EP0015449A1 - Gas tight microwave window in a coaxial line, especially for travelling-wave tubes - Google Patents

Gas tight microwave window in a coaxial line, especially for travelling-wave tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0015449A1
EP0015449A1 EP80100868A EP80100868A EP0015449A1 EP 0015449 A1 EP0015449 A1 EP 0015449A1 EP 80100868 A EP80100868 A EP 80100868A EP 80100868 A EP80100868 A EP 80100868A EP 0015449 A1 EP0015449 A1 EP 0015449A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coaxial line
input
output
window arrangement
side coaxial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP80100868A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Franz Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Gross
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0015449A1 publication Critical patent/EP0015449A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
    • H01J23/40—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit
    • H01J23/48—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit for linking interaction circuit with coaxial lines; Devices of the coupled helices type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/08—Dielectric windows

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas-tight, radio-frequency-permeable window arrangement between an input-side and an output-side coaxial line, in particular for traveling wave tubes.
  • a gas-tight, radio-frequency-permeable window arrangement in a coaxial line, in particular for traveling wave tubes in which a dielectric support is provided, through which the inner conductor of the coaxial line is passed with an outer diameter that is smaller than the normal one Inner conductor diameter in the coaxial line, but larger than the reduced inner conductor diameter required in the area of the support for adapting the wave resistance of the bushing to the wave resistance of the line.
  • this window arrangement is on both sides Support of the inner conductor is thickened conically in the direction of the support.
  • the dielectric support which can be made of ceramic material, for example, is disc-shaped, so that relatively high dielectric losses can occur in particular in high-performance tubes and the associated thermal load on the dielectric support can lead to their damage.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a gas-tight, radio-frequency-permeable window arrangement, which has a large bandwidth and which is mechanically and thermally stable.
  • a hollow cylinder made of dielectric material is provided between the input-side coaxial line and the output-side coaxial line, which surrounds the inner conductor of the input-side coaxial line and with its one end face on the outer conductor is connected on the input side coaxial line and with its other end face to a flange which is arranged between the inner conductors of the input and output side coaxial line.
  • a metallic compensation element which surrounds the inner conductor and the hollow cylinder, is preferably provided between the outer conductors of the coaxial line on the input and output sides; the latter expediently consists of beryllium oxide, aluminum oxide or boron nitride.
  • the dielectric load of the tubular window arrangement is tion is greatly reduced, so that in addition to BeD and BN, Al 2 0 3 can also be used as the material for the hollow cylinder.
  • the window arrangement is technologically simple to manufacture and can be designed for large pass bandwidths.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is mechanically and thermally stable and has relatively large sealing surfaces. Because of the small dimensions, thermal loads are not critical.
  • the window arrangement can be easily compensated for by cylindrical or conical turned parts.
  • the invention has the further advantage that the dielectric losses in the radio-frequency-permeable window are kept so low that high thermal or mechanical stress and thus cracking or leaking of the window is avoided even with high-performance traveling wave tubes.
  • the output power decoupled from the delay line of an amplifier (not shown) is fed to the window arrangement via the coaxial line 3, 4 on the input side.
  • the window arrangement consists of a hollow cylinder 1 made of dielectric material, one end face of which is soldered to the outer conductor 4 of the input-side coaxial line 3, 4. The other end face is soldered to the flange 5, which is between the two inner conductors 3, 3 'of the coaxial line 3, 3; 3 ', 4' is soldered.
  • a metallic compensation element 2 is preferably provided, which surrounds the inner conductors 3, 3 'and the hollow cylinder 2 made of dielectric material and, together with these elements, adapts the window arrangement via a broad frequency band to the coaxial connecting lines without reflection (r ⁇ 10 % from, for example, 2 GHz to 8 GHz).
  • the compensation element 2 can be stepped cylindrical (Fig. 1 and 3) or conical and consist of two parts 2, 2 '(Fig. 2).

