EP0017885A1 - Corona-effect loudspeaker - Google Patents

Corona-effect loudspeaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0017885A1
EP0017885A1 EP80101847A EP80101847A EP0017885A1 EP 0017885 A1 EP0017885 A1 EP 0017885A1 EP 80101847 A EP80101847 A EP 80101847A EP 80101847 A EP80101847 A EP 80101847A EP 0017885 A1 EP0017885 A1 EP 0017885A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
legs
transformer
shield
magnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80101847A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0017885B1 (en
Inventor
Siegfried Dr. Klein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KLEIN, SIEGFRIED, DR.
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to AT80101847T priority Critical patent/ATE8311T1/en
Publication of EP0017885A1 publication Critical patent/EP0017885A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0017885B1 publication Critical patent/EP0017885B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
    • H05K9/0007—Casings
    • H05K9/002—Casings with localised screening
    • H05K9/0022—Casings with localised screening of components mounted on printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
    • H01F27/363—Electric or magnetic shields or screens made of electrically conductive material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S336/00—Inductor devices
    • Y10S336/02—Separable

Definitions

  • a transformer is located in the vicinity of a device which generates electromagnetic waves during operation, such as a high-frequency oscillator, and the overall device is arranged within a shield which prevents the emission of electromagnetic waves to the outside, it can still be seen that these electromagnetic waves are themselves via the electrical connecting lines, which are necessarily through the metallic Shield are passed through, spread out. This propagation of electromagnetic waves over the electrical connecting lines can be suppressed to a large extent in a known manner by carefully selecting self-inductors and capacitors of suitable values to be connected into the supply lines.
  • electroacoustic transducers work with a modulated corona discharge, which produces fluctuations in compressed air in the ambient air and allows a tone of remarkable purity to be achieved.
  • the object of the present invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the known shielded circuits and to provide such a circuit which can be used, in particular, but not exclusively, for electroacoustic transducers of the type mentioned and which completely prevents the propagation of electromagnetic waves outside the metallic shield.
  • This object is achieved in that the primary winding of the transformer inside and the secondary winding of the transformer are arranged outside the metal shield, so that they are completely isolated from each other with respect to the transmission of electromagnetic radiation to the outside, but magnetically with each other by the Ab shield are connected through.
  • the individual windings of the transformer are completely isolated from one another with respect to the transmission of electromagnetic waves to the outside, but they are magnetically connected to one another through the shielding.
  • the metallic shield has a thin plate made of a practically non-magnetic metal with a very low specific conductivity.
  • the magnetic field of the transformer can reach through this plate, but together with the other parts of the shield it forms a housing that is sealed against electromagnetic waves.
  • the primary winding of the transformer is arranged on one side of this thin plate, the secondary winding on the other side.
  • the invention Using an exemplary embodiment specifically described for the application for an electroacoustic transducer, as it is known under the name "Ionophone". It should be emphasized, however, that the present invention can also be used in all those cases in which one wishes to completely prevent the spread of electromagnetic interference radiation into the external environment. For example, the present invention is also applicable to an infeed device for waveguides.
  • the shielded circuit shown in Figures 1 and 2 shows in a known manner an RF oscillator 1, the output signal of which is modulated by a modulation transformer 2, and an RF transformer 3 which converts the modulated high-frequency signal into an RF voltage of the order of a few kilovolts transformed and whose output is connected to the means of K orona bin-working, not shown electroacoustic transducer.
  • RF oscillator 1 the output signal of which is modulated by a modulation transformer 2
  • an RF transformer 3 which converts the modulated high-frequency signal into an RF voltage of the order of a few kilovolts transformed and whose output is connected to the means of K orona bin-working, not shown electroacoustic transducer.
  • the DC voltage required for the operation of the HF oscillator 1 is generated in a known manner via a mains transformer 4 and via a suitable rectifier and filter circuit, not shown.
  • a metal chassis 5 which is covered by a housing 6, also made of metal.
  • This housing 6 is detachably connected to the chassis 5, for example by means of screws 7.
  • the chassis 5, together with the upper plate 8 of the chassis 5, forms a Faraday cage which reproduces the propagation of electromagnetic waves which are generated by the RF oscillator 1 prevented on the outside.
  • the electroacoustic, corona effect transducer is usually directly on the housing 6 or even partially in Arranged inside this housing 6.
  • the modulation transformer 2 and the mains transformer 4 were arranged entirely inside the shield, which is formed by the plate 8 of the chassis 5 and the housing 6.
  • the electrical lines which supply the low-frequency signal for the modulation and the line voltage to the modulation transformer 2 or the line transformer 4 must necessarily pass through this shield.
  • the precautionary measures taken to prevent the electromagnetic waves generated by the HF oscillator from spreading outwards through these electrical feed lines leaks cannot be avoided, so that electromagnetic interference radiation is also present outside the shielding. Although it is extremely weak, this is still sufficient to disrupt the operation of television receivers which are set up in the vicinity of the sound transmitter equipped with the electroacoustic transducer.
  • the present invention makes it possible to completely avoid this disadvantage by separating the primary winding and the secondary winding of each of the two transformers 2 and 4, the one winding being arranged inside, the other winding being arranged outside the plate 8.
  • the magnetic coupling between the two windings through the plate 8 is retained.
  • the modulation transformer 2 is operated in the same way.
  • the magnetic circuit of the mains transformer 4 is divided into two partial areas 9 and 10, of which the first carries the primary winding 11 and the second carries the secondary winding 12.
  • Both sections 9, 10 of the transformer 4 are opposed to one another on one and the other side of the upper plate 8 of the chassis 5, in this position they are held, for example, by means of two mounting brackets 13 and 14. These in turn are fastened to the plate 8 by means of screws 15.
  • Each of the two partial areas 9 and 10 of the magnetic circuit is formed by a packet of magnetic sheets which have an E-cut in a known manner.
  • the windings 11 and 12 are applied to the central projection. This projection forms the magnetic core.
  • the two outer legs of the E close the magnetic circuit.
  • the legs of the partial area 9 are in contact with the upper surface of the plate 8, the legs of the partial area 10 are in contact with the lower surface of this plate 8, namely in alignment with the legs of the partial area 9.
  • the plate 8 must not form a magnetic shunt between the two partial areas 9 and 10 of the magnetic circuit flux. Accordingly, the plate 8 must be made of an amagnetic material which is also as low magnetic as possible. In addition, in order not to reduce the efficiency of the transformer, the plate must be as thin as possible in order not to form too large a gap between the partial regions 9 and 10 of the magnetic circuit. Finally, since the plate 8 rotates closed around the legs and therefore represents a short-circuit turn, it must advantageously be made of a metal that has a very low electrical conductivity in order to keep losses due to the Joule effect in the plate 8 low. For example, this plate can be made of stainless steel.
  • the plate 8 should be as thin as possible. However, this condition may not be compatible with sufficient mechanical strength that the chassis 5 must have in order to be able to carry the individual components of the device. To remedy this, a large rectangular opening can be provided in the plate 8, which is closed by means of a thin rectangular plate 17. This is made of a magnetic material with a low electrical conductivity, for example stainless steel. It is shown in Fig. 2. The plate 17 may be attached to the plate 8 by welding or other suitable fastening methods. The two partial areas 9 and 10 of the magnetic circuit are each arranged on one side of this plate 17, corresponding to that shown in FIG. 1.
  • the plate 8 or possibly the plate 17, if such is provided is provided with a number of openings which corresponds to the number of legs of the partial regions 9 and 10 of the magnetic circuit.
  • these are the three openings 18, 19 and 20, since in the case shown the partial areas 9 and 10 have an E-cut.
  • Each of the openings 18, 19 and 20 have dimensions that correspond exactly to the cross section of the legs mentioned.
  • the legs of one of the two partial areas of the magnetic circuit, in the example shown, those of partial area 10 extend through these openings and are joined together with the legs of the other section 9 of the magnetic circuit.
  • the two partial areas 9 and 10 are held in this position by means of the tensioning bracket 13 and 14.
  • the edges of the openings have an upward bend 21, which is advantageously formed in the plate 8 or 17 around each of the openings 18, 19 and 20 during the pressing or stamping process.
  • the tabs 21 are in direct contact with the sheets of the magnetic circuit.
  • the magnetic circuit of the transformer - in a known manner - has an arcuate laminated core area in the form of an E, the central leg of which carries the primary and secondary windings 11 and 12, and a yoke 23, also layered from sheet metal, with which the magnetic flux is closed and which connects the legs of the partial region 22 to one another.
  • the winding 12 is first pushed onto the central leg of the area 22, then the three legs of the area 22 are pushed through the openings 18, 19 and 20 of the plate 8 or 17, approximately up to half the height of these three legs.
  • the primary winding 11 is then pushed onto the central leg of the area 22 and the yoke 23 is attached to the free ends of these three legs.
  • the entire transformer 4 is held by means of clamping brackets 13 and 14 (these are not shown in FIG. 4). This is done in a corresponding manner, as already shown in FIG. 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
  • Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)
  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
  • Logic Circuits (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Noise Elimination (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)

