EP0022286B1 - Loading device for armoured vehicle - Google Patents

Loading device for armoured vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0022286B1
EP0022286B1 EP80200562A EP80200562A EP0022286B1 EP 0022286 B1 EP0022286 B1 EP 0022286B1 EP 80200562 A EP80200562 A EP 80200562A EP 80200562 A EP80200562 A EP 80200562A EP 0022286 B1 EP0022286 B1 EP 0022286B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ammunition
magazine
projectile
turret
loading apparatus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80200562A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0022286A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Wimmer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
Original Assignee
Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG filed Critical Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Publication of EP0022286A1 publication Critical patent/EP0022286A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0022286B1 publication Critical patent/EP0022286B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/60Empty-cartridge-case or belt-link collectors or catchers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/06Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
    • F41A9/09Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/61Magazines
    • F41A9/64Magazines for unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/76Magazines having an endless-chain conveyor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loading machine for an armored vehicle for supplying projectiles to a firearm on a rotatable armored turret, according to the preamble of the claim.
  • US-A-2 474 975 describes an automatic loading machine for an armored vehicle with a rotatable turret for supplying projectiles to a firearm, which has an ammunition magazine which contains two ammunition containers, each with a drive with drive shafts and an endless conveyor belt chain each. Disadvantage that the ammunition magazine is located inside the tank turret, so that a relatively large weight has to be moved when aiming the firearm.
  • This known device has the disadvantage that the projectiles are arranged vertically in the ammunition magazine and on the turntable. This requires a lot of space, which is available on a ship but not on a land vehicle.
  • This known device has the disadvantage that to feed the ammunition to the firearm, the turret with the weapon must first be pivoted into the loading position.
  • FR-A-2 288 293 describes an automatic loading machine for an armored vehicle, which, however, is only suitable for feeding a single type of ammunition.
  • the automatic loading device has the task of automatically feeding the ammunition stowed in the trough outside the turret body in two ammunition containers of an ammunition magazine without the turret having to be turned into a special loading position, after all the ammunition must be stored in such a way that the crew in Vehicle is not at risk.
  • the parts mentioned under 3. and 4. have the task of feeding projectiles 14 from the ammunition magazine 10 to a firearm 15.
  • the firearm 15 is located on an armored turret 16, which is only indicated in the drawing.
  • the ammunition magazine 10 is arranged in a vehicle, not shown, behind the armored turret 16.
  • the transfer station 12 is located below the tank tower 16. Between the transfer station 12 and the ammunition. magazine 10, the magazine lock 11 is arranged.
  • the ammunition feed device 13 is located inside the armored turret 16 below the firearm 15.
  • each of the two magazine containers 17 has two end plates 60 and 60 ', which over four plates, not shown, i.e. are connected on both sides and above and below.
  • the drive shafts 19 and 20 are rotatably supported with the conveyor stars 21 and 22.
  • a motor 34 is fastened to the rear end plate 60 ′ in the interior of the magazine container 17, on which two chain wheels 35 are fastened outside the magazine container 17.
  • the left drive shaft 19 and, on the other hand, the right drive shaft 20 are driven via two chains 36 (see FIG. 4).
  • Two chain wheels 37, 37 ' are also fastened to the drive shaft 19 (FIG. 5).
  • the magazine container 17 also contains two deflecting shafts 40 and 41. If the ammunition quiver 24 is located on top of the two conveyor stars 21 and 22, they can be opened to insert the projectiles 14. Above the two conveyor stars 21 and 22, the ammunition container 17 each has an ammunition hatch 42.
  • the endless belt chain 23 with the twenty-three ammunition cases 24 runs from the first, upper drive shaft 19 to the lower drive shaft 39, via the first deflection shaft 40 to the second upper drive shaft 20 and from there via the second deflection shaft 41 back to the first upper drive shaft 19.
  • the second deflection shaft 41 is resiliently mounted and is used for tensioning the chain 23.
  • the individual ammunition quivers 24 are connected to one another by tabs 44 as in a roller chain. So that the quiver 24 always reaches the ammunition hatches 42 with the open side up, they are firmly connected to one tab each and rotatably supported in the adjacent tab.
  • Such tabs 44 are present at both ends of the ammunition case 24, the rear connecting tabs running in a guideway and the belt chain 23 with the ammunition cases 24 being secured against axial displacement.
  • Each ammunition holder 24 has two closed rings 45 and 46 which are attached to the two ends of a half shell 47.
  • a two-part closure cover 32 ′, 32 ′′ is articulated to this half shell 47 (FIG.
  • the trap door 25 is slidably arranged between two bulkhead 49 and the magazine container 17 in two not protruding guides that are not visible in the drawing. Together with the seal 26, the trap door 25 has a noticeable play in relation to the bulkhead 49.
  • the actuating cylinder 27 is fastened, which serves to raise and lower the trap door 25.
  • a piston rod 50 protruding from the actuating cylinder is attached to the lower end of the trap door 25.
  • the seal 26 is effective at excess pressure in the magazine room. It consists of an endless, non-flammable sealing cord. If there is excess pressure in the magazine room, the trap door 25 with the seal 26 attached to it is pressed against the bulkhead 49.
  • the arrangement of the actuating cylinder 27 in the team room was chosen for reasons of accessibility.
  • the transfer station (pull-out device, swivel device, turntable)
  • the pull-out device 28 has a transport carriage 51 with a pull-out head 52 and a support carriage 53.
  • the trolley 51, pull-out head 52 and support trolley 53 are shown both in their rearmost end position on the far right, the pull-out head 52 protruding through the bulkhead 49, and in their frontmost end position on the far left. In this position, the parts are designated 51 ', 52' and 53 '.
  • the support carriage 53 In the rearmost end position, the support carriage 53 abuts against a guideway bracket 54 and the transport carriage 51 comes close to the support carriage by compressing a spring. In the foremost position of the transport carriage 51 ', this spring is relaxed and the support carriage 53' is located at a somewhat greater distance behind the trolley 51 'directly under the floor 14.
  • Both the transport carriage 51 and the support carriage 53 are slidably guided on two guide rods 55 and 56.
  • An endless chain 57 which is stretched over two sprockets 58 and 59, is used to move the transport carriage 51 and the support carriage 53.
  • the transport carriage 51 is articulated on the endless chain 57.
  • the pull-out head 52 has pull-out claws 61 which at the same time open the holding claws 48 in the case 24 during the backward movement when the projectile is gripped (FIGS. 4 and 5).
  • the pivoting direction 29 has a bearing block 62 (FIG. 9) and a bracket 54 (FIG. 6).
  • a guide rod 56 is supported at both ends.
  • Two swivel arms 63 (FIG. 6) are pivotably mounted in their central part on the guide rod 56 and carry the other guide rod 55 at their left end (FIG. 8a).
  • an actuating cylinder 64 is articulated, which in turn is hinged to a fixed bearing block 65.
  • the one guide rod 55 can thus be pivoted about the other guide rod 56, the transport carriage 51 and the support carriage 53 guided on the guide rods 55 and 56 also being pivoted. 8, the projectile 14 pulled out of the magazine 10 is lifted from its lower position 14 'into its upper position 14 ". In this upper position 14" it reaches the turntable described below.
  • the turntable 30 has a turntable 66 to which a ring gear 67 is fastened, which meshes with a gear 68.
  • the gear 68 is driven by a hydraulic motor 69 (FIG. 7).
  • the hydraulic motor 69 is fastened to the bulkhead 49 with the aid of a support 70 (FIG. 6).
  • On the turntable 66 four bearing blocks 71, 72 with retaining stars 73 are arranged to accommodate two storeys 14 (FIG. 8), the two receiving points being shown in FIG. 2.
  • each magazine container 17 is assigned a separate pull-out device 28 and a separate swivel device 29.
  • the floors 14 fed to the turntable 30 from below can be grasped from above by the lifting device 31 to be described.
  • the lifting device 31 has a column 74, which is fastened with its upper end to the tower roof 75 and with its lower end via a bracket 76 to the bottom 77 of the tower cage.
  • This column 74 has a round and flat guide for guiding a slide 78.
  • a toothed rack 79 is fastened on the flat guide of the column 74 in an adjustable manner.
  • a hydraulic motor 80 which drives a chain 81, is attached to the lower end of the column 74 in order to raise and lower the slide 78.
  • This chain 81 is guided over a chain wheel 82 fastened to the upper end of the column 74 and fastened with its two ends to the slide 78.
  • the charging cradle 32 is pivotally attached.
  • this charging cradle 32 is rotated about an axis 85 which is vertical in the lowest position of the slide 78.
  • the gear 84 with the electric motor 83 is fastened to a horizontal axis 86 (FIGS. 10 and 10a) which is rotatably mounted at the lower end of the slide 78.
  • a sprocket 87 is fastened on the axis 86, which is driven by a chain 88, a second sprocket 89 and by three toothed wheels 90, 91, 92 from the aforementioned rack 79 when the carriage 78 moves up or down on the column 74 .
  • the projectile 14 can be lifted out of position 14, first through the bottom 77 of the tower cage and, with the help of the electric motor 83, pivoted through 90 ° into position 14 2 about the vertical axis 85.
  • the projectile 14 can be raised from position 14 2 to position 14 3 with the aid of the slide 78 and then the projectile 14 with the aid of the toothed rack 79, the three toothed wheels 92, 91 and 90 and the chain drive 89, 88, 87 can be pivoted about the horizontal axis 86 from its lower horizontal position 14 3 by 180 ° into the upper horizontal position 14 4 .
  • the charging cradle 32 has a receiving cradle 93 which is stiffened by two frames 94 and 95.
  • the stiffening ribs 94, 95 are connected to the rotary bearing 97 by longitudinal ribs 96.
  • brackets 98 and 99 are pivoted, which serve to hold the projectile 14 in the radial and axial directions.
  • Means are also provided for holding the four holding clips 98 and 99 in their holding position. These means consist of two switching shafts 100 and 101 which are guided in the two stiffening ribs 94, 95 and in two support bearings 102 and 103.
  • a compression spring 104 tends to switch shaft 100 or 101 to the left.
  • This compression spring is supported on the one hand on the selector shaft 100, 101 and on the other hand on the support bearing 103.
  • Two shift levers 105, 106 are articulated on each shift shaft 100, 101. These switching levers 105 and 106 are pivotally mounted in their center and have switching cams 107 and 108 at their lower end (in FIG. 11), which interact with the holding clips 98 and 99. For this purpose, there are projections on the switching cams 107 and 108, which can penetrate into corresponding recesses in the holding brackets 98 and 99.
  • the piecing device 33 has a quiver 109 for receiving the projectiles 14 from position 14 4 .
  • the quiver 109 is fastened to a piston rod 110 which projects into a drive cylinder 111.
  • the attachment case 109 is made tubular, it is slotted on the circumference in accordance with the number of extraction claws.
  • the drive cylinder 111 is attached to a bracket 112, which in turn is attached to the tower cage. This drive consists of a double-acting, two-stage telescopic cylinder.
  • the sleeve catching device 112 consists of a discharge channel 113 which can be telescopically extended and a joint piece 114 which follows the movement of the weapon mount 116.
  • a catch box 115 is attached to the joint piece 114 and is located in the middle of the weapon behind the return area.
  • the discharge channel 113 has an upright rectangular cross section, in which the ejected sleeve stubs find an upright place.
  • a collection box 117 is arranged below the firearm 15 and its size is adapted to the available installation volume. The lower end of the discharge channel 113 is pivotally connected to the collecting box 117.
  • a control cam attached to the lifting slide engages in the guide of the catch box 115 and presses it up with the catch box.
  • the catch box also returns to its starting position.
  • the projectiles 14 are inserted with the cartridge case bottom obliquely downward into the charging shell 32 of the ammunition case 24 and can be advanced until they snap into the holding claws of the case 24.
  • the cartridge tip can then also be inserted.
  • the closure lid 32 ', 32 "of the case 24 is closed and the belt chain 23 is moved one division further. This process is repeated until both magazine containers 17 are filled.
  • Different types of ammunition can be inserted into the case 24 in any order and number of pieces.
  • the filling point and the removal point are arranged in such a way that when a quiver 24 of the belt chain 23 is in the filling position, another quiver 24 is in the removal position at the same time
  • the magazine drive 18 makes it possible to bring the preselected type of ammunition into the extended position in both conveying directions.
  • a quiver position is accessible by opening a cover in the upper area of the bulkhead 49.
  • a hand crank is placed on a drive shaft 19, 20 through the lid opening and the desired type of ammunition 14 is brought into the extended position by turning.
  • the holding claws on the quiver 24 must be bridged manually.
  • the magazine lock 11 is intended to keep heat and pressure away from the crew room in the event of explosions in the ammunition room. Before a projectile 14 can be removed from the ammunition holder 24 which is in the extended position, the otherwise closed magazine lock 11 must be opened.
  • a limit switch is actuated by the pull-out device, as a result of which the actuating cylinder 27 lifts the trap door 25.
  • the magazine lock 11 is closed.
  • the pull-out device 28 is triggered by a control pulse and the transport carriage 51 together with the support carriage 53 move from their initial position 51 ', 53' backwards against the magazine 10 into the position 51, 53 as soon as the magazine lock 11 is open.
  • the support carriage 53 is pushed back by the force of the spring, not shown, until he hits the guideway bracket 43.
  • the clamping device on the quiver 24 is loosened to such an extent that the projectile is not touched during the extraction process.
  • the transport carriage 51 presses the spring mentioned against the support carriage 53 and the pull-out head 52 penetrates into the magazine container 17.
  • the pull-out claws 61 open the axial fixations during the penetration, which hold the projectile 14 in the quiver 24.
  • the pull-out claws finally snap into the base of the floor 14 itself.
  • the signal for the advance is triggered when the rearmost position is reached.
  • the chain drive 57, 58, 59 is switched over and pulls the transport carriage 51 forward into its starting position 51 '.
  • the support carriage 53 follows at an adjustable distance and comes under the pulled-out storey 14. Simultaneously with the approach of the support carriage, the fixation of the storey is released.
  • the transport carriage 51 is positively locked by means not shown, so that no uncontrolled displacements can take place due to vehicle movements.
  • a signal for the next process is generated.
  • the swivel device 29 can be actuated and the projectile 14 can be transferred from the transport carriage 51 to the turntable 30.
  • the lifting cylinder 64 is activated and swivels the transport carriage 51 and the support carriage 53 with the projectile 14 located thereon upward about the guide axis 56.
  • the projectile 14 reaches between the two holding stars 73 and is held by them.
  • the radial fixation of the support carriage 33 is released.
  • the swiveling device 29 returns to its starting position, i.e. Transport carriage 51 and support carriage 53 are pivoted in the opposite direction about the guide axis 56.
  • the next step can be initiated, namely the rotation of the turntable 30.
  • the described transfer of the projectile 14 to the receiving point of the turntable 30 between the holding stars 73 can only take place in a certain position of the turntable 30 referred to as the index position.
  • the index position is controlled by limit switches, not shown.
  • the rotary table 30 can be rotated.
  • the holding stars 73 can only be rotated in one direction by a suitable backstop, not shown here, in order to prevent the projectile from falling inadvertently.
  • the location of the turntable 30 also has means to hold the projectile 14 in the axial direction. Two different types of projectiles 14 can be located in the two receiving points of the turntable 30.
  • the turntable 30 can be pivoted in one or the other sense of rotation in order to supply the firearm with one or the other type of projectile. As soon as the desired type of ammunition has been determined, the turntable 30 is rotated by the hydraulic motor 69 via the gear 68 and the ring gear 67 until it reaches the index position opposite the armored turret 16.
  • the charging cradle 32 lowers and moves through the tower base 77 to the projectile 14 fastened to the turntable 30 and the holding clips 98, 99 (FIG. 12) grip this projectile 14 when it is pulled out - Of the projectile 14 from the holding stars 73 of the turntable 30, the rotating stars 73 snap one step further and thus return to the receiving position.
  • the slide 78 of the lifting device 31 is raised on the column 74 until the projectile 14, which is transverse to the firearm 15, is above the turret base 77.
  • the charging cradle 32 can be pivoted about the axis 85 until the projectile 14 has reached the position 14 3 parallel to the firearm 15 according to FIG. 10. After the projectile 14 has been removed from the turntable 30, the latter is pivoted back into its first index position and is thus ready to receive another projectile 14 from the pivoting device 29.
  • the carriage 78 is further raised on the column 74, the projectile 14 moves from the position 14 2 (FIG. 10) parallel to itself into the position 14 3 .
  • the gear 91 engages with the rack 79 and begins to rotate, whereby the projectile 14 is lifted out of position 14 3 and pivoted through 180 ° until it reaches position 14 4 has arrived.
  • the piecing device 33 is actuated and this pushes the projectile 14 into the barrel of the firearm 15.
  • the starting position is the waiting position of the charging cradle 32 with the projectile 14 in position 14 3 (FIG. 10).
  • the loading tray 32 is aligned with the center of the firearm 15 and is located in the overhead position, ie with the open Schalense i th down.
  • the firearm 15 is in the index position 0 °. If the type of ammunition is selected and the turntable 30 is pivoted into its transfer position, ie into the second index position. at the same time the charging cradle 32 is pivoted about the axis 85 by 90 ° by the motor 83 in the required direction. Do both of the Turntable 30 and the charging cradle 32 reach their position, the charging cradle 32 lowers down into the removal position by lowering the slide 78.
  • the open retaining clips 98, 99 are actuated by stationary stops and close.
  • the switching cams 108 (FIG. 11) snap into recesses in the holding clips 98, 99.
  • the projectile 14 is thus axially and radially secured against displacement in the charging cradle 32.
  • the charging cradle 32 returns to the waiting position mentioned and rotated by .90 ° until it is directed parallel to the firearm 15. Then floor 14 is raised.
  • the gear 91 engages with the rack 79 and swivels the charging cradle through 180 ° via the gear wheels 92 and 90 as well as via chain wheel 89, chain 88 and chain wheel 87.
  • the charging cradle 32 is now oriented with its open side up and projects into the firearm 15 with its front part. This is the attachment position and the attachment process begins.
  • the quiver 109 abuts against the control cams of the charging cradle 32, as a result of which the switching cams 107 and 108 (FIG. 11) disengage and the holding claws 98, 99 open by spring force.
  • the pull-out claws of the piecer 33 grip the projectile 14 and the quiver 109 conveys the projectile 14 into the barrel of the firearm 15. Before the end position is reached, the pull-out claws of the piecer 33 hit the tube plate, are held back and open. The piecing device 33 moves into its end position and back into its starting position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Ladeautomaten für ein Panzerfahrzeug zum Zuführen von Geschossen zu einer Feuerwaffe auf einem drehbaren Panzerturm, gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches.The invention relates to a loading machine for an armored vehicle for supplying projectiles to a firearm on a rotatable armored turret, according to the preamble of the claim.

