EP0014695A1 - Cutter head with water nozzles and process for operating this head - Google Patents

Cutter head with water nozzles and process for operating this head Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0014695A1
EP0014695A1 EP80890010A EP80890010A EP0014695A1 EP 0014695 A1 EP0014695 A1 EP 0014695A1 EP 80890010 A EP80890010 A EP 80890010A EP 80890010 A EP80890010 A EP 80890010A EP 0014695 A1 EP0014695 A1 EP 0014695A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting head
space
annular gap
cooling water
nozzles
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EP80890010A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0014695B1 (en
Inventor
Rudolf Hintermann
Alfred Zitz
Otto Dipl.-Ing. Schetina
Herwig Wrulich
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Voestalpine AG
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Voestalpine AG
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/1006—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools
    • E21D9/1013—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools on a tool-carrier supported by a movable boom
    • E21D9/102—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools on a tool-carrier supported by a movable boom by a longitudinally extending boom being pivotable about a vertical and a transverse axis
    • E21D9/1026—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools on a tool-carrier supported by a movable boom by a longitudinally extending boom being pivotable about a vertical and a transverse axis the tool-carrier being rotated about a transverse axis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/22—Equipment for preventing the formation of, or for removal of, dust
    • E21C35/23—Distribution of spraying-fluids in rotating cutter-heads

Definitions

  • the cutter head rotates and the water must flow to the cutter head over the carrier of the cutter head, i.e. usually via the cutting arm.
  • a cutter head is equipped with a large number of chisels and therefore a large number of nozzles must be provided on the cutter head, which must be connected to a space from which the water is supplied to the nozzles. This also presents difficulties.
  • the invention now relates to a hollow cutter head equipped with chisels, which can be rotatably supported on a support projecting into the hollow cutter head and which has cooling water nozzles which are directed against chisels, the cooling water in the cutter head body and via channels in the same the cooling water nozzles is feasible, and aims to enable an effective sealing of the water-carrying system even at high water supply pressures such as, for example, above 300 bar and in particular above 400 bar, and to easily guide the water to the nozzles.
  • the invention consists essentially in the fact that a distribution chamber is arranged in the cutting head body, which is aligned with a water supply pipe rigidly arranged in the axis of the carrier, the water supply pipe opening into the distribution room and sealingly connectable to the distribution room of the rotatably mounted cutting head body, that in the Cutting head body is provided at least one annular gap which extends in the axial direction of the cutting head, that the annular gap is connected to the distribution space via at least one bore and that bores open into the annular gap which lead to the cooling water nozzles.
  • a distribution chamber is arranged in the cutting head body, which is aligned with a water supply pipe rigidly arranged in the axis of the carrier, the water supply pipe opening into the distribution room and sealingly connectable to the distribution room of the rotatably mounted cutting head body, that in the Cutting head body is provided at least one annular gap which extends in the axial direction of the cutting head, that the annular gap is connected to the distribution space via at least one bore and that bores
  • the nozzles can now pass through approximately radial bores, all of which are in the annular gap or in the ring gaps open, are connected to the water-bearing space.
  • the supply pressure of the water can thus be brought substantially into effect on the nozzles and thus counteracting blockage of the nozzles.
  • the walls of the annular gap or the annular gap have an approximately cylindrical shape in a cutting head. Such a cylinder jacket can withstand very high pressures without difficulty.
  • the load on the end walls delimiting the annular gap is unfavorable. This applies in particular to a known embodiment in which the cutting head guide is constructed from axially adjoining disks which are welded to one another. In this case, the weld seams are stressed by the load acting on the end walls of the annular gap.
  • the areas of the end walls of an annular gap acted upon by the water pressure are, however, substantially smaller than the area of the cylindrical walls delimiting the annular gap, so that the total pressure acting on these end walls can still be readily absorbed even with high supply pressure of the water.
  • the size of an end face delimiting the annular gap is only a fraction, preferably at most 1/10 to 1 / 20 the size of the circumferential surface of the annular gap, the annular gap extending over at least one third of the axial length of the cutting head. In this way, a simple construction is high pressure strength achieved.
