EP0021508A1 - Firing and operating circuit arrangement for gas and/or vapour discharge lamps - Google Patents

Firing and operating circuit arrangement for gas and/or vapour discharge lamps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0021508A1
EP0021508A1 EP80200547A EP80200547A EP0021508A1 EP 0021508 A1 EP0021508 A1 EP 0021508A1 EP 80200547 A EP80200547 A EP 80200547A EP 80200547 A EP80200547 A EP 80200547A EP 0021508 A1 EP0021508 A1 EP 0021508A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
resistor
lamp
electronic switch
circuit arrangement
ptc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80200547A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0021508B1 (en
Inventor
Hans Dr. Bex
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Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
    • H05B41/3927—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations by pulse width modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/02—Details
    • H05B41/04—Starting switches
    • H05B41/042—Starting switches using semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/044—Starting switches using semiconductor devices for lamp provided with pre-heating electrodes
    • H05B41/046—Starting switches using semiconductor devices for lamp provided with pre-heating electrodes using controlled semiconductor devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for igniting and operating a gas and / or vapor discharge lamp with preheatable electrodes, the free ends of which are electrically connected to one another at least during the ignition process, with the aid of an electrical ballast which is in series with the lamp, from a control circuit operated electronic switch for current limitation.
  • the discharge lamp is fed at a frequency between approximately 400 Hz and 30 kHz in accordance with the switching frequency of the electronic switch.
  • the electronic switch is already in operation during the heating of the lamp electrodes.
  • the heating current is only limited by the resistance of the heating coil itself.
  • the heating current is temporarily up to 5 times the heating current in 50 Hz operation; this destroys the heating coil relatively quickly.
  • the discharge lamp ignites at an indefinite point in time when there is sufficient heating and the ignition voltage is high enough. This time lies between the pure cold start and the start with preheated electrodes. This is also a condition that adversely affects the life of the lamp.
  • the invention has for its object a circuit arrangement for igniting and operating a gas and / or To create a vapor discharge lamp in which the life of this lamp is practically unaffected by the preheating of the lamp electrodes.
  • the control circuit of the electronic switch does not receive enough voltage during preheating of the lamp electrodes to actuate the switch.
  • the lamp electrodes are therefore heated at 50 Hz.
  • the heating current is limited by the ohmic resistance.
  • the voltage at the input of the control circuit is high enough that the electronic switch, e.g. starts working at around 16 kHz. At the same time, the discharge lamp ignites without flickering.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention thus works for preheating the lamp electrodes at 50 Hz; only then does switching operation begin at a much higher frequency. This has an advantageous effect on the life of the lamp.
  • the figure shows a circuit arrangement for igniting and operating a gas discharge lamp.
  • the terminal 1 and 2 designate input terminals for connection to an AC voltage network of 220 V, 50 Hz.
  • the terminal 1 is connected via a coil 3 to a preheatable electrode 4 of a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp 5.
  • the second preheatable lamp electrode 6 is connected to a rectifier bridge 7, which contains four diodes 8, 9, 10 and 11.
  • the other side of the rectifier bridge 7 is connected to the input terminal 2 via a fuse 12.
  • a capacitor 13 is connected behind the coil 3, the other end of which is also connected to the input terminal 2.
  • Coil 3 and capacitor 13 form a low pass.
  • the free ends of the preheatable electrodes 4 and 6 are bonded via a - connected to one another choke coil 14; in their place can also be a switch that is only switched on during the preheating of the lamp electrodes.
  • a switching transistor 15 in series with a parallel combination which is customary in power switching transistors (cf. TII manual "Transistor Circuit Design", 1963, p. 421), consisting of a diode 16, a capacitor 17 and a coil 18
  • the control circuit of transistor 15 has one of a series circuit comprising a resistor 19, a resistor 20 and a condenser sator 21 formed input circuit, which bridges the transistor 15 and the parallel combination 16 to 18.
  • a zener diode 22 and a smoothing capacitor 23 are connected in parallel with the series circuit comprising the resistor 20 and the capacitor 21.
  • the base of transistor 15 is connected via a diac 24 to the connection point of resistor 20 with capacitor 21.
  • the base of transistor 15 is connected to the emitter of transistor 15 via a resistor 25 and a coil 26 lying in parallel therewith.
  • the coils 18 and 26 are coupled together.
  • a resistor 27 with a positive temperature coefficient is connected in series with an ohmic resistor 28 which limits the lamp heating current and whose resistance value is 8 to 12 times greater than the cold resistance of the PTC resistor 27.
  • the PTC resistor 27 alone lies in parallel to the control circuit 19 to 26 of the switching transistor 15.
  • the circuit described works as follows: depending on the phase position of the AC voltage applied to the input terminals 1 and 2, the electrodes 4 and 6 of the discharge lamp 5 are switched via the circuit 1, 3, 4, 14, 6, 8, 28, 27, 9, 12, 2 or 1, 3, 4, 14, 6, 10, 27, 28, 11, 12, 2 preheated until the PTC resistor 27 suddenly changes from its low to its high resistance value after barely 1 sec.
  • the heating current for the two electrodes 4 and 6 is limited by the ohmic resistor 28.
  • the capacitor 21 charges via the resistor 20 due to the Zener voltage generated across the ohmic resistor 28 and the resistor 19 at the Zener diode 22, which is generated by the capacitor 23 is smoothed to such a high voltage that the diac 24 becomes conductive and the capacitor 21 can thereby discharge through the parallel circuit consisting of the resistor 25, the coil 26 and the base-emitter resistor of the transistor 15.
  • the transistor 15 becomes conductive and a current flows through the circuit 1, 3, 4, 14, 6, 8, 16 to 18, 15, 9, 12, 2 or 2, 12, 11, 16 to 18, 15, 10, 6, 14, 4, 3, 1.
  • the parallel combination 16 to 18 and the two coils 18 and 26 coupled to one another serve exclusively to improve the switching behavior of the transistor 15, that is to say to reduce its power loss.
  • diac 24 blocks again and causes transistor 15 to also block again. This switching process creates such a high ignition voltage at the choke coil 14 that the discharge lamp 5 can ignite; otherwise the process is repeated several times.
  • the time constant C 21 R 20 is chosen so that the desired pulse repetition frequency for the opening and closing of the switching transistor 15 results.
  • the pulse duty factor of the pulse train is adjusted via the resistor 25, the base-emitter resistance of the transistor 15 and the coupling of the coils 18 and 26 so that the required lamp power is achieved.
  • the capacitor 13 represents a low-pass filter with the coil 3 to prevent the high-frequency current pulses from being conducted as a disturbance into the public supply network.
  • the 50 Hz oscillation can enter the circuit arrangement unhindered.
  • the components used had the following values:
  • the pulse repetition frequency was approximately 16 kHz.
  • the duty cycle was 1: 7 on average.
  • the overall efficiency was 92%.
  • An adaptation to a discharge lamp of a different power can be easily achieved by changing the pulse repetition frequency or the duty cycle.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