Es sind verschiedene Vorrichtungen dieser Art bekannt, insbesondere ist in der US-A-2 474 975 ein Ladeautomat für ein Panzerfahrzeug mit drehbarem Panzerturm zum Zuführen von Geschossen zu einer Feuerwaffe beschrieben der ein Munitionsmagazin aufweist, das zwei Munitionscontainer enthält mit je einem Antrieb mit Antriebswellen und je einer endlosen Förderbandkette.
Nachteil, dass sich das Munitionsmagazin im Innern des Panzerturmes befindet, so dass ein relativ grosses Gewicht beim Richten der Feuerwaffe bewegt werden muss.
Various devices of this type are known, in particular US-A-2 474 975 describes an automatic loading machine for an armored vehicle with a rotatable turret for supplying projectiles to a firearm, which has an ammunition magazine which contains two ammunition containers, each with a drive with drive shafts and an endless conveyor belt chain each.
Disadvantage that the ammunition magazine is located inside the tank turret, so that a relatively large weight has to be moved when aiming the firearm.

Es ist ferner aus der US-A-3 122 967 ein Ladeautomat für ein Panzerfahrzeug - insbesondere ein Kriegsschiff - mit drehbarem Panzerturm zum Zuführen von Geschossen zu einer Feuerwaffe bekannt, der eine Uebergabestation und eine Munitionszuführvorrichtung aufweist, wobei die Uebergabestation an einer festgelegten Stelle des Panzerturmes eine Verbindung zwischen Munitionsmagazin und Panzerturm schafft. Die Munition wird hierbei unter Verwendung einer Schwenkvorrichtung und eines Drehtisches an dieser festgelegten Stelle von dem Entnahmeteil aus dem Munitionsmagazin in das Zuführteil zum Turm befördert.It is also known from US-A-3 122 967 a loading machine for an armored vehicle - in particular a warship - with a rotatable armored turret for supplying projectiles to a firearm, which has a transfer station and an ammunition supply device, the transfer station at a fixed point on the Tank tower creates a connection between the ammunition magazine and the tank tower. The ammunition is conveyed from the removal part from the ammunition magazine into the feed part to the tower using a swiveling device and a turntable at this fixed point.

