EP0018047B1 - Method of bleaching and dyeing yarn bobbins and apparatus for using this method - Google Patents

Method of bleaching and dyeing yarn bobbins and apparatus for using this method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0018047B1
EP0018047B1 EP80200341A EP80200341A EP0018047B1 EP 0018047 B1 EP0018047 B1 EP 0018047B1 EP 80200341 A EP80200341 A EP 80200341A EP 80200341 A EP80200341 A EP 80200341A EP 0018047 B1 EP0018047 B1 EP 0018047B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
space
steam
valve
conduit
preparation tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP80200341A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0018047A1 (en
Inventor
Lieven Jan Maurice Eduard Santens
Robert Medard Vander Beke
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Centre Scientifique et Technique de lIndustrie Textile Belge CENTEXBEL
Santens Sprl
Original Assignee
Centre Scientifique et Technique de lIndustrie Textile Belge CENTEXBEL
Santens Sprl
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Application filed by Centre Scientifique et Technique de lIndustrie Textile Belge CENTEXBEL, Santens Sprl filed Critical Centre Scientifique et Technique de lIndustrie Textile Belge CENTEXBEL
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B5/00—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating
    • D06B5/12—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through materials of definite length
    • D06B5/16—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through materials of definite length through yarns, threads or filaments

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for bleaching and dyeing spools of thread, according to which the spools of cold thread are impregnated with a treatment liquid in an autoclave, the liquid is removed from the autoclave and the steam coils in the autoclave.
  • the invention aims to evacuate the liquid from the autoclave, for example to reintroduce it into a preparation tank where it can be repackaged, in a simple and economical manner, without this liquid being heated.
  • the impregnation is carried out by leaving an air cushion above the liquid in the autoclave and the liquid is removed from the autoclave by introducing steam above the air cushion, l evacuation being interrupted when the steam reaches the liquid discharge outlet.
  • the steam treatment is regulated for a predetermined duration counted from the moment when a determined temperature is reached inside a coil.
  • the invention also relates to an installation for implementing the method determined above.
  • the invention aims to create an installation of this kind allowing in particular to reintroduce the autoclave bath in the preparation tank where it can be reconditioned.
  • the installation makes it possible to carry out this reintroduction by means of steam without the bath being heated.
  • the conduit connecting the lower part of the second space to the upper part of the preparation tank comprises a temperature measuring device controlling above d '' a predetermined temperature closing a valve interposed in this conduit.
  • the autoclave is provided with an air inlet but it is a heated air inlet in order to dry the coils and not a source of compressed air can create an overpressure in the autoclave.
  • the installation according to Belgian patent no. 742.314 also does not include any conduit connecting the lower part of the space outside the coils to the upper part of the preparation tank.
  • the known installation shown in FIG. 1 comprises an autoclave 1, an expansion tank 2 also used for adding liquid, a tank 3 used for the preparation of the bleaching solution, pumps 5 and 6, a heat exchanger 11 and various conduits and valves described below.
  • the autoclave shown less schematically in FIG. 2, is equipped with a material holder for coils 69. These coils determine inside the autoclave a first space 67 on the inside of the coils 69 and a second space 68 on the outside of the coils.
  • the first interior space 67 is essentially constituted by the central channels of the stacked coils.
  • the second external space 68 is constituted by all that surrounds the coils 69. As can be seen in FIG. 2, there is nowhere a direct communication between the internal space 67 and the external space 68. liquid can pass from the interior space 67 to the exterior space 68 or vice versa only through the coils 69.
  • a closed circuit is formed by the interior space 67, the conduits 7 and 8, the pump 5, the conduits 9 and 10, the exterior space 68 and the coils 69.
  • the pump 5 drives the liquid in the direction of the arrow 70, therefore in a direction such that through the coils 69 the liquid circulates from the interior space 67 to the exterior space 68.
  • the heat exchanger 11 is interposed in the duct 9.
  • the autoclave 1 is connected to the general evacuation conduit 13 by the aforementioned conduit 10 and by the emptying conduit 14 which comprises the valve 15.
  • the suction part of the pump 5 is connected not only to the duct 9, but also to the duct 29 which comprises the valve 30 and which is supplied by the pump 6 from the expansion tank 2 through the ducts 16 and 71.
  • a conduit 23 communicates with the upper part of the exterior space 68 of the autoclave 1 and passes through the bottom of this autoclave 1 without communicating with the interior space 67.
  • This conduit 23 is connected by the conduit 24 to the conduit 25 which comprises the valve 26 and opens into the expansion tank 2.
  • the liquid in the upper part of the external space 68 can therefore overflow through the conduits 23, 24 and 25, if the valve 26 is open, in the expansion tank 2, from which the liquid is sucked by the pump 6 and discharged through line 29, if valve 30 is open, in the circuit formed by pump 5, lines 8 and 7, autoclave 1 and lines 10 and 9.
  • conduit 16 is also connected to the general evacuation conduit 13 by the conduit 17 which includes the valve 18.
  • the conduit 25 is also connected by the conduit 27, comprising the safety valve 28, to the general evacuation conduit 13.
  • the autoclave 1 can therefore also overflow towards the general evacuation conduit 13 through the conduits 23, 24 and 27.
  • the upper part of the external space 68 is also connected to the general evacuation conduit 13 by the connector 63 and by the conduit 35 which comprises the valve 36.
  • the preparation reservoir 3 is supplied with water through the conduit 37 comprising the valve 38.
  • This reservoir 3 is connected to the general discharge conduit 13 by the conduit 19 comprising the valve 20.
  • the conduit 31 connects the conduit 19 on the one hand to conduits 9 and 29 on the other hand. It comprises a valve 32 and on the side of the conduits 9 and 29 with respect to this valve a supply conduit 33 comprising a valve 34.
  • FIG. 3 presents a series of complementary elements which are described below.
  • a vacuum pump is connected by a conduit 39, comprising a valve 40, to the connector 63 provided at the top of the autoclave 1.
  • the same connector 63 is connected by a conduit 41 comprising a valve 42 to an air source compressed
  • the autoclave is also provided with a level 48 regulator.
  • a source of steam supply feeds the conduit 43 which is connected by the conduit 44, comprising the valve 45, to the conduit 23 opening into the upper part of the external space 68 of the autoclave 1.
  • the conduit 46 comprising the valve 47, connects the conduit 43 supplied by the steam source to the conduit 7 opening into the interior space 67 of the autoclave 1.
  • Line 14 is connected between valve 15 and line 10 to a line 49 which opens into the upper part of the tank 3 used for the preparation of the bleaching solution.
  • the conduit 49 opens into the reservoir 3 at a point situated above the maximum level of the liquid in this reservoir.
  • the conduit 49 comprises a temperature measuring device 50.
  • This temperature measuring device 50 controls a valve 51 interposed in the conduit 49 and closes this valve when the measured temperature exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the temperature measuring device 50 is located between the valve 51 and the preparation tank 3. The valve 51 is therefore closed only when the predetermined temperature is already reached downstream of this valve in the direction of the tank 3.
  • Another temperature measuring device 66 measures the temperature inside a coil 69 and controls the activation of a timer when a predetermined temperature is reached, this timer closing the valve 45 and / or the valve. 47 after a predetermined period.
  • a valve 12 is interposed in the conduit 8 connecting the conduit 7 to the pump 5.
  • the valve 12 is normally open; all other valves are normally closed.
  • the conduit 64 comprising the valve 65, connects the conduit 8 between the conduit 7 and the valve 12 to the general evacuation conduit 13.
  • the conduit 52 serves, for example, to add a bleaching agent, for example hydrogen peroxide in the bath which is prepared and reconstituted in the reservoir 3; the flow rate of this agent can be adjusted by the metering pump 53 as a function of an automatic titration apparatus 72.
  • the conduit 54 serves, for example, to add an alkali to give or restore the appropriate pH to the bath. This alkali flow rate is adjusted by the metering pump 55 as a function of the pH measured by the pH meter 73.
  • the reservoir 3 is further provided with an agitator 56 and a level controller 57.
