EP0024583B1 - Overvoltage arrester - Google Patents

Overvoltage arrester Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0024583B1
EP0024583B1 EP80104592A EP80104592A EP0024583B1 EP 0024583 B1 EP0024583 B1 EP 0024583B1 EP 80104592 A EP80104592 A EP 80104592A EP 80104592 A EP80104592 A EP 80104592A EP 0024583 B1 EP0024583 B1 EP 0024583B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrodes
surge arrester
arc discharge
chamber
arrester according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80104592A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0024583A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Dr.-Ing. Hasse
Johannes Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wiesinger
Erich Dr.-Ing. Pivit
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Bosch Telecom GmbH
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ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH
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Publication of EP0024583A1 publication Critical patent/EP0024583A1/en
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Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a surge arrester, consisting of an air spark gap according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a three-electrode vacuum spark gap is described in US Pat. No. 3,811,070, which is triggered by laser initiation. This arrangement provided with a shield of the spacer is also unusable for the application according to the invention.
  • spark gaps described in the article "Protection of electronic and communications systems by means of spark gaps" from bark-Elektronik 4-1979, pp. 127 to 130, are mostly two- or three-electrode spark gaps with a hermetically sealed gas filling. Such spark gaps are conditionally suitable for protecting telecommunications cables or receiving antennas against lightning flashovers, but they only suffice for operational insulation, but not the increased requirements for protective insulation.
  • an overvoltage protection for telecommunication lines which consists of a spark gap between two carbon electrodes, with a region being provided around the area of the arc discharge, which serves as an outlet for particles from the electrodes in the Break out the arc gap.
  • This spark gap also only suffices for operational insulation and, moreover, has a very limited service life.
  • the object of the invention was therefore to provide an uncomplicated surge arrester of the type mentioned at the outset, whose insulation resistance, its dielectric strength and its reliability in the non-ignited state are equivalent to the protective insulation in accordance with VDE regulation 0845, the response voltage of which is lower than the dielectric strength of the protective insulation which was ignited Condition the voltage is limited to harmless values and which can take up the full lightning current several times without its functions being impaired to such an extent that the above-mentioned requirements are no longer met, with the labyrinth steaming the spacer relevant for the protective insulation with electrically conductive ones Plasma particles and thus a decrease in its insulation resistance is prevented or inhibited.
  • the surge arrester according to the invention has the advantages that high leakage currents can be dissipated through it, that there is high dielectric strength, high reliability and high insulation resistance in the non-ignited state and that these properties are retained even after many strong lightning loads.
  • the surge arrester thus fulfills the basic requirements for protective insulation.
  • FIG. 1 shows an advantageous embodiment of the invention, namely a rotationally symmetrical arrangement of the perforated disk-shaped electrode 1 and the fully cylindrical electrode 2 arranged underneath with a chamfered inner or outer edge 8. Between these two phase surfaces is the area of the arc discharge which, in the non-ignited state, , is preferably air-insulated.
  • the spacer 4 between the outer edge of the disk-shaped lower extension of the electrode 2 and the outer edge of the electrode 1 is far from the area of the arc discharge.
  • the gases under pressure that arise during arc discharge can escape upwards into the open. However, it cannot be avoided that a smaller part of the gases is pressed into the chamber 5 formed by the electrodes and spacers.
  • This chamber is labyrinthine in such a way that an artificial extension of the path of the gases to the spacer and cooling takes place.
  • This has the advantage that the evaporation of the inner surface of the spacer by metal particles torn out of the electrodes during arc discharge is prevented or can be carried out very slightly, which is an essential prerequisite for permanent and unrestrictedly effective protective insulation.
  • the cooling is carried out by the heat-dissipating metal walls of the labyrinth, which are insulated on the electrodes 1 and 2 in order to prevent the arc discharge from spreading to the labyrinth area (6, 7).
  • Such a labyrinth arrangement makes it possible for the gases generated during the arc discharge to be deposited on the labyrinth walls for the most part, so that the insulation value of the spacer and thus the spark gap does not deteriorate significantly even after many heavy lightning current stresses.
  • a suitable electrode material for example tungsten copper, which has a high resistance to burnout, the wear can advantageously be kept very low.
  • the arc can be stable in the air gap provided for this purpose and thus also counteracting vaporization of the spacer insulator.
  • surge arresters that were built according to the teaching of the present invention that, after an accumulated load, which corresponds to about a thousand statistically averaged flashes, but also includes above-average lightning current stresses, they are still fully functional and have an insulation resistance of> 1010Q. A fusion of the electrodes or even only slight approaches to it cannot be determined.
  • the right half of Figure 2 shows another embodiment of the invention.
  • the lower electrode 2 projects with its end face 9 and its outer lateral surface 10 far into the opening of the hollow cylindrical electrode 1, so that the arc relief in region 3 can unfold between the opposite parts of the cylindrical lateral surfaces 10.
  • the labyrinth 5 is on the one hand from the phase surface 8, from the end face 9, from the outer circumferential surface and from the lower part of the disc-shaped extension of the electrode 1 adjoining the upper end of the hollow cylinder, and from metal walls 7, which are formed on a disc-shaped electrode 2 enclosing insulating body 6a are attached, and formed by the outwardly delimiting spacer 4.
  • FIG. 2 shows the cross section through another surge arrester according to the invention, in which the end faces 9 of the two cylindrical electrodes 1 and 2 enclose the area of the arc discharge.
  • This arrangement keeps the discharge particularly stable, so that the spacer 4 can be vaporized even less.
  • the well-formed labyrinth 5 consists of three chambers, which are comprised of three metal walls 7, a disk-shaped insulating piece 6a surrounding the electrode 2, to which two of the metal walls 7 are fastened, and an insulating piece 6, with which the third metal wall is attached to the upper electrode 1 is attached to be formed.

