EP0014832B1 - E-plane corner for a rectangular waveguide - Google Patents

E-plane corner for a rectangular waveguide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0014832B1
EP0014832B1 EP80100137A EP80100137A EP0014832B1 EP 0014832 B1 EP0014832 B1 EP 0014832B1 EP 80100137 A EP80100137 A EP 80100137A EP 80100137 A EP80100137 A EP 80100137A EP 0014832 B1 EP0014832 B1 EP 0014832B1
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Prior art keywords
waveguide
flattening
elbow
angle
conductive
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EP80100137A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0014832A1 (en
Inventor
Eberhard Dipl.-Ing. Schuegraf
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/02Bends; Corners; Twists
    • H01P1/022Bends; Corners; Twists in waveguides of polygonal cross-section
    • H01P1/025Bends; Corners; Twists in waveguides of polygonal cross-section in the E-plane

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rectangular waveguide contra-angle (E-contra-angle) bent over the broadside of the waveguide, with an outer corner symmetrically beveled by a conductive flattening plane and a cylindrical one arranged in the area of the geometric bisector of the kink, parallel to the broadside of the waveguide and running between the opposing narrow waveguide sides conductive cross bar.
  • E-contra-angle a rectangular waveguide contra-angle (E-contra-angle) bent over the broadside of the waveguide, with an outer corner symmetrically beveled by a conductive flattening plane and a cylindrical one arranged in the area of the geometric bisector of the kink, parallel to the broadside of the waveguide and running between the opposing narrow waveguide sides conductive cross bar.
  • Such an angle piece is known for example from US Pat. No. 2,810,111.
  • a crossbar itself is arranged in the inner buckling area.
  • Such contra-angles for example from the "Taschenbuch der Hochfrequenztechnik" by H. Meinke and FW Gundlach, Springer Verlag, 2nd edition, 1962, from pages 401 and 402 are used in various microwave circuits with waveguides.
  • angled waveguides compared to comparable low-reflection circular elbows, a compact structure is achieved, in particular with waveguide switches of different types such.
  • the inductive interference is reduced more and more.
  • the object of the present invention is to develop an E-angle piece of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that a very small reflection factor is ensured in a relatively wide frequency band with little design effort.
  • This precompensated E-angle piece is provided in the area of the bisector w of the bend with a round circular rod 1 which is aligned parallel to the broad waveguide sides and runs between the opposite narrow waveguide sides.
  • the transverse rod running parallel to the wide rectangular waveguide side a is conductively connected to both narrow waveguide sides and lies with its axis on the bisector of the E-contra-angle at a medium height between the flattening plane 2 and the inner broadside bend K of the E-contra-angle.
  • a value of d / b 0.258 is chosen for the ratio of diameter d of crossbar 1 to waveguide narrow side b.
  • FIG. 3 shows a measurement curve for the ripple factor s obtained in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 as a function of the frequency.

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Abstract

A rectangular waveguide elbow (E-elbow) bent across the broad side of the waveguide with an outer corner symmetrically flattened by conductive flattening or smoothing plane which provides for elimination of undesirable reflections by providing a cross cylindrical bar at the median between the inner corner and the center of the flattening or smoothing plane and wherein the cylindrical bar has an enlarged portion at its center which extends a portion length of the bar. A second embodiment provides a bar which does not have an enlarged portion but wherein the diameter of the bar ratio to the length of the shorter side of the waveguide is at least 0.258.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein über die Hohlleiterbreitseite geknicktes Rechteckhohlleiter-Winkelstück (E-Winkelstück) mit einer durch eine leitende Abflachungsebene symmetrisch abgeschrägten Außenecke und einem im Bereich der geometrischen Winkelhalbierenden des Knickes angeordneten, parallel zu den Hohlleiterbreitseiten ausgerichteten und zwischen den einander gegenüberliegenden Hohlleiterschmalseiten verlaufenden, zylindrischen leitenden Querstab.The invention relates to a rectangular waveguide contra-angle (E-contra-angle) bent over the broadside of the waveguide, with an outer corner symmetrically beveled by a conductive flattening plane and a cylindrical one arranged in the area of the geometric bisector of the kink, parallel to the broadside of the waveguide and running between the opposing narrow waveguide sides conductive cross bar.

