means of an additional hand switch.

According to its addition OF OS 20 28195, the dog clutch takes place automatically when operating in the direction of opening the window.

With regard to devices fitted with external detectors, safety pedals are well known, for example fitted to elevator doors. In this regard, the patent publication DE AS 21 63746 indicates that the possible use of a pair of strips closing a contact when acting on them is not without drawbacks because such strips can deform under the effect an effort which compromises their proper functioning, and to avoid them, it provides inside the rubber seals a cable which makes it possible to act on a contactor, a relatively expensive and fragile device which cannot find its place on motor vehicle windows.

Patent publication DE OS 15 80284 also envisages fitting light barriers to the doors of vehicles with automatic closing, but it should be noted that the operating requirements of such doors differ significantly from those of the sliding windows of vehicles.

This is why the publication of patent US Pat. compared to the value we would like to give it.

According to this publication, the edge of the leaf, at least on the part which, in the open position appears bare inside the frame, is provided with a detector formed of an electrical conductor wire connected to a circuit electronic servo placed downstream of a manual control reversing contactor and which, when closing, reverses in turn supplying the motor as soon as a foreign conductive body comes into contact with it or approaches it sufficiently to modify its capacity.

As a result, a simple electrical contact with a foreign body or part of the human body on this edge of the leaf along the opening, and which would be likely to cause damage or injury, immediately opens the window.

In the context of the implementation described _J the detector is inserted at the output of an oscillator stage preceding a detection stage and an all or nothing control stage. When coming into contact with a foreign body, the detector dampens the oscillations of the oscillator. The detection stage detects the attenuation of the signal and reverses a contact via the all or nothing control stage.

We therefore reconcile efficient closing and high safety against closing accidents.

Unfortunately, this solution has a serious defect if the sensitivity of the device is sufficient to cause the operation not only when the body comes into direct contact with the contactor but also, for example, when a piece of clothing is interposed so that the triggering of the safety is due only to the capacitive action. Indeed, at the moment when the edge of the glazing approaches the closing zone, the presence of the metal frame of the bodywork or of the window frame is detected a little before the complete closing has cut the power supply to the motor. and it triggers the reopening. As a result, if the sensitivity is high, the circuit does not allow the window to be closed.

The main object of the invention is to avoid this drawback. To this end, it uses a similar circuit but where the oscillating stage is a stage of high sensitivity of which at least during the closing, the damping causes the opening of a contact which cuts the control of the motor, and where a auxiliary circuit temporarily deactivates the detector when it is energized. Thanks to the circuit according to the invention, it becomes possible, by a new closing order using the contactor, to complete the closing of the window if the detector placed on the edge of the window prematurely cut the power supply to the motor. when this edge approached the metal frame, or even, thanks to an approach signal, to cause the automatic crossing of the incomplete closed position in question. The opening of the window is made possible by the fact that the detection is neutralized at least at the start of the race, when the position of the manual control switch is reversed.

Advantageously, the auxiliary circuit according to the invention is a tilting circuit which passes from its first state to the second for a short time when its input is energized, then neutralizing the detection stage of the main circuit; this short duration may be, for example, of the order of 0.5 seconds.

Also advantageously, this tilting circuit will be subordinated to an approach contact which will put it out of service in the intermediate positions of the leaf, thus restoring the immediate functioning of the safety. If necessary, the servo circuit can be supplied symmetrically, thus operating on opening and closing subject to its neutralization in the extreme zones.

The invention, which is of particular interest when leaves are used without framing and in particular on light windows such as windows of motor vehicles, can however be applied to the fencing of bays such as French windows or one or more sliding leaves and ensures, under the same conditions, the safety of manually operated or automatically closing devices such as elevator doors.

• Fig. 1 : une représentation schématique d'une porte de voiture,
• Fig. 2 : un schéma par blocs du circuit d'asservissement,
• Fig. 3 : un schéma électrique du circuit représenté figure 2,
• Fig. 4 : un plan de raccordement du circuit de la figure 3,
• Fig. 5 : le circuit auxiliaire incorporé dans le circuit d'asservissement
• Fig. 6 : un plan de raccordement du circuit d'asservissement muni de circuit auxiliaire de la figure 5.

