EP0015799A1 - Dispositif pour revaporiser des gaz liquéfiés et procédé pour fabriquer un tel dispositif - Google Patents
Dispositif pour revaporiser des gaz liquéfiés et procédé pour fabriquer un tel dispositif Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0015799A1 EP0015799A1 EP80400211A EP80400211A EP0015799A1 EP 0015799 A1 EP0015799 A1 EP 0015799A1 EP 80400211 A EP80400211 A EP 80400211A EP 80400211 A EP80400211 A EP 80400211A EP 0015799 A1 EP0015799 A1 EP 0015799A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- fins
- manifold
- bore
- tubes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- LJRGBERXYNQPJI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-nitrobenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 LJRGBERXYNQPJI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
- F28F1/16—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means being integral with the element, e.g. formed by extrusion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
- F28F1/422—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element with outside means integral with the tubular element and inside means integral with the tubular element
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
- F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
- F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
- F17C2227/0316—Water heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
- F17C2227/039—Localisation of heat exchange separate on the pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
- F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0397—Localisation of heat exchange characterised by fins
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0061—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications
- F28D2021/0064—Vaporizers, e.g. evaporators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49396—Condenser, evaporator or vaporizer making
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for evaporating liquefied gases, such as methane, at low temperature.
- gases for example methane or natural gas
- a very low temperature for example - 160 ° C
- gases for example methane or natural gas
- This re-vaporization is usually carried out under fairly high pressure, approximately 100 bars, in exchangers of the water-run type, constituted by a bundle of tubes traversed by the product to be evaporated and on the surface of which water is made to run.
- the bundle tubes are welded to an inlet manifold, where the product is brought under pressure, at low temperature and in a liquid state, and an outlet manifold, where the vaporized product is at about the same pressure. than at the entrance, but at a temperature close to ambient.
- the materials used to manufacture the vaporizing devices have been aluminum alloys of the A-GS type, containing as alloying elements magnesium and silidum, or of the A-Z5G type containing about 5% of zinc and lower magnesium.
- the present invention therefore provides a device for evaporating liquified gases, comprising a bundle of aluminum alloy tubes containing magnesium welded at one of their ends to a manifold which receives the liquefied gas, at low temperature and under high pressure, and, at the other end, to an outlet manifold which evacuates the evaporated gas, at a temperature close to ambient and under a pressure close to that of the inlet manifold, this device further comprising means for producing a runoff of water on the outside surface of the tubes.
- the alloy used contains: magnesium 3.5 to 4.5%, manganese 0.2 to 0.7%, chromium 0.05 to 0.25%, and at most 0.4% silicon , 0.5% iron, 0.10% copper, 0.25% zinc and 0.15% titanium, the remainder being aluminum with the usual impurities, and each tube comprises, on practically all of its length, on the one hand of the internal fins and, on the other hand, two diametrically opposite external fins.
- the section of a tube comprises a circular central body 1, provided with two diametrically opposite external fins 2,3, each of them having a cross section which decreases as it moves away from the body, without canceling out at the end, and is connected to the body by a fillet.
- the body has an interior passage 4, presenting eight interior fins 5.
- the thickness of the wall of the tube between two fins is approximately 1/10 of the diameter of the body while the radial length of a fin is approximately one and a half times this thickness.
- the tube is a profile obtained by spinning, the alloy used, which is known by the name of A-G4MC, which lends itself well to this technique.
- each. tube has a length of about 5 m, the outside diameter of the body is 40 mm, the lengths of the outside and inside fins being 20 and 6 mm respectively.
- the particular shape of the tube required the development of a particular technique to weld these tubes on the manifolds.
- tubes with a diameter significantly greater than that of the tubes, and of the same metal. They are thick-walled to resist the pressure and the weight of the spray tubes, and have a flat on their upper and lower sides, this flat being of width greater than the outside diameter of the body of the spray tubes.
- Figure 2 shows in section a tube and a manifold.
- the tubes are welded to the manifolds with their external fins in the same plane, separated by an interval of the order of a millimeter so as to form a panel.
- the interval between the tubes is chosen so as to allow for expansion, but without the risk of creating discontinuities due to the film of water flowing on the panel.
- a distributor of reheating water is arranged around the outlet collector; it consists of an open bottom channel, which lets out a suitable flow of water on both sides of the ring.