  • the installation according to FIG. 3 allows the implementation of certain new processes which require a shorter period for bleaching or for dyeing and / or are less expensive and / or give a better quality product.
  • a process which can be implemented with the installation according to FIG. 3 is a bleaching process also calling for steam treatment.
  • This process essentially includes an impregnation phase, a recovery phase combined with deaeration of the autoclave and a steam treatment phase, possibly followed by soaping and other finishing treatments.
  • a bleaching solution is prepared in the tank 3 at room temperature, which is in principle from 18 to 25 ° C.
  • This solution preferably comprises a wetting agent with limited dispersing effect and with anti-foaming effect.
  • the temperature of the order of 18 to 25 ° C of the bleaching solution which is also maintained when this solution is in autoclave 1, is preferred due to the fact that higher temperatures can cause thermal decomposition of the bleaching solution.
  • the wetting agent preferably has a limited dispersing effect due to the fact that the dispersion increases the risk of migration; the agent preferably has an anti-foaming effect to prevent the formation of foam during the steam treatment preventing rapid reheating of the coils.
  • an amount of 0.3 cc of wetting agent is used per liter of solution and this agent is for example based on ethereal sulfate of phosphoric acid with anti-foaming effect.
  • This bleaching solution is introduced into the autoclave 1 from the reservoir 3 by the opening of the valve 32 and the starting of the pump 5.
  • valve 32 When a sufficient quantity of solution is thus introduced into the autoclave 1, the valve 32 is closed. It is possible to work with different levels inside the autoclave, but it is necessary to maintain a cushion above the liquid. of air.
  • the level of the liquid in the autoclave 1 is such that the coils are completely submerged.
  • valve 26 is open, the pump 6 operates, the valve 30 is open and the pump 5 circulates through the conduits 10, 9, 8 and 7, in the direction of the arrow 70.
  • the pressure static inside the autoclave is carried out by pump 6.
  • the pump 5 causing circulation in the direction of the arrow 70, the bleaching solution passes through the coils 69 from the interior space 67 to the exterior space 68.
  • the coils 69 are partially immersed in the bleaching solution or are not immersed at all.
  • the level of the bleaching solution in the autoclave is determined by the level regulator 48.
  • the valve 42 is opened to bring the pressure inside the autoclave 1 to about 2 bars.
  • the pump 5 is started to circulate through the conduits 10, 9, 8 and 7 in the direction of the arrow 70 so that the solution passes through the coils 69 from the interior space 67 in the direction of the external space 68.
  • the duration of the impregnation depends in both cases on the characteristics of the pump, but is generally of the order of 5 to 10 minutes.
  • the bleaching solution can be based on hydrogen peroxide or sodium chlorite.
  • the quantity of solution absorbed by the cotton is not determined by expression by compressed air or by suction under vacuum, therefore by operations according to the impregnation proper, but by an appropriate concentration of a suitable wetting agent in the impregnation bath.
  • This way of adjusting the percentage of liquid absorption in cotton has the advantage, compared to compression by compressed air, that deaeration before steam treatment is made easier.
  • the pump 5 and possibly the pump 6 are stopped, if it is still running, and the valve 26 is closed, if it is open.
  • the valve 45 is opened and steam is thus admitted into the upper part of the external space 68. It should be noted that whatever the variant of impregnation practiced, there is always an air cushion above liquid which if found in the autoclave.
  • the valve 51 is opened.
  • the bath is discharged through the conduits 10, 14 and 49 towards the reservoir 3.
  • the air cushion acts as a thermal insulator and the bath is not substantially reheated by the steam which discharges it.
  • the temperature measurement device 50 provided at the inlet of the conduit 49 but beyond the valve 51, in the direction of the reservoir 3, controls this valve 51.
  • the device 50 is adjusted so that it closes the valve when the temperature to which it is subjected exceeds a determined value. This value corresponds to the steam temperature.
  • the evacuation of the autoclave is therefore interrupted at the moment when the steam has reached the temperature measuring device 50 and has therefore passed the valve 51.
  • the temperature measuring device must be sensitive to both liquids and gases.
  • the bleaching solution arriving in the reservoir 3 is, as far as necessary, reconstituted by the addition of agents which are admitted by the conduits 52 and 54 by the metering pumps 53 and 55.
  • the composition of the bleaching solution changed during treatment in the autoclave.
  • agents initially present in the solution reacted with the elements of the coils.
  • elements of the wire and reaction products entered the solution.
  • the solution must therefore be partially recomposed. It has been found that in practice it is possible to use the same bleaching solution ten times if, after each treatment, when the solution has been discharged towards the reservoir 3, bleaching agent and l 'alkali.
  • the composition of the bath and its reconstitution vary according to the thread to be treated.
  • the bleaching agent is hydrogen peroxide
  • the pH can be determined by a pH meter and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide can be determined by a titration with potassium permanganate.
  • the pH is reconstituted by adding caustic soda and the hydrogen peroxide concentration is reconstituted by adding the required amount of peroxide determined by titration with potassium permanganate.
  • the steam thus heats the coils 69 on both sides, therefore from the inside and from the outside.
  • the vapor is used practically only for the reheating of the coils and the fact that this reheating is carried out as well from the interior as from the outside has as a consequence that it is fast and as uniformly distributed as possible in the coil .
  • a temperature gradient across the coil is thus avoided.
  • a temperature gradient would favor migration.
  • the duration of warming should be as short as possible to avoid migration. This duration is for example approximately five minutes.
  • the steam temperature is for example of the order of 120 to 130 ° C.
  • the duration of this treatment depends on the nature of the cotton and the composition of the bleaching bath previously used, but is for example of the order of 15 minutes.
  • the optimal duration is to be determined beforehand for each cotton to be treated and for each particular composition of the bleaching solution.
  • the duration of the steam treatment must be constant, this duration being counted from the moment when the coils have reached their maximum temperature.
  • the temperature measuring device 66 is inserted inside a coil 69 and the valves 45, 47 and 15 are controlled by this device 66, depending on the temperature measured.
  • the control must be such that the temperature measuring device 66, when the predetermined maximum temperature is reached in the coil, starts a timer which, after a determined duration, for example of 12 minutes, closes the valves 45 and 47 and opens valve 15.
  • the coils 69 are thus steam treated for a fixed period, for example of the order of 12 minutes, from the moment when these coils are sufficiently heated so that the treatment temperature has reached the median zone of the coil.
  • valves 45 and 47 The closure of valves 45 and 47 and the opening of valve 15 results in decompression of the autoclave.
  • the cover of the autoclave 1 can be connected directly to the conduit 25.
  • the conduits 23 and 24 can be omitted in the embodiment according to Figure 1 and the conduit 23 can be omitted in the embodiment according to FIG. 3.
  • the overflow of the autoclave 1 takes place via the conduit 24 ′, either towards the expansion tank 2 if the valve 26 is open, or towards the general evacuation conduit 13 if the valve 26 is closed.
  • the conduit 24 ′ therefore plays the role of the conduits 23 and 24 of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • the conduit 24 ′ also allows, in the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the introduction of steam into the upper part of the exterior space 68 if the valve 45 is open. Indeed, the steam can then pass through the conduits 43, 44, 24, 25 and 24 'in the upper part of this external space 68. All of this does not modify the functions described above of the known installation of the Figure 1 and the installation according to the invention of Figure 3.

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Description

La présente invention est relative à un procédé de blanchiment et de teinture de bobines de fil, suivant lequel on imprègne les bobines de fil à froid d'un liquide de traitement dans un autoclave, on évacue le liquide de l'autoclave et on traite les bobines à vapeur dans l'autoclave.The present invention relates to a process for bleaching and dyeing spools of thread, according to which the spools of cold thread are impregnated with a treatment liquid in an autoclave, the liquid is removed from the autoclave and the steam coils in the autoclave.