Ein derartiges Winkelstück ist beispielsweise durch die US-PS 2 810 111 bekannt. Dabei ist bei der gattungsgleichen Anordnung gemäß Fig. 6 ein Querstab im inneren Knickbereich selbst angeordnet.Such an angle piece is known for example from US Pat. No. 2,810,111. In this case, in the arrangement of the same type as shown in FIG. 6, a crossbar itself is arranged in the inner buckling area.

Solche, beispielsweise auch aus dem »Taschenbuch der Hochfrequenztechnik«, von H. Meinke und F. W. Gundlach, Springer Verlag, 2. Auflage, 1962, aus den Seiten 401 und 402 hervorgehende Winkelstücke finden in diversen Mikrowellenschaltungen mit Hohlleitern Verwendung. Mit abgewinkelten Hohlleitern wird gegenüber vergleichbar reflexionsarmen Kreisbogenkrümmern ein kompakter Aufbau erreicht, insbesondere bei Hohlleiterweichen unterschiedlicher Art wie z. B. bei Frequenzweichen, Polarisationsweichen, Wellentypenweichen usw. Am häufigsten verwendet sind hierbei Hohlleiter mit rechteckigem Querschnitt bei einem Seitenverhältnis a : b = 2 : 1. Derartige Hohlleiter sind im relevanten Frequenzbereich der maximalen Breite fo : fu =2: 1 mit der Hio-Welle eindeutig nutzbar. Aus dem vorstehend genannten »Taschenbuch der Hochfrequenztechnik« geht weiterhin hervor, daß die Reflexion eines E-Winkelstücks dadurch reduziert werden kann, daß nach Fig. 1a die Außenecke eines solchen Winkels symmetrisch abgeflacht wird. Für diese Kompensationsmaßnahme gibt es nach Fig. 1b, in der der Welligkeitsfaktor s von E-Winkelstükken gemäß Fig. 1a mit verschieden starken Ekkenabflachungen dargestellt ist, ein auch bereits dem vorgenannten Taschenbuch entnehmbares, optimales Kathetenmaß xo (unterste Kurve für xo/a=0,395), mit dem die Reflexion eines E-Winkelstückes in dem üblicherweise genutzten Frequenzbereich eines Hohlleiters von 1,25 fkH10 bis 1,9 fkHio unter r=5% bleibt. Nur in Teilfrequenzbändern davon können kleinere Reflexionen erreicht werden; dazu ist das Kathetenmaß gegenüber xo etwas zu ändern, je nach Lage des Teilbandes innerhalb des vollen Hohlleiterbereichs.Such contra-angles, for example from the "Taschenbuch der Hochfrequenztechnik" by H. Meinke and FW Gundlach, Springer Verlag, 2nd edition, 1962, from pages 401 and 402 are used in various microwave circuits with waveguides. With angled waveguides compared to comparable low-reflection circular elbows, a compact structure is achieved, in particular with waveguide switches of different types such. B. with crossovers, polarization crossovers, type crossovers etc. Most often used here are waveguides with a rectangular cross-section with an aspect ratio a: b = 2: 1. Such waveguides are in the relevant frequency range of the maximum width f o : fu = 2: 1 with the Hi -Wave clearly usable. The above-mentioned "Taschenbuch der Hochfrequenztechnik" also shows that the reflection of an E-angle piece can be reduced by symmetrically flattening the outside corner of such an angle according to FIG. 1a. According to FIG. 1b, in which the ripple factor s of E-angle pieces according to FIG. 1a is shown with different flattened corners, there is an optimal catheter dimension x o (bottom curve for xo / a = 0.395), with which the reflection of an E-contra-angle in the commonly used frequency range of a waveguide from 1.25 f kH10 to 1.9 f kH io remains below r = 5%. Smaller reflections can only be achieved in partial frequency bands. for this purpose, the catheter dimension has to be changed somewhat compared to x o , depending on the position of the sub-band within the full waveguide area.