- the panel is extended beyond the last tube by a profile parallel to this tube, having at least one wing situated in the extension of the outer fin of this tube which is directed towards the outside of the panel, this wing being separated from said fin by a distance similar to that which separates the fins from one another inside the panel, approximately 1 mm for example. This avoids a discontinuity in the runoff film at the edge of the last tube.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- La présente invention est relative à un dispositif pour revaporiser des gaz liquéfiés, tels que du méthane,à basse température.
- Divers gaz, par exemple le méthane ou le gaz naturel, sont stockés et/ou transportés à l'état liquide, à une température très basse, par exemple - 160°C,et,pour les utiliser,on doit les ramener au voisinage de la température ordinaire, et à l'état gazeux. Cette revaporisation se fait habituellement sous pression assez élevée, 100 bars environ, dans des échangeurs du type à ruissellement d'eau, constitués par un faisceau de tubes traversés par le produit à revaporiser et sur la surface desquels on fait ruisseler de l'eau.
- Les tubes du faisceau sont soudés à un collecteur d'entrée, où le produit est amené sous pression, à basse température et à l'état liquide, et un collecteur de sortie, où le produit vaporisé se trouve sous à peu près la même pression qu'à l'entrée, mais à température voisine de l'ambiante.
- Jusqu'ici,les matériaux utilisés pour fabriquer les dispositifs revaporiseurs ont été les alliages d'aluminium du type A-GS, contenant comme éléments d'alliage du magnésium et du silidum, ou du type A- Z5G contenant environ 5% de zinc et du magnésium en plus faible proportion.
- Ces alliages présentent des difficultés en ce qui concerne leurs caractéristiques mécaniques et leur soudage; ils présentent de plus l'inconvénient d'une mauvaise résistance à la corrosion en présence d'eaux chargées de chlorures, telles que les eaux saumâtres qu'on trouve fréquemment au voisinage des ports de déchargement de navires méthaniers, ces corrosions apparaissant surtout au niveau des soudures des tubes sur les collecteurs.
- D'autres alliages sont évidemment utilisables, mais ils présentent alors des difficultés d'obtention et de mise en forme, si bien qu'on ne peut les utiliser que sous forme de tubes de dessin très simple et qu'on obtient alors de médiocres coefficients d'échange, ce qui oblige à avoir des dispositifs de plus grandes dimensions, donc plus coûteux. Le problème qui se pose est donc celui d'obtenir une combinaison satisfaisante entre la nature du métal, le dessin de l'appareillage, et notamment des tubes, et le mode de soudure.
- La présente invention fournit donc un dispositif revaporiseur pour gaz liquifiés, comprenant un faisceau de tubes en alliage d'aluminium contenant du magnésium soudés à une de leurs extrémités à un collecteur qui reçoit le gaz liquéfié , à basse température et sous pression élevée, et, à l'autre extrémité, à un collecteur de sortie qui évacue le gaz revaporisé, à température voisine de l'ambiante et sous une pression voisine de celle du collecteur d'entrée, ce dispositif comportant en outre des moyens pour produire un ruissellement d'eau sur la surface extérieure des tubes. Selon l'invention, l'alliage utilisé contient : magnésium 3,5 à 4,5%, manganèse 0,2 à 0,7%, chrome 0,05 à 0,25%,et au plus 0,4% de silicium, 0,5% de fer, 0,10% de cuivre, 0,25% de zinc et 0,15% de titane,le reste étant de l'aluminium avec les impuretés usuelles, et chaque tube comporte, sur pratiquement toute sa longueur, d'une part des ailettes intérieures et, d'autre part, deux ailettes extérieures diamétralement opposées.
- L'invention sera expliquée plus en détail en s'aidant des figures parmi lesquelles :
- Fig. 1 est une vue en coupe d'un tube du dispositif vaporiseur;
- Fig. 2 est un schéma montrant lé mode de soudage.
- Selon la figure 1, la section d'un tube comprend un corps central circulaire 1, pourvue de deux ailettes extérieures diamètralement opposées 2,3, chacune d'elle ayant une section transversale qui diminue en s'écartant du corps, sans s'annuler en extrémité, et se raccorde au corps par un congé.
- Le corps comporte un passage intérieur 4, présentant huit ailettes intérieures 5.