Bei einer Schaltungsanordnung zum Zünden und Betrieb einer Entladungslampe (5) mit Hilfe eines elektronischen Vorschaltgerätes (15 bis 26) ist parallel zum elektronischen Schalter (15, 16 bis 18) ein PTC-Widerstand (27 in Reihe mit einem ohmschen Widerstand (28) geschaltet, wobei der PTC-Widerstand (27) allein parallel zum Steuerkreis (19 bis 26) des elektronischen Schalters (15, 16 bis 18) liegt. Der Wert des ohmschen Widerstandes (28) ist 8 bis 12mal größer als der Kaltwiderstand des PTC-Widerstandes (27).In a circuit arrangement for igniting and operating a discharge lamp (5) with the aid of an electronic ballast (15 to 26), a PTC resistor (27 is connected in series with an ohmic resistor (28) in parallel with the electronic switch (15, 16 to 18) , wherein the PTC resistor (27) is only parallel to the control circuit (19 to 26) of the electronic switch (15, 16 to 18.) The value of the ohmic resistor (28) is 8 to 12 times greater than the cold resistance of the PTC resistor (27).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Schaltungsanordnung zum Zünden und Betrieb einer Gas- und/oder Dampfentladungslampe mit vorheizbaren Elektroden, deren freie Enden wenigstens während des Zündvorganges miteinander elektrisch verbunden sind, mit Hilfe eines elektrischen Vorschaltgerätes, das einen mit der Lampe in Reihe liegenden, von einem Steuerkreis betriebenen elektronischen Schalter zur Strombegrenzung besitzt.The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for igniting and operating a gas and / or vapor discharge lamp with preheatable electrodes, the free ends of which are electrically connected to one another at least during the ignition process, with the aid of an electrical ballast which is in series with the lamp, from a control circuit operated electronic switch for current limitation.