  • the inventive design of the cutting head enables the cooling water to be fed to the cutting head under very high pressure and to make this high pressure effective without significant losses to the nozzles, so that blockage of the nozzles is avoided with certainty.
  • the cooling water is fed to the cutting head under a pressure of over 300 bar, preferably under a pressure of about 400 bar. In the known designs, it was not possible to increase the supply pressure of the cooling water to the cutting head above 20 to 30 bar.
  • the water supply pipe can be sealingly guided through a wall rotating with the cutting head, which delimits a space separated from the oil space of the cutting head drive and from the roller bearings that support the cutting head. This ensures that in the event of slight leaks in the sealing point between the fixed part and the rotating cutting head, water escaping does not get directly into the oil circuit.
  • this space, which is separated from the oil space is preferably in communication with the atmosphere, so that no pressure can be built up in this space, which is separated from the oil space, even in the event of major leaks due to water leakage.
  • the seal arranged in the wall rotating with the cutting head is now not acted upon by the supply pressure and therefore ensures complete tightness.
  • the space separated from the oil space with the atmosphere or the like via a check valve opening to the atmosphere and / or a labyrinth seal or the like. are in communication so that penetration of dust and foreign bodies into the space separated from the oil space is avoided.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cutting machine
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show the cutting arm with the cutting heads in side view and top view
  • FIG. 4 shows a section through one of the S chrämkexcellent and the Cutter jib according to line IV - IV of Figure 2 on a larger scale.
  • the cutting machine 1 has a cutting arm 2 which can be pivoted from top to bottom about a horizontal axis 3 and laterally about a vertical axis 4.
  • a cutting head 6 is rotatably mounted about an axis 5.
  • a cooling water line 7 is guided along the top of the cutting arm 2, which is covered by a U-profile 8 and is protected against falling rock.
  • This cooling water line is guided over the end of the cutting arm 2 to the front and is connected to the cutting arm by a screw connection 9.
  • 10 is a cover plate which protects the front part of the cooling water line 7.
  • the cooling water line 7 is supplied with cooling water under high pressure via a pump, not shown.
  • the cutting head body 12 is constructed from axially lined-up disks 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17, which are welded together. These disks 13 to 17 surround a cylindrical middle piece 18 of the cabinet head body and this middle piece 18 is welded to the welded group of disks 13 to 17.
  • This welded unit 13 to 17 and 18 is covered by an end part 19 which is screwed by means of screws 20 to the welded unit 13 to 17 and 18.
  • a ring 21 and a plate 22 are welded to this end part 19 again.
  • a central ring part 23, with which a central insert 24 is screwed, is welded into the plate 22.
  • the cooling water is guided from the screw connection 9 via a bore 25 on the cutting arm 2 and bores 26 and 27 in the support 11 rigidly connected to the cutting arm to a central cavity 28 in this support 11.
  • This tube 29 opens into a distribution space 30, which lies within the insert 24.
  • the end of this tube 29 is sealingly guided in the insert 24 by a seal 31.
  • the insert 24 thus rotates with the cutting head around the fixed tube 29.
  • this tube is arranged in the axis of the cutting head 6, a perfect seal by the seal 31 is possible.
  • the cutter head body is mounted on the carrier 11 rigidly connected to the cutter arm 2 by means of roller bearings 32, 33 and 34.
  • the outer bearing seat 35 of the roller bearing 34 is rigidly connected to the cutting head body, for example screwed, and closed by a cover 36.
  • a cavity 37 is formed between the cover 36 and the plate 22.
  • a non-illustrated epicyclic gear, which forms the last transmission stage, is also arranged within the carrier 11. This epicyclic gear and also the roller bearings 32, 33 and 34 run in an oil bath which is connected to the oil circuit of the gear.