- L'épaisseur delà paroi du tube entre deux ailettes est d'environ 1/10 du diamètre du corps alors que la longueur radiale d'une ailette est d'environ une fois et demie cette épaisseur. Le tube est un profilé obtenu par filage, l'alliage utilisé, qui est connu sous le nom de A-G4MC,se prêtant bien à cette technique. Dans une réalisation pratique, chaque. tube a une longueur d'environ 5 m, le diamètre extérieur du corps est de 40 mm, les longueurs des ailettes extérieures et intérieures étant respectivement de 20 et 6 mm.
- La forme particulière du tube a exigé la mise au point d'une technique particulière pour souder ces tubes sur les collecteurs.
- Ceux-ci sont des tubes de diamètre nettement supérieur à celui des tubes,et du même métal. Ils sont à paroi épaisse pour résister à la pression et au poids des tubes de vaporisation,et présentent un méplat sur leurs côtés supérieur et inférieur,ce méplat étant de largeur supérieure au diamètre extérieur du corps des tubes de vaporisation.
- La figure 2 montre en coupe un tube et un collecteur.
- Les opérations préparatoires comprennent:
- a) dégagement des ailettes extérieures 2 sur une longueur de 120 mm environ,
- b) alésage conique de l'intérieur du tube 1 de façon à ramener progressivement la hauteur des ailettes internes 5 à O mais sans diminuer l'épaisseur du tube entre ces ailettes,
- c) perçage dans le collecteur 6,à travers le méplat, d'un alésage radial de diamètre égal au diamètre intérieur du tube 1 après enlèvement des ailettes 5,
- d)concentriquement à l'alésage décrit en c), l'alésage du collecteur 6,à partir du méplat,sur une profondeur de 5mm environ,d'un diamètre égal au diamètre extérieur du tube 1,
- e)exécution sur le collecteur d'une gorge 8 concentrique à l'alésage 7,l'espace entre cette gorge et l'alésage étant égal à l'épaisseur de paroi du tube 1 en dehors des ailettes intérieures. L'utilité de cette gorge est de réduire les concentrations de contraintes au niveau du soudage;
- f)emmanchement du tube 1 dans l'alésage décrit en d),
- g)exécution de la soudure 9 entre le tube 1 et le méplat du collecteur 6.
- Les tubes sont soudés sur les collecteurs avec leurs ailettes extérieures dans un même plan,séparées par un intervalle de l'ordre du millimètre de façon à former un panneau. L'intervalle entre les tubes est choisi de façon à permettre le jeu des dilatations,mais sans risque de créer des discontinuités dues au film d'eau qui ruisselle sur le panneau.
- Un distributeur d'eau de réchauffage est disposé autour du collecteur de sortie;il est constitué d'un chenal à fond ouvert,qui laisse échapper un débit d'eau convenable sur les deux faces du oanneau.
- Suivant une disposition intéressante, le panneau est prolongé au delà du dernier tube par un profilé parallèle à ce tube, ayant au moins une aile située dans le prolongement .de l'ailette extérieure de ce tube qui est dirigé vers l'extérieur du panneau, cette aile étant séparée de ladite ailette par une distance analogue à celle qui sépare les ailettes les unes des autres à l'intérieur du panneau, environ 1 mm par exemple. On évite ainsi une discontinuité du film d'eau de ruissellement au bord du dernier tube.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7903432 | 1979-02-12 | ||
FR7903432A FR2448684A1 (fr) | 1979-02-12 | 1979-02-12 | Dispositif pour revaporiser des gaz liquefies |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0015799A1 true EP0015799A1 (fr) | 1980-09-17 |
EP0015799B1 EP0015799B1 (fr) | 1982-10-27 |
Family
ID=9221833
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP80400211A Expired EP0015799B1 (fr) | 1979-02-12 | 1980-02-12 | Dispositif pour revaporiser des gaz liquéfiés et procédé pour fabriquer un tel dispositif |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4317269A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0015799B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3060984D1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2448684A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1982003675A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996026299A1 (fr) * | 1995-02-24 | 1996-08-29 | Pechiney Rhenalu | PRODUIT POUR CONSTRUCTION SOUDEE EN ALLIAGE AlMgMn A RESISTANCE MECANIQUE AMELIOREE |