L'invention a pour but d'évacuer le liquide de l'autoclave, par exemple pour le réintroduire dans un réservoir de préparation où il peut être reconditionné, d'une manière simple et économique, sans que ce liquide ne soit chauffé.The invention aims to evacuate the liquid from the autoclave, for example to reintroduce it into a preparation tank where it can be repackaged, in a simple and economical manner, without this liquid being heated.

Suivant l'invention, on réalise l'imprégnation en laissant un coussin d'air au-dessus du liquide dans l'autoclave et on évacue le liquide de l'autoclave en introduisant de la vapeur au-dessus du coussin d'air, l'évacuation étant interrompue lorsque la vapeur atteint la sortie d'évacuation du liquide.According to the invention, the impregnation is carried out by leaving an air cushion above the liquid in the autoclave and the liquid is removed from the autoclave by introducing steam above the air cushion, l evacuation being interrupted when the steam reaches the liquid discharge outlet.

Dans une forme de réalisation avantageuse de l'invention, on règle le traitement à la vapeur pour une durée prédéterminée comptée à partir du moment où une température déterminée est atteinte à l'intérieur d'une bobine.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the steam treatment is regulated for a predetermined duration counted from the moment when a determined temperature is reached inside a coil.

L'invention concerne également une installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé déterminé ci-dessus.The invention also relates to an installation for implementing the method determined above.

L'invention concerne ainsi une installation de blanchiment et de teinture de bobines de fil comprenant:

  • - un autoclave équipé d'un porte-matière qui détermine avec des bobines un premier espace à l'intérieur des bobines et un second espace à l'extérieur des bobines,
  • - des conduits reliant ce premier espace à ce second espace,
  • - une pompe de circulation intercalée dans un de ces conduits,
  • - un réservoir de préparation pour le liquide de traitement,
  • - des conduits de raccord de ce réservoir aux conduits susdits,
  • - une source de vapeur,
  • - un raccord de cette source de vapeur avec ce premier espace,
  • - un raccord de cette source de vapeur avec la partie supérieure ce second espace, et
  • - un conduit reliant la partie inférieure du second espace à la partie supérieure du réservoir de préparation.
The invention thus relates to an installation for bleaching and dyeing spools of thread comprising:
  • - an autoclave equipped with a material holder which determines with coils a first space inside the coils and a second space outside the coils,
  • - conduits connecting this first space to this second space,
  • - a circulation pump interposed in one of these conduits,
  • - a preparation tank for the treatment liquid,
  • - pipes connecting this tank to the above pipes,
  • - a source of steam,
  • - a connection of this steam source with this first space,
  • - a connection of this steam source with the upper part of this second space, and
  • - a conduit connecting the lower part of the second space to the upper part of the preparation tank.

L'invention a pour but de créer une installation de ce genre permettant notamment de réintroduire le bain de l'autoclave dans le réservoir de préparation où il peut être reconditionné.The invention aims to create an installation of this kind allowing in particular to reintroduce the autoclave bath in the preparation tank where it can be reconditioned.

L'installation permet de réaliser cette réintroduction au moyen de vapeur d'eau sans que le bain ne soit chauffé.The installation makes it possible to carry out this reintroduction by means of steam without the bath being heated.

A cet effet, elle comprend une source d'air comprimé reliée à la partie supérieure du second espace et le conduit reliant la partie inférieure du second espace à la partie supérieure du réservoir de préparation comprend un dispositif de mesure de température commandant au-dessus d'une température prédéterminée la fermeture d'une vanne intercallée dans ce conduit.For this purpose, it comprises a source of compressed air connected to the upper part of the second space and the conduit connecting the lower part of the second space to the upper part of the preparation tank comprises a temperature measuring device controlling above d '' a predetermined temperature closing a valve interposed in this conduit.

Des installations de teinture dans lesquelles un raccord d'une source de vapeur avec l'espace à l'extérieur des bobines débouche dans la partie supérieure de cet espace sont connues du brevet belge no. 742.314 et de la demande de brevet allemande no. 2.456.250, mais ces installations ne sont pas du type auquel l'invention a trait.Dyeing installations in which a connection of a steam source with the space outside the coils opens into the upper part of this space are known from Belgian patent no. 742.314 and German patent application no. 2,456,250, but these installations are not of the type to which the invention relates.

Aucune de ces installations ne possède en effet un raccord de la source de vapeur avec l'espace à l'interieur des bobines, rendant impossible un bon traitement à la vapeur des bobines.None of these installations has in fact a connection of the steam source with the space inside the coils, making it impossible to properly treat the coils with steam.

En plus, l'installation selon la demande de brevet allemande susdite ne possède pas de source d'air comprimé reliée à la partie supérieure de l'espace à l'extérieur des bobines.In addition, the installation according to the above-mentioned German patent application does not have a compressed air source connected to the upper part of the space outside the coils.

Dans l'installation selon le brevet belge susdit l'autoclave est pourvu d'une entrée d'air mais il s'agit d'une entrée d'air chauffé afin de sécher les bobines et non pas d'une source d'air comprimé pouvant créer une surpression dans l'autoclave.In the installation according to the aforementioned Belgian patent the autoclave is provided with an air inlet but it is a heated air inlet in order to dry the coils and not a source of compressed air can create an overpressure in the autoclave.

L'installation selon le brevet belge no. 742.314 ne comprend en outre aucun conduit reliant la partie inférieure de l'espace à l'extérieur des bobines à la partie supérieure du réservoir de préparation.The installation according to Belgian patent no. 742.314 also does not include any conduit connecting the lower part of the space outside the coils to the upper part of the preparation tank.

D'autres détails et particularités de l'invention ressortiront de la description d'un procédé de blanchiment et de teinture de bobines de fil et d'une installation pour sa mise en oeuvre, suivant l'invention, donnée ci-après à titre d'exemple non limitatif et avec référence aux dessins ci-annexés.

  • La figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'une installation connue de blanchiment et de teinture de bobines de fil.
  • La figure 2 est une représentation un peu moins schématique de l'autoclave de l'installation suivant la figure 1.
  • La figure 3 est une représentation schématique d'une installation suivant l'invention de blanchiment et de teinture de bobines de fil.
Other details and particularities of the invention will emerge from the description of a process for bleaching and dyeing spools of thread and of an installation for its implementation, according to the invention, given below by way of description. 'nonlimiting example and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a known installation for bleaching and dyeing spools of thread.
  • FIG. 2 is a slightly less schematic representation of the autoclave of the installation according to FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation of an installation according to the invention for bleaching and dyeing spools of thread.

Dans les différentes figures les mêmes notations de référence désignent des éléments identiques.In the different figures, the same reference notations designate identical elements.

L'installation connue représentée à la figure 1 comprend un autoclave 1, une cuve d'expansion 2 servant également à ajouter du liquide, un réservoir 3 servant à la préparation de la solution de blanchiment, des pompes 5 et 6, un échangeur de chaleur 11 et différents conduits et vannes décrits ci-après.The known installation shown in FIG. 1 comprises an autoclave 1, an expansion tank 2 also used for adding liquid, a tank 3 used for the preparation of the bleaching solution, pumps 5 and 6, a heat exchanger 11 and various conduits and valves described below.

L'autoclave 1, représenté de façon moins schématique à la figure 2, est équipé d'un porte-matière pour des bobines 69. Ces bobines déterminent à l'intérieur de l'autoclave un premier espace 67 du côté intérieur des bobines 69 et un second espace 68 du côté extérieur des bobines.The autoclave 1, shown less schematically in FIG. 2, is equipped with a material holder for coils 69. These coils determine inside the autoclave a first space 67 on the inside of the coils 69 and a second space 68 on the outside of the coils.