  • the space 37 is sealed off from the oil space by the cover 36. 38 indicates an overload slip clutch, via which the cutting head body consisting of parts 13 to 22 is connected to a hub 39, which is mounted on the carrier 11 by means of the roller bearings 32, 33 and 34.
  • the central tube 29 rigidly connected to the carrier is also sealingly guided in the cover 36 by a seal 40. It is thereby achieved that, if necessary, water passing through the seal 31 cannot get into the oil circuit, but only into the space 37, so that entry of water into the oil circuit is avoided.
  • This space 37 is connected to the atmosphere through an opening 41, so that a pressure cannot build up in the space 37.
  • a non-illustrated, outward opening check valve and / or a labyrinth seal can be installed, so that penetration of Dirt in the room 37 is avoided.
  • the cooling water passes through a bore 42 into an annular gap 43 and through further bores 44 and 45 into an annular gap 46.
  • These two annular gaps 43 and 46 extend essentially over the axial length of the cutting head body.
  • the cooling water nozzles are located on the circumference of the cutting head body and each radial bore starting from the circumference must therefore meet in one of the annular gaps 43 or 46.
  • Such radial bores 47 and 48 are shown in the drawing.
  • the holes leading to the other nozzles are not in the cutting plane. A water supply to all nozzles is thus possible from these annular gaps 43 and 46.
  • the annular gap 46 lies between the middle piece 18 and the group of disks 13 to 17 welded together.
  • the annular gap 43 lies between the end part 19 and the ring 21.
  • annular gaps can therefore easily be left out before the parts are welded together. Since the supply pressure is chosen to be very high and is, for example, 400 bar, the load on the walls delimiting the cylindrical annular gaps 43 and 46 is considerable. The cylindrical walls of the annular gaps 43 and 46 have a large area. However, these surface loads can easily be absorbed by the disks 13 to 17 delimiting the annular gap 46 and the center piece 18. The loads acting on the ends 49 and 50 of the annular gap 46, however, stress the welded connections between the disks 13 to 17. However, because the gap width of the annular gap is kept very small, these loads are only slight even at very high supply pressure of the cooling water and therefore harmless.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

Der Schrämkopf (6) ist hohl ausgebildet und an eine Träger (11) rotierbar gelagert. Die Wasserzuführung zu den Düsen des Schrämkopfes (6) erfolgt über ein in der Drehachse angeordnetes am Träger (11) starr festgelegtes Zuführungsrohr (29) welches in einem Verteilraum (30) in Schrämkopf (6) mündet. Von diesem Verteilraum (30) ausgehend wird das Wasser in sich in axialer Richtung erstreckende Ringspalte (43, 46) über Bohrungen geleitet. In die Ringspalte (43, 46) münden Bohrungen (47, 48) über welche das Wasser den (7) Dusen Zugeführt wird. Eine Dichtung (31) ist lediglich an der Mundung des Wesserzuführungsrohres (29) zum Verteilraum (30) erforderlich.The cutting head (6) is hollow and rotatably mounted on a support (11). The water is supplied to the nozzles of the cutting head (6) via a feed pipe (29), which is arranged in the axis of rotation and is rigidly fixed to the support (11) and opens into a distribution chamber (30) in the cutting head (6). Starting from this distribution space (30), the water is guided in the axial gaps (43, 46) via bores. Bores (47, 48) open into the annular gaps (43, 46) via which the water is fed to the (7) nozzles. A seal (31) is only required at the mouth of the water supply pipe (29) to the distribution space (30).