FR2731018A1 (fr) * | 1995-02-24 | 1996-08-30 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Tole pour construction soudee en alliage almgmn a resistance mecanique amelioree |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4783969A (en) * | 1986-07-30 | 1988-11-15 | Penox Technologies, Inc. | Cryogenic withdrawal apparatus and method |
US5390500A (en) * | 1992-12-29 | 1995-02-21 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic fluid vaporizer system and process |
US5344717A (en) * | 1993-01-25 | 1994-09-06 | Micro Motion, Incorporated | Method of brazing and apparatus |
DE10240640B3 (de) * | 2002-09-03 | 2004-02-12 | Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Herstellung eines Gasgeneratorgehäuseteils, Gasgenerator mit diesem Gehäuseteil sowie Gassackmodul |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1322341A (en) * | 1919-11-18 | Universal joint | ||
US2286271A (en) * | 1940-03-07 | 1942-06-16 | Universal Cooler Corp | Heat transfer device |
US2294030A (en) * | 1940-03-09 | 1942-08-25 | Universal Cooler Corp | Heat exchange device |
GB911847A (en) * | 1960-04-06 | 1962-11-28 | North Thames Gas Board | Improvements relating to the vaporisation of liquefied methane |
FR1415766A (fr) * | 1964-09-17 | 1965-10-29 | Tube à ailettes pour échangeurs de chaleur et sa fabrication | |
FR2270343A1 (fr) * | 1974-05-09 | 1975-12-05 | Gedes |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2183043A (en) * | 1937-05-25 | 1939-12-12 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Pressure vessel |
US2216033A (en) * | 1938-06-01 | 1940-09-24 | Kellogg M W Co | Method of forming lined connectors |
US2322341A (en) * | 1940-01-27 | 1943-06-22 | Morris F Booth | Heat exchange unit |
-
1979
- 1979-02-12 FR FR7903432A patent/FR2448684A1/fr active Granted
-
1980
- 1980-02-12 EP EP80400211A patent/EP0015799B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1980-02-12 WO PCT/FR1980/000022 patent/WO1982003675A1/fr unknown
- 1980-02-12 DE DE8080400211T patent/DE3060984D1/de not_active Expired
- 1980-10-12 US US06/212,056 patent/US4317269A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1322341A (en) * | 1919-11-18 | Universal joint | ||
US2286271A (en) * | 1940-03-07 | 1942-06-16 | Universal Cooler Corp | Heat transfer device |
US2294030A (en) * | 1940-03-09 | 1942-08-25 | Universal Cooler Corp | Heat exchange device |
GB911847A (en) * | 1960-04-06 | 1962-11-28 | North Thames Gas Board | Improvements relating to the vaporisation of liquefied methane |
FR1415766A (fr) * | 1964-09-17 | 1965-10-29 | Tube à ailettes pour échangeurs de chaleur et sa fabrication | |
FR2270343A1 (fr) * | 1974-05-09 | 1975-12-05 | Gedes |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, vol. 21, Proceedings of the 1975 Cryogenic Engineering Conference, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario (Canada), juillet 22-25, 1975; Plenum Press, New York US, H.H. WEST et al.: "Running-film Vaporizer for LNG, pages 359-366. * |
ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, vol. 24, Proceedings of the Second International Cryogenics Materials Conference, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA, août 2-5, 1977, 1978, Plenum Press, New York US, A.W. PENSE et al.: "Fracture Toughness of Cryogenic alloys", pages 548-559. * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996026299A1 (fr) * | 1995-02-24 | 1996-08-29 | Pechiney Rhenalu | PRODUIT POUR CONSTRUCTION SOUDEE EN ALLIAGE AlMgMn A RESISTANCE MECANIQUE AMELIOREE |
FR2731019A1 (fr) * | 1995-02-24 | 1996-08-30 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Produit pour construction soudee en alliage almgmn a resistance mecanique amelioree |
FR2731018A1 (fr) * | 1995-02-24 | 1996-08-30 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Tole pour construction soudee en alliage almgmn a resistance mecanique amelioree |
EP0909828A3 (fr) * | 1995-02-24 | 1999-06-16 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Produit pour construction soudée en alliage AlMgMn à résistance mécanique améliorée |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0015799B1 (fr) | 1982-10-27 |
FR2448684A1 (fr) | 1980-09-05 |
US4317269A (en) | 1982-03-02 |
WO1982003675A1 (fr) | 1982-10-28 |
DE3060984D1 (en) | 1982-12-02 |
FR2448684B1 (fr) | 1982-05-07 |
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