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  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Überspannungsableiter, bestehend aus einer Luftfunkenstrecke gemäß Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a surge arrester, consisting of an air spark gap according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine derartige Funkenstrecke mit einem Labyrinth, welche hermetisch abgeschlossen unter Niederdruck steht, ist durch die US-PS 2,431,226 bekannt geworden. Diese Funkenstrecke ist jedoch für die Aufnahme eines hohen Blitzstromes nicht geeignet.Such a spark gap with a labyrinth, which is hermetically sealed under low pressure, has become known from US Pat. No. 2,431,226. However, this spark gap is not suitable for absorbing a high lightning current.

In der US-PS 3,811,070 ist eine Drei-Elektroden-Vakuum-Funkenstrecke beschrieben, die laserinitiert getriggert wird. Auch diese mit einer Abschirmung des Abstandhalters versehene Anordnung ist für den erfindungsgemäßen Anwendungsfall unbrauchbar.A three-electrode vacuum spark gap is described in US Pat. No. 3,811,070, which is triggered by laser initiation. This arrangement provided with a shield of the spacer is also unusable for the application according to the invention.

Die in dem Aufsatz "Schutz elektronischer und nachrichtentechnicher Systeme mittels Funkenstrecke" aus Nachrichten-Elektronik 4-1979, S. 127 bis 130, beschriebenen Funkenstrecken sind zumeist Zwei- oder Drei-Elektroden-Funkenstrecken mit einer hermetisch abgeschlossen Gasfüllung. Solche Funkenstrecken eignen sich bedingt zum Schutze von Fernmeldekabeln oder Empfangsantennen vor Blitzüberschlägen, genügen jedoch nur einer Betriebsisolierung, nicht aber den erhöhten Anforderungen einer Schutzisolierung.The spark gaps described in the article "Protection of electronic and communications systems by means of spark gaps" from Nachrichten-Elektronik 4-1979, pp. 127 to 130, are mostly two- or three-electrode spark gaps with a hermetically sealed gas filling. Such spark gaps are conditionally suitable for protecting telecommunications cables or receiving antennas against lightning flashovers, but they only suffice for operational insulation, but not the increased requirements for protective insulation.