Le premier espace intérieur 67 est essentiellement constitué par les canaux centraux des bobines empilées. Le second espace extérieur 68 est constitué par tout ce qui entoure les bobines 69. Comme il peut être vu à la figure 2, il n'y a nulle part une communication directe entre l'espace intérieur 67 et l'espace extérieur 68. Du liquide peut passer de l'espace intérieur 67 vers l'espace extérieur 68 ou vice versa uniquement à travers les bobines 69.The first interior space 67 is essentially constituted by the central channels of the stacked coils. The second external space 68 is constituted by all that surrounds the coils 69. As can be seen in FIG. 2, there is nowhere a direct communication between the internal space 67 and the external space 68. liquid can pass from the interior space 67 to the exterior space 68 or vice versa only through the coils 69.

Un circuit fermé est formé par l'espace intérieur 67, les conduits 7 et 8, la pompe 5, les conduits 9 et 10, l'espace extérieur 68 et les bobines 69.A closed circuit is formed by the interior space 67, the conduits 7 and 8, the pump 5, the conduits 9 and 10, the exterior space 68 and the coils 69.

La pompe 5 entraîne le liquide dans le sens de la flèche 70, donc dans un sens tel qu'à travers les bobines 69 le liquid circule à partir de l'espace intérieur 67 vers l'espace extérieur 68.The pump 5 drives the liquid in the direction of the arrow 70, therefore in a direction such that through the coils 69 the liquid circulates from the interior space 67 to the exterior space 68.

L'échangeur de chaleur 11 est intercalé dans le conduit 9.The heat exchanger 11 is interposed in the duct 9.

L'autoclave 1 est raccordé au conduit général d'évacuation 13 par le conduit 10 susdit et par le conduit de vidange 14 qui comprend la vanne 15.The autoclave 1 is connected to the general evacuation conduit 13 by the aforementioned conduit 10 and by the emptying conduit 14 which comprises the valve 15.

La partie aspirante de la pompe 5 est reliée non seulement au conduit 9, mais également au conduit 29 qui comprend la vanne 30 et qui est alimenté par la pompe 6 à partir de la cuve d'expansion 2 à travers les conduits 16 et 71.The suction part of the pump 5 is connected not only to the duct 9, but also to the duct 29 which comprises the valve 30 and which is supplied by the pump 6 from the expansion tank 2 through the ducts 16 and 71.

Un conduit 23 communique avec la partie supérieure de l'espace extérieur 68 de l'autoclave 1 et traverse le fond de cet autoclave 1 sans communiquer avec l'espace intérieur 67. Ce conduit 23 est relié par le conduit 24 au conduit 25 qui comprend la vanne 26 et débouche dans la cuve d'expansion 2.A conduit 23 communicates with the upper part of the exterior space 68 of the autoclave 1 and passes through the bottom of this autoclave 1 without communicating with the interior space 67. This conduit 23 is connected by the conduit 24 to the conduit 25 which comprises the valve 26 and opens into the expansion tank 2.

Le liquide de la partie supérieur de l'espace extérieur 68 peut donc déborder à travers les conduits 23, 24 et 25, si la vanne 26 est ouverte, dans la cuve d'expansion 2, à partir de laquelle le liquide est aspiré par la pompe 6 et refoulé à travers le conduit 29, si la vanne 30 est ouverte, dans le circuit formé par la pompe 5, les conduits 8 et 7, l'autoclave 1 et les conduits 10 et 9.The liquid in the upper part of the external space 68 can therefore overflow through the conduits 23, 24 and 25, if the valve 26 is open, in the expansion tank 2, from which the liquid is sucked by the pump 6 and discharged through line 29, if valve 30 is open, in the circuit formed by pump 5, lines 8 and 7, autoclave 1 and lines 10 and 9.

Le conduit 16 susdit est également raccordé au conduit général d'évacuation 13 par le conduit 17 qui comprend la vanne 18.The above-mentioned conduit 16 is also connected to the general evacuation conduit 13 by the conduit 17 which includes the valve 18.

Le conduit 25 est également raccordé par le conduit 27, comprenant la soupape de sécurité 28, au conduit général d'évacuation 13. L'autoclave 1 peut donc également déborder vers le conduit général d'évacuation 13 à travers les conduits 23, 24 et 27.The conduit 25 is also connected by the conduit 27, comprising the safety valve 28, to the general evacuation conduit 13. The autoclave 1 can therefore also overflow towards the general evacuation conduit 13 through the conduits 23, 24 and 27.

La partie supérieure de l'espace extérieur 68 est encore reliée au conduit général d'évacuation 13 par le raccord 63 et par le conduit 35 qui comprend la vanne 36.The upper part of the external space 68 is also connected to the general evacuation conduit 13 by the connector 63 and by the conduit 35 which comprises the valve 36.

Le réservoir de préparation 3 est alimenté en eau par le conduit 37 comprenant la vanne 38. Ce réservoir 3 est relié au conduit général d'évacuation 13 par le conduit 19 comprenant la vanne 20. Le conduit 31 relie le conduit 19 d'une part aux conduits 9 et 29 d'autre part. Il comprend une vanne 32 et du côté des conduits 9 et 29 par rapport à cette vanne un conduit d'alimentation 33 comprenant une vanne 34.The preparation reservoir 3 is supplied with water through the conduit 37 comprising the valve 38. This reservoir 3 is connected to the general discharge conduit 13 by the conduit 19 comprising the valve 20. The conduit 31 connects the conduit 19 on the one hand to conduits 9 and 29 on the other hand. It comprises a valve 32 and on the side of the conduits 9 and 29 with respect to this valve a supply conduit 33 comprising a valve 34.

L'installation suivant la figure 1 et l'autoclave suivant la figure 2 qui ont été décrits ci-dessus sont connus. Il est également connu de relier le conduit 7 à une source de vapeur pour introduire de la vapeur dans l'espace intérieur 67 et de relier le conduit 10 à une source de vapeur pour introduire de la vapeur dans l'espace extérieur 68.The installation according to FIG. 1 and the autoclave according to FIG. 2 which have been described above are known. It is also known to connect the duct 7 to a source of steam to introduce steam into the interior space 67 and to connect the duct 10 to a source of steam to introduce steam into the exterior space 68.

L'installation suivant l'invention représentée schématiquement à la figure 3 présente une série d'éléments complémentaires qui sont décrits ci-après.The installation according to the invention shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3 presents a series of complementary elements which are described below.

Une pompe à vide est reliée par un conduit 39, comprenant une vanne 40, au raccord 63 prévu à la partie supérieure de l'autoclave 1. Le même raccord 63 est relié par un conduit 41 comprenant une vanne 42 à une source d'air compriméA vacuum pump is connected by a conduit 39, comprising a valve 40, to the connector 63 provided at the top of the autoclave 1. The same connector 63 is connected by a conduit 41 comprising a valve 42 to an air source compressed

L'autoclave est également pourvu d'un régulateur de niveau 48.The autoclave is also provided with a level 48 regulator.

Un source d'amenée de vapeur alimente le conduit 43 qui est relié par le conduit 44, comprenant la vanne 45, au conduit 23 débouchant dans la partie supérieure de l'espace extérieur 68 de l'autoclave 1.A source of steam supply feeds the conduit 43 which is connected by the conduit 44, comprising the valve 45, to the conduit 23 opening into the upper part of the external space 68 of the autoclave 1.

Il est à remarquer que, contrairement à ce qui est réalisé dans l'installation connue décrite ci-dessus, la vapeur est introduite dans la partie supérieure de l'espace extérieur 68 de l'installation suivant la figure 3.It should be noted that, contrary to what is achieved in the known installation described above, the steam is introduced into the upper part of the external space 68 of the installation according to FIG. 3.