Bei derartigen Schaltungsanordnungen wird die Entladungslampe entsprechend der Schalthäufigkeit des elektronischen Schalters mit einer Frequenz zwischen etwa 400 Hz und 30 kHz gespeist. Bei einer aus der DE-OS 2 263 582 bekannten Schaltungsanordnung dieser Art ist der elektronische Schalter bereits während des Aufheizens der Lampenelektroden in Betrieb. Entsprechend dem gewählten Tastverhältnis (Arbeitszeit : Ruhezeit) dauert das Aufheizen relativ lange; der Heizstrom wird nur durch den Widerstand der Heizwendel selbst begrenzt. Aus diesem Grunde wird der Heizstrom kurzzeitig bis zu 5mal so groß wie der Heizstrom bei 50 Hz-Betrieb; hierdurch werden die Heizwendel relativ schnell zerstört. - Außerdem zündet hierbei die Entladungslampe zu einem unbestimmten Zeitpunkt, wenn sowohl genügend Aufheizung erfolgt als auch die Zündspannung hoch genug ist. Dieser Zeitpunkt liegt zwischen dem reinen Kaltstart und dem Start mit vorerhitzten Elektroden. Auch dies ist ein Zustand, der sich auf die Lebensdauer der Lampe nachteilig auswirkt.In such circuit arrangements, the discharge lamp is fed at a frequency between approximately 400 Hz and 30 kHz in accordance with the switching frequency of the electronic switch. In a circuit arrangement of this type known from DE-OS 2 263 582, the electronic switch is already in operation during the heating of the lamp electrodes. Depending on the selected duty cycle (working time: rest time), heating up takes a relatively long time; the heating current is only limited by the resistance of the heating coil itself. For this reason, the heating current is temporarily up to 5 times the heating current in 50 Hz operation; this destroys the heating coil relatively quickly. - In addition, the discharge lamp ignites at an indefinite point in time when there is sufficient heating and the ignition voltage is high enough. This time lies between the pure cold start and the start with preheated electrodes. This is also a condition that adversely affects the life of the lamp.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schaltungsanordnung zum Zünden und Betrieb einer Gas- und/oder Dampfentladungslampe zu schaffen, bei.der durch das Vorheizen der Lampenelektroden die Lebensdauer dieser Lampe praktisch nicht beeinflußt wird.The invention has for its object a circuit arrangement for igniting and operating a gas and / or To create a vapor discharge lamp in which the life of this lamp is practically unaffected by the preheating of the lamp electrodes.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Schaltungsanordnung eingangs erwähnter Art gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß parallel zum elektronischen Schalter ein Widerstand mit positivem Temperaturkoeffizienten (PTC) in Reihe mit einem den Lampenheizstrom begrenzenden ohmschen Widerstand geschaltet ist, wobei der Wert des ohmschen Widerstandes 8 bis 12mal größer ist als der Kaltwiderstand des PTC-Widerstandes und der PTC-Widerstand allein parallel zum Steuerkreis des elektronischen Schalters liegt.This object is achieved in a circuit arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset according to the invention in that a resistor with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) is connected in series with an ohmic resistor which limits the lamp heating current, the value of the ohmic resistor being 8 to 12 times greater is the cold resistance of the PTC resistor and the PTC resistor is only parallel to the control circuit of the electronic switch.