Durch die DE-OS 26 41 858 ist ebenfalls ein Überspannungsschutz für Fernmeldeleitungen bekannt geworden, der aus einer Funkenstrecke zwischen zwei Kohleelektroden besteht, wobei um den Bereich der Bogenentladung ein Bezirk vorgesehen ist, der als Auslaß für Partikel dient, die von den Elektroden in den Lichtbogenspalt ausbrechen. Auch diese Funkenstrecke genügt nur der Betriebsisolierung und hat überdies nur eine sehr begrenzte Lebensdauer.From DE-OS 26 41 858 an overvoltage protection for telecommunication lines is also known, which consists of a spark gap between two carbon electrodes, with a region being provided around the area of the arc discharge, which serves as an outlet for particles from the electrodes in the Break out the arc gap. This spark gap also only suffices for operational insulation and, moreover, has a very limited service life.

Aufgabe der Erfindung war es deshalb, einen unaufwendigen Überspannungsableiter der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, dessen Isolationswiderstand, dessen Spannungsfestigkeit und dessen Zuverlässigkeit im ungezündeten Zustand der Schutzisolierung nach VDE - Bestimmung 0845 gleichwertig sind, dessen Ansprechspannung niedriger ist als die Spannungsfestigkeit der Schutzisolierung, der im gezündeten Zustand die Spannung auf ungefährliche Werte begrenzt und der mehrmals den vollen Blitzstrom aufnehmen kann, ohne daß seine Funktionen so weit beeinträchtigt werden, daß die oben genannten Forderungen nicht mehr erfüllt sind, wobei durch das Labyrinth ein Bedampfen des für die Schutzisolierung maßgeblichen Abstandshalters mit elektrisch leitenden Plasmateilchen und damit ein Absinken dessen Isolationswiderstandes verhindert oder gehemmt wird.The object of the invention was therefore to provide an uncomplicated surge arrester of the type mentioned at the outset, whose insulation resistance, its dielectric strength and its reliability in the non-ignited state are equivalent to the protective insulation in accordance with VDE regulation 0845, the response voltage of which is lower than the dielectric strength of the protective insulation which was ignited Condition the voltage is limited to harmless values and which can take up the full lightning current several times without its functions being impaired to such an extent that the above-mentioned requirements are no longer met, with the labyrinth steaming the spacer relevant for the protective insulation with electrically conductive ones Plasma particles and thus a decrease in its insulation resistance is prevented or inhibited.

Die Lösung erfolgt mit den durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Mitteln.The solution is achieved with the means indicated by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Der erfindungsgemäße Überspannungsableiter hat die Vorteile, daß durch ihn hohe Ableitströme abgeführt werden können, daß im ungezündeten Zustand hohe Spannungsfestigkeit, große Zuverlässigkeit und hoher Isolationswiderstand vorliegen und daß diese Eigenschaften auch nach vielen starken Blitzbelastungen erhalten bleiben. Der Überspannungsableiter erfüllt damit die Grundvoraussetzungen für die Schutzisolierung.The surge arrester according to the invention has the advantages that high leakage currents can be dissipated through it, that there is high dielectric strength, high reliability and high insulation resistance in the non-ignited state and that these properties are retained even after many strong lightning loads. The surge arrester thus fulfills the basic requirements for protective insulation.

Es folgt nun die Beschreibung der Erfindung anhand der Figuren.There now follows the description of the invention with reference to the figures.