Landscapes

  • Waveguides (AREA)
  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine gasdichte, hochfrequenzdurchlässige Fensteranordnung zwischen einer eingangsseitigen (3, 4) und einer ausgangsseitigen (3', 4') Koaxialleitung, insbesondere für Wanderfeldröhren. Diese Fensteranordnung soll eine große Durchlaßbandbreite aufweisen sowie mechanisch und thermisch stabil sein. Die Erfindung sieht hierzu vor, daß zwischen eingangsseitiger (3, 4) und ausgangsseitiger (3', 4') Koaxialleitung ein Hohlzylinder (1) aus dielektrischem Material vorgesehen ist, der den Innenleiter (3) der eingangsseitigen Koaxialleitung (3, 4) umgibt und mit seiner einen Stirnseite am Außenleiter (4) der eingangsseitigen Koaxialleitung (3, 4) und mit seiner anderen Stirnseite mit einem Flansch (5) verbunden ist, der zwischen den Innenleitern (3, 3') der ein- und ausgangsseitigen Koaxialleitung angeordnet ist. Eine erfindungsgemäße Fensteranordnung wird insbesondere bei Richtfunkwanderfeldröhren verwendet (Fig.1).

Figure imgaf001
The invention relates to a gas-tight, radio-frequency-permeable window arrangement between an input-side (3, 4) and an output-side (3 ', 4') coaxial line, in particular for traveling wave tubes. This window arrangement is said to have a large passage bandwidth and to be mechanically and thermally stable. For this purpose, the invention provides that a hollow cylinder (1) made of dielectric material is provided between the input-side (3, 4) and output-side (3 ', 4') coaxial line, which surrounds the inner conductor (3) of the input-side coaxial line (3, 4) and is connected with one end face to the outer conductor (4) of the input-side coaxial line (3, 4) and with its other end face to a flange (5) which is arranged between the inner conductors (3, 3 ') of the input and output-side coaxial line . A window arrangement according to the invention is used in particular with directional radio field tubes (FIG. 1).
Figure imgaf001

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine gasdichte, hochfrequenzdurchlässige Fensteranordnung zwischen einer eingangsseitigen und einer ausgangsseitigen Koaxialleitung, insbesondere für Wanderfeldröhren.The invention relates to a gas-tight, radio-frequency-permeable window arrangement between an input-side and an output-side coaxial line, in particular for traveling wave tubes.

Aus der DE-PS 15 91 596 ist eine gasdichte, hochfrequenzdurchlässige Fensteranordnung in einer Koaxialleitung, insbesondere für Wanderfeldröhren, bekannt, bei der eine dielektrische Stütze vorgesehen ist, durch die der Innenleiter der Koaxialleitung mit einem Außendurchmesser hindurchgeführt ist, der kleiner ist als der normale Innenleiterdurchmesser in der Koaxialleitung, aber größer als der, für eine Anpassung des Wellenwiderstandes der Durchführung an den Wellenwiderstand der Leitung, im Bereich der Stütze nötige verkleinerte Innenleiterdurchmesser. Bei dieser Fensteranordnung ist auf beiden Seiten der Stütze der Innenleiter in Richtung auf die Stütze kegelförmig verdickt. Allerdings ist bei dieser Fensteranordnung die dielektrische Stütze, die z.B. aus keramischem Material bestehen kann, scheibenförmig ausgebildet, so daß insbesondere bei Hochleistungsröhren relativ hohe dielektrische Verluste auftreten können und die damit einhergehende thermische Belastung der dielektrischen Stütze zu deren Beschädigung führen kann.From DE-PS 15 91 596 a gas-tight, radio-frequency-permeable window arrangement in a coaxial line, in particular for traveling wave tubes, is known, in which a dielectric support is provided, through which the inner conductor of the coaxial line is passed with an outer diameter that is smaller than the normal one Inner conductor diameter in the coaxial line, but larger than the reduced inner conductor diameter required in the area of the support for adapting the wave resistance of the bushing to the wave resistance of the line. In this window arrangement is on both sides Support of the inner conductor is thickened conically in the direction of the support. However, in this window arrangement, the dielectric support, which can be made of ceramic material, for example, is disc-shaped, so that relatively high dielectric losses can occur in particular in high-performance tubes and the associated thermal load on the dielectric support can lead to their damage.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine gasdichte, hochfrequenzdurchlässige Fensteranordnung zu schaffen, die eine große Durchlaßbandbreite aufweist und die mechanisch und thermisch stabil ist. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird bei einer gasdichten, hochfrequenzdurchlässigen Fensteranordnung der eingangs genannten Art gemäß der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß zwischen eingangsseitiger Koaxialleitung und ausgangsseitiger Koaxialleitung ein Hohlzylinder aus dielektrischem Material vorgesehen ist, der den Innenleiter der eingangsseitigen Koaxialleitung umgibt und mit seiner einen Stirnseite am Außenleiter der eingangsseitigen Koaxialleitung und mit seiner anderen Stirnseite mit einem Flansch verbunden ist, der zwischen den Innenleitern der ein- und ausgangsseitigen Koaxialleitung angeordnet ist.The invention has for its object to provide a gas-tight, radio-frequency-permeable window arrangement, which has a large bandwidth and which is mechanically and thermally stable. To solve this problem it is proposed in a gas-tight, radio-frequency-permeable window arrangement of the type mentioned according to the invention that a hollow cylinder made of dielectric material is provided between the input-side coaxial line and the output-side coaxial line, which surrounds the inner conductor of the input-side coaxial line and with its one end face on the outer conductor is connected on the input side coaxial line and with its other end face to a flange which is arranged between the inner conductors of the input and output side coaxial line.