Aufgrund der Spannungsteilung am ohmschen Widerstand und dem Kaltwiderstand des PTC-Widerstandes erhält der Steuerkreis des elektronischen Schalters während des Vorheizens der Lampenelektroden nicht genügend Spannung, um den Schalter zu betätigen. Daher werden die Lampenelektroden mit 50 Hz aufgeheizt. Der Heizstrom wird durch den ohmschen Widerstand begrenzt. Nach einiger Zeit, etwa 1/2 sec, ist die Spannung am Eingang des Steuerkreises groß genug, so daß der elektronische Schalter, z.B. mit etwa 16 kHz, zu arbeiten beginnt. Gleichzeitig zündet die Entladungslampe flackerfrei.Due to the voltage division across the ohmic resistor and the cold resistance of the PTC resistor, the control circuit of the electronic switch does not receive enough voltage during preheating of the lamp electrodes to actuate the switch. The lamp electrodes are therefore heated at 50 Hz. The heating current is limited by the ohmic resistance. After some time, about 1/2 sec, the voltage at the input of the control circuit is high enough that the electronic switch, e.g. starts working at around 16 kHz. At the same time, the discharge lamp ignites without flickering.

Die Schaltungsanordnung nach der Erfindung arbeitet also zum Vorheizen der Lampenelektroden mit 50 Hz; erst dann beginnt der Schaltbetrieb bei einer sehr viel höheren Frequenz. Dies wirkt sich vorteilhaft auf die Lebensdauer der Lampe aus.The circuit arrangement according to the invention thus works for preheating the lamp electrodes at 50 Hz; only then does switching operation begin at a much higher frequency. This has an advantageous effect on the life of the lamp.

Würde man keinen ohmschen Widerstand in Reihe mit dem PTC-Widerstand verwenden und dessen Kaltwiderstand entsprechend dem gewünschten Lampenheizstrom einstellen, so würde beim Vorerhitzen der Lampenelektroden der elektronische Schalter bereits arbeiten, weil der Steuerkreis dieses Schalters direkt an der gleichgerichteten Spannung liegt. Daher würden hierbei dieselben Nachteile, wie oben beschrieben, auftreten.If one were not to use an ohmic resistor in series with the PTC resistor and set its cold resistance in accordance with the desired lamp heating current, then the electronic switch would be used when the lamp electrodes were preheated already work because the control circuit of this switch is directly connected to the rectified voltage. Therefore, the same disadvantages as described above would arise.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Erfindung wird nunmehr anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing.

Die Figur zeigt eine Schaltungsanordnung zum Zünden und Betrieb einer Gasentladungslampe.The figure shows a circuit arrangement for igniting and operating a gas discharge lamp.