Die Figur 1 zeigt eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung, nämlich eine rotationssymmetrische Anordnung der lochscheibenförmigen Elektrode 1 und der darunter angeordneten vollzylinderförmigen Elektrode 2 mit angephaster Innen- bzw. Außenkante 8. Zwischen diesen beiden Phasenflächen liegt der Bereich der Bogenentladung, der im ungezündeten Zustand gas-, vorzugsweise luftisoliert ist. Der Abstandhalter 4 zwischen dem äußeren Rand des scheibenförmigen unteren Fortsatzes der Elektrode 2 und dem äußeren Rand der Elektrode 1 liegt weitab vom Bereich der Bogenentladung. Die bei der Bogenentladung entstehenden, unter Druck stehenden Gase können zum überwiegenden Teil nach oben ins Freie austreten. Es läßt sich jedoch nicht vermeiden, daß ein kleinerer Teil der Gase in die von den Elektroden und Abstandshalter gebildete Kammer 5 gedrückt wird. Diese Kammer ist labyrinthmäßig so ausgebildet, daß eine künstliche Verlängerung des Weges der Gase zum Abstandshalter sowie eine Kühlung erfolgt. Das hat den Vorteil, daß die Bedampfung der inneren Oberfläche des Abstandshalters durch bei der Bogenentladung aus den Elektroden herausgerissene Metallpartikel verhindert wird oder ganz geringfügig erfolgen kann, was unbedingte Voraussetzung für eine dauerhaft und uneingeschränkt wirksame Schutzisolierung ist. Die Kühlung erfolgt durch die Wärme gut ableitenden Metallwände des Labyrinths, die, um eine Ausbreitung der Bogenentladung auf den Labyrinthbereich zu vernhindern, isoliert an den Elektroden 1 bzw. 2 angebracht sind (6, 7). Durch eine solche Labyrinthanordnung wird ermöglicht, daß die bei der Bogenentladung entstehenden Gase sich größtenteils schon eingangs an den Labyrinthwänden niederschlagen können, so daß sich der Isolationswert des Abstandshalters und damit der Funkenstrecke auch nach vielen starken Blitzstrombeanspruchungen nicht wesentlich verschlechtert. Vorteilhafterweise kann durch Verwendung eines geeigneten Elektrodenmaterials, beispielsweise Wolframkupfer, das eine hohe Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Ausbrennen aufweist, der Verschleiß sehr gering gehalten werden.FIG. 1 shows an advantageous embodiment of the invention, namely a rotationally symmetrical arrangement of the perforated disk-shaped electrode 1 and the fully cylindrical electrode 2 arranged underneath with a chamfered inner or outer edge 8. Between these two phase surfaces is the area of the arc discharge which, in the non-ignited state, , is preferably air-insulated. The spacer 4 between the outer edge of the disk-shaped lower extension of the electrode 2 and the outer edge of the electrode 1 is far from the area of the arc discharge. For the most part, the gases under pressure that arise during arc discharge can escape upwards into the open. However, it cannot be avoided that a smaller part of the gases is pressed into the chamber 5 formed by the electrodes and spacers. This chamber is labyrinthine in such a way that an artificial extension of the path of the gases to the spacer and cooling takes place. This has the advantage that the evaporation of the inner surface of the spacer by metal particles torn out of the electrodes during arc discharge is prevented or can be carried out very slightly, which is an essential prerequisite for permanent and unrestrictedly effective protective insulation. The cooling is carried out by the heat-dissipating metal walls of the labyrinth, which are insulated on the electrodes 1 and 2 in order to prevent the arc discharge from spreading to the labyrinth area (6, 7). Such a labyrinth arrangement makes it possible for the gases generated during the arc discharge to be deposited on the labyrinth walls for the most part, so that the insulation value of the spacer and thus the spark gap does not deteriorate significantly even after many heavy lightning current stresses. By using a suitable electrode material, for example tungsten copper, which has a high resistance to burnout, the wear can advantageously be kept very low.

Bei entsprechender Ausbildungsform der Elektroden kann der Lichtbogen stabil in dem dafür vorgesehenen Luftspalt gehalten und damit ebenfalls einer Bedampfung des Abstandsisolators entgegengewirkt werden.With an appropriate design of the electrodes, the arc can be stable in the air gap provided for this purpose and thus also counteracting vaporization of the spacer insulator.

Vorteilhaft wirkt sich nach Beendigung der Entladung aus, daß die Luft-Funkenstrecke aufgrund des Kammerüberdruckes von innen nach außen durchblasen und dabei gereinigt wird.After the discharge has ended, the fact that the air spark gap blows from inside to outside due to the chamber overpressure and is thereby cleaned has an advantageous effect.

Typisch für Überspannungsableiter, die nach der Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung gebaut wurden, ist, daß dieselben nach einer akkumulierten Belastung, die etwa tausend statistisch gemittelten Blitzen entspricht, jedoch auch überdurchschnittliche Blitzstrombeanspruchungen einschließt, immer noch voll funktionsfähig sind und einen Isolationswiderstand von > 1010Q aufweisen. Eine Verschmelzung der Elektroden oder auch nur geringe Ansätze dazu können nicht festgestellt werden.It is typical for surge arresters that were built according to the teaching of the present invention that, after an accumulated load, which corresponds to about a thousand statistically averaged flashes, but also includes above-average lightning current stresses, they are still fully functional and have an insulation resistance of> 1010Q. A fusion of the electrodes or even only slight approaches to it cannot be determined.