Diese bekannte Vorrichtung hat den Nachteil, dass die Geschosse im Munitionsmagazin und auf dem Drehtisch vertikal angeordnet sind. Dies erfordert viel Platz, der zwar auf einem Schiff, nicht aber bei einem Landfahrzeug zur Verfügung steht.This known device has the disadvantage that the projectiles are arranged vertically in the ammunition magazine and on the turntable. This requires a lot of space, which is available on a ship but not on a land vehicle.

Durch die DE-A-2149 954 ist ein Ladeautomat für ein Panzerfahrzeug mit drehbarem Panzerturm zum Zuführen von Geschossen zu einer Feuerwaffe bekannt geworden, der zwischen Munitionsmagazin und Panzerturm eine Magazinschleuse aufweist, die eine Falltüre enthält, welche zum Oeffnen und Schliessen mit einer entsprechenden Betätigungseinrichtung zusammenwirkt.From DE-A-2149 954 a loading machine for an armored vehicle with a rotatable armored tower for supplying projectiles to a firearm has become known, which has a magazine lock between the ammunition magazine and the armored turret, which contains a trap door which can be opened and closed with a corresponding actuating device cooperates.

Diese bekannte Vorrichtung hat den Nachteil, dass zum Zuführen der Munition zur Feuerwaffe, der Turm mit der Waffe zuerst in die Ladestellung geschwenkt werden muss.This known device has the disadvantage that to feed the ammunition to the firearm, the turret with the weapon must first be pivoted into the loading position.

In der FR-A-2 288 293 ist ein Ladeautomat für ein Panzerfahrzeug beschrieben, der sich jedoch nur zum Zuführen einer einzigen Munitionsart eignet.FR-A-2 288 293 describes an automatic loading machine for an armored vehicle, which, however, is only suitable for feeding a single type of ammunition.

Der erfindungsgemässe Ladeautomat hat die Aufgabe, die in der Wanne auBerhalb dem Turmkorp in zwei Munitionscontainern eines Munitionsmagazins verstaute Munition automatisch der Waffe zuzuführen, ohne dass der Turm in eine besondere Ladestellung zu drehen ist, schliesslich ist die Munition derart zu lagern, dass die Mannschaft im Fahrzeug wenig gefährdet ist.The automatic loading device according to the invention has the task of automatically feeding the ammunition stowed in the trough outside the turret body in two ammunition containers of an ammunition magazine without the turret having to be turned into a special loading position, after all the ammunition must be stored in such a way that the crew in Vehicle is not at risk.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale der Erfindung gemäss dem Kennzeichen des Hauptanspruches gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of the invention according to the characterizing part of the main claim.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemässen Ladeautomaten ist im folgenden anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung ausführlich beschrieben. Es zeigt :

  • Figur 1 einen senkrechten Längsschnitt durch den ganzen Ladeautomaten, nach Linie I-I in Fig. 2 ;
  • Figur 2 einen horizontalen Schnitt nach Linie II-II in Fig. 1 ;
  • Figur 3 einen Querschnitt durch den Ladeautomaten nach Linie III-III in Fig. 2 ;

In grösserem Massstab :
  • Figur 4 einen Teilquerschnitt von Fig. 3 ;
  • Figur 5 einen Teillängsschnitt von Fig. 1 ;
  • Figur einen Teilgrundriss von Fig. 2 ;
  • Figur 7 einen Teillängsschnitt von Fig. 1 ;
  • Figur einen Schnitt nach Linie VI-VI in Fig. 6 ;
  • Figur 8a eine Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles X in Fig. 6 mit Schwinge ;
  • Figur 9 eine Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles X in Fig. 6 ohne Schwinge ;
  • Figur 10 einen Teilquerschnitt von Fig. 1 ;
  • Figur 10a eine Ansicht der Hubeinrichtung gemäss Fig. 10 von unten ;
  • Figur 11 eine Ansicht der Ladeschale gemäss Fig. 10 ;
  • Figur 12 einen Schnitt nach Linie XI-XI in Fig. 11 ;
  • Figur 13 eine Ansicht der Hülsenfangvorrichtung von der Seite ;
  • Gemäss Fig. 1-3 weist der Ladeautomat folgende Teile auf
    • 1. ein Munitionsmagazin 10
    • 2. eine Magazinschleuse 11
    • 3. eine Uebergabestation 12
    • 4. eine Munitionszuführvorrichtung 13.
An embodiment of the automatic loading machine according to the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing. It shows :
  • 1 shows a vertical longitudinal section through the entire loading machine, along line II in Fig. 2;
  • Figure 2 is a horizontal section along line II-II in Fig. 1;
  • 3 shows a cross section through the automatic loading machine according to line III-III in FIG. 2;

On a larger scale:
  • FIG. 4 shows a partial cross section from FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 shows a partial longitudinal section from FIG. 1;
  • Figure shows a partial floor plan of Fig. 2;
  • Figure 7 is a partial longitudinal section of Fig. 1;
  • Figure a section along line VI-VI in Fig. 6;
  • Figure 8a is a view in the direction of arrow X in Figure 6 with rocker;
  • Figure 9 is a view in the direction of arrow X in Figure 6 without rocker;
  • FIG. 10 shows a partial cross section from FIG. 1;
  • 10a shows a view of the lifting device according to FIG. 10 from below;
  • FIG. 11 shows a view of the charging cradle according to FIG. 10;
  • Figure 12 is a section along line XI-XI in Fig. 11;
  • Figure 13 is a side view of the sleeve catcher;
  • 1-3, the loading machine has the following parts
    • 1. an ammunition magazine 10
    • 2. a magazine lock 11
    • 3. a transfer station 12
    • 4. an ammunition feeder 13.

Die unter 3. und 4. genannten Teile haben die Aufgabe, Geschosse 14 aus dem Munitionsmagazin 10 einer Feuerwaffe 15 zuzuführen. Die Feuerwaffe 15 befindet sich auf einem Panzerturm 16, der in der Zeichnung nur angedeutet ist. Das Munitionsmagazin 10 ist in einem nicht dargestellten Fahrzeug hinter dem Panzerturm 16 angeordnet. Die Uebergabestation 12 befindet sich unterhalb des Panzerturmes 16. Zwischen der Uebergabestation 12 und dem Munitionsma- . gazin 10 ist die Magazinschleuse 11 angeordnet. Die Munitionszuführvorrichtung 13 befindet sich im Innern des Panzerturmes 16 unterhalb der Feuerwaffe 15.The parts mentioned under 3. and 4. have the task of feeding projectiles 14 from the ammunition magazine 10 to a firearm 15. The firearm 15 is located on an armored turret 16, which is only indicated in the drawing. The ammunition magazine 10 is arranged in a vehicle, not shown, behind the armored turret 16. The transfer station 12 is located below the tank tower 16. Between the transfer station 12 and the ammunition. magazine 10, the magazine lock 11 is arranged. The ammunition feed device 13 is located inside the armored turret 16 below the firearm 15.

Das Munitionsmagazin 10 enthält gemäss Fig. 3, 4 und 5

  • 1. zwei Magazincontainer 17 (Fig. 2),
  • 2. je einen Antrieb 18 mit Antriebswellen 19, 20 und Fördersternen 21, 22 (Fig. 4),
  • 3. je eine Bandkette 23 mit Munitionsköchern 24 (Fig. 4).
The ammunition magazine 10 contains according to FIGS. 3, 4 and 5
  • 1. two magazine containers 17 (FIG. 2),
  • 2. one drive 18 each with drive shafts 19, 20 and conveyor stars 21, 22 (FIG. 4),
  • 3. each a belt chain 23 with ammunition quiver 24 (Fig. 4).

Die Magazinschleuse 11 enthält gemäss Fig. 5

  • 1. eine Falltüre 25,
  • 2. eine Führung (in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt),
  • 3. eine Abdichtung 26 im Querschnitt,
  • 4. einen Betätigungszylinder 27.
According to FIG. 5, the magazine lock 11 contains
  • 1. a trap door 25,
  • 2. a guide (not shown in the drawing),
  • 3. a seal 26 in cross section,
  • 4. an actuating cylinder 27.

Die Uebergabestation 12 enthält gemäss Fig. 6, 7 und 8

  • 1. eine Ausziehvorrichtung 28 (Fig. 1 und 7),
  • 2. eine Schwenkvorrichtung 29 (Fig. 3 und 8),
  • 3. einen Drehtisch 30 (Fig. und 6).
The transfer station 12 contains according to FIGS. 6, 7 and 8
  • 1. a pull-out device 28 (FIGS. 1 and 7),
  • 2. a swivel device 29 (FIGS. 3 and 8),
  • 3. a turntable 30 (Fig. And 6).

Die Munitionszuführvorrichtung 13 (Fig. 1) enthält gemäss Fig. 10 und 11

  • 1. eine Hubeinrichtung 31 (Fig. 10) (Fig. 10a),
  • 2. eine Ladeschale 32 (Fig. 11),
  • 3. einen Ansetzer 33 (Fig. 10) (Fig. 10a).
The ammunition supply device 13 (FIG. 1) contains according to FIGS. 10 and 11
  • 1. a lifting device 31 (FIG. 10) (FIG. 10a),
  • 2. a charging cradle 32 (FIG. 11),
  • 3. a piecing device 33 (FIG. 10) (FIG. 10a).

Im folgenden sollen alle diese Teile noch ausführlicher beschrieben werden.In the following, all these parts will be described in more detail.