Im einzelnen zeigt Fig. 1b für ein E-Winkelstück mit einem Knickwinkel von 90° bei einem Seitenverhältnis des Rechteckhohlleiters von a : b=2: 1, wie es beispielsweise aus dem »Taschenbuch der Hochfrequenztechnik« bekannt ist, einige ausgewählte Dimensionierungen

Figure imgb0001
der Eckenabflachung, wie jeweils die Welligkeit s von E-Winkelstücken in einem Hohlleiterbereich verläuft. Ohne Eckenabflachung
Figure imgb0002
= 0 stellt ein E-Winkelstück in bezug auf eine in der Winkelhalbierenden des Knickes liegende Querschnittsebene eine induktive Störung dar, die im Frequenzbereich eines Rechteckhohlleiters von unten nach oben sehr stark ansteigt. Mit zunehmender Eckenabflachung, also zunehmendem Quotienten x wird die induktive Störung immer mehr abgebaut. Es wird schließlich diejenige Ekkenabflachung mit ä = 0,395 erreicht, für die an der unteren und oberen Grenze des Hohleiterfrequenzbereiches gleich große Störungen von r=5% verbleiben, die untereinander entgegengesetzte Phasenwinkel haben; daher sind diese Reflexionen mit dieser Kompensationsmethode nicht zu unterschreiten. Diese bei vielen heute gebräuchlichen Anwendungen noch erheblich störenden Reflexionen sind darauf zurückzuführen, daß diese Kompensationsmaßnahme der Eckenabflachung alleine nicht im gesamten Frequenzbereich eines Rechteckhohlleiters genau komplementär zu der Störung verläuft, die kompensiert werden soll.In detail, FIG. 1b shows a few selected dimensions for an E-angle piece with a kink angle of 90 ° and an aspect ratio of the rectangular waveguide of a: b = 2: 1, as is known, for example, from the "Taschenbuch der Hochfrequenztechnik"
Figure imgb0001
the flattening of the corners, how the waviness s of E-angle pieces runs in a waveguide area Without corner flattening
Figure imgb0002
= 0 represents an E-contra-angle with respect to a cross-sectional plane lying in the bisector of the kink, an inductive disturbance which increases very strongly in the frequency range of a rectangular waveguide from bottom to top. With increasing flattening of the corners, i.e. increasing quotient x, the inductive interference is reduced more and more. The flattening of the corners with λ = 0.395 is finally achieved, for which there are equally large disturbances of r = 5% at the lower and upper limits of the semiconductor frequency range, which have mutually opposite phase angles; therefore these reflections cannot be undercut with this compensation method. These reflections, which are still considerably disruptive in many applications in use today, can be attributed to the fact that this compensation measure for the flattening of the corner alone does not extend exactly in the entire frequency range of a rectangular waveguide to the interference which is to be compensated for.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein E-Winkelstück der eingangs erwähnten Art derart weiterzubilden, daß bei geringem konstruktiven Aufwand ein sehr kleiner Reflexionsfaktor in einem relativ breiten Frequenzband gewährleistet ist.The object of the present invention is to develop an E-angle piece of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that a very small reflection factor is ensured in a relatively wide frequency band with little design effort.