A more detailed explanation and other advantageous features of the invention appear from the following description of an example of its implementation. The drawings show:

• Fig. 1: a schematic representation of a car door,
• Fig. 2: a block diagram of the servo circuit,
• Fig. 3: an electrical diagram of the circuit shown in FIG. 2,
• Fig. 4: a connection plane of the circuit of FIG. 3,
• Fig. 5: the auxiliary circuit incorporated in the servo circuit
• Fig. 6: a connection plan of the servo circuit provided with an auxiliary circuit in FIG. 5.

A motor vehicle door 1 comprises a window frame 2 mounted on a box 3, inside of which there are slides, not shown, which carry the window 4.

To drive the window 4, the box 3 contains a motor 5 connected to the lower edge of the latter by means of a connecting rod not shown.

The edge 6 capable of coming to the inside of the frame in some position of the glass is coated with a detector 7 formed of a conduc- : electric eur.

It is, for example, a wire or a strip glued to the edge of the glazing 4 or else a metallic coating placed on its edge; advantageously use a conductive frit such as a silver frit, printed and then baked during the tempering process of the glazing. In the representation shown in FIG. 1, this detector extends from location 8 to location 9; in fact, here, it covers the edge of the glass over the entire distance between location 8 and location 10.

Location 8 is external to the guide post so that there is no contact between it and the detector 7. If the latter extends to the location of one of the slides supporting the glass 4, it is necessary to isolate this slide. Finally, where the window 4 enters the box 3 there are rubber sealing profiles; these are not in contact with the detector 7 which is only deposited on the edge of the glass.

On the lower edge 11 of the window 4 the detector 7 is connected to the central conductor, or core 12, of a coaxial cable 13 whose sheath 14 is not connected at this location.

The coaxial cable 13.is connected to a servo circuit 15 inserted in the motor supply circuit 5.

The circuit 15 is represented by blocks in FIG. 2. It has an oscillator stage 16 to which the outputs of the detector 7 or, if preferred, coaxial cable 13, are connected, and a detection stage 17.

The oscillator 16 supplies the detector 7 with a frequency of the order of MHz, for example with 200 kHz.

The detector 7 thus works as an antenna and the oscillator 16 is mounted in such a way that when a foreign body comes into contact with it, the amplitude of the transmitted signal is attenuated. The attenuation occurs not only when the body in question is truly conductive but also when its conductivity, quite reduced in itself, however constitutes a mass of sufficient capacity to dampen the oscillations of the circuit. The attenuation of the signal from the oscillator is perceived by the detection stage 17 which then supplies an all or nothing signal to a control stage 18, which in this case cuts the power supply to the motor 5.

Between the detection stage 17 and the control stage 18, there is, if necessary, a power amplifier stage 19.

In the implementation shown in Figure 3, the oscillator 16 consists of two inverters JI, J2 connected in series, the output of the inverter J2 being looped over the input of the inverter J1 via a capacitor CI. A resistor R1 is inserted between the input of the inverter J2, that is to say the output of the inverter J1 and the capacitor C1. The resistor RI and the capacitor C1 determine the oscillation frequency.

The output of the oscillator 16 is connected on the one hand to the core 12 of the coaxial cable, therefore to the detector 7 by the coupling capacitor C2, on the other hand to an impedance adapter OP by the coupling capacitor C3. A voltage divider made up of resistors R2 and R3 determines the working point of the amplifier OP; the latter is coupled to a frequency compensator circuit which includes in series the resistor R4 and the capacitor C4.

The output of the amplifier OP is connected via a coupling capacitor C5 to the sheath 14 of the coaxial cable 13 so that the two con _- ducers 12 and 14 are driven in phase by two signals of the same frequency. The capacity of the coaxial cable 13 is thus compensated because there is never at any point of the latter a potential difference between its core 12 and its sheath 14, which allows the cable length to be adapted without other precautions from door 1.

Another advantage of this compensation is that, when the window 4 is moved, the connection cable moves in the box 3, which would have a very difficult influence on signal damping if it were not for not a coaxial cable.

The output of the oscillator connected to the core 12 therefore to the detector 7 is of high impedance; towards the sheath 14 due to the presence of the amplifier OP, it is on the contrary of low impedance. As a result, the detector 7 is sensitive to damping.