Le conduit 46, comprenant la vanne 47, raccorde le conduit 43 alimenté par la source de vapeur au conduit 7 débouchant dans l'espace intérieur 67 de l'autoclave 1.The conduit 46, comprising the valve 47, connects the conduit 43 supplied by the steam source to the conduit 7 opening into the interior space 67 of the autoclave 1.

Le conduit 14 est relié entre la vanne 15 et le conduit 10 à un conduit 49 qui débouche dans la partie supérieure du réservoir 3 servant à la préparation de la solution de blanchiment.Line 14 is connected between valve 15 and line 10 to a line 49 which opens into the upper part of the tank 3 used for the preparation of the bleaching solution.

Le conduit 49 débouche dans le réservoir 3 à un point situé au-dessus du niveau maximal du liquide dans ce réservoir. Le conduit 49 comprend un dispositif de mesure de température 50. Ce dispositif de mesure de température 50 commande une vanne 51 intercalée dans le conduit 49 et ferme cette vanne lorque la température mesurée dépasse une valeur prédéterminée. Le dispositif de mesure de température 50 est situé entre la vanne 51 et le réservoir de préparation 3. La vanne 51 n'est donc fermée qu'au moment où la température prédéterminée est déjà atteinte en aval de cette vanne en direction du réservoir 3.The conduit 49 opens into the reservoir 3 at a point situated above the maximum level of the liquid in this reservoir. The conduit 49 comprises a temperature measuring device 50. This temperature measuring device 50 controls a valve 51 interposed in the conduit 49 and closes this valve when the measured temperature exceeds a predetermined value. The temperature measuring device 50 is located between the valve 51 and the preparation tank 3. The valve 51 is therefore closed only when the predetermined temperature is already reached downstream of this valve in the direction of the tank 3.

Un autre dispositif de mesure de la température 66 mesure la température à l'intérieur d'une bobine 69 et commande la mise en marche d'une minuterie lorsqu'une température prédeterminée est atteinte, cette minuterie fermant la vanne 45 et/ou la vanne 47 après une durée prédéterminée.Another temperature measuring device 66 measures the temperature inside a coil 69 and controls the activation of a timer when a predetermined temperature is reached, this timer closing the valve 45 and / or the valve. 47 after a predetermined period.

Une vanne 12 est intercalée dans le conduit 8 reliant le conduit 7 à la pompe 5. La vanne 12 est normalement ouverte; toutes le autres vannes sont normalement fermées.A valve 12 is interposed in the conduit 8 connecting the conduit 7 to the pump 5. The valve 12 is normally open; all other valves are normally closed.

Le conduit 64, comprenant la vanne 65, relie le conduit 8 entre le conduit 7 et la vanne 12 au conduit général d'évacuation 13.The conduit 64, comprising the valve 65, connects the conduit 8 between the conduit 7 and the valve 12 to the general evacuation conduit 13.

Des conduits 52 et 54 d'alimentation en produits devant entrer dans la composition de la solution de blanchiment ou de la solution de teinture débouchent sur le réservoir 3 et comprennent des pompes doseuses 53 et 55. Le conduit 52 sert, par exemple, à ajouter un agent de blanchiment, par exemple du peroxyde d'hydrogène au bain qui est préparé et reconstitué dans le réservoir 3; le débit de cet agent peut être réglé par la pompe doseuse 53 en fonction d'un appareil automatique de titrage 72. Le conduit 54 sert, par exemple, à ajouter un alcali pour donner ou redonner le pH approprié au bain. Ce débit d'alcali est réglé par la pompe doseuse 55 en fonction du pH mesuré par le pH-mètre 73.Conduits 52 and 54 for supplying products to be used in the composition of the bleaching solution or the dyeing solution open out onto the reservoir 3 and include metering pumps 53 and 55. The conduit 52 serves, for example, to add a bleaching agent, for example hydrogen peroxide in the bath which is prepared and reconstituted in the reservoir 3; the flow rate of this agent can be adjusted by the metering pump 53 as a function of an automatic titration apparatus 72. The conduit 54 serves, for example, to add an alkali to give or restore the appropriate pH to the bath. This alkali flow rate is adjusted by the metering pump 55 as a function of the pH measured by the pH meter 73.

Le réservoir 3 est en outre pourvu d'un agitateur 56 et d'un contrôleur de niveau 57.The reservoir 3 is further provided with an agitator 56 and a level controller 57.

L'installation suivant la figure 3 permet la mise en oeuvre de certains nouveaux procédés qui nécessitent une durée plus restreinte pour le blanchiment ou pour la teinture et/ou sont moins coûteux et/ou donnent un produit de meilleur qualité.The installation according to FIG. 3 allows the implementation of certain new processes which require a shorter period for bleaching or for dyeing and / or are less expensive and / or give a better quality product.

Un procédé pouvant être mis en oeuvre avec l'installation suivant la figure 3 est un procédé de blanchiment faisant également appel à un traitement à la vapeur. Ce procédé comprend essentiellement une phase d'imprégnation, une phase de récupération combinée avec la désaération de l'autoclave et une phase de traitement à la vapeur, éventuellement suivie d'un savonnage et d'autres traitements de finissage.A process which can be implemented with the installation according to FIG. 3 is a bleaching process also calling for steam treatment. This process essentially includes an impregnation phase, a recovery phase combined with deaeration of the autoclave and a steam treatment phase, possibly followed by soaping and other finishing treatments.

Ces différents traitements sont décrits ci-après.These different treatments are described below.

a. L'imprégnation à la solution de blanchiment.at. Impregnation with the bleaching solution.

On prépare dans le réservoir 3 une solution de blanchiment à la température ambiante, qui est en principe de 18 à 25° C.A bleaching solution is prepared in the tank 3 at room temperature, which is in principle from 18 to 25 ° C.

Cette solution comprend de préférence un agent mouillant à effet dispersant limité et à effet anti-mousse.This solution preferably comprises a wetting agent with limited dispersing effect and with anti-foaming effect.

La température de l'ordre de 18 à 25° C de la solution de blanchiment, qui est également maintenue quand cette solution est dans l'autoclave 1, est préférée en raison du fait que des températures plus élevées peuvent provoquer une décomposition thermique de la solutionThe temperature of the order of 18 to 25 ° C of the bleaching solution, which is also maintained when this solution is in autoclave 1, is preferred due to the fact that higher temperatures can cause thermal decomposition of the bleaching solution. solution

L'agent mouillant a de préférence un effet dispersant limité en raison du fait que la dispersion augmente le risque de migration; l'agent a de préférence un effet anti-mousse pour éviter que la formation de mousse pendant le traitement à la vapeur empêche un réchauffement rapide des bobines.The wetting agent preferably has a limited dispersing effect due to the fact that the dispersion increases the risk of migration; the agent preferably has an anti-foaming effect to prevent the formation of foam during the steam treatment preventing rapid reheating of the coils.

On utilise par exemple une quantité de 0,3 cc d'agent mouillant par litre de solution et cet agent est par exemple sur base de sulfate éthéré de l'acide phosphorique à effet anti-mousse.For example, an amount of 0.3 cc of wetting agent is used per liter of solution and this agent is for example based on ethereal sulfate of phosphoric acid with anti-foaming effect.

Cette solution de blanchiment est introduite dans l'autoclave 1 à partir du réservoir 3 par l'ouverture de la vanne 32 et la mise en marche de la pompe 5.This bleaching solution is introduced into the autoclave 1 from the reservoir 3 by the opening of the valve 32 and the starting of the pump 5.

Quand une quantité suffisante de solution est ainsi introduite dans l'autoclave 1, on ferme la vanne 32. On peut travailler avec des niveaux différents à l'intérieur de l'autoclave, mais il est nécessaire de maintenir au-dessus du liquide un coussin d'air.When a sufficient quantity of solution is thus introduced into the autoclave 1, the valve 32 is closed. It is possible to work with different levels inside the autoclave, but it is necessary to maintain a cushion above the liquid. of air.