Das MunitionsmagazinThe ammunition magazine

Gemäss Fig. 4 und 5 weist jeder der beiden Magazincontainer 17 zwei Stirnplatten 60 und 60' auf, welche über vier nicht näher dargestellte Platten, d.h. auf beiden Seiten sowie oben und unten miteinander verbunden sind. In diesen beiden Stirnplatten 60, 60' sind die Antriebswellen 19 und 20 mit den Fördersternen 21 und 22 drehbar gelagert. An der hinteren Stirnplatte 60' ist ein Motor 34 im Innern des Magazincontainers 17 befestigt, an dem zwei Kettenräder 35 ausserhalb des Magazincontainers 17 befestigt sind. Von diesen beiden Kettenrädern 35 werden über zwei Ketten 36 einerseits die linke Antriebswelle 19 und anderseits die rechte Antriebswelle 20 angetrieben (siehe Fig. 4). Auf der Antriebswelle 19 sind ebenfalls zwei Kettenräder 37, 37' befestigt (Fig. 5). Eines dieser Kettenräder 37 dient zur Aufnahme der erwähnten Kette 36 und vor dem anderen Kettenrad 37' wird über eine Kette 38 eine dritte Antriebswelle 39 angetrieben. Der Magazincontainer 17 enthält noch zwei Umlenkwellen 40 und 41. Wenn die Munitionsköcher 24 sich oben auf den beiden Fördersternen 21 und 22 befinden, können sie zum Einlegen der Geschosse 14 geöffnet werden. Oberhalb der beiden Fördersternen 21 und 22 weist der Munitionscontainer 17 je eine Munitionsluke 42 auf. Die endlose Bandkette 23 mit den dreiundzwanzig Munitionsköchern 24 läuft von der ersten, oberen Antriebswelle 19 zur unteren Antriebswelle 39, über die erste Umlenkwelle 40 zur zweiten oberen Antriebswelle 20 und von dort über die zweite Umlenkwelle 41 zurück zur ersteren oberen Antriebswelle 19. Die zweite Umlenkwelle 41 ist federnd gelagert und dient zum Spannen der Kette 23. Auf jeder Antriebswelle 19, 20 und 39 sowie auf jeder Umlenkwelle 40, 41 sind Fördersterne 21, 22 bzw. Umlenksterne 43 angeordnet. Die einzelnen Munitionsköcher 24 sind wie bei einer Rollenkette durch Laschen 44 miteinander verbunden. Damit die Köcher 24 immer mit der offenen Seite nach oben zu den Munitionsluken 42 gelangen, sind sie fest mit jeweils einer Lasche verbunden und in der benachbarten Lasche drehbar gelagert. Solche Laschen 44 sind an beiden Enden der Munitionsköcher 24 vorhanden, wobei die hinteren Verbindungslaschen in einer Führungsbahn laufen und die Bandkette 23 mit den Munitionsköchern 24 gegen axiale Verschiebung gesichert ist. Jeder Munitionsköcher 24 weist zwei geschlossene Ringe 45 und 46 auf, die an den beiden Enden einer Halbschale 47 befestigt sind. An dieser Halbschale 47 ist ein zweiteiliger Verschlussdeckel 32', 32" angelenkt (Fig. 4), der ein Herausfallen der Geschosse 14 aus dem Munitionsköcher verhindert. Im Munitionsköcher 24 sind ferner Halteklauen 48 (Fig. 5) vorhanden, welche die Geschosse 14 gegen eine axiale Verschiebung im Munitionsköcher 24 sichern. Alle Bauteile im Innern des Magazincontainers 17 sind so in ihm befestigt, dass der ganze Magazincontainer 17 aus dem Fahrzeug herausgenommen werden kann und funktionstüchtig bleibt.4 and 5, each of the two magazine containers 17 has two end plates 60 and 60 ', which over four plates, not shown, i.e. are connected on both sides and above and below. In these two end plates 60, 60 ', the drive shafts 19 and 20 are rotatably supported with the conveyor stars 21 and 22. A motor 34 is fastened to the rear end plate 60 ′ in the interior of the magazine container 17, on which two chain wheels 35 are fastened outside the magazine container 17. Of these two sprockets 35, the left drive shaft 19 and, on the other hand, the right drive shaft 20 are driven via two chains 36 (see FIG. 4). Two chain wheels 37, 37 'are also fastened to the drive shaft 19 (FIG. 5). One of these sprockets 37 serves to receive the chain 36 mentioned and in front of the other sprocket 37 'a third drive shaft 39 is driven via a chain 38. The magazine container 17 also contains two deflecting shafts 40 and 41. If the ammunition quiver 24 is located on top of the two conveyor stars 21 and 22, they can be opened to insert the projectiles 14. Above the two conveyor stars 21 and 22, the ammunition container 17 each has an ammunition hatch 42. The endless belt chain 23 with the twenty-three ammunition cases 24 runs from the first, upper drive shaft 19 to the lower drive shaft 39, via the first deflection shaft 40 to the second upper drive shaft 20 and from there via the second deflection shaft 41 back to the first upper drive shaft 19. The second deflection shaft 41 is resiliently mounted and is used for tensioning the chain 23. On each drive shaft 19, 20 and 39 as well as on each deflection shaft 40, 41 conveying stars 21, 22 and deflection stars 43 are arranged. The individual ammunition quivers 24 are connected to one another by tabs 44 as in a roller chain. So that the quiver 24 always reaches the ammunition hatches 42 with the open side up, they are firmly connected to one tab each and rotatably supported in the adjacent tab. Such tabs 44 are present at both ends of the ammunition case 24, the rear connecting tabs running in a guideway and the belt chain 23 with the ammunition cases 24 being secured against axial displacement. Each ammunition holder 24 has two closed rings 45 and 46 which are attached to the two ends of a half shell 47. A two-part closure cover 32 ′, 32 ″ is articulated to this half shell 47 (FIG. 4), which prevents the projectiles 14 from falling out of the ammunition case. In the ammunition case 24 there are also holding claws 48 (FIG. 5) which counter the projectiles 14 secure an axial displacement in the ammunition holder 24. All components inside the magazine container 17 are fastened in it in such a way that the entire magazine container 17 can be removed from the vehicle and remains functional.

Die MagazinschleuseThe magazine lock

Gemäss Fig. 5 ist zwischen einer Schottwand 49 und dem Magazincontainer 17 die Falltüre 25 verschiebbar in zwei nich vorstehenden, in der Zeichnung nicht sichtbaren Führungen angeordnet. Mit der Dichtung 26 zusammen weist die Falltüre 25 ein merkliches Spiel gegenüber der Schottwand 49 auf. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Schottwand 49 ist der Betätigungszylinder 27 befestigt, der zum Heben und Senken der Falltüre 25 dient. Eine aus dem Betätigungszylinder herausragende Kolbenstange 50 ist am unteren Ende der Falltüre 25 befestigt. Die Abdichtung 26 wird bei Ueberdruck im Magazinraum wirksam. Sie besteht aus einer endlosen, nicht brennbaren Dichtungsschnur. Bei Ueberdruck im Magazinraum wird die Falltüre 25 mit der daran befestigten Dichtung 26 gegen die Schottwand 49 gepresst. Die Anordnung des Betätigungszylinders 27 im Mannschaftsraum wurde aus Gründen der Zugänglichkeit gewählt.5, the trap door 25 is slidably arranged between two bulkhead 49 and the magazine container 17 in two not protruding guides that are not visible in the drawing. Together with the seal 26, the trap door 25 has a noticeable play in relation to the bulkhead 49. On the opposite side of the bulkhead 49, the actuating cylinder 27 is fastened, which serves to raise and lower the trap door 25. A piston rod 50 protruding from the actuating cylinder is attached to the lower end of the trap door 25. The seal 26 is effective at excess pressure in the magazine room. It consists of an endless, non-flammable sealing cord. If there is excess pressure in the magazine room, the trap door 25 with the seal 26 attached to it is pressed against the bulkhead 49. The arrangement of the actuating cylinder 27 in the team room was chosen for reasons of accessibility.

Die Uebergabestation (Ausziehvorrichtung, Schwenkvorrichtung, Drehtisch)The transfer station (pull-out device, swivel device, turntable)

Gemäss Fig. 6 und 7 weist die Ausziehvorrichtung 28 einen Transportwagen 51 mit einem Ausziehkopf 52 sowie einen Stützwagen 53 auf. In Fig. 6 sind Transportwagen 51, Ausziehkopf 52 und Stützwagen 53 sowohl in ihrer hintersten Endstellung ganz rechts gezeigt, wobei der Ausziehkopf 52 durch die Schottwand 49 hindurch ragt, als auch in ihrer vordersten Endstellung ganz links. In dieser Stellung sind die Teile mit 51', 52' und 53' bezeichnet. In der hintersten Endstellung stösst der Stützwagen 53 gegen eine Führungsbahnkonsole 54 und der .Transportwagen 51 gelangt unter Zusammendrücken einer Feder dicht vor den Stützwagen. In der vordersten Stellung des Transportwagens 51' ist diese Feder entspannt und der Stützwagen 53' befindet sich in etwas grösserem Abstand hinter dem Transportwagen 51' direkt unter dem Geschoss 14.6 and 7, the pull-out device 28 has a transport carriage 51 with a pull-out head 52 and a support carriage 53. In Fig. 6, the trolley 51, pull-out head 52 and support trolley 53 are shown both in their rearmost end position on the far right, the pull-out head 52 protruding through the bulkhead 49, and in their frontmost end position on the far left. In this position, the parts are designated 51 ', 52' and 53 '. In the rearmost end position, the support carriage 53 abuts against a guideway bracket 54 and the transport carriage 51 comes close to the support carriage by compressing a spring. In the foremost position of the transport carriage 51 ', this spring is relaxed and the support carriage 53' is located at a somewhat greater distance behind the trolley 51 'directly under the floor 14.

Sowohl der Transportwagen 51 als auch der Stützwagen 53 sind auf zwei Führungsstangen 55 und 56 verschiebbar geführt. Eine endlose Kette 57, die über zwei Kettenräder 58 und 59 gespannt ist, dient zum Verschieben des Transportwagens 51 und des Stützwagens 53. Zu diesem Zweck ist der Transportwagen 51 an der endlosen Kette 57 angelenkt. Der Ausziehkopf 52 besitzt Ausziehkrallen 61, welche bei der Rückwärtsbewegung beim Erfassen des Geschosses gleichzeitig die Halteklauen 48 im Köcher 24 öffnen (Fig. 4 und 5).Both the transport carriage 51 and the support carriage 53 are slidably guided on two guide rods 55 and 56. An endless chain 57, which is stretched over two sprockets 58 and 59, is used to move the transport carriage 51 and the support carriage 53. For this purpose, the transport carriage 51 is articulated on the endless chain 57. The pull-out head 52 has pull-out claws 61 which at the same time open the holding claws 48 in the case 24 during the backward movement when the projectile is gripped (FIGS. 4 and 5).