Abstract

A corona effect sound emitter including a discharge electrode producing corona discharge and surrounded by a spherical counter electrode is partially inserted in a housing which encloses a high frequency generator, modulation transformer and a power supply transformer of which the power supply transformer supplies the discharge electrode with electric current. A thin plate of a magnetic metal transversally extends in the housing so that secondary windings of the transformers are positioned above the plate and are separated from the primary windings of the transformers disposed below the plate.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine abgeschirmte elektrische Schaltung mit

  • - einem Generator, der im Betrieb elektromagnetische Störstrahlung erzeugt,
  • - mindestens einem Transformator, der elektrisch mit dem Generator der elektromagnetischen Störstrahlung verbunden ist und
  • - einer metallischen Abschirmung, die den Generator und den Transformator umgibt und einen Faraday-Käfig zur Verhinderung einer Abstrahlung der elektromagnetischen Störstrahlung nach außen bildet.
The invention relates to a shielded electrical circuit
  • - a generator that generates electromagnetic interference during operation,
  • - At least one transformer that is electrically connected to the generator of electromagnetic interference and
  • - A metallic shield that surrounds the generator and the transformer and forms a Faraday cage to prevent radiation of the electromagnetic interference radiation to the outside.

Befindet sich ein Transformator in Nähe einer Einrichtung, die im Betrieb elektromagnetische Wellen erzeugt, wie beispielsweise ein Hochfrequenzoszillator, und ist die Gesamtvorrichtung innerhalb einer Abschirmung angeordnet, die die Abstrahlung elektromagnetischer Wellen nach außen verhindert, so kann man dennoch feststellen, daß diese elektromagnetischen Wellen sich über die elektrischen Verbindungsleitungen, welche notwendigerweise durch die metallische Abschirmung hindurchgeführt sind, ausbreiten. Diese Ausbreitung elektromagnetischer Wellen über die elektrischen Verbindungsleitungen kann in großem Umfang in bekannter Weise dadurch unterdrückt werden, daß sorgfältig ausgewählte Selbstinduktionen und Kondensatoren geeigneter Werte in die Zuleitungen eingeschaltet werden.If a transformer is located in the vicinity of a device which generates electromagnetic waves during operation, such as a high-frequency oscillator, and the overall device is arranged within a shield which prevents the emission of electromagnetic waves to the outside, it can still be seen that these electromagnetic waves are themselves via the electrical connecting lines, which are necessarily through the metallic Shield are passed through, spread out. This propagation of electromagnetic waves over the electrical connecting lines can be suppressed to a large extent in a known manner by carefully selecting self-inductors and capacitors of suitable values to be connected into the supply lines.