Suivant une première variante le niveau du liquide dans l'autoclave 1 est tel que les bobines sont complètement immergées.According to a first variant, the level of the liquid in the autoclave 1 is such that the coils are completely submerged.

Pour réaliser cette variante, la vanne 26 est ouverte, la pompe 6 fonctionne, la vanne 30 est ouverte et la pompe 5 réalise une circulation à travers les conduits 10, 9, 8 et 7, dans le sens de la flèche 70. La pression statique à l'intérieur de l'autoclave est réalisée par la pompe 6.To achieve this variant, the valve 26 is open, the pump 6 operates, the valve 30 is open and the pump 5 circulates through the conduits 10, 9, 8 and 7, in the direction of the arrow 70. The pressure static inside the autoclave is carried out by pump 6.

La pompe 5 entraînant une circulation dans le sens de la flèche 70, la solution de blanchiment passe par les bobines 69 à partir de l'espace intérieur 67 vers l'espace extérieur 68.The pump 5 causing circulation in the direction of the arrow 70, the bleaching solution passes through the coils 69 from the interior space 67 to the exterior space 68.

Suivant une seconde variante les bobines 69 sont partiellement immergées dans la solution de blanchiment ou ne sont pas immergées du tout.According to a second variant, the coils 69 are partially immersed in the bleaching solution or are not immersed at all.

Suivant cette second variante, le niveau de la solution de blanchiment dans l'autoclave est déterminé par le régulateur de niveau 48. Pour réaliser cette variante on ouvre la vanne 42 pour porter la pression à l'intérieur de l'autoclave 1 à environ 2 bars. La pompe 5 est mise en marche pour réaliser une circulation à travers les conduits 10, 9, 8 et 7 dans le sens de la flèche 70 pour que la solution passe à travers les bobines 69 à partir de l'espace intérieur 67 en direction de l'espace extérieur 68. La durée de l'imprégnation dépend dans les deux cas des caractéristiques de la pompe, mais est généralement de l'ordre de 5 à 10 minutes.According to this second variant, the level of the bleaching solution in the autoclave is determined by the level regulator 48. To make this variant, the valve 42 is opened to bring the pressure inside the autoclave 1 to about 2 bars. The pump 5 is started to circulate through the conduits 10, 9, 8 and 7 in the direction of the arrow 70 so that the solution passes through the coils 69 from the interior space 67 in the direction of the external space 68. The duration of the impregnation depends in both cases on the characteristics of the pump, but is generally of the order of 5 to 10 minutes.

Suivant les deux variantes, la solution de blanchiment peut être sur base de peroxyde d'hydrogène ou de chlorite de sodium.According to the two variants, the bleaching solution can be based on hydrogen peroxide or sodium chlorite.

Suivant les deux cas en utilisant l'agent de mouillage mentionné ci-dessus dans la concentration susdite, on atteint une absorption de liquide par le fil de coton de l'ordre de 140 à 160%.According to the two cases using the wetting agent mentioned above in the above concentration, an absorption of liquid is achieved by the cotton thread of the order of 140 to 160%.

Il est à remarquer que la quantitié de solution absorbée par le coton n'est pas déterminée par un exprimage par air comprimé ou par une succion sous vide, donc par des opérations suivant l'imprégnation proprement dite, mais bien par une concentration appropriée d'un agent mouillant approprié dans le bain d'imprégnation. Cette façon de régler le pourcentage d'absorption de liquid dans le coton présente, par rapport à l'exprimage par de l'air comprimé, l'avantage que la désaération avant le traitement à la vapeur est rendue plus facile.It should be noted that the quantity of solution absorbed by the cotton is not determined by expression by compressed air or by suction under vacuum, therefore by operations according to the impregnation proper, but by an appropriate concentration of a suitable wetting agent in the impregnation bath. This way of adjusting the percentage of liquid absorption in cotton has the advantage, compared to compression by compressed air, that deaeration before steam treatment is made easier.

b. Récupération de la solution de blanchiment combinée avec la désaération de l'autoclave.b. Recovery of the bleaching solution combined with deaeration of the autoclave.

Après l'imprégnation décrite ci-dessus, on arrête la pompe 5 et éventuellement la pompe 6, si elle est encore en marche, et on ferme la vanne 26, si elle est ouverte. On ouvre la vanne 45 et on admet ainsi de la vapeur dans la partie supérieure de l'espace extérieur 68. Il est à remarquer que quelle que soit la variante d'imprégnation pratiquée, il y a toujours un coussin d'air au-dessus du liquide qui si trouve dans l'autoclave. La vapeur qui est introduite par l'ouverture de la vanne 45 à travers le conduit 23 dans la partie supérieure de l'autoclave 1, arrive au-dessus du coussin d'air qui forme un écran thermiquement isolant entre la vapeur d'une part et le bain d'autre part.After the impregnation described above, the pump 5 and possibly the pump 6 are stopped, if it is still running, and the valve 26 is closed, if it is open. The valve 45 is opened and steam is thus admitted into the upper part of the external space 68. It should be noted that whatever the variant of impregnation practiced, there is always an air cushion above liquid which if found in the autoclave. The steam which is introduced through the opening of the valve 45 through the conduit 23 in the upper part of the autoclave 1, arrives above the air cushion which forms a thermally insulating screen between the steam on the one hand and the bath on the other hand.

On ouvre la vanne 51. Le bain est refoulé à travers les conduits 10, 14 et 49 vers le réservoir 3. Pendant cette opération de refoulement, le coussin d'air joue le rôle d'isolant thermique et le bain n'est pas sensiblement réchauffé par la vapeur qui le refoule. Le dispositif de mesure de température 50, prévu à l'entrée du conduit 49 mais au-delà de la vanne 51, dans la direction du réservoir 3, commande cette vanne 51. Le dispositif 50 est réglé de façon telle qu'il ferme la vanne lorsque la température à laquelle il est soumis dépasse une valeur déterminée. Cette valeur correspond à la température de la vapeur. L'évacuation de l'autoclave est donc interrompue au moment où la vapeur a atteint le dispositif de mesure de température 50 et a donc dépassé la vanne 51.The valve 51 is opened. The bath is discharged through the conduits 10, 14 and 49 towards the reservoir 3. During this discharge operation, the air cushion acts as a thermal insulator and the bath is not substantially reheated by the steam which discharges it. The temperature measurement device 50, provided at the inlet of the conduit 49 but beyond the valve 51, in the direction of the reservoir 3, controls this valve 51. The device 50 is adjusted so that it closes the valve when the temperature to which it is subjected exceeds a determined value. This value corresponds to the steam temperature. The evacuation of the autoclave is therefore interrupted at the moment when the steam has reached the temperature measuring device 50 and has therefore passed the valve 51.

Le dispositif de mesure de température doit être sensible aussi bien à des liquides qu'à des gaz. La solution de blanchiment arrivée dans le réservoir 3 est, pour autant que nécessaire, reconstituée par l'addition d'agents qui sont admis par les conduits 52 et 54 par les pompes doseuses 53 et 55.The temperature measuring device must be sensitive to both liquids and gases. The bleaching solution arriving in the reservoir 3 is, as far as necessary, reconstituted by the addition of agents which are admitted by the conduits 52 and 54 by the metering pumps 53 and 55.