Description

Beim Schrämen treten an den Meißeln hohe Temperaturen auf, so daß eine Kühlung der Meißel an und für sich von Vorteil ist. Wenn nun aber z.B. beim Schrämen von Kohle im Flötz harte Gesteinseinschlüsse vorhanden sind oder wenn auch Schichten von hartem taubem Gestein geschrämt werden müssen, so kann eine Funkenbildung auftreten und eine solche Funkenbildung bringt wieder die Gefahr einer Explosion des aus dem Flötz austretenden Grubengases mit sich. Es wurde daher bereits vorgeschlagen, die Meißel mit Wasser zu kühlen. Hiebei ist es auch bekannt, die Wasserdüsen am Schrämkopf selbst anzuordnen, so daß der Wasserstrahl unmittelbar gegen die Meißel gerichtet ist. Solche Düsen sind nun aber der Einwirkung des beim Schrämen entstehenden Staubes ausgesetzt und um eine Verlegung dieser Düsen zu verhindern, ist es notwendig, das Wasser den Düsen unter möglichst hohem Druck zuzuführen. Der Schrämkopf rotiert und das Wasser muß dem Schrämkopf über den Träger des Schrämkopfes, d.h. üblicherweise über den Schrämarm, zugeführt werden. Je höher der Druck des Wassers ist, desto schwieriger ist die Abdichtung der wasserführenden Leitung zwischen dem feststehenden Träger und dem rotierenden Schrämkopf und es ist daher bei den bekannten Ausbildungen der Höhe des Wasserdruckes eine Grenze gesetzt. Ein Schrämkopf ist mit einer großen Anzahl von Meißeln bestückt und es muß daher eine große Anzahl von Düsen am Schrämkopf vorgesehen sein, welche mit einem Raum verbunden sein müssen, aus welchem das Wasser den Düsen zugeführt wird. Auch dies bietet Schwierigkeiten.When cutting, high temperatures occur on the chisels, so that cooling the chisels is advantageous in and of itself. But if e.g. When coal is being cut in the flute, hard rock inclusions are present, or if layers of hard, deaf rock have to be cut, sparks can occur and such sparks again cause an explosion of the mine gas escaping from the flute. It has therefore already been proposed to cool the chisels with water. Hiebei it is also known to arrange the water nozzles on the cutting head itself, so that the water jet is directed directly against the chisel. However, such nozzles are now exposed to the dust generated during grinding and in order to prevent these nozzles from being moved, it is necessary to supply the water to the nozzles under the highest possible pressure. The cutter head rotates and the water must flow to the cutter head over the carrier of the cutter head, i.e. usually via the cutting arm. The higher the pressure of the water, the more difficult it is to seal the water-carrying line between the fixed support and the rotating cutting head, and there is therefore a limit to the amount of water pressure in the known designs. A cutter head is equipped with a large number of chisels and therefore a large number of nozzles must be provided on the cutter head, which must be connected to a space from which the water is supplied to the nozzles. This also presents difficulties.

Es sind Ausbildungen bekannt, bei welchen der Schrämkopf hohl ausgebildet ist und in den Hohlraum des Schrämkopfes ein mit dem Schrämarm starr verbundener Träger ragt. Bei solchen Ausbildungen ist beispielsweise die letzte Getriebestufe des Schrämkopfantriebes im hohlen Schrämkopf angeordnet und diese letzte Getriebestufe muß in den Ölkreislauf einbezogen werden. In diesem Fall besteht die erhöhte Gefahr, daß bei einer Undichtheit in der Verbindung der Wasserführung zwischen feststehendem Teil und rotierendem Schrämkopf austretendes Wasser in den ölkreislauf gelangt. Damit verliert das Öl einen Teil seiner Schmierfähigkeit und es ist die Gefahr einer Schädigung des Antriebsgetriebes gegeben.There are known designs in which the cutting head is hollow and a support rigidly connected to the cutting arm projects into the cavity of the cutting head. In such designs, for example, the last gear stage of the cutter head drive is arranged in the hollow cutter head and this last gear stage must be included in the oil circuit. In this case, there is an increased risk that if there is a leak in the connection of the water supply between the fixed part and the rotation Water escaping from the cutting head enters the oil circuit. This means that the oil loses some of its lubricity and there is a risk of damage to the drive gear.