Mit 1 und 2 sind Eingangsklemmen zum Anschließen an ein Wechselspannungsnetz von 220 V, 50 Hz bezeichnet. Die Klemme 1 ist über eine Spule 3 mit einer vorheizbaren Elektrode 4 einer Niederdruckquecksilberdampfentladungslampe 5 verbunden. Die zweite vorheizbare Lampenelektrode 6 ist an eine Gleichrichterbrücke 7 angeschlossen, welche vier Dioden 8, 9, 10 und 11 enthält. Die.andere Seite der Gleichrichterbrücke 7 ist über eine Sicherung 12 mit der Eingangsklemme 2 verbunden. Hinter der Spule 3 ist ein Kondensator 13 angeschlossen, dessen anderes Ende ebenfalls mit der Eingangsklemme 2 verbunden ist. Spule 3 und Kondensator 13 bilden einen Tiefpaß. Die freien Enden der vorheizbaren Elektroden 4 und 6 sind über eine-Drosselspule 14 miteinander verbunden; an deren Stelle kann auch ein Schalter treten, der nur während des Vorheizens der Lampenelektroden eingeschaltet ist.1 and 2 designate input terminals for connection to an AC voltage network of 220 V, 50 Hz. The terminal 1 is connected via a coil 3 to a preheatable electrode 4 of a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp 5. The second preheatable lamp electrode 6 is connected to a rectifier bridge 7, which contains four diodes 8, 9, 10 and 11. The other side of the rectifier bridge 7 is connected to the input terminal 2 via a fuse 12. A capacitor 13 is connected behind the coil 3, the other end of which is also connected to the input terminal 2. Coil 3 and capacitor 13 form a low pass. The free ends of the preheatable electrodes 4 and 6 are bonded via a - connected to one another choke coil 14; in their place can also be a switch that is only switched on during the preheating of the lamp electrodes.

In dem Mittelzweig der Gleichrichterbrücke 7 liegt ein Schalttransistor 15 in Reihe mit einer bei Leistungsschalttransistoren üblichen Parallelkombination (vgl. Handbuch von TII "Transistor Circuit Design", 1963, S. 421), bestehend aus einer Diode 16, einem Kondensator 17 und einer Spule 18. Der Steuerkreis des Transistors 15 weist einen von einer Reihenschaltung aus einem Widerstand 19, einem Widerstand 20 und einen Kondensator 21 gebildeten Eingangskreis auf, welcher den Transistor 15 und die Parallelkombination 16 bis 18 überbrückt. Parallel zu der Reihenschaltung aus dem Widerstand 20 und dem Kondensator 21 ist eine Zenerdiode 22 sowie ein Glättungskondensator 23 geschaltet. Die Basis des Transistors 15 ist über einen Diac 24 an den Verbindungspunkt des Widerstandes 20 mit dem Kondensator 21 angeschlossen. Außerdem ist die Basis des Transistors 15 über einen Widerstand 25 und einer dazu parallel liegenden Spule 26 mit dem Emitter des Transistors 15 verbunden. Die Spulen 18 und 26 sind miteinander verkoppelt.In the middle branch of the rectifier bridge 7 there is a switching transistor 15 in series with a parallel combination which is customary in power switching transistors (cf. TII manual "Transistor Circuit Design", 1963, p. 421), consisting of a diode 16, a capacitor 17 and a coil 18 The control circuit of transistor 15 has one of a series circuit comprising a resistor 19, a resistor 20 and a condenser sator 21 formed input circuit, which bridges the transistor 15 and the parallel combination 16 to 18. A zener diode 22 and a smoothing capacitor 23 are connected in parallel with the series circuit comprising the resistor 20 and the capacitor 21. The base of transistor 15 is connected via a diac 24 to the connection point of resistor 20 with capacitor 21. In addition, the base of transistor 15 is connected to the emitter of transistor 15 via a resistor 25 and a coil 26 lying in parallel therewith. The coils 18 and 26 are coupled together.

Parallel zum elektronischen Schalter, bestehend aus dem Schalttransistor 15 sowie der Parallelkombination 16 bis 18, ist ein Widerstand 27 mit positivem Temperaturkoeffizienten (PTC) in Reihe mit einem den Lampenheizstrom begrenzenden ohmschen Widerstand 28 geschaltet, dessen Widerstandswert 8 bis 12mal größer ist als der Kaltwiderstand des PTC-Widerstandes 27. Der PTC-Widerstand 27 allein liegt parallel zum Steuerkreis 19 bis 26 des Schalttransistors 15.In parallel to the electronic switch, consisting of the switching transistor 15 and the parallel combination 16 to 18, a resistor 27 with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) is connected in series with an ohmic resistor 28 which limits the lamp heating current and whose resistance value is 8 to 12 times greater than the cold resistance of the PTC resistor 27. The PTC resistor 27 alone lies in parallel to the control circuit 19 to 26 of the switching transistor 15.