En effet, la composition de la solution de blanchiment s'est modifiée lors du traitement dans l'autoclave. D'une part, des agents initialement présents dans la solution ont réagi avec les éléments des bobines. D'autre part, des éléments du fil et des produits de réaction sont entrés dans la solution. La solution doit donc être en partie recomposée. Il a été constaté qu'en pratique il est possible d'utiliser une dizaine de fois la même solution de blanchiment si on ajoute après chaque traitement, lorsque la solution a été refoulée vers le réservoir 3, de l'agent de blanchiment et de l'alcali. La composition du bain et sa reconstitution varient suivant le fil à traiter. Si l'agent de blanchiment est du peroxyde d'hydrogène, la concentration de ce dernier et le pH sont à maintenir constants. Le pH peut être déterminé par un pH-mètre et la concentration du peroxyde d'hydrogène peut être déterminée par un titrage au permanganate de potassium.In fact, the composition of the bleaching solution changed during treatment in the autoclave. On the one hand, agents initially present in the solution reacted with the elements of the coils. On the other hand, elements of the wire and reaction products entered the solution. The solution must therefore be partially recomposed. It has been found that in practice it is possible to use the same bleaching solution ten times if, after each treatment, when the solution has been discharged towards the reservoir 3, bleaching agent and l 'alkali. The composition of the bath and its reconstitution vary according to the thread to be treated. If the bleaching agent is hydrogen peroxide, the concentration of the latter and the pH must be kept constant. The pH can be determined by a pH meter and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide can be determined by a titration with potassium permanganate.

Pour du coton brésilien 20/2 la compoisition du bain est par exemple comme suit.

  • 25 cc/I H202 35 %
  • 9 cc/I NaOH, 36° Be
  • 3 g/I stabilisateur organique
  • 0.3 cc/I agent mouillant
  • pH 11
For Brazilian cotton 20/2 the composition of the bath is for example as follows.
  • 25 cc / IH 2 0 2 35%
  • 9 cc / I NaOH, 36 ° Be
  • 3 g / I organic stabilizer
  • 0.3 cc / I wetting agent
  • pH 11

Après chaque traitement, lorsque le liquide ayant servi au traitement a été réintroduit dans le réservoir de préparation 3, on reconstitue le pH en ajoutant de la soude caustique et on reconstitue la concentration en peroxyde d'hydrogène en ajoutant la quantité requise de peroxyde déterminée par titrage au permanganate de potassium.After each treatment, when the liquid used for the treatment has been reintroduced into the preparation tank 3, the pH is reconstituted by adding caustic soda and the hydrogen peroxide concentration is reconstituted by adding the required amount of peroxide determined by titration with potassium permanganate.

c. Traitement à la vapeurvs. Steam treatment

Après la fermeture de la vanne 51, c'est-à-dire lorsque le liquide a été complètement transvasé de l'autoclave 1 vers le réservoir 3, on ouvre également la vanne 47, la vanne 45 demeurant ouverte. De la vapeur est ainsi introduite en haut de l'espace extérieur 68 par le conduit 23 et en bas de l'espace intérieur 67 par le conduit 7. Il est à remarquer que contrairement à ce qui se passe suivant les procédés connus, la vapeur est introduite simultanément et non alternativement dans l'espace intérieur 67 et dans l'espace extérieur 68.After closing the valve 51, that is to say when the liquid has been completely transferred from the autoclave 1 to the tank 3, the valve 47 is also opened, the valve 45 remaining open. Steam is thus introduced at the top of the exterior space 68 through the conduit 23 and at the bottom of the interior space 67 through the conduit 7. It should be noted that, unlike what happens according to known methods, the vapor is introduced simultaneously and not alternately into the interior space 67 and into the exterior space 68.

La vapeur réchauffe ainsi les bobines 69 des deux côtés, donc à partir de l'intérieur et à partir de l'extérieur. La vapeur sert pratiquement uniquement au réchauffement des bobines et le fait que ce réchauffement est réalisé aussi bien à partir de l'intérieur qu'à partir de l'extérieur a comme conséquence qu'il est rapide et aussi uniformément réparti qui possible dans la bobine. Un gradient de température à travers la bobine est ainsi évité. Un gradient de température favoriserait la migration.The steam thus heats the coils 69 on both sides, therefore from the inside and from the outside. The vapor is used practically only for the reheating of the coils and the fact that this reheating is carried out as well from the interior as from the outside has as a consequence that it is fast and as uniformly distributed as possible in the coil . A temperature gradient across the coil is thus avoided. A temperature gradient would favor migration.

Il se produit une certaine condensation à l'intérieur des bobines, ce qui augmente la quantité de liquide absorbé d'environ 150 % à environ 170 %.There is some condensation inside the coils, which increases the amount of liquid absorbed from about 150% to about 170%.

La durée du réchauffement doit être aussi courte que possible afin d'éviter la migration. Cette durée est par exemple d'environ cinq minutes. La température de le vapeur est par exemple de l'ordre de 120 à 130° C.The duration of warming should be as short as possible to avoid migration. This duration is for example approximately five minutes. The steam temperature is for example of the order of 120 to 130 ° C.

On peut par exemple utiliser une vapeur à une pression de 1,4 bar ce qui correspond à une température de 122° C.One can for example use a steam at a pressure of 1.4 bar which corresponds to a temperature of 122 ° C.

Le traitement à la vapeur continue après le réchauffement.Steam treatment continues after heating.

La durée de ce traitement dépend de la nature du coton et de la composition du bain de blanchiment préalablement utilisé, mais est par exemple de l'ordre de 15 minutes.The duration of this treatment depends on the nature of the cotton and the composition of the bleaching bath previously used, but is for example of the order of 15 minutes.

La durée optimale est à déterminer préalablement pour chaque coton à traiter et pour chaque composition particulière de la solution de blanchiment.The optimal duration is to be determined beforehand for each cotton to be treated and for each particular composition of the bleaching solution.

Pour que des résultats identiques soient obtenus par chaque traitement, il faut que la durée du traitement à la vapeur soit constante, cette durée étant à compter à partir du moment où les bobines ont atteint leur température maximale.For identical results to be obtained by each treatment, the duration of the steam treatment must be constant, this duration being counted from the moment when the coils have reached their maximum temperature.

Pour réaliser cette durée constante, on introduit le dispositif de mesure de température 66 à l'intérieur d'une bobine 69 et on fait commander par ce dispositif 66, en fonction de la température mesurée, les vannes 45, 47 et 15.To achieve this constant duration, the temperature measuring device 66 is inserted inside a coil 69 and the valves 45, 47 and 15 are controlled by this device 66, depending on the temperature measured.

La comande doit être telle que le dispositif de mesure de température 66, lorsque la température maximale prédéterminée est atteinte dans la bobine, met en marche une minuterie qui, après une durée déterminée, par exemple de 12 minutes, ferme les vannes 45 et 47 et ouvre la vanne 15.The control must be such that the temperature measuring device 66, when the predetermined maximum temperature is reached in the coil, starts a timer which, after a determined duration, for example of 12 minutes, closes the valves 45 and 47 and opens valve 15.

Les bobines 69 sont ainsi traitées à la vapeur pendant une durée fixe, par exemple de l'ordre de 12 minutes, à partir du moment où ces bobines sont réchauffées d'une façon suffisante pour que la température de traitement ait atteint la zone médiane de la bobine.The coils 69 are thus steam treated for a fixed period, for example of the order of 12 minutes, from the moment when these coils are sufficiently heated so that the treatment temperature has reached the median zone of the coil.

La fermeture des vannes 45 et 47 et l'ouverture de la vanne 15 résultent dans une décompression de l'autoclave.The closure of valves 45 and 47 and the opening of valve 15 results in decompression of the autoclave.

Quand il n'y a plus de surpression à l'intérieur de l'autoclave 1, on ferme la vanne 15 et on procède aux phases suivantes de traitement.When there is no more overpressure inside the autoclave 1, the valve 15 is closed and the following stages of treatment are carried out.

Comme il a été représenté en pointillés aux figures 1 et 3, le couvercle de l'autoclave 1 peut être relié directment au conduit 25. Dans ce cas les conduits 23 et 24 peuvent être omis dans la forme de réalisation suivant la figure 1 et le conduit 23 peut être omis dans la forme de réalisation suivant la figure 3.As shown in dotted lines in Figures 1 and 3, the cover of the autoclave 1 can be connected directly to the conduit 25. In this case the conduits 23 and 24 can be omitted in the embodiment according to Figure 1 and the conduit 23 can be omitted in the embodiment according to FIG. 3.