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich nun auf einen mit Meißeln bestückten hohl ausgebildeten Schrämkopf, der an einem in den hohlen Schrämkopf ragenden Träger rotierbar lagerbar ist und welcher Kühlwasserdüsen aufweist, welche gegen Meißeln gerichtet sind, wobei das Kühlwasser in den Schrämkopfkörper und über Kanäle in.demselben zu den Kühlwasserdüsen führbar ist, und zielt darauf ab, eine wirksame Abdichtung des wasserführenden Systems auch bei hohen Wasserzuführungsdrucken wie z.B. über 300 bar und insbesondere über 400 bar und eine einfache Führung des Wassers zu den Düsen zu ermöglichen. Die Erfindung besteht hiebei im wesentlichen darin, daß im Schrämkopfkörper ein Verteilraum angeordnet ist, welcher mit einem in der Achse des Trägers starr angeordneten Wasserzuführungsrohr fluchtet, wobei das Wasserzuführungsrohr in den Verteilraum mündet und dichtend an den Verteilraum des drehbar gelagerten Schrämkopfkörpers anschließbar ist, daß im Schrämkopfkörper wenigstens ein Ringspalt vorgesehen ist, welcher sich in axialer Richtung des Schrämkopfes erstreckt, daß der Ringspalt über wenigstens eine Bohrung mit dem Verteilraum verbunden ist und daß in den Ringspalt Bohrungen münden, welche zu den Kühlwasserdüsen führen. Dadurch, daß die Abdichtungsstelle zwischen dem feststehenden Teil und dem rotierenden Schrämkopf in die-Rotationsachse verlegt ist, wird das Abdichtungsproblem wesentlich erleichtert. Dadurch, daß sich der Ringspalt oder die Ringspalte, welche von dem im Achsbereich des Schrämkopfes angeordneten Verteilraum über Bohrungen mit Wasser versorgt werden, in axialer Richtung des Schrämkopfes erstrecken, können nun die Düsen durch ungefähr radiale Bohrungen, welche alle in den Ringspalt oder in die Ringspalte münden, mit dem wasserführenden Raum verbunden werden. Es ergibt sich dadurch eine einfache Konstruktion. Es sind im wesentlichen nur kurze Bohrungen erforderlich und es sind Verschneidungen von Bohrungen, welche dann erforderlich sind, wenn Bohrungen ums Eck geführt werden, vermieden. Damit ist ein Druckabfall in den Bohrungen auf ein Minimum verringert, während im Ringspalt oder in den Ringspalten die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit verhältnismäßig gering ist, so daß hier der Druckabfall zu vernachlässigen ist. Es kann somit der Zuführungsdruck des Wassers im wesentlichen voll auf die Düsen zur Wirkung gebracht werden und damit einer Verstopfung der Düsen entgegengewirkt werden. Die Wände des Ringspaltes oder der Ringspalte weisen bei einem Schrämkopf etwa zylindrische Form auf. Ein solcher Zylindermantel kann ohne Schierigkeiten auch sehr hohen Drücken standhalten. Ungünstig ist die Belastung der den Ringspalt begrenzenden Stirnwände. Dies gilt insbesondere bei einer bekannten Ausführungsform, bei welcher der Schrämkopfführer aus axial aneinander anschließenden Scheiben aufgebaut ist, welche miteinander verschweißt sind. In diesem Falle werden die Schweißnähte durch die auf die Stirnwände des Ringspaltes wirkende Belastung beansprucht. Die vom Wasserdruck beaufschlagten Flächen der Stirnwände eines Ringspaltes sind aber wesentlich kleiner als die Fläche der den Ringspalt begrenzenden zylindrischen Wände, so daß der auf diese Stirnwände wirkende Gesamtdruck auch bei hohem Zuführungsdruck des Wassers noch ohne weiteres aufgenommen werden kann. Bei einer an sich bekannten Ausbildung, bei welcher der Schrämkopf aus axial aneinandergereihten Scheiben, welche miteinander verschweißt sind, aufgebaut ist, beträgt bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung die Größe einer den Ringspalt begrenzenden Stirnfläche nur einen Bruchteil, vorzugsweise höchstens 1/10 bis 1/20 der Größe der Umfangsfläche des Ringspaltes, wobei sich der Ringspalt über wenigstens ein Drittel der axialen Länge des Schrämkopfes erstreckt. Auf diese Weise wird eine einfache Konstruktion hoher Druckfestigkeit erzielt.The invention now relates to a hollow cutter head equipped with chisels, which can be rotatably supported on a support projecting into the hollow cutter head and which has cooling water nozzles which are directed against