Doch auch trotz dieser Vorsichtsmaßnahme können sehr geringe Abstrahlungen elektromagnetischer Wellen über die Zuleitungen nicht vermieden werden. Wenn diese Abstrahlungen auch gering sein mögen, selbst wenn sie etwa 100 Mikrovolt betragen, so können sie doch deutlich die Funktion verschiedener Haushaltsgeräte stören, insbesondere Fernsehempfänger, die in größerer oder kleinerer Entfernung betrieben werden. Hierin liegt ein Nachteil der elektromagnetischen Wandler oder Schallsender, die unter dem Namen '?onophone" bekannt und insbesondere in der FR-PS 1 041 790 beschrieben sind, sowie der zu diesem Patent gehörenden Zusatzmeldungen desselben Anmelders.However, even with this precaution, very low emissions of electromagnetic waves via the supply lines cannot be avoided. Although these emissions may be low, even if they are around 100 microvolts, they can clearly interfere with the function of various household appliances, particularly television receivers that are operated at greater or lesser distances. This is a disadvantage of the electromagnetic transducers or sound transmitters, which are known under the name "? Onophone" and are described in particular in FR-PS 1 041 790, and the additional applications belonging to this patent belonging to the same applicant.

Diese elektroakustischen Wandler arbeiten mit einer modulierten Koronaentladung, die in der Umgebungsluft Druckluftschwankungen erzeugt und einen Ton von bemerkenswerter Reinheit zu erzielen gestattet.These electroacoustic transducers work with a modulated corona discharge, which produces fluctuations in compressed air in the ambient air and allows a tone of remarkable purity to be achieved.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, die Nachteile der bekannten abgeschirmten Schaltungen zu vermeiden und eine derartige Schaltung zu schaffen, die insbesondere - jedoch nicht ausschließlich - für elektroakustische Wandler des bezeichneten Typs einsetzbar ist und die vollständig die Ausbreitung elektromagnetischer Wellen außerhalb der metallischen Abschirmung unterbindet.The object of the present invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the known shielded circuits and to provide such a circuit which can be used, in particular, but not exclusively, for electroacoustic transducers of the type mentioned and which completely prevents the propagation of electromagnetic waves outside the metallic shield.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß die Primärwicklung des Transformators im Inneren und die Sekundärwicklung des Transformators außerhalb der Metallabschirmung angeordnet sind, so daß sie vollständig voneinander hinsichtlich der Weiterleitung elektromagnetischer Strahlung nach außen isoliert sind, jedoch magnetisch miteinander durch die Abschirmung hindurch verbunden sind.This object is achieved in that the primary winding of the transformer inside and the secondary winding of the transformer are arranged outside the metal shield, so that they are completely isolated from each other with respect to the transmission of electromagnetic radiation to the outside, but magnetically with each other by the Ab shield are connected through.

Die einzelnen Wicklungen des Transformators sind in bezug auf die Weiterleitung elektromagnetischer Wellen nach außen hin vollständig voneinander isoliert, magnetisch sind sie jedoch durch die Abschirmung hindurch miteinander verbunden.The individual windings of the transformer are completely isolated from one another with respect to the transmission of electromagnetic waves to the outside, but they are magnetically connected to one another through the shielding.

In bevorzugter Ausführung der Erfindung hat die metallische Abschirmung eine dünne Platte aus einem praktisch amagnetischen und eine sehr geringe spezifische Leitfähigkeit aufweisenden Metall. Durch diese Platte kann das Magnetfeld des Transformators hindurchgreifen, sie bildet jedoch zusammen mit den übrigen Teilen der Abschirmung ein für elektromagnetische Wellen dichtes Gehäuse. Dabei ist die Primärwicklung des Transformators auf der einen Seite dieser dünnen Platte, die Sekundärwicklung auf der anderen Seite angeordnet.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the metallic shield has a thin plate made of a practically non-magnetic metal with a very low specific conductivity. The magnetic field of the transformer can reach through this plate, but together with the other parts of the shield it forms a housing that is sealed against electromagnetic waves. The primary winding of the transformer is arranged on one side of this thin plate, the secondary winding on the other side.

Bei einer derartigen Anordnung gibt es keine elektrischen Verbindungsleitungen, die durch die Abschirmung hindurchlaufen, so daß elektromagnetische Abstrahlungen vom Inneren nach außen hin vollständig unterdrückt werden.With such an arrangement, there are no electrical connecting lines that run through the shield, so that electromagnetic radiation from the inside to the outside is completely suppressed.

Weitere Ausbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche. y Further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. y

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung dargestellt und näher erläutert. In dieser Zeichnung zeigen

  • F i g . 1 eine Seitenansicht auf ein Abschirmgehäuse gemäß der Erfindung, teilweise als Schnittbild ausgeführt,
  • F i g . 2 eine Draufsicht auf die abgeschirmte Schaltung gemäß Fig. 1, gewisse Bauteile sind aus Gründen der deutlicheren Darstellung nicht gezeigt,
  • F i g . 3 ein Schnittbild entlang der Schnittlinie III-III in Fig. 2 und
  • F i g. 4 eine Darstellung entsprechend Fig. 3 auf ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel.
Embodiments of the invention are illustrated below with reference to the drawing and explained in more detail. Show in this drawing
  • Fig. 1 shows a side view of a shielding housing according to the invention, partly as a sectional view,
  • Fig. 2 shows a top view of the shielded circuit according to FIG. 1, certain components are not shown for reasons of clarity,
  • F i g. 3 is a sectional view along the section line III-III in FIG. 2 and
  • F i g. 4 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 3 on another exemplary embodiment.