Die beschriebene Schaltung wirkt wie folgt: Je nach Phasenlage-der an die Eingangsklemmen 1 und 2 angelegten Wechselspannung werden die Elektroden 4 und 6 der Entladungslampe 5 über den Stromkreis 1, 3, 4, 14, 6, 8, 28, 27, 9, 12, 2 oder 1, 3, 4, 14, 6, 10, 27, 28, 11, 12, 2 solange vorgeheizt, bis der PTC-Widerstand 27 nach kaum 1 sec plötzlich von seinem niedrigen auf seinen hohen Widerstandswert übergeht. Dabei wird der Heizstrom für die beiden Elektroden 4 und 6 durch den ohmschen Widerstand 28 begrenzt. Gleichzeitig mit der Widerstandsänderung des PTC-Widerstandes 27 lädt sich der Kondensator 21 über den Widerstand 20 aufgrund der über dem ohmschen Widerstand 28 und dem Widerstand 19 erzeugten Zenerspannung an der Zenerdiode 22, welche durch den Kondensator 23 geglättet wird, auf eine so hohe Spannung auf, daß der Diac 24 leitend wird und der Kondensator 21 sich dadurch über die Parallelschaltung, bestehend aus dem Widerstand 25, der Spule 26 und dem Basis-Emitter-Widerstand des Transistors 15 entladen kann. Dabei wird der Transistor 15 leitend und es fließt ein Strom über den Stromkreis 1, 3, 4, 14, 6, 8, 16 bis 18, 15, 9, 12, 2 oder 2, 12, 11, 16 bis 18, 15, 10, 6, 14, 4, 3, 1.The circuit described works as follows: depending on the phase position of the AC voltage applied to the input terminals 1 and 2, the electrodes 4 and 6 of the discharge lamp 5 are switched via the circuit 1, 3, 4, 14, 6, 8, 28, 27, 9, 12, 2 or 1, 3, 4, 14, 6, 10, 27, 28, 11, 12, 2 preheated until the PTC resistor 27 suddenly changes from its low to its high resistance value after barely 1 sec. The heating current for the two electrodes 4 and 6 is limited by the ohmic resistor 28. Simultaneously with the change in resistance of the PTC resistor 27, the capacitor 21 charges via the resistor 20 due to the Zener voltage generated across the ohmic resistor 28 and the resistor 19 at the Zener diode 22, which is generated by the capacitor 23 is smoothed to such a high voltage that the diac 24 becomes conductive and the capacitor 21 can thereby discharge through the parallel circuit consisting of the resistor 25, the coil 26 and the base-emitter resistor of the transistor 15. The transistor 15 becomes conductive and a current flows through the circuit 1, 3, 4, 14, 6, 8, 16 to 18, 15, 9, 12, 2 or 2, 12, 11, 16 to 18, 15, 10, 6, 14, 4, 3, 1.

Die Parallelkombination 16 bis 18 sowie die beiden miteinander verkoppelten Spulen 18 und 26 dienen ausschließlich zur Verbesserung des Schaltverhaltens des Transistors 15, also zur Verringerung seiner Verlustleistung. Kurz nachdem sich der Kondensator 21 entladen hat, sperrt der Diac 24 wieder und veranlaßt, daß der Transistor 15 ebenfalls wieder gesperrt wird. Durch diesen Schaltvorgang entsteht eine so hohe Zündspannung an der Drosselspule 14, daß die Entladungslampe 5 zünden kann; ansonsten wiederholt sich der Vorgang mehrfach.The parallel combination 16 to 18 and the two coils 18 and 26 coupled to one another serve exclusively to improve the switching behavior of the transistor 15, that is to say to reduce its power loss. Shortly after capacitor 21 has discharged, diac 24 blocks again and causes transistor 15 to also block again. This switching process creates such a high ignition voltage at the choke coil 14 that the discharge lamp 5 can ignite; otherwise the process is repeated several times.