chisels, the cooling water in the cutter head body and via channels in the same the cooling water nozzles is feasible, and aims to enable an effective sealing of the water-carrying system even at high water supply pressures such as, for example, above 300 bar and in particular above 400 bar, and to easily guide the water to the nozzles. The invention consists essentially in the fact that a distribution chamber is arranged in the cutting head body, which is aligned with a water supply pipe rigidly arranged in the axis of the carrier, the water supply pipe opening into the distribution room and sealingly connectable to the distribution room of the rotatably mounted cutting head body, that in the Cutting head body is provided at least one annular gap which extends in the axial direction of the cutting head, that the annular gap is connected to the distribution space via at least one bore and that bores open into the annular gap which lead to the cooling water nozzles. Characterized in that the sealing point between the stationary part and the rotating cutting head in the - is laid axis of rotation, the sealing problem is greatly facilitated. Due to the fact that the annular gap or the annular gaps, which are supplied with water from the distribution space arranged in the axial region of the cutting head via bores, extend in the axial direction of the cutting head, the nozzles can now pass through approximately radial bores, all of which are in the annular gap or in the ring gaps open, are connected to the water-bearing space. This results in a simple construction. Essentially, only short bores are required and intersections of bores, which are necessary when drilling around the corner, are avoided. A pressure drop in the bores is thus reduced to a minimum, while in the annular gap or in the annular gaps the flow velocity is relatively low, so that the pressure drop is negligible here. The supply pressure of the water can thus be brought substantially into effect on the nozzles and thus counteracting blockage of the nozzles. The walls of the annular gap or the annular gap have an approximately cylindrical shape in a cutting head. Such a cylinder jacket can withstand very high pressures without difficulty. The load on the end walls delimiting the annular gap is unfavorable. This applies in particular to a known embodiment in which the cutting head guide is constructed from axially adjoining disks which are welded to one another. In this case, the weld seams are stressed by the load acting on the end walls of the annular gap. The areas of the end walls of an annular gap acted upon by the water pressure are, however, substantially smaller than the area of the cylindrical walls delimiting the annular gap, so that the total pressure acting on these end walls can still be readily absorbed even with high supply pressure of the water. In a configuration known per se, in which the cutting head is constructed from axially lined-up disks which are welded to one another, in a preferred embodiment of the invention the size of an end face delimiting the annular gap is only a fraction, preferably at most 1/10 to 1 / 20 the size of the circumferential surface of the annular gap, the annular gap extending over at least one third of the axial length of the cutting head. In this way, a simple construction is high pressure strength achieved.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung des Schrämkopfes ermöglicht, das Kühlwasser dem Schrämkopf unter sehr hohem Druck zuzuführen und diesen hohen Druck ohne wesentliche Verluste auf die Düsen wirksam zu machen, so daß eine Verstopfung der Düsen mit Sicherheit vermieden wird. Gemäß der Erfindung wird das Kühlwasser dem Schrämkopf unter einem Druck von über 300 bar, vorzugsweise unter einem Druck von ungefähr 400 bar, zugeführt. Bei den bekannten Ausführungen war es nicht möglich, den Zuführungsdruck des Kühlwassers zum Schrämkopf über 20 bis 30 bar zu erhöhen.The inventive design of the cutting head enables the cooling water to be fed to the cutting head under very high pressure and to make this high pressure effective without significant losses to the nozzles, so that blockage of the nozzles is avoided with certainty. According to the invention, the cooling water is fed to the cutting head under a pressure of over 300 bar, preferably under a pressure of about 400 bar. In the known designs, it was not possible to increase the supply pressure of the cooling water to the cutting head above 20 to 30 bar.