In der folgenden Beschreibung wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles speziell für die Anwendung für einen elektroakustischen Wandler beschrieben, wie er unter der Bezeichnung "Ionophone" bekannt ist. Dabei ist jedoch besonders zu betonen, daß die vorliegende Erfindung ebenfalls in all denjenigen Fällen Anwendung finden kann, in denen man vollständig eine Ausbreitung elektromagnetischer Störstrahlung in die äußere Umgebung verhindern möchte. Beispielsweise ist die vorliegende Erfindung ebenfalls für eine Einspeiseeinrichtung von Wellenleitern anwendbar.In the following description, the invention Using an exemplary embodiment specifically described for the application for an electroacoustic transducer, as it is known under the name "Ionophone". It should be emphasized, however, that the present invention can also be used in all those cases in which one wishes to completely prevent the spread of electromagnetic interference radiation into the external environment. For example, the present invention is also applicable to an infeed device for waveguides.

Die in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellte abgeschirmte Schaltung zeigt in bekannter Weise einen HF-Oszillator 1, dessen Ausgangssignal über einen Modulationstransformator 2 moduliert wird, sowie einen HF-Transformator 3, der das modulierte Hochfrequenzsignal in eine HF-Spannung der Größenordnung von einigen Kilovolt transformiert und dessen Ausgang mit dem mittels Koronaeffekt arbeitenden, nicht dargestellten elektroakustischen Wandler verbunden ist. Ein Schema für eine mögliche Verbindung dieser einzelnen Bauteile untereinander ist zum Beispiel in der oben erwähnten FR-Patentschrift gegeben.The shielded circuit shown in Figures 1 and 2 shows in a known manner an RF oscillator 1, the output signal of which is modulated by a modulation transformer 2, and an RF transformer 3 which converts the modulated high-frequency signal into an RF voltage of the order of a few kilovolts transformed and whose output is connected to the means of K oronaeffekt-working, not shown electroacoustic transducer. A scheme for a possible connection of these individual components to one another is given, for example, in the FR patent mentioned above.

Die für den Betrieb des HF-Oszillators 1 benötigte Gleichspannung wird in bekannter Weise über einen Netztransformator 4 und über eine geeignete, nicht dargestellte Gleichrichter- und Siebschaltung erzeugt.The DC voltage required for the operation of the HF oscillator 1 is generated in a known manner via a mains transformer 4 and via a suitable rectifier and filter circuit, not shown.

Diese Bauteile sind - wie an sich bekannt- auf einem Metallchassis 5 montiert, das von einem Gehäuse 6, ebenfalls aus Metall, abgedeckt ist. Dieses Gehäuse 6 ist lösbar mit dem Chassis 5 verbunden, beispielsweise über Schrauben 7. Das Chassis 5 bildet zusammen mit der oberen Platte 8 des Chassis 5 einen Faraday-Käfig, der die Ausbreitung elektromagnetischer Wellen, die vom HF-Oszillator 1 erzeugt werden, nach außen hin verhindert. Der elektroakustische, mit Koronaeffekt arbeitende Wandler wird gewöhnlich unmittelbar auf dem Gehäuse 6 oder sogar teilweise im Inneren dieses Gehäuses 6 angeordnet.These components are - as is known per se - mounted on a metal chassis 5, which is covered by a housing 6, also made of metal. This housing 6 is detachably connected to the chassis 5, for example by means of screws 7. The chassis 5, together with the upper plate 8 of the chassis 5, forms a Faraday cage which reproduces the propagation of electromagnetic waves which are generated by the RF oscillator 1 prevented on the outside. The electroacoustic, corona effect transducer is usually directly on the housing 6 or even partially in Arranged inside this housing 6.

In den bekannten Geräten dieser Art waren der Modulationstransformator 2 und der Netztransformator 4 vollständig im Inneren der Abschirmung angeordnet, die von der Platte 8 des Chassis 5 und dem Gehäuse 6 gebildet wird. Daraus folgt aber, daß die elektrischen Leitungen, die das Niederfrequenzsignal für die Modulation und die Netzspannung dem Modulationstransformator 2 beziehungsweise dem Netztransformator 4 zuführen, notwendigerweise durch diese Abschirmung hindurchlaufen müssen. Trotz aller Vorsichtsmaßnahmen, die herangezogen wurden, um eine Ausbreitung der vom HF-Oszillator erzeugten elektromagnetischen Wellen über diese elektrischen Zuleitungen nach außen hin zu vermeiden, lassen sich doch Undichtigkeiten nicht vermeiden, so daß elektromagnetische Störstrahlung auch außerhalb der Abschirmung vorliegt. Diese ist, wenn sie auch ausgesprochen schwach ist, noch ausreichend, um den Betrieb von Fernsehempfängern, die in der Nähe des mit dem elektroakustischen Wandler ausgerüsteten Schallsenders aufgestellt sind, zu stören.In the known devices of this type, the modulation transformer 2 and the mains transformer 4 were arranged entirely inside the shield, which is formed by the plate 8 of the chassis 5 and the housing 6. However, it follows from this that the electrical lines which supply the low-frequency signal for the modulation and the line voltage to the modulation transformer 2 or the line transformer 4 must necessarily pass through this shield. Despite all the precautionary measures taken to prevent the electromagnetic waves generated by the HF oscillator from spreading outwards through these electrical feed lines, leaks cannot be avoided, so that electromagnetic interference radiation is also present outside the shielding. Although it is extremely weak, this is still sufficient to disrupt the operation of television receivers which are set up in the vicinity of the sound transmitter equipped with the electroacoustic transducer.