Gemäss Fig. 6, 8, 8a und 9 weist die Schwenkvotrichtung 29 einen Lagerbock 62 (Fig.9) und eine Konsole 54 (Fig. 6) auf. In diesem Lagerbock 62 und in der Konsole 54 (Fig. 6) ist die eine Führungsstange 56 an ihren beiden Enden gelagert. Zwei Schwenkarme 63 (Fig. 6) sind in ihrem mittleren Teil auf der Führungsstange 56 schwenkbar gelagert und tragen an ihrem linken Ende (Fig. 8a) die andere Führungsstange 55. Am rechten Ende des einen Schwenkarmes 63 ist ein Betätigungszylinder 64 angelenkt, der seinerseits an einem ortsfesten Lagerbock 65 angelenkt ist. Mit Hilfe des Hubzylinders 64 kann somit die eine Führungsstange 55 um die andere Führungsstange 56 geschwenkt werden, wobei der auf den Führungsstangen 55 und 56 geführte Transportwagen 51 und der Stützwagen 53 mitgeschwenkt werden. Durch diese Schwenkbewegung des Transportwagens 51 wird gemäss Fig. 8 das aus dem Magazin 10 herausgezogene Geschoss 14 aus seiner unteren Stellung 14' in seine obere Stellung 14" gehoben. In dieser oberen Stellung 14" gelangt es in den weiter unten beschriebenen Drehtisch.6, 8, 8a and 9, the pivoting direction 29 has a bearing block 62 (FIG. 9) and a bracket 54 (FIG. 6). In this bearing block 62 and in the bracket 54 (Fig. 6), a guide rod 56 is supported at both ends. Two swivel arms 63 (FIG. 6) are pivotably mounted in their central part on the guide rod 56 and carry the other guide rod 55 at their left end (FIG. 8a). At the right end of the one swivel arm 63 an actuating cylinder 64 is articulated, which in turn is hinged to a fixed bearing block 65. With the aid of the lifting cylinder 64, the one guide rod 55 can thus be pivoted about the other guide rod 56, the transport carriage 51 and the support carriage 53 guided on the guide rods 55 and 56 also being pivoted. 8, the projectile 14 pulled out of the magazine 10 is lifted from its lower position 14 'into its upper position 14 ". In this upper position 14" it reaches the turntable described below.

Gemäss Fig. 6, 7 und 8 weist der Drehtisch 30 einen Drehteller 66 auf, an dem ein Zahnkranz 67 befestigt ist, der mit einem Zahnrad 68 in Eingriff steht. Das Zahnrad 68 wird von einem Hydromotor 69 (Fig. 7) angetrieben. Der Hydromotor 69 ist an der Schottwand 49 mit Hilfe einer Stütze 70 befestigt (Fig. 6). Am Drehteller 66 sind zur Aufnahme von zwei Geschossen 14 je vier Lagerböcke 71, 72 mit Haltesternen 73 angeordnet (Fig. 8), wobei die beiden Aufnahmestellen aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich sind.6, 7 and 8, the turntable 30 has a turntable 66 to which a ring gear 67 is fastened, which meshes with a gear 68. The gear 68 is driven by a hydraulic motor 69 (FIG. 7). The hydraulic motor 69 is fastened to the bulkhead 49 with the aid of a support 70 (FIG. 6). On the turntable 66, four bearing blocks 71, 72 with retaining stars 73 are arranged to accommodate two storeys 14 (FIG. 8), the two receiving points being shown in FIG. 2.

Die von der Schwenkvorrichtung 29 dem Drehtisch 30 übergebenen Geschosse 14 können zur Uebergabe an die Hubeinrichtung 31 durch Drehen des Drehtellers 66 um 90° geschwenkt werden. Aus Fig. 2 und 3 ist ersichtlich, dass jedem Magazincontainer 17 eine separate Ausziehvorrichtung 28 sowie eine separate Schwenkvorrichtung 29 zugeordnet ist. Hingegen ist für beide Magazincontainer 17 nur ein gemeinsamer Drehtisch 30 vorhanden, der jedoch für jeden Magazincontainer 17 eine separate Aufnahmestelle für die Geschosse 14 aufweist. Es ist ferner eine nicht dargestellte Axialfixierung der Geschosse 14 am Drehteller 66 vorhanden, welche verhindert, dass sich die Geschosse 14 bei der Drehung des Drehtisches 30 in Achsrichtung verschieben können.The projectiles 14 transferred from the swivel device 29 to the turntable 30 can be swiveled through 90 ° for transfer to the lifting device 31 by rotating the turntable 66. 2 and 3 it can be seen that each magazine container 17 is assigned a separate pull-out device 28 and a separate swivel device 29. In contrast, there is only one common turntable 30 for both magazine containers 17, which, however, has a separate receiving point for the storeys 14 for each magazine container 17. There is also an axial fixing, not shown, of the projectiles 14 on the turntable 66, which prevents the projectiles 14 from shifting in the axial direction when the turntable 30 is rotated.

Die dem Drehtisch 30 von unten zugeführten Geschosse 14 können von oben durch die noch zu beschreibende Hubeinrichtung 31 erfasst werden.The floors 14 fed to the turntable 30 from below can be grasped from above by the lifting device 31 to be described.

Die MunitionszuführvorrichtungThe ammunition feeder

Gemäss Fig. 10 weist die Hubeinrichtung 31 eine Säule 74 auf, welche mit ihrem oberen Ende am Turmdach 75 und mit ihrem unteren Ende über eine Konsole 76 am Boden 77 des Turmkorbes befestigt ist. Diese Säule 74 weist eine Rund- und Flachführung auf zur Führung eines Schlittens 78. Auf der Flachführung der Säule 74 ist eine Zahnstange 79 einstellbar befestigt. Zum Heben und Senken des Schlittens 78 ist am unteren Ende der Säule 74 ein Hydraulikmotor 80 befestigt, der eine Kette 81 antreibt. Diese Kette 81 ist über ein am oberen Ende der Säule 74 befestigtes Kettenrad 82 geführt und mit ihren beiden Enden am Schlitten 78 befestigt. Am unteren Ende des Schlittens 78 ist die Ladeschale 32 schwenkbar befestigt. Diese Ladeschale 32 wird gemäss Fig. 11 mit Hilfe eines Elektromotors 83 und einem Getriebe 84 um eine Achse 85 gedreht, welche in der untersten Stellung des Schlittens 78 senkrecht steht. Das Getriebe 84 mit dem Elektromotor 83 ist an einer horizontalen Achse 86 (Fig. 10 und 10a) befestigt, welche am unteren Ende des Schlittens 78 drehbar gelagert ist. Auf der Achse 86 ist ein Kettenrad 87 befestigt, das über eine Kette 88 ein zweites Kettenrad 89 und über drei Zahnräder 90, 91, 92 von der erwähnten Zahnstange 79 angetrieben wird, wenn sich der Schlitten 78 auf der Säule 74 auf-oder abwärts bewegt.According to FIG. 10, the lifting device 31 has a column 74, which is fastened with its upper end to the tower roof 75 and with its lower end via a bracket 76 to the bottom 77 of the tower cage. This column 74 has a round and flat guide for guiding a slide 78. A toothed rack 79 is fastened on the flat guide of the column 74 in an adjustable manner. A hydraulic motor 80, which drives a chain 81, is attached to the lower end of the column 74 in order to raise and lower the slide 78. This chain 81 is guided over a chain wheel 82 fastened to the upper end of the column 74 and fastened with its two ends to the slide 78. At the lower end of the carriage 78, the charging cradle 32 is pivotally attached. 11, with the aid of an electric motor 83 and a gear 84, this charging cradle 32 is rotated about an axis 85 which is vertical in the lowest position of the slide 78. The gear 84 with the electric motor 83 is fastened to a horizontal axis 86 (FIGS. 10 and 10a) which is rotatably mounted at the lower end of the slide 78. A sprocket 87 is fastened on the axis 86, which is driven by a chain 88, a second sprocket 89 and by three toothed wheels 90, 91, 92 from the aforementioned rack 79 when the carriage 78 moves up or down on the column 74 .

Gemäss Fig. 10 und 10a kann mit Hilfe des Schlittens 78 das Geschoss 14 aus Stellung 14, zuerst durch den Boden 77 des Turmkorbes gehoben und mit Hilfe des Elektromotors 83 um 90° in die Stellung 142 um die vertikale Achse 85 geschwenkt werden. Gemäss Fig. 10 kann mit Hilfe des Schlittens 78 das Geschoss 14 aus Stellung 142 in Stellung 143 angehoben werden und dann mit Hilfe der Zahnstange 79, den drei Zahnrädern 92, 91 und 90 und dem Kettenantrieb 89, 88, 87 das Geschoss 14 um die horizontale Achse 86 aus seiner unteren horizontalen Stellung 143 um 180° in die obere horizontale Stellung 144 geschwenkt werden.10 and 10a, with the help of the slide 78, the projectile 14 can be lifted out of position 14, first through the bottom 77 of the tower cage and, with the help of the electric motor 83, pivoted through 90 ° into position 14 2 about the vertical axis 85. 10, the projectile 14 can be raised from position 14 2 to position 14 3 with the aid of the slide 78 and then the projectile 14 with the aid of the toothed rack 79, the three toothed wheels 92, 91 and 90 and the chain drive 89, 88, 87 can be pivoted about the horizontal axis 86 from its lower horizontal position 14 3 by 180 ° into the upper horizontal position 14 4 .

Gemäss Fig. 11 und 12 weist die Ladeschale 32 eine Aufnahmeschale 93 auf, welche durch zwei Spanten 94 und 95 versteift ist. Die Versteifungsspanten 94, 95 sind durch Längsrippen 96 mit dem Drehlager 97 verbunden. An den beiden Enden der beiden Spanten 94 und 95 sind Halteklammern 98 und 99 schwenkbar angelenkt, die zum Halten des Geschosses 14 in radialer und axialer Richtung dienen. Ferner sind Mittel vorhanden, um die vier Halteklammern 98 und 99 in ihrer Haltestellung festzuhalten. Diese Mittel bestehen aus zwei Schaltwellen 100 und 101, die .in den beiden Versteifungsspanten 94, 95 und in zwei Stützlagern 102 und 103 geführt sind. Eine Druckfeder 104 hat das Bestreben, die Schaltwelle 100 bzw. 101 nach links zu schieben. Diese Druckfeder stützt sich einerseits an der Schaltwelle 100, 101 und anderseits am Stützlager 103 ab. An jeder Schaltwelle 100, 101 sind zwei Schalthebel 105, 106 angelenkt. Diese Schalthebel 105 und 106 sind in ihrer Mitte schwenkbar gelagert und weisen an ihrem unteren Ende (in Fig. 11) Schaltnocken 107 und 108 auf, welche mit den Halteklammern 98 und 99 zusammenwirken. Zu diesem Zweck sind an den Schaltnocken 107 und 108 Vorsprünge vorhanden, welche in entsprechende Aussparungen in den Halteklammern 98 und 99 eindringen können.11 and 12, the charging cradle 32 has a receiving cradle 93 which is stiffened by two frames 94 and 95. The stiffening ribs 94, 95 are connected to the rotary bearing 97 by longitudinal ribs 96. At the two ends of the two frames 94 and 95 holding brackets 98 and 99 are pivoted, which serve to hold the projectile 14 in the radial and axial directions. Means are also provided for holding the four holding clips 98 and 99 in their holding position. These means consist of two switching shafts 100 and 101 which are guided in the two stiffening ribs 94, 95 and in two support bearings 102 and 103. A compression spring 104 tends to switch shaft 100 or 101 to the left. This compression spring is supported on the one hand on the selector shaft 100, 101 and on the other hand on the support bearing 103. Two shift levers 105, 106 are articulated on each shift shaft 100, 101. These switching levers 105 and 106 are pivotally mounted in their center and have switching cams 107 and 108 at their lower end (in FIG. 11), which interact with the holding clips 98 and 99. For this purpose, there are projections on the switching cams 107 and 108, which can penetrate into corresponding recesses in the holding brackets 98 and 99.