The core 12 and with it the output of the oscillator 16 are connected by a coupling capacitor C6 to the detection stage 17, formed of two inverters J3 and J4, of which a resistor R5 fixes the working point. Between the two inverters J3 and J4 is a rectifier diode D1. In addition, the input of the inverter J4 has a resistor R6 and a capacitor C7 in bypass.

As long as there is a contact on the detector and that, consequently, the oscillations are damped, a logic signal is present at the input of the inverter J3 via the resistor R5.

There is therefore at its output a logic signal Ø. This signal, rectified by the diode D1, lowers the charge of the capacitor C7 charged beforehand via the resistor R6, so that there is also created at the input of the inverter J4 a logic signal 0 therefore at its output a signal logic 1.

The inverter stages J1 to J4 can belong to a single integrated circuit such as the IC HCF 4069 circuit from SIGNETICS.

The elements described so far may consist of circuits in CMOS technique so as to withstand large variations in supply voltage, which is useful for connection to the supply circuit of a motor vehicle, since in any case it there is no high power. For this reason, a charge adapter stage 19 is provided, consisting for example of an integrated circuit in TTL technique. It includes two inverters J5 and J6 which may belong to a commercial integrated circuit of the SN 75 491 type.

Resistors R7 and R8 regulate the working points of the reversers J5 and J6.

The output of the inverter J6 is connected by a resistor R9 to the base of a DARLINGTON amplifier formed by two transistors T1 and T2.

In series on the collector-emitter circuit of transistor T2 is placed, in parallel with a short-circuit protection diode D2, the winding W of a relay provided with a contact K open when the winding W is supplied.

The damping circuit described is connected by a blocking diode D3 to the pole 20 of the vehicle supply network and by a diode D4 to the pole 21 of this network. The relay contact K connects the pole 20 to the terminal 22 of the motor 5.

When the circuit is energized and if the oscillator signal is attenuated, the transistors T1 and T2 are made conductive by the logic signal 1 which comes out of the power amplifier 19 so that the relay contact K, open by winding W, cut the motor 5.

A filter capacitor C8 is placed between the diodes D3 and D4 to eliminate the parasitic voltages.

The servo circuit cannot itself generate parasites around the detector 7 because the emission voltage of the antenna formed by the latter is much lower than the disturbing voltages generated by the engine of the vehicle in which the device is incorporated and the latter is only in service when the con engine ignition tact is on.

FIG. 4 represents the electrical connection of the motor 5 via the servo circuit 15 and of a window control switch 23 of the current type equipped with a control button 24 connected to the positive pole 25 and to the negative pole 26 of the on-board network. The contactor 23 has two change-over contacts 23 'and 23 ". In the position shown in FIG. 4, these two contacts are placed so that the motor 5 raises the window 4.

As soon as the detector 7 is in contact with a foreign body, the contact K opens so that the motor 5 stops and the closing of the window is interrupted as a last limit, the contact K opens when the window 4 arriving in the closed position, the detector is influenced by the frame 2.

To open the window, the contactor button 24 is pressed so as to reverse the two contacts 23 'and 23 ", connecting the first to the negative pole 26 and the second to the positive pole 25. A negative potential then appears on pole 20 of the circuit 15 which blocks the diode D3 Likewise the positive potential appeared on the pole 21 blocks the diode D4 The control circuit 15 is therefore no longer supplied so that the oscillator 16 ceases to operate and the detector 7 is neutralized. The relay contact K therefore closes, and the motor 5, the supply of which, between the contacts 23 'and 23 ", is reversed, causes the window 4 to descend.

During the opening of the window, it is not necessary to provide on the motor supply a safety stop independent of the contactor 23 because the operation does not present any danger.

When the window 4 is closed, the existence of the diode D4. Whose conductivity threshold is of the order of 0.7 V, means that the potential present at the pole - of the servo circuit 15 while in service is brought to around 0.7 V. Thus, when, in wet weather, the presence of water creates a conductive bridge between the detector 7 and the window frame 2, in particular along the rubber seal, this driver bridge does not cut off the power supply to the motor 5 in a lasting manner.