Ausgehend von einem E-Winkelstück der einleitend erwähnten Art wird diese Aufgabe gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß bei einem Knickwinkel von 90° und einem Hohlleiterverhältnis von a : b=2 : 1 das Verhältnis x/a des Abstandes x der Abflachungskanten von der theoretischen Lage der äußeren Knickkante des nicht abeschrägten Winkelstücks zur Hohlleiterbreitseite a mit 0,352 gewählt ist, daß ferner der leitende Querstab in mittlerer Höhe zwischen dem Innenknick und der Abflachungsebene angebracht ist und daß der Durchmesser d des Querstabes im Verhältnis zur Hohlleiterschmalseite b mit einem Wert von d/b = 0,258 bemessen ist.Starting from an E-angle piece of the type mentioned in the introduction, this object is achieved according to the invention in that, at a kink angle of 90 ° and a waveguide ratio of a: b = 2: 1, the ratio x / a of the distance x of the flattened edges from the theoretical The position of the outer fold edge of the non-beveled angle piece to the broad waveguide side a is chosen to be 0.352, that the conductive crossbar is also placed midway between the inner crease and the flattening plane and that the diameter d of the crossbar in relation to the waveguide narrow side b is d / b = 0.258 is dimensioned.

Nachstehend wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels noch näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt

  • Fig. 1a ein bereits erläutertes bekanntes E-Winkelstück mit symmetrischer Eckenabflachung,
  • Fig. 1b den Welligkeitsfaktor s von E-Winkelstücken mit unterschiedlichen Werten x/a der Eckenabflachung,
  • Fig. 2 ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen E-Winkelstücks und
  • Fig. 3 den Reflexionsfaktor einer Anordnung nach Fig. 2.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. In the drawing shows
  • 1a is a known E-angle piece with symmetrical corner flattening, already explained,
  • 1b the ripple factor s of E-angle pieces with different values x / a of the corner flattening,
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of an E-angle piece according to the invention and
  • 3 shows the reflection factor of an arrangement according to FIG. 2.

Fig. 2 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel für ein auch als E-Winkelstück bezeichnetes, über die Hohlleiterbreitseite a geknicktes Hohlleiter-Winkelstück, dessen Knickwinkel α=90°, dessen Hohlleiter-Seitenverhältnis mit a : b=2 : 1 gewählt ist und dessen Abflachung durch das Verhältnis x/a des Kathetenmaßes x zur Hohlleiterbreitseite a gegeben ist und 0,352 beträgt. Dieses vorkompensierte E-Winkelstück ist im Bereich der Winkelhalbierenden w des Knickes mit einem parallel zu den Hohlleiterbreitseiten ausgerichteten und zwischen den gegenüberliegenden Hohlleiterschmalseiten verlaufenden leitenden, runden Querstab 1 versehen. Der parallel zur breiten Rechteckhohlleiterseite a verlaufende Querstab ist mit beiden schmalen Hohlleiterseiten leitend verbunden und liegt mit seiner Achse auf der Winkelhalbierenden des E-Winkelstücks in mittlerer Höhe zwischen der Abflachungsebene 2 und dem inneren Breitseitenknick K des E-Winkelstücks. Für das Verhältnis von Durchmesser d des Querstabes 1 zur Hohlleiterschmalseite b ist hierbei ein Wert von d/ b= 0,258 gewählt.Fig. 2 shows an embodiment for a also referred to as an E-angle, about the Waveguide broadside a kinked waveguide contra-angle, whose kink angle α = 90 °, whose waveguide aspect ratio is chosen with a: b = 2: 1 and whose flattening is given by the ratio x / a of the catheter dimension x to the waveguide broadside a and is 0.352. This precompensated E-angle piece is provided in the area of the bisector w of the bend with a round circular rod 1 which is aligned parallel to the broad waveguide sides and runs between the opposite narrow waveguide sides. The transverse rod running parallel to the wide rectangular waveguide side a is conductively connected to both narrow waveguide sides and lies with its axis on the bisector of the E-contra-angle at a medium height between the flattening plane 2 and the inner broadside bend K of the E-contra-angle. A value of d / b = 0.258 is chosen for the ratio of diameter d of crossbar 1 to waveguide narrow side b.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Meßkurve für den beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 erzielten Welligkeitsfaktor s in Abhängigkeit von der Frequenz.FIG. 3 shows a measurement curve for the ripple factor s obtained in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 as a function of the frequency.