Vorzugsweise ist zwischen den Außenleitern der ein- und ausgangsseitigen Koaxialleitung ein metallisches Kompensationselement vorgesehen, das die Innenleiter und den Hohlzylinder umgibt; letzterer besteht zweckmäßig aus Berylliumoxid, Aluminiumoxid oder Bornitrid.A metallic compensation element, which surrounds the inner conductor and the hollow cylinder, is preferably provided between the outer conductors of the coaxial line on the input and output sides; the latter expediently consists of beryllium oxide, aluminum oxide or boron nitride.

Durch Ausnutzung der Scherung der Feldlinien ist die dielektrische Belastung der rohrförmigen Fensteranordnung stark reduziert, so daß neben BeD und BN auch Al203 als Material für den Hohlzylinder verwendet werden kann. Die Fensteranordnung ist technologisch einfach herstellbar und kann für große Durchlaßbandbreiten ausgelegt werden. Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung ist mechanisch und thermisch stabil und hat relativ große Dichtungsflächen. Wegen der kleinen Abmessungen sind thermische Belastungen unkritisch.By utilizing the shear of the field lines, the dielectric load of the tubular window arrangement is tion is greatly reduced, so that in addition to BeD and BN, Al 2 0 3 can also be used as the material for the hollow cylinder. The window arrangement is technologically simple to manufacture and can be designed for large pass bandwidths. The arrangement according to the invention is mechanically and thermally stable and has relatively large sealing surfaces. Because of the small dimensions, thermal loads are not critical.

Die Fensteranordnung läßt sich auf einfache Weise durch zylindrische oder konische Drehteile kompensieren.The window arrangement can be easily compensated for by cylindrical or conical turned parts.

Die Erfindung hat den weiteren Vorteil, daß selbst bei Hochleistungswanderfeldröhren die dielektrischen Verluste im hochfrequenzdurchlässigen Fenster so gering gehalten sind, daß eine zu hohe thermische bzw. mechanische Belastung und damit ein Springen bzw. Undichtwerden des Fensters vermieden ist.The invention has the further advantage that the dielectric losses in the radio-frequency-permeable window are kept so low that high thermal or mechanical stress and thus cracking or leaking of the window is avoided even with high-performance traveling wave tubes.

Anhand der Figuren der Zeichnung soll die Erfindung nachstehend mit weiteren Merkmalen näher erläutert werden. Teile, die nicht unbedingt zum Verständnis der Erfindung beitragen, sind in den Figuren unbezeichnet oder weggelassen. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Fensteranordnung im Schnitt und die
  • Fig.2 und 3 zwei weitere Ausführungsbeispiele einer erfindungsgemäßen Fensteranordnung im Schnitt.
Based on the figures of the drawing, the invention will be explained in more detail below with further features. Parts that do not necessarily contribute to an understanding of the invention are not shown in the figures or are omitted. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 shows a window arrangement according to the invention in section and the
  • 2 and 3 show two further exemplary embodiments of a window arrangement according to the invention in section.