Der AnsetzerThe piecer

Gemäss Fig. 10 weist der Ansetzer 33 einen Köcher 109 auf zur Aufnahme der Geschosse 14 aus Stellung 144. Der Köcher 109 ist an einer Kolbenstange 110 befestigt, welche in einen Antriebszylinder 111 hineinragt. Der Ansetzköcher 109 ist rohrförmig gefertigt, er ist am Umfang entsprechend der Anzahl der Ausziehklauen geschlitzt. Der Antriebszylinder 111 ist an einer Konsole 112 befestigt, welche ihrerseits am Turmkorb befestigt ist. Dieser Antrieb besteht aus einem doppelwirkenden, zweistufigen Teleskopzylinder.10, the piecing device 33 has a quiver 109 for receiving the projectiles 14 from position 14 4 . The quiver 109 is fastened to a piston rod 110 which projects into a drive cylinder 111. The attachment case 109 is made tubular, it is slotted on the circumference in accordance with the number of extraction claws. The drive cylinder 111 is attached to a bracket 112, which in turn is attached to the tower cage. This drive consists of a double-acting, two-stage telescopic cylinder.

Die HülsenfangvorrichtungThe sleeve catcher

Gemäss Fig. 13 besteht die Hülsenfangvorrichtung 112 aus einem Ableitkanal 113, der teleskopartig ausziehbar ist und einem Gelenkstück 114, das die Bewegung der Waffenlafette 116 mitmacht. Am Gelenkstück 114 ist ein Fangkasten 115 befestigt, der sich in der Waffenmitte hinter dem Rücklaufbereich befindet. Der Ableitkanal 113 besitzt einen hochkant stehenden Rechteckquerschnitt, in dem die ausgeworfenen Hülsenstummel aufrechtstehend Platz finden. Unterhalb der Feuerwaffe 15 ist ein Auffangkasten 117 angeordnet und ist in seiner Grösse dem zur Verfügung stehenden Einbauvolumen angepasst. Der Ableitkanal 113 ist mit seinem unteren Ende schwenkbar am Auffangkasten 117 angelenkt. Beim Laden des Rohres muss der Fangkasten 115 in die Stellung 115' hochgeschwenkt werden, um der Ladeschale 32 (Fig. 11) mit dem Geschoss 14 Platz zu machen. Dazu greift eine auf dem Hubschlitten befestigte, in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellte Steuernocke in die Führung des Fangkastens 115 ein und drückt diese mit dem Fangkasten nach oben. Wenn die Munition angesetzt ist und der Hubschlitten wieder gesenkt wird, gelangt auch der Fangkasten in seine Ausgangslage.13, the sleeve catching device 112 consists of a discharge channel 113 which can be telescopically extended and a joint piece 114 which follows the movement of the weapon mount 116. A catch box 115 is attached to the joint piece 114 and is located in the middle of the weapon behind the return area. The discharge channel 113 has an upright rectangular cross section, in which the ejected sleeve stubs find an upright place. A collection box 117 is arranged below the firearm 15 and its size is adapted to the available installation volume. The lower end of the discharge channel 113 is pivotally connected to the collecting box 117. When loading the pipe, the catch box 115 must be swiveled up to the position 115 'in order to make room for the charging shell 32 (FIG. 11) with the projectile 14. For this purpose, a control cam, not shown in the drawing, attached to the lifting slide engages in the guide of the catch box 115 and presses it up with the catch box. When the ammunition is put on and the lifting carriage is lowered again, the catch box also returns to its starting position.

Die Wirkungsweise des beschriebenen Ladeautomaten ist wie folgt :

  • Zum Einfüllen von Geschossen 14 in die beiden Munitionscontainer 17 des Munitionsmagazins 10 werden zuerst die beiden Munitionsluken 42 im Wannendach geöffnet, anschliessend werden die im Bereich dieser Munitionsluken 42 befindlichen Munitionsköcher 24 geöffnet, d.h. die beiden Teile 32' und 32" des Verschlussdeckels werden nach rechts und links hochgeschwenkt, wie dies aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist. Jetzt können gleichzeitig vier Geschosse 14 in die beiden Köcher 24 des einen und in die beiden Köcher 24 des anderen Munitionscontainers 17 eingelegt werden. Damit die erwähnten Munitionsluken 42 zugänglich sind, ist es notwendig, den Panzerturm 16 mit der Feuerwaffe 15 in die geeignete Stellung zu schwenken. Die Verschlussdeckel 32', 32" der Köcher 24 können vom Wannendach aus geöffnet werden.
The automatic vending machine described works as follows:
  • To fill projectiles 14 into the two ammunition containers 17 of the ammunition magazine 10, the two ammunition hatches 42 in the tub roof are first opened, then the ammunition quiver 24 located in the area of these ammunition hatches 42 are opened, ie the two parts 32 ′ and 32 ″ of the closure lid are turned to the right and pivoted up to the left, as can be seen from Fig. 4. Now four storeys 14 can be inserted simultaneously into the two quivers 24 of one and into the two quivers 24 of the other ammunition container 17. In order for the ammunition hatches 42 mentioned to be accessible, it is necessary to pivot the armored turret 16 into the appropriate position with the firearm 15. The closure caps 32 ', 32 "of the quiver 24 can be opened from the tub roof.

Wie aus Fig. 5 ersichtlich ist, werden die Geschosse 14 mit dem Patronenhülsenboden schräg nach unten in die Ladeschale 32 des Munitionsköchers 24 eingelegt und können so weit vorgeschoben werden, bis sie in die Halteklauen des Köchers 24 einrasten. Anschliessend kann auch die Patronenspitze eingelegt werden. Dann wird der verschlussdekkel 32', 32" des Köchers 24 geschlossen und die Bandkette 23 um eine Teilung weiter bewegt. Dieser Vorgang wiederholt sich bis beide Magazincontainer 17 gefüllt sind. Es können verschiedene Munitionsarten in beliebiger Reihenfolge und Stückzahl in die Köcher 24 eingesetzt werden. Die Einfüllstelle und die Entnahmestelle sind so angeordnet, dass wenn sich ein Köcher 24 der Bandkette 23 in Einfüllstellung befindet, zugleich ein anderer Köcher 24 in der Entnahmestellung ist. Es sind Taster vorgesehen, welche die im Bereich der Ausziehstellung vorliegende Munitionsart oder den leeren Köcher 24 abtasten. Der Magazinantrieb 18 ermöglicht es, in beiden Förderrichtungen die vorgewählte Munitionsart in die Ausziehstellung zu bringen.As can be seen from FIG. 5, the projectiles 14 are inserted with the cartridge case bottom obliquely downward into the charging shell 32 of the ammunition case 24 and can be advanced until they snap into the holding claws of the case 24. The cartridge tip can then also be inserted. Then the closure lid 32 ', 32 "of the case 24 is closed and the belt chain 23 is moved one division further. This process is repeated until both magazine containers 17 are filled. Different types of ammunition can be inserted into the case 24 in any order and number of pieces. The filling point and the removal point are arranged in such a way that when a quiver 24 of the belt chain 23 is in the filling position, another quiver 24 is in the removal position at the same time The magazine drive 18 makes it possible to bring the preselected type of ammunition into the extended position in both conveying directions.

Bei Notbetrieb wird durch Oeffnen eines Deckels im oberen Bereich der Schottwand 49 eine Köcherstellung zugänglich. Durch die Deckelöffnung wird eine Handkurbel auf eine Antriebswelle 19, 20 gesteckt und durch Drehen die gewünschte Munitionsart 14 in Ausziehposition gebracht. Zur Entnahme der Geschosse 14 müssen die Halteklauen am Köcher 24 manuell überbrückt werden.In emergency operation, a quiver position is accessible by opening a cover in the upper area of the bulkhead 49. A hand crank is placed on a drive shaft 19, 20 through the lid opening and the desired type of ammunition 14 is brought into the extended position by turning. To remove the projectiles 14, the holding claws on the quiver 24 must be bridged manually.

Die Magazinschleuse 11 soll bei Explosionen im Munitionsraum Hitze und Druck vom Mannschaftsraum fernhalten. Bevor ein Geschoss 14 aus dem in Ausziehstellung befindlichen Munitionsköcher 24 entnommen werden kann, muss die sonst geschlossene Magazinschleuse 11 geöffnet werden.The magazine lock 11 is intended to keep heat and pressure away from the crew room in the event of explosions in the ammunition room. Before a projectile 14 can be removed from the ammunition holder 24 which is in the extended position, the otherwise closed magazine lock 11 must be opened.

Durch die Ausziehvorrichtung wird ein Endschalter betätigt, wodurch der Betätigungszylinder 27 die Falltüre 25 anhebt. Sobald die Patrone vollständig herausgezogen ist, wird die Magazinschleuse 11 geschlossen. Die Ausziehvorrichtung 28 wird durch einen Steuerimpuls ausgelöst und der Transportwagen 51 zusammen mit dem Stützwagen 53 bewegen sich aus ihrer Ausgangsstellung 51', 53' nach hinten gegen das Magazin 10 in die Stellung 51, 53, sobald die Magazinschleuse 11 geöffnet ist. Der Stützwagen 53 wird durch die Kraft der nicht dargestellten Feder nach hinten geschoben, bis er an der Führungsbahnkonsole 43 anstösst. Durch diese Verschiebung wird die Klemmvorrichtung am Köcher 24 so weit gelöst, dass das Geschoss während des Ausziehvorgangs nicht berührt wird. Der Transportwagen 51 drückt die erwähnte Feder gegen den Stützwagen 53 und der Ausziehkopf 52 dringt in den Magazincontainer 17 hinein. Die Ausziehkrallen 61 öffnen während des Eindringens die Axialfixierungen, welche das Geschoss 14 im Köcher 24 halten. Die Ausziehkrallen rasten schliesslich selbst im Hülsenboden des Geschosses 14 ein.A limit switch is actuated by the pull-out device, as a result of which the actuating cylinder 27 lifts the trap door 25. As soon as the cartridge has been pulled out completely, the magazine lock 11 is closed. The pull-out device 28 is triggered by a control pulse and the transport carriage 51 together with the support carriage 53 move from their initial position 51 ', 53' backwards against the magazine 10 into the position 51, 53 as soon as the magazine lock 11 is open. The support carriage 53 is pushed back by the force of the spring, not shown, until he hits the guideway bracket 43. As a result of this displacement, the clamping device on the quiver 24 is loosened to such an extent that the projectile is not touched during the extraction process. The transport carriage 51 presses the spring mentioned against the support carriage 53 and the pull-out head 52 penetrates into the magazine container 17. The pull-out claws 61 open the axial fixations during the penetration, which hold the projectile 14 in the quiver 24. The pull-out claws finally snap into the base of the floor 14 itself.