In fact, it is desirable to give the detector a high sensitivity, but under these conditions, when the operator seeks to obtain a complete closure, the security tends to stop the motor prematurely before the final position, giving a perfect seal is not reached.

FIG. 3 finally shows the auxiliary circuit A according to the invention and which makes it possible to avoid this drawback.

The auxiliary circuit, which is practically in parallel with the filtering capacitor C8, is shown in FIG. 5. It is a tilting circuit controlled by a monostable rocker KS, for example in the form of an integrated circuit NE555, sold as the integrated circuit SN 75 491 by the firm TEXAS INSTRUMENTS.

The control input of the flip-flop KS is mounted in bypass on a resistor R10 and a capacitor C9 connected to the input terminal 27. As soon as the voltage appears on the auxiliary circuit A, a voltage is established in the branch C9 -R10. A start pulse is thus transmitted to the KS flip-flop when the control switch 23 closes.

This starting pulse switches the output of the flip-flop KS, to which is connected, by means of a resistor R15, the base of a transistor T3 which is thus made conductive. The transistor T3 is connected via a resistor R16 to the input resistor 9 of the base of the transistor T1. The DARLINGTON amplifier consisting of the transistors T1 and T2 is therefore blocked independently of whether the detector 7 dampens the oscillations of the oscillator 16 or not, so that the winding W cannot open the contact K.

The duration during which the flip-flop KS makes the transistor T3 conductive and therefore neutralizes the detector 7 is fixed by the connection of this flip-flop to the circuit consisting of the capacitor C10 and the resistor R13. These last two members are dimensioned so that the blocking time is of the order of 0.5 s for example. Resistors R12 and R14 provide the necessary initial supply voltage.

In parallel with the resistor R10 is mounted in series a diode D7 and a resistor RII, the latter clearly weaker than the resistor R10. The circuit D7-R11 discharges the capacitor C9 as soon as the circuit is no longer supplied.

• A partir de la position de fermeture imparfaite éventuelle sous l'action du détecteur 7, si l'on appuie à nouveau dans le sens de la fermeture sur le bouton de commande 24, la batterie met sous tension le circuit d'asservissement 15. Bien que, dans cette position, le signal de l'oscillateur se trouve amorti par la proximité du cadre, le moteur 5 démarre car, au même moment, la mise sous tension de la bascule KS sur la borne 27 bloque l'amplificateur DARLINGTON à travers le transistor T3.

The operation of the circuit according to the invention is as follows:

• From the possible imperfect closing position under the action of the detector 7, if the control button 24 is pressed again in the closing direction, the battery energizes the servo circuit 15. Good that, in this position, the oscillator signal is damped by the proximity of the frame, the motor 5 starts because, at the same time, the energization of the flip-flop KS on terminal 27 blocks the amplifier DARLINGTON through the transistor T3.

The time during which the KS rocker keeps the DARLINGTON amplifier blocked, 0.5 s for example, is fixed in such a way as to allow the window 4 to reach without any doubt until its closed position.

At the end of this period, the oscillator comes into action so that the proximity of the frame and the detector 7 stops the motor 5.

However, as soon as the window is in an intermediate closed position and no longer in the immediate vicinity of the end of travel, the temporary deactivation of the safety by the KS lever is unnecessary. On the contrary, if there is between the window 4 and the upper part of the frame 2 a narrow but sufficient slit to allow a part of the body to slide, a finger for example, this neutralization creates a risk, at least in theory, because , while it is exercising, the glass moves enough to be able to cause painful pinching. This risk can be eliminated by subordinating the operation of the KS flip-flop to an approach switch controlled by the window 4 and which only provides an authorization in the immediate vicinity of the fully closed zone. This contactor can comprise for example (see FIG. 6) a contact 29 connecting the terminal 28 for resetting the rocker to zero to the vehicle mass or to the pole 26, this contact closing as soon as the window is outside the area of immediate proximity to the frame. The reset terminal 28 of the KS flip-flop is then supplied, and the latter no longer provides a neutralization signal when the control button 24 is pressed so that the servo circuit remains capable of responding immediately.