Danach hat das gemäß der Erfindung kompensierte E-Winkelstück im Frequenzbereich 1,1 fkH10≤f≤<1,95fkH10 Reflexionsfaktoren, die deutlich unter 1% liegen. Damit kann ein nur durch eine Eckenabflachung

Figure imgb0003
= 0,395 kom- pensiertes E-Winkelstück hinsichtlich des Reflexionsfaktors wengistens um den Faktor 5 verbessert werden.According to this, the E-contra-angle compensated according to the invention has reflection factors in the frequency range 1.1 f kH10 ≤f << 1.95f kH10 , which are clearly below 1%. This can only be done by flattening corners
Figure imgb0003
= 0.395 compensated E-contra-angle with respect to the reflection factor can be improved by a factor of 5.

Claims (1)

  1. A rectangular wave-guide elbow (E-elbow) bent on the broad sides of the waveguide, with an outer corner symmetrically bevelled by a conductive flattening plane, and with a cylindrical, conductive transverse rod arranged in the region of the geometrical median of the bend aligned parallel to the broad sides of the waveguides and extending between the mutually opposed narrow sides of the waveguide, characterised in that where the bend angle is 90° and the wave- guide ratio is a : b = 2 : 1, the ratio x/a of the distance x of the flattening edges (k) from the theoretical position of the outer bent edge of the unbevelled elbow to the waveguide broad side a is selected to be 0,352, that moreover the conductive transverse rod (1) is arranged mid-way between the inner bend (K) and the flattening plane (2), and that the relationship of the diameter d of the transverse rod (1) to the narrow side b of the waveguide is d/b =0,258.
EP80100137A 1979-01-31 1980-01-11 E-plane corner for a rectangular waveguide Expired EP0014832B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80100137T ATE17173T1 (en) 1979-01-31 1980-01-11 RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE ELBOW BENT OVER THE WIDE SIDE OF THE WAVEGUIDE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2903665 1979-01-31
DE2903665A DE2903665C2 (en) 1979-01-31 1979-01-31 Rectangular waveguide angle piece bent over the broad side of the waveguide

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0014832A1 EP0014832A1 (en) 1980-09-03
EP0014832B1 true EP0014832B1 (en) 1985-12-27

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EP80100137A Expired EP0014832B1 (en) 1979-01-31 1980-01-11 E-plane corner for a rectangular waveguide

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US (1) US4272744A (en)
EP (1) EP0014832B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS607401B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE17173T1 (en)
DE (1) DE2903665C2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6069380A (en) * 1997-07-25 2000-05-30 Regents Of The University Of Minnesota Single-electron floating-gate MOS memory
US6057747A (en) 1997-08-22 2000-05-02 Kyocera Corporation Dielectric waveguide line and its branch structure
IL130883A0 (en) 1999-07-11 2001-01-28 Maoz Betzer Tsilevich An endothermic heat shield composition and a method for the preparation thereof
US6762094B2 (en) * 2002-09-27 2004-07-13 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Nanometer-scale semiconductor devices and method of making
US20070034909A1 (en) * 2003-09-22 2007-02-15 James Stasiak Nanometer-scale semiconductor devices and method of making

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2810111A (en) * 1950-11-25 1957-10-15 Sperry Rand Corp Wave guide corner
NL166566B (en) * 1951-01-12 Ibm PLACEMENT MECHANISM FOR READ AND WRITE HEADS.
US2737634A (en) * 1951-01-12 1956-03-06 Int Standard Electric Corp Waveguide elbow
GB679902A (en) * 1951-01-19 1952-09-24 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Improvements in or relating to electromagnetic wave guides
DE2842577C2 (en) * 1978-09-29 1984-10-04 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Rectangular waveguide angle piece nodulated over the broad side of the waveguide

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Publication number Publication date
DE2903665A1 (en) 1980-08-21
JPS607401B2 (en) 1985-02-25
US4272744A (en) 1981-06-09
ATE17173T1 (en) 1986-01-15
EP0014832A1 (en) 1980-09-03
JPS55104101A (en) 1980-08-09
DE2903665C2 (en) 1984-09-27

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