Die Zeitkonstante C21 R20 wird so gewählt, daß sich die gewünschte Pulsfolgefrequenz für das Öffnen und Schließen des Schalttransistors 15 ergibt. Das Tastverhältnis der Pulsfolge wird über den Widerstand 25, den Basis-Emitter-Widerstand des Transistors 15 und die Verkopplung der Spulen 18 und 26 so eingestellt, daß die geforderte Lampenleistung erzielt wird.The time constant C 21 R 20 is chosen so that the desired pulse repetition frequency for the opening and closing of the switching transistor 15 results. The pulse duty factor of the pulse train is adjusted via the resistor 25, the base-emitter resistance of the transistor 15 and the coupling of the coils 18 and 26 so that the required lamp power is achieved.

Der Kondensator 13 stellt mit der Spule 3 einen Tiefpaß dar zur Verhinderung, daß die hochfrequenten Stromimpulse als Störung in das öffentliche Versorgungsnetz geleitet werden. Andererseits kann die 50 Hz-Schwingung ungehindert in die Schaltungsanordnung eintreten.The capacitor 13 represents a low-pass filter with the coil 3 to prevent the high-frequency current pulses from being conducted as a disturbance into the public supply network. On the other hand, the 50 Hz oscillation can enter the circuit arrangement unhindered.

Bei einem Ausführungsbeispiel zum Zünden und Betrieb einer 20 W-Niederdruckquecksilberdampfentladungslampe hatten die verwendeten Bauelemente folgende Werte:

Figure imgb0001
In one exemplary embodiment for igniting and operating a 20 W low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp, the components used had the following values:
Figure imgb0001

Die Pulsfolgefrequenz betrug etwa 16 kHz. Das Tastverhältnis war im Mittel 1 : 7. Der Gesamtwirkungsgrad betrug 92%.The pulse repetition frequency was approximately 16 kHz. The duty cycle was 1: 7 on average. The overall efficiency was 92%.

Eine Anpassung an eine Entladungslampe anderer Leistung ist ohne weiteres durch Änderung sler Pulsfolgefrequenz bzw. des Tastverhältnisses erreichbar.An adaptation to a discharge lamp of a different power can be easily achieved by changing the pulse repetition frequency or the duty cycle.

Claims (1)

Schaltungsanordnung zum Zünden und Betrieb einer Gas- und/oder Dampfentladungslampe mit vorheizbaren Elektroden, deren freie Enden wenigstens während des Zündvorganges miteinander elektrisch verbunden sind, mit Hilfe eines elektrischen Vorschaltgerätes, das einen mit der Lampe in Reihe liegenden, von einem Steuerkreis betriebenen elektronischen Schalter zur Strombegrenzung besitzt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß parallel zum elektronischen Schalter (15, 16 bis 18) ein Widerstand (27) mit positivem Temperaturkoeffizienten (PTC) in Reihe mit einem den Lampenheizstrom begrenzenden ohmschen Widerstand (28) geschaltet ist, wobei der Wert des ohmschen Widerstandes 8 bis 12mal größer ist als der Kaltwiderstand des PTC-Widerstandes und der PTC-Widerstand allein parallel zum Steuerkreis (19 bis 26) des elektronischen Schalters liegt.Circuit arrangement for igniting and operating a gas and / or vapor discharge lamp with preheatable electrodes, the free ends of which are electrically connected to one another at least during the ignition process, with the aid of an electrical ballast which has an electronic switch in series with the lamp and operated by a control circuit Has current limitation, characterized in that a resistor (27) with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) is connected in parallel with the electronic switch (15, 16 to 18) in series with an ohmic resistor (28) which limits the lamp heating current, the value of the ohmic resistor Is 8 to 12 times greater than the cold resistance of the PTC resistor and the PTC resistor is only parallel to the control circuit (19 to 26) of the electronic switch.
EP80200547A 1979-06-15 1980-06-13 Firing and operating circuit arrangement for gas and/or vapour discharge lamps Expired EP0021508B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2924069 1979-06-15
DE2924069A DE2924069C2 (en) 1979-06-15 1979-06-15 Circuit arrangement for igniting and operating a gas and / or vapor discharge lamp