Die rechte Hälfte der Figur 2 zeigt ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Hier ragt die untere Elektrode 2 mit ihrer Stirnseite 9 und ihrer äußeren Mantelfläche 10 weit in die Öffnung der hohlzylinderförmigen Elektrode 1 hinein, so daß sich die Bogenentlastung im Bereich 3 zwischen den gegenüberliegenden Teilen der Zylindermantelflächen 10 entfalten kann. Das Labyrinth 5 wird einerseits von der Phasenfläche 8, von der Stirnfläche 9, von der äußeren Mantelfläche und von dem unteren Teil der am oberen Ende des Hohlzylinders sich anschließenden scheibenförmigen Erweiterung der Elektrode 1 sowie von Metallwänden 7, die an einem scheibenförmig ausgebildeten, die Elektrode 2 umschließenden Isolierkörper 6a angebracht sind, und durch den nach außen begrenzenden Abstandshalter 4 gebildet.The right half of Figure 2 shows another embodiment of the invention. Here, the lower electrode 2 projects with its end face 9 and its outer lateral surface 10 far into the opening of the hollow cylindrical electrode 1, so that the arc relief in region 3 can unfold between the opposite parts of the cylindrical lateral surfaces 10. The labyrinth 5 is on the one hand from the phase surface 8, from the end face 9, from the outer circumferential surface and from the lower part of the disc-shaped extension of the electrode 1 adjoining the upper end of the hollow cylinder, and from metal walls 7, which are formed on a disc-shaped electrode 2 enclosing insulating body 6a are attached, and formed by the outwardly delimiting spacer 4.

Die linke Hälfte der Figur 2 zeigt den Querschnitt durch einen anderen erfindungsgemäßen Überspannungsableiter, bei dem die Stirnseiten 9 der beiden zylinderförmigen Elektroden 1 und 2 den Bereich der Bogenentladung einschließen. Durch diese Anordnung wird die Entladung besonders stabil gehalten, so daß eine Bedampfungsmöglichkeit des Abstandshalters 4 noch geringer ist. Das gut ausgebildete Labyrinth 5 besteht aus drei Kammern, die von drei Metallwänden 7, einem scheibenförmigen, die Elektrode 2 umschliessenden Isolierstück 6a, an dem zwei der Metallwände 7 befestigt sind, und einem lsolierstück 6, mit dem die dritte Metallwand an der oberen Elektrode 1 befestigt ist, gebildet werden.The left half of FIG. 2 shows the cross section through another surge arrester according to the invention, in which the end faces 9 of the two cylindrical electrodes 1 and 2 enclose the area of the arc discharge. This arrangement keeps the discharge particularly stable, so that the spacer 4 can be vaporized even less. The well-formed labyrinth 5 consists of three chambers, which are comprised of three metal walls 7, a disk-shaped insulating piece 6a surrounding the electrode 2, to which two of the metal walls 7 are fastened, and an insulating piece 6, with which the third metal wall is attached to the upper electrode 1 is attached to be formed.

Claims (6)