Dans ce cas, le débordement de l'autoclave 1 se fait par le conduit 24', soit vers la cuve d'expansion 2 si la vanne 26 est ouverte, soit vers le conduit général d'évacuation 13 si la vanne 26 est fermée. Pour le débordement de l'autoclave 1 le conduit 24' joue donc le rôle des conduits 23 et 24 des formes de réalisation suivant les figures 1 et 3.In this case, the overflow of the autoclave 1 takes place via the conduit 24 ′, either towards the expansion tank 2 if the valve 26 is open, or towards the general evacuation conduit 13 if the valve 26 is closed. For the overflow of the autoclave 1, the conduit 24 ′ therefore plays the role of the conduits 23 and 24 of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 3.

Le conduit 24' permet également, dans la forme de réalisation selon la figure 3, l'introduction de vapeur dans la partie supérieure de l'espace extérieur 68 si la vanne 45 est ouverte. En effet, la vapeur peut alors passer à travers les conduits 43, 44, 24, 25 et 24' dans la partie supérieure de cet espace extérieur 68. Tout ceci ne modifie pas les fonctions décrites ci-dessus de l'installation connue de la figure 1 et de l'installation suivant l'invention de la figure 3.The conduit 24 ′ also allows, in the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the introduction of steam into the upper part of the exterior space 68 if the valve 45 is open. Indeed, the steam can then pass through the conduits 43, 44, 24, 25 and 24 'in the upper part of this external space 68. All of this does not modify the functions described above of the known installation of the Figure 1 and the installation according to the invention of Figure 3.

Il doit être entendu que l'invention n'est nullement limitée aux formes d'exécution décrites ci-avant et que bien des modifications peuvent y être apportées, notamment quant à la forme, au nombre, à la composition et à la disposition des éléments intervenant dans sa réalisation.It should be understood that the invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described above and that many modifications can be made to it, in particular as to the form, number, composition and arrangement of the elements involved in its realization.

Claims (8)

1. Method of bleaching and dyeing yarn bobbins according to which the yarn bobbins are cold impregnated with a treatment liquid inside a kier, the liquid is discharged from the kier and the yarn bobbins are treated with steam inside the kier, characterized in that the impregnation is performed leaving an air cushion above the liquid inside the kier and the liquid is discharged from the kier by introducing steam above the air cushion, the discharge being stopped when the steam reaches the liquid discharge outlet.
2. Method of bleaching and dyeing according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the steam treatment is regulated for a pre-determined duration counted from the moment that a determined temperature is reached inside a bobbin.
3. Installation for bleaching and dyeing yarn bobbins comprising:
- a kier (1) fitted with a material-holder which bounds together with bobbins (69), a first space (67) inside the bobbins and a second space (68) outside the bobbins,
- pipes (7-8-9-10) connecting this first space (67) to this second space (68),
- a flow pump (5) cut-in into one of these pipes,
- a preparation tank (3) for the treatment liquid,
- connecting pipes (19-31) from this tank (3) to said pipes (7-8-9-10),
- a steam source (43),
- connection (46-7) from this steam source to this first space,
- a connection (44-23) from this steam source to the top portion of this second space (68) and
-a pipe (10-14-49) connecting the bottom portion of the second space (68) to the top portion of the preparation tank (3),

characterized in that it comprises a pressurized air source (41) connecting to the top portion of the second space, and in that the pipe (10-14-49) connecting the bottom portion of the second space to the top portion of the preparation tank (3) comprises a temperature-measuring device (50) which controls above a pre-determined temperature the closing of a valve (51) inserted in this pipe.
4. Installation according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the temperature-measuring device (50) is arranged between said vale (51) and the preparation tank (3).
5. Installation according to either one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that it comprises a temperature-measuring device (66) for the yarn inside a bobbin.
6. Installation according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said temperature-measuring device (66) for the yarn inside a bobbin controls a timer which at its turn controls at least one valve (45-47) in at least one connection (44-46) from the steam source to said spaces (67-68).
7. Installation according to either one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the preparation tank (3) is provided with an automatic titrating device (72) controlling a metering pump (53) inserted in a pipe (52) for feeding bleaching agent to the preparation tank (3).
8. Installation according to either one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the preparation tank (3) is provided with a pH meter (73) controlling a metering pump (55) inserted in a pipe (54) for feeding alkali to the preparation tank (3).
EP80200341A 1979-04-19 1980-04-15 Method of bleaching and dyeing yarn bobbins and apparatus for using this method Expired EP0018047B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE57740 1979-04-19
BE2/57740A BE875692A (en) 1979-04-19 1979-04-19 WIRE SPOOL BLEACHING AND DYING PLANT AND PROCESSES IMPLEMENTED BY THIS PLANT

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0018047A1 EP0018047A1 (en) 1980-10-29
EP0018047B1 true EP0018047B1 (en) 1983-12-21

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80200341A Expired EP0018047B1 (en) 1979-04-19 1980-04-15 Method of bleaching and dyeing yarn bobbins and apparatus for using this method

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US (1) US4300251A (en)
EP (1) EP0018047B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5620664A (en)
BE (1) BE875692A (en)
DE (1) DE3065934D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8104461A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0330690B1 (en) * 1987-08-29 1992-10-21 Xorella AG Process and device for steaming cross-wound bobbins
DE3943130A1 (en) * 1989-12-28 1991-07-04 Palitex Project Co Gmbh REEL COIL FOR A FIXING REEL AND METHOD FOR FIXING AND DYING YARN
US6238441B1 (en) 1998-07-29 2001-05-29 Burlington Industries, Inc. Hydrophilic yarn dyed polyester process
CN1203563C (en) * 2001-07-10 2005-05-25 松下电器产业株式会社 Manufacturing method of base material for polar plate, manufacturing method of positive plate and alkaline storage battery
KR101226983B1 (en) * 2011-04-14 2013-02-06 한미타올 주식회사 Manufacturing apparatus for deodoring yarn and manufacturing method for deodoring yarn using the same

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US480102A (en) * 1892-08-02 Island
GB190814780A (en) * 1908-07-11 1909-07-01 Harold Williamson Lake Improvements in and relating to Machinery for Manufacturing Curved Printing Plates.
US1269934A (en) * 1915-07-01 1918-06-18 Eugene Holt Beam dyeing-machine.
US1482795A (en) * 1920-11-23 1924-02-05 Eugene D Jefferson Vomiting kier
US1779831A (en) * 1925-06-22 1930-10-28 Francis J Stokes Method of finishing yarns or fabrics
SE328842B (en) * 1968-05-31 1970-09-28 Friedrich W J Karrer
BE763142A (en) * 1970-06-24 1971-07-16 Clermont Vinas Maria T Epouse Autoclave for dyeing textiles
US4079603A (en) * 1973-10-16 1978-03-21 Niels Bergholtz & Company K/B Apparatus for liquid treatment, particularly for textile material dyeing
DE2456250C3 (en) * 1974-11-28 1984-03-22 Then Maschinen- und Apparatebau GmbH, 7170 Schwäbisch Hall Method and device for dyeing yarn-like or fibrous textile goods arranged in a dyeing vessel in the packing or attachment system
DE2737152A1 (en) * 1977-08-17 1979-03-01 Obermaier & Cie Textile dyeing unit - uses a fluid feed system which operates at intervals to deliver dye to textiles in a vessel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES490714A0 (en) 1981-04-01
BE875692A (en) 1979-10-19
JPS5620664A (en) 1981-02-26
US4300251A (en) 1981-11-17
EP0018047A1 (en) 1980-10-29
ES8104461A1 (en) 1981-04-01
DE3065934D1 (en) 1984-01-26

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