Die vorliegende Erfindung ermöglicht es, diesen Nachteil vollständig zu vermeiden, indem die Primärwicklung und die Sekundärwicklung jedes der beiden Transformatoren 2 und 4 voneinander getrennt werden, wobei die eine Wicklung im Inneren, .die andere Wicklung außerhalb der Platte 8 angeordnet wird. Dabei bleibt jedoch die magnetische Kopplung zwischen den beiden Wicklungen durch die Platte 8 hindurch erhalten. Dadurch gibt es keine einzige elektrische Verbindung, die durch die Abschirmung hindurchläuft. Alle Undichtigkeiten für elektromagnetische Strahlungen sind vollständig eliminiert.The present invention makes it possible to completely avoid this disadvantage by separating the primary winding and the secondary winding of each of the two transformers 2 and 4, the one winding being arranged inside, the other winding being arranged outside the plate 8. However, the magnetic coupling between the two windings through the plate 8 is retained. As a result, there is not a single electrical connection that runs through the shield. All leaks for electromagnetic radiation are completely eliminated.

Im folgenden wird diese Trennung der Wicklungen am Beispiel des Netztransformators 4 erläutert, wobei jedoch betont werden soll, daß der Modulationstransformator 2 in gleicher Weise betrieben wird.
Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, ist der magnetische Kreis des Netztransformators 4 in zwei Teilbereiche 9 und 10 aufgeteilt, von denen der erste die Primärwicklung 11 und der zweite die Sekundärwicklung 12 trägt. Beide Teilbereiche 9, 10 des Transformators 4 sind einander gegenübergestellt auf der einen und der anderen Seite der oberen Platte 8 des Chassis 5, in dieser Position sind sie beispielsweise mittels zweier Befestigungsbügel 13 und 14 gehalten. Diese wiederum sind über Schrauben 15 an der Platte 8 befestigt.This separation of the windings is explained below using the example of the mains transformer 4, but it should be emphasized that the modulation transformer 2 is operated in the same way.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the magnetic circuit of the mains transformer 4 is divided into two partial areas 9 and 10, of which the first carries the primary winding 11 and the second carries the secondary winding 12. Both sections 9, 10 of the transformer 4 are opposed to one another on one and the other side of the upper plate 8 of the chassis 5, in this position they are held, for example, by means of two mounting brackets 13 and 14. These in turn are fastened to the plate 8 by means of screws 15.

Jeder der beiden Teilbereiche 9 und 10 des magnetischen Kreises wird von einem Paket Magnetbleche gebildet, die in bekannter Weise einen E-Schnitt haben. Auf dem mittleren Vorsprung sind die Wicklungen 11 beziehungsweise 12 aufgebracht. Dieser Vorsprung bildet den magnetischen Kern. Die beiden äußeren Schenkel des E schließen den magnetischen Kreis. Die Schenkel des Teilbereichs 9 sind in Kontakt mit der oberen Fläche der Platte 8, die Schenkel des Teilbereichs 10 befinden sich in Kontakt mit der unteren Fläche dieser Platte 8, und zwar in Ausrichtung mit den Schenkeln des Teilbereichs 9.Each of the two partial areas 9 and 10 of the magnetic circuit is formed by a packet of magnetic sheets which have an E-cut in a known manner. The windings 11 and 12 are applied to the central projection. This projection forms the magnetic core. The two outer legs of the E close the magnetic circuit. The legs of the partial area 9 are in contact with the upper surface of the plate 8, the legs of the partial area 10 are in contact with the lower surface of this plate 8, namely in alignment with the legs of the partial area 9.

Damit der Transformator 4 einen vernünftigen Wirkungsgrad hat, darf die Platte 8 keinen magnetischen Nebenschluß zwischen den beiden Teilbereichen 9 und 10 des magnetischen Kreisflusses bilden. Demzufolge muß die Platte 8 aus einem amagnetischen Material hergestellt sein, das zudem so gering wie möglich magnetisch ist. Zudem muß die Platte, um nicht den Wirkungsgrad des Transformators zu verringern, so dünn wie möglich sein, um keinen zu großen Spalt zwischen den Teilbereichen 9 und 10 des magnetischen Kreises zu bilden. Schließlich muß die Platte 8, da sie die Schenkel geschlossen umläuft und deshalb eine Kurzschlußwindung darstellt, vorteilhafterweise aus einem Metall hergestellt sein, das eine sehr geringe elektrische Leitfähigkeit aufweist, um Verluste aufgrund des Joule-Effekts in der Platte 8 gering zu halten. Beispielsweise kann diese Platte aus nichtrostendem Stahl gefertigt sein.So that the transformer 4 has a reasonable efficiency, the plate 8 must not form a magnetic shunt between the two partial areas 9 and 10 of the magnetic circuit flux. Accordingly, the plate 8 must be made of an amagnetic material which is also as low magnetic as possible. In addition, in order not to reduce the efficiency of the transformer, the plate must be as thin as possible in order not to form too large a gap between the partial regions 9 and 10 of the magnetic circuit. Finally, since the plate 8 rotates closed around the legs and therefore represents a short-circuit turn, it must advantageously be made of a metal that has a very low electrical conductivity in order to keep losses due to the Joule effect in the plate 8 low. For example, this plate can be made of stainless steel.