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0021508A1 true EP0021508A1 (en) 1981-01-07
EP0021508B1 EP0021508B1 (en) 1982-10-20

Family

ID=6073213

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80200547A Expired EP0021508B1 (en) 1979-06-15 1980-06-13 Firing and operating circuit arrangement for gas and/or vapour discharge lamps

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4358711A (en)
EP (1) EP0021508B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS563996A (en)
AT (1) AT378096B (en)
CA (1) CA1149077A (en)
DE (2) DE2924069C2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0918449A1 (en) * 1997-11-21 1999-05-26 STMicroelectronics SA Circuit for control of fluorescent lamp
FR2771589A1 (en) * 1997-11-21 1999-05-28 Sgs Thomson Microelectronics Fluorescent lamp control circuit

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3047289A1 (en) * 1980-12-16 1982-07-29 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München IGNITION DEVICE FOR A LOW-PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP
US4686427A (en) * 1985-08-13 1987-08-11 Magnetek, Inc. Fluorescent lamp dimming switch
US4970437A (en) * 1989-07-10 1990-11-13 Motorola Lighting, Inc. Chopper for conventional ballast system
US5204587A (en) * 1991-02-19 1993-04-20 Magnetek, Inc. Fluorescent lamp power control
DE4425859A1 (en) * 1994-07-21 1996-01-25 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Circuit arrangement for operating one or more low-pressure discharge lamps

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2034855A1 (en) * 1970-07-07 1972-01-27 Luehrs O Electronic ignition device for low pressure gas discharge lamps
DE2060474A1 (en) * 1970-12-09 1972-06-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Ignition device for a discharge lamp operated with a ballast
FR2222823A2 (en) * 1973-03-21 1974-10-18 Radiotechnique Compelec Method of firing a fluorescent tube - uses relaxation circuit and bilateral conducting element

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE794165A (en) * 1972-01-19 1973-07-17 Philips Nv DEVICE EQUIPPED WITH A GAS AND / OR VAPOR DISCHARGE LAMP
NL179622C (en) * 1978-06-27 1986-10-01 Philips Nv DEVICE FOR IGNITION AND POWERING AT LEAST A GAS AND / OR VAPOR DISCHARGE TUBE.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2034855A1 (en) * 1970-07-07 1972-01-27 Luehrs O Electronic ignition device for low pressure gas discharge lamps
DE2060474A1 (en) * 1970-12-09 1972-06-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Ignition device for a discharge lamp operated with a ballast
FR2222823A2 (en) * 1973-03-21 1974-10-18 Radiotechnique Compelec Method of firing a fluorescent tube - uses relaxation circuit and bilateral conducting element

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0918449A1 (en) * 1997-11-21 1999-05-26 STMicroelectronics SA Circuit for control of fluorescent lamp
FR2771590A1 (en) * 1997-11-21 1999-05-28 Sgs Thomson Microelectronics FLUORESCENT LAMP CONTROL CIRCUIT
FR2771589A1 (en) * 1997-11-21 1999-05-28 Sgs Thomson Microelectronics Fluorescent lamp control circuit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS563996A (en) 1981-01-16
ATA313980A (en) 1984-10-15
US4358711A (en) 1982-11-09
AT378096B (en) 1985-06-10
CA1149077A (en) 1983-06-28
EP0021508B1 (en) 1982-10-20
DE2924069C2 (en) 1982-05-13
DE3060970D1 (en) 1982-11-25
DE2924069A1 (en) 1980-12-18
JPS6329800B2 (en) 1988-06-15

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