1. Surge arrester in rotationally symmetrical arrangement and consisting of a spark gap with spacer member (4), which consists of insulating material, for the electrodes (1, 2) and a chamber (5), which adjoins the region of the arc discharge (3) and the walls of which are formed by both the electrodes (1, 2) and the spacer member (4), wherein the chamber (5) is constructed in such a manner that the gases arising through the arc discharge are deflected in labyrinthine manner on their way to the spacer member (4), characterised thereby, that the one electrode (2) is constructed as solid cylinder and the other electrode (1) in disc shape with a substantially central bore as exit opening into the open in the region of the arc discharge (3) for the highly heated gas collecting in the chamber (5) due to excess pressure.
2. Surge arrester according to claim 1, characterised thereby, that the chamber (5) displays thermally well-conducting walls (7, 9, 10).
3. Surge arrester according to claim 2, characterised thereby, that the walls are metal walls (7) insulated from the electrodes (1, 2) and fastened to insulating pieces (6).
4. Surge arrester according to one of the preceding claims, characterised thereby, that the electrodes (1, 2) display bevelled edges (bevel surface 8), between which the regions (3) of the arc discharge is mainly disposed.
5. Surge arrester according to one of the preceding claims, characterised thereby, that the region (3) of the arc discharge is disposed mainly between the mutually opposite end surfaces (9) or shell surfaces (1µ).
6. Surge arrester according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by electrodes (1, 2) of metal alloys of high resistance to spark erosion.
EP80104592A 1979-08-24 1980-08-04 Overvoltage arrester Expired EP0024583B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2934237A DE2934237C2 (en) 1979-08-24 1979-08-24 Surge arresters
DE2934237 1979-08-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0024583A1 EP0024583A1 (en) 1981-03-11
EP0024583B1 true EP0024583B1 (en) 1984-05-02

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EP80104592A Expired EP0024583B1 (en) 1979-08-24 1980-08-04 Overvoltage arrester

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US (1) US4345293A (en)
EP (1) EP0024583B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1161106A (en)
DE (1) DE2934237C2 (en)
DK (1) DK155396C (en)

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DE2934235A1 (en) * 1979-08-24 1981-03-26 Ant Nachrichtentechnik Gmbh, 71522 Backnang MAINS CONNECTION WITH SURGE PROTECTORS
EP0229303A1 (en) * 1985-12-18 1987-07-22 Cerberus Ag Spark gap, particularly for use as booster gap for a sparking plug of an internal combustion engine
EP0242688B1 (en) * 1986-04-22 1990-07-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Surge arrester
US4860300A (en) * 1987-06-03 1989-08-22 Lambda Physik Forschungs- Und Entwicklungsgesellschaft Mb Electrode for pulsed gas lasers
DE3910435A1 (en) * 1989-02-25 1990-08-30 Phoenix Elekt Overvoltage protection device
DE19506057B4 (en) * 1995-02-22 2004-07-22 Dehn + Söhne GmbH + Co KG Extinguishing spark gap arrangement
DE19717802B4 (en) * 1997-04-26 2009-09-17 Dehn + Söhne GmbH + Co KG radio link
DE10140950B4 (en) * 2001-08-01 2006-10-19 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Encapsulated surge arrester based on spark gap
DE10357945A1 (en) * 2003-12-09 2005-07-14 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Overvoltage protection device
DE102006048977B4 (en) * 2005-05-30 2017-02-23 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Encapsulated, flameproof, non-hermetically sealed, rotationally symmetric high-performance spark gap
DE102005024658B4 (en) * 2005-05-30 2007-02-15 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Encapsulated, flameproof, non-hermetically sealed, rotationally symmetric high-performance spark gap
DE102005036265A1 (en) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-08 Epcos Ag radio link
ATE484867T1 (en) * 2006-10-17 2010-10-15 Dehn & Soehne ENCAPSULATED, PRESSURE-RESISTANT, NON-HERMETICALLY TIGHT, ROTATIONALLY SYMMETRIC HIGH-PERFORMANCE SPARK GAP
DE102007015931A1 (en) * 2007-01-04 2008-07-10 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Encapsulated, flameproof, non-hermetically sealed, rotationally symmetric high-performance spark gap
DE102009006545B4 (en) 2009-01-29 2017-08-17 Epcos Ag Surge arrester and arrangement of several surge arresters to an array
US8861144B2 (en) * 2011-11-15 2014-10-14 Eaton Corporation Triggered arc flash arrester and switchgear system including the same

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Publication number Publication date
CA1161106A (en) 1984-01-24
DK359980A (en) 1981-02-25
DK155396C (en) 1989-08-07
EP0024583A1 (en) 1981-03-11
DE2934237C2 (en) 1983-02-17
DE2934237A1 (en) 1981-03-26
DK155396B (en) 1989-04-03
US4345293A (en) 1982-08-17

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