Wie gerade beschrieben worden ist, soll die Platte 8 so dünn wie möglich sein. Diese Bedingung ist jedochmöglicherweise nicht in Einklang zu bringen mit ausreichender mechanischer Festigkeit, die das Chassis 5 haben muß, um die einzelnen Bauteile des Gerätes tragen zu können. Um hier Abhilfe zu schaffen, kann in der Platte 8 eine große rechteckige öffnung vorgesehen sein, die mittels einer dünnen rechteckförmigen Platte 17 geschlossen wird. Diese ist aus einem magnetischen und eine geringe elektrische Leitfähigkeit besitzenden Material, beispielsweise aus rostfreiem Stahl. Sie ist in Fig. 2 gezeigt. Die Platte 17 kann über Schweißen oder andere geeignete Befestigungsverfahren an der Platte 8 befestigt sein. Die beiden Teilbereiche 9 und 10 des magnetischen Kreises werden je zu einer Seite dieser Platte 17 angeordnet, entsprechend wie dies in Fig. 1 gezeigt ist.As just described, the plate 8 should be as thin as possible. However, this condition may not be compatible with sufficient mechanical strength that the chassis 5 must have in order to be able to carry the individual components of the device. To remedy this, a large rectangular opening can be provided in the plate 8, which is closed by means of a thin rectangular plate 17. This is made of a magnetic material with a low electrical conductivity, for example stainless steel. It is shown in Fig. 2. The plate 17 may be attached to the plate 8 by welding or other suitable fastening methods. The two partial areas 9 and 10 of the magnetic circuit are each arranged on one side of this plate 17, corresponding to that shown in FIG. 1.

In Fig. 3 ist eine andere Anordnung der beiden Teilbereiche 9 und 10 des magnetischen Kreises des Transformators 4 gezeigt. In diesem Fall ist die Platte 8 oder gegebenenfalls die Platte 17, falls eine derartige vorgesehen ist, mit einer Anzahl von öffnungen versehen, die der Zahl der Schenkel der Teilbereiche 9 und 10 des magnetischen Kreises entspricht. Dies sind im Beispiel die drei öffnungen 18, 19 und 20, da im gezeigten Fall die Teilbereiche 9 und 10 einen E-Schnitt haben. Jede der öffnungen 18, 19 und 20 hat Abmessungen, die exakt mit dem Querschnitt der angesprochenen Schenkel übereinstimmen. Die Schenkel des einen der beiden Teilbereiche des magnetischen Kreises, im gezeichneten Beispiel sind es diejenigen des Teilbereichs 10, reichen durch diese öffnungen hindurch und sind aneinandergefügt mit den Schenkeln des anderen Teilbereichs 9 des magnetischen Kreises. Die beiden Teilbereiche 9 und 10 werden in dieser Position mittels der Spannbügel 13 und 14 gehalten. Letztere sind in Fig. 3 nicht dargestellt. Dies erfolgt in entsprechender Weise, wie bereits in Fig. 1 dargestellt. Um eine perfekte Abdichtung gegenüber elektromagnetischen Strahlen zu erreichen, haben die Ränder der öffnungen eine Hochbiegung 21, die vorteilhafterweise in der Platte 8 oder 17 um jede der öffnungen 18, 19 und 20 herum ausgeformt ist beim Preß- oder Stanzvorgang. Die Lappen 21 sind in unmittelbarem Kontakt mit den Blechen des magnetischen Kreises.3 shows another arrangement of the two partial areas 9 and 10 of the magnetic circuit of the transformer 4. In this case, the plate 8 or possibly the plate 17, if such is provided, is provided with a number of openings which corresponds to the number of legs of the partial regions 9 and 10 of the magnetic circuit. In the example, these are the three openings 18, 19 and 20, since in the case shown the partial areas 9 and 10 have an E-cut. Each of the openings 18, 19 and 20 have dimensions that correspond exactly to the cross section of the legs mentioned. The legs of one of the two partial areas of the magnetic circuit, in the example shown, those of partial area 10, extend through these openings and are joined together with the legs of the other section 9 of the magnetic circuit. The two partial areas 9 and 10 are held in this position by means of the tensioning bracket 13 and 14. The latter are not shown in Fig. 3. This is done in a corresponding manner, as already shown in FIG. 1. In order to achieve a perfect seal against electromagnetic radiation, the edges of the openings have an upward bend 21, which is advantageously formed in the plate 8 or 17 around each of the openings 18, 19 and 20 during the pressing or stamping process. The tabs 21 are in direct contact with the sheets of the magnetic circuit.

In Fig. 4 ist ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel für den Netztransformator 4 gezeigt. In diesem Fall hat der magnetische Kreis des Transformators - in bekannter Weise - einen bogenförmigen Blechpaketbereich in Form .eines E, dessen zentraler Schenkel die Primär- und Sekundärwicklung 11 und 12 trägt, sowie ein ebenfalls aus Blechen geschichtetes Joch 23, mit dem der magnetische Fluß geschlossen wird und das die Schenkel des Teilbereichs 22 miteinander verbindet. Bei der Montage wird zunächst die Wicklung 12 auf den zentralen Schenkel des Bereichs 22 aufgeschoben, danach werden die drei Schenkel des Bereichs 22 durch die öffnungen 18, 19 und 20 der Platte 8 oder 17 hindurchgeschoben, etwa bis zur Hälfte der Höhe dieser drei Schenkel. Daraufhin wird die Primärwicklung 11 auf den Zentralschenkel des Bereichs 22 aufgeschoben und das Joch 23 auf den freien Enden dieser drei Schenkel angebracht. Der gesamte Transformator 4 wird mittels Spannbügel 13 und 14 (diese sind in Fig. 4 nicht gezeigt) gehalten. Dies geschieht in entsprechender Weise, wie bereits in Fig. 1 gezeigt.4 shows a second exemplary embodiment for the mains transformer 4. In this case, the magnetic circuit of the transformer - in a known manner - has an arcuate laminated core area in the form of an E, the central leg of which carries the primary and secondary windings 11 and 12, and a yoke 23, also layered from sheet metal, with which the magnetic flux is closed and which connects the legs of the partial region 22 to one another. During assembly, the winding 12 is first pushed onto the central leg of the area 22, then the three legs of the area 22 are pushed through the openings 18, 19 and 20 of the plate 8 or 17, approximately up to half the height of these three legs. The primary winding 11 is then pushed onto the central leg of the area 22 and the yoke 23 is attached to the free ends of these three legs. The entire transformer 4 is held by means of clamping brackets 13 and 14 (these are not shown in FIG. 4). This is done in a corresponding manner, as already shown in FIG. 1.