Bei den in den Figuren dargestellten Fensteranordnungen wird die aus der Verzögerungsleitung eines nicht dargestellten Verstärkers ausgekoppelte Ausgangsleistung über die eingangsseitige Koaxialleitung 3, 4 der Fensteranordnung zugeführt. Die Fensteranordnung besteht aus einem Hohlzylinder 1 aus dielektrischem Material, dessen eine Stirnseite an den Außenleiter 4 der eingangsseitigen Koaxialleitung 3, 4 gelötet ist. Die andere Stirnseite ist auf den Flansch 5 gelötet, der zwischen die beiden Innenleiter 3, 3' der ein- und ausgangsseitigen Koaxialleitung 3, 3; 3', 4' eingelötet ist. Zwischen den beiden Außenleitern 4, 4' der ein- und ausgangsseitigen Koaxialleitungen 3, 4; 3', 4' ist vorzugsweise ein metallisches Kompensationselement 2 vorgesehen, das die Innenleiter 3, 3' und den Hohlzylinder 2 aus dielektrischem Material umgibt und zusammen mit diesen Elementen die Fensteranordnung über.ein breites Frequenzband reflexionsfrei an die koaxialen Anschlußleitungen anpaßt (r < 10 % von beispielsweise 2 GHz bis 8 GHz). Das Kompensationselement 2 kann dabei abgestuft zylinderförmig sein (Fig. 1 und 3) oder konisch und aus zwei Teilen 2, 2' bestehen (Fig. 2).In the window arrangements shown in the figures, the output power decoupled from the delay line of an amplifier (not shown) is fed to the window arrangement via the coaxial line 3, 4 on the input side. The window arrangement consists of a hollow cylinder 1 made of dielectric material, one end face of which is soldered to the outer conductor 4 of the input-side coaxial line 3, 4. The other end face is soldered to the flange 5, which is between the two inner conductors 3, 3 'of the coaxial line 3, 3; 3 ', 4' is soldered. Between the two outer conductors 4, 4 'of the coaxial lines 3, 4; 3 ', 4', a metallic compensation element 2 is preferably provided, which surrounds the inner conductors 3, 3 'and the hollow cylinder 2 made of dielectric material and, together with these elements, adapts the window arrangement via a broad frequency band to the coaxial connecting lines without reflection (r <10 % from, for example, 2 GHz to 8 GHz). The compensation element 2 can be stepped cylindrical (Fig. 1 and 3) or conical and consist of two parts 2, 2 '(Fig. 2).

Da bei den in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen die elektrischen Feldlinien nur teilweise im Dielektrikum und vorwiegend in Luft verlaufen, ist die dielektrische Belastung des keramischen-Hohlzylinders gering, so daß auch mit A1203 (ε= 9) breitbandige Fensteranordnungen gebaut werden können.Since the electrical field lines in the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures run only partially in the dielectric and predominantly in air, the dielectric load on the ceramic hollow cylinder is low, so that broadband window arrangements can also be built with A1 2 0 3 (ε = 9).

Claims (3)