Mit dem Erreichen der hintersten Stellung wird das Signal für den Vorlauf ausgelöst. Der Kettenantrieb 57, 58, 59 wird umgeschaltet und zieht den Transportwagen 51 nach vorne in seine Ausgangslage 51'. Der Stützwagen 53 folgt mit einstellbarem Abstand nach und gelangt unter das herausgezogene Geschoss 14. Gleichzeitig mit dem Anfahren des Stützwagens wird die Fixierung des Geschosses gelöst. Mit dem Erreichen der Ausgangsposition wird der Transportwagen 51 durch nicht dargestellte Mittel formschlüssig arretiert, damit durch Fahrzeugbewegungen keine unkontrollierten Verschiebungen stattfinden können. Beim Erreichen der Ausgangsposition wird ein Signal für den nächsten Vorgang erzeugt.The signal for the advance is triggered when the rearmost position is reached. The chain drive 57, 58, 59 is switched over and pulls the transport carriage 51 forward into its starting position 51 '. The support carriage 53 follows at an adjustable distance and comes under the pulled-out storey 14. Simultaneously with the approach of the support carriage, the fixation of the storey is released. When the starting position is reached, the transport carriage 51 is positively locked by means not shown, so that no uncontrolled displacements can take place due to vehicle movements. When the starting position is reached, a signal for the next process is generated.

Wenn sich der Drehtisch 30 mit seiner freien Aufnahmestelle über der Ausziehvorrichtung befindet, kann die Schwenkvorrichtung 29 betätigt werden und die Uebergabe des Geschosses 14 vom Transportwagen 51 an den Drehtisch 30 durchgeführt werden. Zu diesem Zweck wird der Hubzylinder 64 aktiviert und schwenkt den Transportwagen 51 sowie den Stützwagen 53 mit dem darauf befindlichen Geschoss 14 um die Führungsachse 56 nach oben. Das Geschoss 14 gelangt dabei zwischen die beiden Haltesterne 73 und wird von diesen festgehalten. Gleichzeitig wird die Radialfixierung des Stützwagens 33 gelöst. Sobald sich das Geschoss 14 zwischen den Haitesternen 73 des Drehtisches 30 befindet, gelangt die Schwenkvorrichtung 29 wieder in ihre Ausgangslage zurück, d.h. Transportwagen 51 und Stützwagen 53 werden in entgegengesetzter Richtung um die Führungsachse 56 geschwenkt. Sobald dieser Vorgang beendet ist, kann der nächste Schritt eingeleitet werden, nämlich die Drehung des Drehtisches 30.When the turntable 30 with its free receiving point is located above the pull-out device, the swivel device 29 can be actuated and the projectile 14 can be transferred from the transport carriage 51 to the turntable 30. For this purpose, the lifting cylinder 64 is activated and swivels the transport carriage 51 and the support carriage 53 with the projectile 14 located thereon upward about the guide axis 56. The projectile 14 reaches between the two holding stars 73 and is held by them. At the same time, the radial fixation of the support carriage 33 is released. As soon as the projectile 14 is located between the half-stars 73 of the turntable 30, the swiveling device 29 returns to its starting position, i.e. Transport carriage 51 and support carriage 53 are pivoted in the opposite direction about the guide axis 56. As soon as this process has ended, the next step can be initiated, namely the rotation of the turntable 30.

Die beschriebene Uebergabe des Geschosses 14 an die Aufnahmestelle des Drehtisches 30 zwischen die Haltesterne 73 kann nur in einer bestimmten, als Indexstellung bezeichneten Stellung des Drehtisches 30 erfolgen. Die Indexstellung wird durch nicht dargestellte Endschalter gesteuert. Nachdem das von der Schwenkvorrichtung 29 hochgehobene und zwischen die Haltesterne 73 des Drehtisches 30 gedrückte Geschoss vom Stützwagen 53 freigegeben wurde, kann der Drehtisch 30 gedreht werden. Die Haltesterne 73 lassen sich durch eine geeignete, hier nicht dargestellte, Rücklaufsperre nur in einer Richtung drehen, um zu verhindern, dass das Geschoss in unbeabsichtigter Weise herunterfällt. Die Aufnahmestelle des Drehtisches 30 weist auch Mittel auf, um das Geschoss 14 in axialer Richtung festzuhalten. In den beiden Aufnahmestellen des Drehtisches 30 können sich zwei verschiedenartige Geschosse 14 befinden. Je nachdem welche Geschossart benötigt wird, kann der Drehtisch 30 im einen oder anderen Drehsinne geschwenkt werden, um der Feuerwaffe die eine oder andere Geschossart zuzuführen. Sobald die gewünschte Munitionsart bestimmt ist, wird der Drehtisch 30 vom Hydromotor 69 über das Zahnrad 68 und den Zahnkranz 67 gedreht, bis er in die Indexstellung gegenüber dem Panzerturm 16 gelangt.The described transfer of the projectile 14 to the receiving point of the turntable 30 between the holding stars 73 can only take place in a certain position of the turntable 30 referred to as the index position. The index position is controlled by limit switches, not shown. After the projectile lifted by the swivel device 29 and pushed between the holding stars 73 of the rotary table 30 by the support carriage 53, the rotary table 30 can be rotated. The holding stars 73 can only be rotated in one direction by a suitable backstop, not shown here, in order to prevent the projectile from falling inadvertently. The location of the turntable 30 also has means to hold the projectile 14 in the axial direction. Two different types of projectiles 14 can be located in the two receiving points of the turntable 30. Depending on the type of projectile required, the turntable 30 can be pivoted in one or the other sense of rotation in order to supply the firearm with one or the other type of projectile. As soon as the desired type of ammunition has been determined, the turntable 30 is rotated by the hydraulic motor 69 via the gear 68 and the ring gear 67 until it reaches the index position opposite the armored turret 16.

Sobald der Drehtisch 30 seine zweite Indexstellung erreicht hat, senkt sich die Ladeschale 32 und bewegt sich durch den Turmboden 77 hindurch bis auf das am Drehtisch 30 befestigte Geschoss 14 und die Halteklammern 98, 99 (Fig. 12) ergreifen dieses Geschoss 14. Beim Herausziehen - des Geschosses 14 aus den Haltesternen 73 des Drehtisches 30 rasten die Drehsterne 73 um einen Schritt weiter und gelangen so wieder in Aufnahmestellung. Sobald das Geschoss 14 in der Ladeschale 32 gehalten ist, wird der Schlitten 78 der Hubeinrichtung 31 auf der Säule 74 angehoben, bis sich das quer zur Feuerwaffe 15 stehende Geschoss 14 oberhalb des Turmbodens 77 befindet. Nun kann die Ladeschale 32 um die Achse 85 geschwenkt werden, bis das Geschoss 14 die Stellung 143 parallel zur Feuerwaffe 15 gemäss Fig. 10 erreicht hat. Nach der Entnahme des Geschosses 14 aus dem Drehtisch 30 wird dieser wieder in seine erste Indexstellung zurückgeschwenkt und ist damit zur Aufnahme eines weiteren Geschosses 14 von der Schwenkvorrichtung 29 bereit. Beim weiteren Anheben des Schlittens 78 auf der Säule 74 bewegt sich das Geschoss 14 aus der Stellung 142 (Fig. 10) parallel zu sich selbst in die Stellung 143. Bei der Aufwärtsbewegung des Schlittens 78 auf der Säule 74 gelangt das Zahnrad 91 in Eingriff mit der Zahnstange 79 und beginnt sich zu drehen, wodurch das Geschoss 14 aus der Stellung 143 gehoben und um 180° geschwenkt wird, bis es in die Stellung 144 gelangt ist.As soon as the turntable 30 has reached its second index position, the charging cradle 32 lowers and moves through the tower base 77 to the projectile 14 fastened to the turntable 30 and the holding clips 98, 99 (FIG. 12) grip this projectile 14 when it is pulled out - Of the projectile 14 from the holding stars 73 of the turntable 30, the rotating stars 73 snap one step further and thus return to the receiving position. As soon as the projectile 14 is held in the charging cradle 32, the slide 78 of the lifting device 31 is raised on the column 74 until the projectile 14, which is transverse to the firearm 15, is above the turret base 77. Now the charging cradle 32 can be pivoted about the axis 85 until the projectile 14 has reached the position 14 3 parallel to the firearm 15 according to FIG. 10. After the projectile 14 has been removed from the turntable 30, the latter is pivoted back into its first index position and is thus ready to receive another projectile 14 from the pivoting device 29. When the carriage 78 is further raised on the column 74, the projectile 14 moves from the position 14 2 (FIG. 10) parallel to itself into the position 14 3 . During the upward movement of the slide 78 on the column 74, the gear 91 engages with the rack 79 and begins to rotate, whereby the projectile 14 is lifted out of position 14 3 and pivoted through 180 ° until it reaches position 14 4 has arrived.

Wenn das Geschoss 14 die Stellung 144 erreicht hat, wird der Ansetzer 33 betätigt und dieser schiebt das Geschoss 14 in das Rohr der Feuerwaffe 15.When the projectile 14 has reached the position 14 4 , the piecing device 33 is actuated and this pushes the projectile 14 into the barrel of the firearm 15.

Bei der Munitionszuführung ist zwischen Erstschuss und Folgeschuss zu unterscheiden.When feeding ammunition, a distinction must be made between first shot and subsequent shot.