Alternatively, one can also place, on the contrary, on the main terminal 27 of the flip-flop a contact which closes at the immediate approach of full closure, thus automatically causing the operation of the KS flip-flop and the temporary neutralization of the detection , which allows the window 4 to be directly driven beyond the point which causes the detector 7 to operate, for the time necessary for it to reach its fully closed position.

We may sometimes wish to give the device a symmetrical operation and have, at the location that the detector 7 reaches at the end of opening of the window 4, a contact 30 such as a grounded blade, that the detector then comes touch as shown Figure 6, in which the window 4 is shown in this position.

It is then necessary to supply the servo circuit both when opening and when closing the window; the most convenient is to leave it downstream of the change-over contacts of contactor 24 and to supply it with a rectifier. It is therefore necessary to add to the diodes D3 and D4 two diodes D5 and D6 mounted in opposite directions as can be seen in dotted lines in the figures.

When the window is closed, the diodes D5 and D6 are blocked and the operation of the circuit is identical to that which has been described above. On the contrary, when you want to open the window by pressing the contactor button 24 so as to reverse the two contacts 23 'and 23 ", the diodes D3 and D4 are blocked as before but the diodes D5 and D6 are made conductive and supply power normally the circuit, as a result of which the contact of the detector with a foreign body interrupts the movement of the window both during opening and closing.

The presence of the lever does not only allow the window to be brought into the fully closed position either by manual action in the closing direction on the control button 24, or automatically as described above. It ensures in both directions, both during opening and closing, the crossing of the imperfect closing zone and, if desired, plays a similar role at the end of opening thanks to a symmetrical action on the contact 29.

In fact, when the window 4 is in the end-of-travel zone, both in the fully closed zone and in the fully open zone, action on the contactor 24 causes the servo circuit 15 to be powered. its stage 19 while the oscillator 16 is damped. In the absence of the KS rocker, it would therefore be impossible to start the motor 5 from these two zones. On the contrary, the rise of the rocker during power-up allows this start-up since it neutralizes the operation of the detector when the contactor button 24 is pressed in the opening direction, this for the time necessary for the edge moves away from frame 2. In the full opening zone, the same is true with respect to contact 30.

The solution described can thus make it possible to eliminate the costly torque limiters provided hitherto between the window and its drive mechanism.

Claims (11)

1. Electrical device for stopping the drive mechanism of a leaf controlled by a reversing contactor (23) using a detector (7) formed by a conductor placed on the edge (6) of the leaf ( 4) and inserted at the output of an oscillator (16) placed at the head of a servo circuit (15) further comprising a detection stage (17) and an all-or-nothing control stage (18) acting on a contact (K) placed on the motor supply (5), characterized in that the oscillating stage is a high sensitivity stage, the damping of which at least when the leaf is closed causes the contact to open and cuts the engine control, and in that an auxiliary circuit (A) temporarily neutralizes the detection when it is energized. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the detector (7) is connected on the lower part (9-10) of the edge of the leaf (4) to the core (12) of a coaxial cable (13) whose sheath (14), also inserted at the output of the oscillator, is left free in the vicinity of the connection point. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the sheath (14) of the coaxial cable is connected to the output of the oscillator by an impedance adapter. 4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary circuit is a tilting circuit which passes from its first state to the second for a short time when its main input (27) is energized. 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the auxiliary circuit (A) comprises a monostable rocker (KS) connected to the control stage (18) by a transistor (T3) with all or nothing response. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the tilting circuit is subject to an approach contact controlled by the leaf and which puts it out of service in the intermediate positions of this leaf. 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the auxiliary circuit (A) is connected by its terminal (28) for zero setting to the approach contact (29), the latter closing to block it as soon as the leaf is out of its extreme positions. 8. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the auxiliary circuit (A) is connected by its main input (27) on approach contact, the latter closing to feed it as soon as the leaf approaches its extreme positions. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that there is on the supply of the servo circuit (15) at least one diode (D4) whose conductivity threshold shifts its minimum potential relative to to that of the mass of the vehicle's on-board network. 10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the control circuit (15) is mounted downstream of the contactor (23) via a rectifier (D3, D4, D5, D6). 11. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the detector (7) extends far enough along the lower edge of the leaf (4) to come, in the open position, to meet a contact (30).

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