1. Vakuumdichte, hochfrequenzdurchlässige Fensteranordnung zwischen einer eingangsseitigen und einer ausgangsseitigen Koaxialleitung, insbesondere für Wanderfeldröhren, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß zwischen'eingangsseitiger Koaxialleitung (3,4) und ausgangsseitiger Koaxialleitung (3',4') ein Hohlzylinder (1) aus dielektrischem Material vorgesehen ist, der den Innenleiter (3) der eingangsseitigen Koaxialleitung (3,4) umgibt und mit seiner einen Stirnseite am Außenleiter (4) der eingangsseitigen Koaxialleitung (3,4) und mit seiner anderen Stirnseite mit einem Flansch (5) verbunden ist, der zwischen den Innenleitern (3,3') der ein- und ausgangsseitigen Koaxialleitung angeordnet ist.1. Vacuum-tight, radio-frequency-permeable window arrangement between an input-side and an output-side coaxial line, in particular for traveling wave tubes, characterized in that a hollow cylinder (1) made of dielectric material is provided between the 'input-side coaxial line (3, 4) and the output-side coaxial line (3', 4 ') is which surrounds the inner conductor (3) of the input-side coaxial line (3,4) and is connected with its one end face to the outer conductor (4) of the input-side coaxial line (3,4) and with its other end face to a flange (5) is arranged between the inner conductors (3, 3 ') of the coaxial line on the input and output sides. 2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß zwischen den Außenleitern (4,4') der ein- und ausgangsseitigen Koaxialleitung (3,4; 3',4') ein metallisches Kompensationselement (2) vorgesehen ist, das die Innenleiter (3,3') und den Hohlzylinder (1) umgibt.2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that between the outer conductors (4,4 ') of the input and output-side coaxial line (3,4; 3', 4 ') a metallic compensation element (2) is provided, which the inner conductor ( 3,3 ') and the hollow cylinder (1) surrounds. 3. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der Hohlzylinder (1) aus Berylliumoxid, Aluminiumoxid oder Bornitrid besteht.3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hollow cylinder (1) consists of beryllium oxide, aluminum oxide or boron nitride.
EP80100868A 1979-02-28 1980-02-21 Gas tight microwave window in a coaxial line, especially for travelling-wave tubes Withdrawn EP0015449A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792907762 DE2907762A1 (en) 1979-02-28 1979-02-28 GAS DENSITY, HIGH-FREQUENCY TRANSFERABLE WINDOW ARRANGEMENT IN A COAXIAL PIPE, ESPECIALLY FOR WALKER PIPES
DE2907762 1979-02-28

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EP (1) EP0015449A1 (en)
DE (1) DE2907762A1 (en)

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KR20040045999A (en) * 2002-11-26 2004-06-05 주식회사 인트 Supporting device for ink cartridge for color printer
CN109727835A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-05-07 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 Inner conductor, coaxial delivery of energy window and travelling-wave tubes for coaxial delivery of energy window

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US4523127A (en) * 1983-02-02 1985-06-11 Ga Technologies Inc. Cyclotron resonance maser amplifier and waveguide window
DE3617779A1 (en) * 1986-05-27 1987-12-03 Max Planck Gesellschaft FLUID TIGHT COUPLING DEVICE FOR MICROWAVE RADIATION
FR2637731A1 (en) * 1988-10-11 1990-04-13 Thomson Csf PROGRESSIVE WAVE TUBE PROVIDED WITH A WATERPROOF COUPLING DEVICE BETWEEN THE DELAYED LINE AND AN EXTERNAL MICROWAVE CIRCUIT
US5061912A (en) * 1990-07-25 1991-10-29 General Atomics Waveguide coupler having opposed smooth and opposed corrugated walls for coupling HE1,1 mode
FR2792082B1 (en) 1999-04-06 2003-05-30 Thomson Csf DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHY DEVICE
CN102543632A (en) * 2010-12-22 2012-07-04 中国科学院电子学研究所 Energy transfer window used for X band space traveling wave tube
CN102568985A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-07-11 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 Application of broadband high-power ridge waveguide seal window
CN106410351A (en) * 2016-12-02 2017-02-15 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二四研究所 Detachable multipath high-power waveguide synthesizer and realization method thereof
US10109473B1 (en) 2018-01-26 2018-10-23 Excelitas Technologies Corp. Mechanically sealed tube for laser sustained plasma lamp and production method for same
CN109742005B (en) * 2019-02-27 2020-06-12 电子科技大学 Coaxial energy transmission window suitable for broadband high power

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20040045999A (en) * 2002-11-26 2004-06-05 주식회사 인트 Supporting device for ink cartridge for color printer
CN109727835A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-05-07 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 Inner conductor, coaxial delivery of energy window and travelling-wave tubes for coaxial delivery of energy window
CN109727835B (en) * 2018-12-29 2021-06-29 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 Inner conductor for coaxial energy transmission window, coaxial energy transmission window and traveling wave tube

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Publication number Publication date
DE2907762A1 (en) 1980-09-04
US4286239A (en) 1981-08-25

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