Betont werden soll, daßdLe verschiedenen Ausführungs- ' beispiele, die obenstehend beschrieben worden sind, lediglich als Beispiel für die Realisation der Erfindung dienen und diese keineswegs einschränken sollen. Ein Fachmann kann vielfältige Ausführungsbeispiele und Änderungen hinzufügen, ohne aus dem Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung herauszutreten.It should be emphasized that the various exemplary embodiments which have been described above are merely serve as an example for the implementation of the invention and are not intended to restrict it in any way. A person skilled in the art can add numerous exemplary embodiments and changes without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. Abgeschirmte elektrische Schaltung mit - einem Generator, der im Betrieb elektromagnetische Störstrahlung erzeugt, - mindestens einem Transformator, der elektrisch mit dem Generator der elektromagnetischen Störstrahlung verbunden ist und - einer metallischen Abschirmung, die den Generator und den Transformator umgibt und einen Faraday-Käfig zur Verhinderung einer Abstrahlung der elektromagnetischen Störstrahlung nach außen bildet,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Primärwicklung (11) des Transformators (2,4) im Inneren und die Sekundärwicklung (12) des Transformators (2,4) außerhalb der Metallabschirmung (6, 8) angeordnet sind, so daß sie vollständig voneinander hinsichtlich der Weiterleitung elektromagnetischer Strahlung nach außen isoliert sind, jedoch magnetisch miteinander durch die Abschirmung (6,8) hindurch verbunden sind.1. Shielded electrical circuit with - a generator that generates electromagnetic interference during operation, - At least one transformer that is electrically connected to the generator of electromagnetic interference and a metallic shield that surrounds the generator and the transformer and forms a Faraday cage to prevent radiation of the electromagnetic interference radiation to the outside,
characterized in that the primary winding (11) of the transformer ( 2 , 4 ) is arranged inside and the secondary winding (12) of the transformer ( 2 , 4 ) is arranged outside the metal shield (6, 8) so that they are completely separate from one another with regard to the forwarding electromagnetic radiation are isolated from the outside, but are magnetically connected to each other through the shield ( 6 , 8). 2. Schaltung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Metallabschirmung (6, 8) eine dünne Platte (8 oder 17) aus praktisch amagnetischem und eine sehr geringe spezifische Leitfähigkeit aufweisenden Metall, durch die das Magnetfeld des Transformators (4) hindurchgreifen kann und die mit den restlichen Teilen der Abschirmung (6,8) eine Barriere für die elektromagnetischen Wellen bildet, und daß die Primärwicklung (11) auf der einen Seite, die Sekundärwicklung (12) auf der anderen Seite dieser Platte (8 oder 17) angeordnet sind.2. Circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal shield (6, 8) a thin plate (8 or 17) made of practically non-magnetic and a very low specific conductivity metal, through which the magnetic field of the transformer (4) can reach and which forms a barrier to the electromagnetic waves with the remaining parts of the shield (6, 8), and that the primary winding (11) is arranged on one side, the secondary winding (12) on the other side of this plate (8 or 17) . 3. Schaltung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der magnetische Kreis des Netztransformators (4) in zwei Teilbereiche (9 und 10) aufgeteilt ist, von denen einer die Primärwicklung (11) und der andere die Sekundärwicklung (12) des Transformators (4) trägt und die beiderseits der Platte (8 oder 17) einander gegenübergestellt sind.3. A circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the magnetic circuit of the power transformer (4) in two Sub-areas (9 and 10) is divided, one of which carries the primary winding (11) and the other the secondary winding (12) of the transformer (4) and which are juxtaposed on both sides of the plate (8 or 17). 4. Schaltung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder der beiden Teilbereiche (9 und 10) des magnetischen Kreises mindestens zwei parallele Schenkel aufweist, von denen der eine den Kern und der andere den Rücklauf für den magnetischen Fluß bildet, und daß die beiden freien Enden der Schenkel des einen Teilbereichs (9) in Kontakt mit einer Oberfläche der Platte (8 oder 17) stehen und die freien Enden der Schenkel des anderen Teilbereichs (10) des magnetischen Kreises in Kontakt mit der anderen Oberfläche dieser Platte (8 oder 17) stehen, und zwar in Flucht mit den Schenkeln des ersten Teilbereichs (9).4. A circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that each of the two partial areas (9 and 10) of the magnetic circuit has at least two parallel legs, one of which forms the core and the other the return for the magnetic flux, and that the two free ends of the legs of one section (9) are in contact with one surface of the plate (8 or 17) and the free ends of the legs of the other section (10) of the magnetic circuit are in contact with the other surface of this plate (8 or 17 ) are in alignment with the legs of the first section (9). 5. Schaltung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder der beiden Teilbereiche (9, 10) des magnetischen Kreises mindestens zwei parallele Schenkel aufweist, von denen der eine den Kern und der andere den Rücklauf für den magnetischen Fluß bildet, und daß die Platte (8 oder 17) eine der Anzahl der Schenkel entsprechende Zahl von Öffnungen (18, 19, 20) hat, die jeweils exakt dem Querschnittsprofil der Schenkel angepaßt sind und daß die Schenkel des einen Teilbereichs (zum Beispiel 10) hindurchgeführt und den Schenkeln des anderen Teilbereichs (9) gegenüberstehend angeordnet sind.5. A circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that each of the two partial areas (9, 10) of the magnetic circuit has at least two parallel legs, one of which forms the core and the other the return for the magnetic flux, and that the plate (8 or 17) has a number of openings (18, 19, 20) corresponding to the number of legs, each of which is exactly adapted to the cross-sectional profile of the legs and that the legs of one partial area (for example 10) are passed and the legs of the other Sub-area (9) are arranged opposite one another. 6. Schaltung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der magnetische Kreis des Transformators (2 beziehungsweise 4) aufweist: erstens einen Teilbereich (22), der mindestens zwei Schenkel hat, von denen der eine den Kern und der andere den Rücklauf für den magnetischen Fluß bildet - wie an sich bekannt - und zweitens ein den magnetischen Fluß schließendes Joch (23), das die beiden Schenkel verbindet, daß die Platte (8 oder 17) eine der Anzahl der Schenkel entsprechende Zahl von öffnungen (18, 19, 20) hat, die jeweils exakt an den Schenkeln anliegen und daß die Schenkel durch die öffnungen (18, 19, 20) gesteckt und etwa bis zur Mitte ihrer Gesamtlänge eingeschoben sind. 6. Circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the magnetic circuit of the transformer (2 or 4) has: firstly, a section (22) which has at least two legs, one of which forms the core and the other the return for the magnetic flux - as is known per se - and secondly, a yoke (23) which closes the magnetic flux and which forms the two Leg connects that the plate (8 or 17) has a number of openings (18, 19, 20) corresponding to the number of legs, each of which lies exactly against the legs and that the legs pass through the openings (18, 19, 20) inserted and inserted approximately to the middle of their total length. 7. Schaltung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Platte (8 oder 17) am Rand jeder öffnung (18, 19, 20) umlaufend Lappen (21) hochgebogen sind.7. Circuit according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that on the plate (8 or 17) at the edge of each opening (18, 19, 20) circumferential tabs (21) are bent up. 8. Schaltung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, bei der die Abschirmung von einer oberen horizontalen Montageplatte eines Metallchassis und einem an diesem Chassis befestigtem Gehäuse aus Metall gebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Montageplatte des Chassis (5) die Platte (8) ist.8. Circuit according to one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the shield is formed by an upper horizontal mounting plate of a metal chassis and a housing made of metal attached to this chassis, characterized in that this mounting plate of the chassis (5), the plate (8) is. 9. Schaltung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, bei der die Abschirmung von der oberen horizontalen Montageplatte des Metallchassis und einem an diesem Chassis befestigten Gehäuse aus Metall gebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Montageplatte des Chassis (5) eine öffnung aufweist, die von der Platte (17) abgedeckt ist.9. Circuit according to one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the shield is formed by the upper horizontal mounting plate of the metal chassis and a housing made of metal attached to this chassis, characterized in that the mounting plate of the chassis (5) has an opening which is covered by the plate (17).
EP80101847A 1979-04-13 1980-04-08 Corona-effect loudspeaker Expired EP0017885B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80101847T ATE8311T1 (en) 1979-04-13 1980-04-08 KORONA SPEAKER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR7909448A FR2454251B1 (en) 1979-04-13 1979-04-13 ARMORED CIRCUIT WITHOUT LEAKS OF INTERFERENCE ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
FR7909448 1979-04-13