Beim Erstschuss ist die Ausgangslage die Wartestellung der Ladeschale 32 mit dem Geschoss 14 in Stellung 143 (Fig. 10). Die Ladeschale 32 ist auf die Mitte der Feuerwaffe 15 ausgerichtet und befindet sich in Ueberkopfstellung, d.h. mit der offenen Schalenseite nach unten. Die Feuerwaffe 15 befindet sich in Indexstellung 0°. Wenn die Munitionsart gewählt ist und während der Drehtisch 30 in seine Uebergabeposition, d.h. in die zweite Indexstellung geschwenkt wird, wird . gleichzeitig die Ladeschale 32 um die Achse 85 um 90° durch den Motor 83 in die erforderliche Richtung geschwenkt. Haben sowohl der Drehtisch 30 als auch die Ladeschale 32 ihre Stellung erreicht, senkt sich die Ladeschale 32 durch das Absenken des Schlittens 78 nach unten in die Entnahmestellung. Die geöffneten Halteklammern 98, 99 (Fig. 12) werden durch ortsfeste Anschläge betätigt und schliessen sich. Die Schaltnocken 108 (Fig. 11) rasten in Aussparungen der Halteklammern 98, 99 ein. Das Geschoss 14 ist somit axial und radial gegen Verschiebung in der Ladeschale 32 gesichert. Die Ladeschale 32 gelangt wieder in die erwähnte Wartestellung und um .90° gedreht, bis sie parallel zur Feuerwaffe 15 gerichtet ist. Anschliessend wird das Geschoss 14 angehoben. Wenn der Schlitten 78 sich auf der Säule 14 aufwärts bewegt, gelangt das Zahnrad 91 in Eingriff mit der Zahnstange 79 und schwenkt über die Zahnräder 92 und 90 sowie über Kettenrad 89, Kette 88 und Kettenrad 87 die Ladeschale um 180°. Die Ladeschale 32 ist nun mit ihrer offenen Seite nach oben gerichtet und ragt mit ihrem vorderen Teil in die Feuerwaffe 15. Dies ist die Ansetzstellung und der Ansetzvorgang beginnt. Nachdem der Ansetzer 33 den Vorlaufweg zurückgelegt hat, stösst der Köcher 109 gegen die Steuernocken der Ladeschale 32, wodurch die Schaltnocken 107 und 108 (Fig. 11) ausrasten und die Halteklauen 98, 99 sich durch Federkraft öffnen.With the first shot, the starting position is the waiting position of the charging cradle 32 with the projectile 14 in position 14 3 (FIG. 10). The loading tray 32 is aligned with the center of the firearm 15 and is located in the overhead position, ie with the open Schalense i th down. The firearm 15 is in the index position 0 °. If the type of ammunition is selected and the turntable 30 is pivoted into its transfer position, ie into the second index position. at the same time the charging cradle 32 is pivoted about the axis 85 by 90 ° by the motor 83 in the required direction. Do both of the Turntable 30 and the charging cradle 32 reach their position, the charging cradle 32 lowers down into the removal position by lowering the slide 78. The open retaining clips 98, 99 (FIG. 12) are actuated by stationary stops and close. The switching cams 108 (FIG. 11) snap into recesses in the holding clips 98, 99. The projectile 14 is thus axially and radially secured against displacement in the charging cradle 32. The charging cradle 32 returns to the waiting position mentioned and rotated by .90 ° until it is directed parallel to the firearm 15. Then floor 14 is raised. When the carriage 78 moves upwards on the column 14, the gear 91 engages with the rack 79 and swivels the charging cradle through 180 ° via the gear wheels 92 and 90 as well as via chain wheel 89, chain 88 and chain wheel 87. The charging cradle 32 is now oriented with its open side up and projects into the firearm 15 with its front part. This is the attachment position and the attachment process begins. After the piecing device 33 has covered the advance path, the quiver 109 abuts against the control cams of the charging cradle 32, as a result of which the switching cams 107 and 108 (FIG. 11) disengage and the holding claws 98, 99 open by spring force.

Die Ausziehkrallen des Ansetzers 33 erfassen das Geschoss 14 und der Köcher 109 befördert das Geschoss 14 in das Rohr der Feuerwaffe 15. Vor Erreichen der Endstellung stossen die Ausziehkrallen des Ansetzers 33 an den Rohrboden, werden zurückgehalten und öffnen sich. Der Ansetzer 33 bewegt sich in seine Endstellung und zurück in seine Ausgangsstellung.The pull-out claws of the piecer 33 grip the projectile 14 and the quiver 109 conveys the projectile 14 into the barrel of the firearm 15. Before the end position is reached, the pull-out claws of the piecer 33 hit the tube plate, are held back and open. The piecing device 33 moves into its end position and back into its starting position.

Je nachdem ob die Munitionsart für den Folgeschuss feststeht oder nicht, ergeben sich zwei Varianten für den Funktionsablauf.

  • 1. Für den Folgeschuss steht die Ladeschale 32 mit dem gewählten Geschoss 14 in der Wartestellung. Ist der erste Schuss abgegeben und der Waffenrücklauf beendet, schwenkt die Waffe 15 in die Indexstellung 0°. Gleichzeitig beginnt der Hub des Geschosses 14 und das Einschwenken der Ladeschale 32 in Ansetzposition.
  • 2. Für den Folgeschuss steht die leere Ladeschale 32 in Wartestellung. Ist der erste Schuss abgegeben und der Waffenrücklauf beendet, schwenkt die Waffe 15 in Indexstellung 0°. Erst wenn die Munitionsart für den Folgeschuss gewählt ist, können Drehtisch 30 und Ladeschale 32 zur Munitionsübernahme in Bewegung gesetzt werden.
Depending on whether the type of ammunition for the subsequent shot is certain or not, there are two variants for the functional sequence.
  • 1. For the following shot, the charging cradle 32 with the selected floor 14 is in the waiting position. When the first shot has been fired and the weapon return has ended, the weapon 15 swings into the index position 0 °. At the same time, the stroke of the projectile 14 begins and the pivoting of the charging cradle 32 into the attachment position.
  • 2. The empty charging cradle 32 is in the waiting position for the following shot. When the first shot has been fired and the weapon return has ended, the weapon 15 swings into the index position 0 °. Only when the type of ammunition has been selected for the subsequent shot can the turntable 30 and charging cradle 32 be set in motion for the ammunition takeover.

Claims (10)

1. An automatic ammunition loading apparatus for an armored vehicle for the infeed of projectiles to a firing weapon on a rotatable turret comprising :
- an ammunition magazine (10) with two ammunition-containers (17) containing two kinds of ammunition,
- a transfer station (12) with a withdrawal device (28) for withdrawing projectiles out of the ammunition magazine (10),
- an ammunition infeed device (13) containing a lifting device (31) for lifting the projectiles from the floor (77) of the turret (16) to the weapon (15), a loading cradle (32) for receiving the projectile (14) to be raised, said loading cradle (32) being secured at said lifting device (31) and a ramming device (33) for ramming the raised projectile (14) into the firing weapon (15), characterised in that,
- a rotable table (30) is arranged below the armored turret (16) the axis of said rotable table (30) coincide with the axis of said turret (16) and to said table (30) the projectiles are infed by means of a pivot device from said withdrawal device,
- a lifting or hoist device (31) is arranged over the rotatable table (31),
- said projectiles (14) in the ammunition magazine (10) outside the turret (16) and in the receiving locations extend rearwardly by means of their projectile tip, viewed with respect to the direction of the travel of the armored vehicle and upon rotation, the rotatable table (30) can be rotated into a removal position, said projectile (14) of the one magazine container (17), following such rotation, and viewed with respect to the firing direction having its projectile tip directed to the right and the projectile (14) of the other magazine (17) having its projectile tip directed to the left.
2. Loading apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the drive (19) of said ammunition container (17) comprise a drive motor (34), two sprocket wheels (35) secured to said drive motor (34), two chains (36), two further sprocket wheels (37), two drive shafts (19, 20) driven by said two sprocket wheels (35) by means of said two chains (36) and said two further sprocket wheels (37), a further sprocket wheel member (37') arranged at one of said drive shafts (19, 20), a further chain member (38), a third drive shaft (39) and that further sprocket wheel member (37') driving said third drive shaft (39) by means of said further chain member (38).
3. Loading apparatus as defined in claim 2, further including two deflection shafts (40, 41) in addition to said three drive shafts (19, 20, 39) provided for said ammunition container (17), conveyor star-elements (21, 22, 43) secured at said drive shafts (19, 20) and said deflection shafts (40, 41) in order to receive ammunition casings (24) and bracket means (44) for uniting said ammunition casings (24) into an endless band chain means (23).
4. Loading apparatus as defined in claim 3 wherein each of said ammunition casings (24) comprises a semi-circular casing shell (93) and a bipartite cover (32', 32").
5. Loading apparatus as defined in claim 1, further including a partition wall (49) a trap door (25) of the magazine sluice (11) arranged between said partitionwall (49) and said magazine container (17), and an actuation cylinder for opening and closing said trapdoor (25) being arranged between said partition wall (49) and the vehicle turret (16).
6. Loading apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said withdrawal device (28) comprises a transport car (51) equipped with a withdrawal head (52) and a support car (53) and guide track means, two guide shafts (55, 56) provided for said withdrawal device, two pivotal arms (63), one of said guide shafts (55) being pivotably mounted at said two pivotal arms (63) for pivotal movement about the other guide shaft (56), and said transport car (53) being displaceably arranged upon both guide shafts (55, 56).
7. Loading apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein said withdrawal device (28) comprises a chain drive means, and said chain drive means including a chain (57) guided over two sprocket wheels (58, 59).
8. Loading apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said rotatable table (30) possesses two receiving locations one of said receiving locations being operatively correlated with one of said magazine containers (17) and the other receiving location with the other magazine container (17) each receiving location having four holding star- shaped elements (73) and each of said star- shaped elements (73) being rotatably mounted at a bearing block (71, 72).
9. Loading apparatus as defined in claim 8 wherein said rotatable table (30) comprises a rotary plate (66) said rotary plate (66) being arranged coaxially with respect to and below said vehicle-turret (16) ; hydromotor means (69) provided driving said rotatable table (30) by means of a gear (68) secured to said hydromotor means and by means of a toothed rim (67) attached at the rotatable table (30).
10. Loading apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein, said loading cradle (32) having opposed ends, each of said opposed ends being provided with reinforcement rib means (94) and two holder clamp means (98, 99) hingedly connected with each reinforcement rib means (94) in order to retain the projectile (14) in its related loading cradle.
EP80200562A 1979-07-06 1980-06-16 Loading device for armoured vehicle Expired EP0022286B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH6948/79 1979-07-06
CH694879 1979-07-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0022286A1 EP0022286A1 (en) 1981-01-14
EP0022286B1 true EP0022286B1 (en) 1982-11-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80200562A Expired EP0022286B1 (en) 1979-07-06 1980-06-16 Loading device for armoured vehicle

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Country Link
US (1) US4318331A (en)
EP (1) EP0022286B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5620999A (en)
CA (1) CA1128349A (en)
DE (1) DE3061033D1 (en)
IL (1) IL60508A (en)

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EP0022286A1 (en) 1981-01-14
DE3061033D1 (en) 1982-12-09
IL60508A (en) 1982-04-30
US4318331A (en) 1982-03-09
JPS5620999A (en) 1981-02-27
CA1128349A (en) 1982-07-27
JPS6244200B2 (en) 1987-09-18

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