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EP0017885A1 true EP0017885A1 (en) 1980-10-29
EP0017885B1 EP0017885B1 (en) 1984-07-04

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EP80101847A Expired EP0017885B1 (en) 1979-04-13 1980-04-08 Corona-effect loudspeaker

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US (1) US4464544A (en)
EP (1) EP0017885B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS55140299A (en)
AT (1) ATE8311T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3068417D1 (en)
ES (1) ES490532A0 (en)
FR (1) FR2454251B1 (en)

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EP0291093A2 (en) * 1987-05-14 1988-11-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Stationary induction apparatus
EP0291093A3 (en) * 1987-05-14 1991-05-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Stationary induction apparatus
DE4216089A1 (en) * 1991-05-22 1992-11-26 Gen Electric SHIELDED SHEATHING WITH AN ISOLATING TRANSFORMER
FR2765735A1 (en) * 1996-12-03 1999-01-08 Le Gal Claude Contactless electrical power supply system with terminal and mounting base
WO2003085800A1 (en) * 2002-04-08 2003-10-16 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Charging apparatus by non-contact dielectric feeding
DE102010026112A1 (en) * 2010-07-05 2012-01-05 Alexander Braun Plasma tweeter e.g. teslums tweeter, for e.g. acoustic lab tests, has high voltage transformer arranged in electrical conductive pipe, where secondary coil of high voltage transformer coaxially extends to pipe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE8311T1 (en) 1984-07-15
JPS55140299A (en) 1980-11-01
US4464544A (en) 1984-08-07
FR2454251B1 (en) 1987-06-12
ES8100755A1 (en) 1980-12-01
DE3068417D1 (en) 1984-08-09
FR2454251A1 (en) 1980-11-07
EP0017885B1 (en) 1984-07-04
ES490532A0 (en) 1980-12-01

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