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann das Wasserzuführungsrqhr dichtend durch eine mit dem Schrämkopf rotierende Wandung hindurchgeführt sein, welche einen vom Ölraum des Schrämkopfantriebes und von den den Schrämkopf tragenden Wälzlagern getrennten Raum begrenzt. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß bei geringfügigen Undichtheiten der Dichtstelle zwischen dem feststehenden Teil und dem rotierenden Schrämkopf austretendes Wasser nicht unmittelbar in den Ölkreislauf gelangt. Gemäß der Erfindung steht vorzugsweise dieser vom Ölraum getrennte Raum mit der Atmosphäre in Verbindung, so daß auch bei größeren Undichtheiten durch austretendes Wasser in diesem vom Ölraum abgetrennten Raum kein Druck aufgebaut werden kann. Die in der mit dem Schrämkopf rotierenden Wandung angeordnete Dichtung wird nun vom Zuführungsdurck nicht beaufschlagt und gewährleistet daher eine völlige Dichtheit. Gemäß der Erfindung kann der vom Ölraum getrennte Raum mit der Atmosphäre über ein zur Atmosphäre öffnendes Rückschlagventil und/oder eine Labyrinthdichtung od.dgl. in Verbindung stehen, so daß ein Eindringen von Staub und Fremdkörpern in den vom Ölraum getrennten Raum vermieden wird.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the water supply pipe can be sealingly guided through a wall rotating with the cutting head, which delimits a space separated from the oil space of the cutting head drive and from the roller bearings that support the cutting head. This ensures that in the event of slight leaks in the sealing point between the fixed part and the rotating cutting head, water escaping does not get directly into the oil circuit. According to the invention, this space, which is separated from the oil space, is preferably in communication with the atmosphere, so that no pressure can be built up in this space, which is separated from the oil space, even in the event of major leaks due to water leakage. The seal arranged in the wall rotating with the cutting head is now not acted upon by the supply pressure and therefore ensures complete tightness. According to the invention, the space separated from the oil space with the atmosphere or the like via a check valve opening to the atmosphere and / or a labyrinth seal or the like. are in communication so that penetration of dust and foreign bodies into the space separated from the oil space is avoided.

In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles schematisch erläutert.In the drawing, the invention is explained schematically using an exemplary embodiment.

Fig.1 zeigt eine Schrämmaschine, Fig.2 und 3 zeigen den Schrämarm mit den Schrämköpfen in Seitenansicht und Draufsicht, Fig.4 zeigt einen Schnitt durch einen der Schrämköpfe und den Schrämarm nach Linie IV - IV der Fig.2 in größerem Maßstab.1 shows a cutting machine, FIGS. 2 and 3 show the cutting arm with the cutting heads in side view and top view, FIG. 4 shows a section through one of the S chrämköpfe and the Cutter jib according to line IV - IV of Figure 2 on a larger scale.

Die Schrämmaschine 1 weist, wie Fig.1 zeigt, einen Schrämarm 2 auf, der umeine horizontale Achse 3 von oben nach unten und um eine vertikale Achse 4 seitlich verschwenkbar ist. Zu beiden Seiten des Schrämarmes 2 ist ein Schrämkopf 6 um eine Achse 5 drehbar gelagert.As shown in FIG. 1, the cutting machine 1 has a cutting arm 2 which can be pivoted from top to bottom about a horizontal axis 3 and laterally about a vertical axis 4. On both sides of the cutting arm 2, a cutting head 6 is rotatably mounted about an axis 5.

Wie Fig.2 und 3 zeigen, ist entlang der Oberseite des Schrämarmes 2 eine Kühlwasserleitung 7 geführt, welche durchein U-Profil 8 abgedeckt und gegen herabfallendes Gestein geschützt ist. Diese Kühlwasserleitung ist über das Ende des Schrämarmes 2 nach vorne geführt und ist durch eine Anschlußverschraubung 9 an den Schrämarm angeschlossen. 10 ist ein Abdeckblech, welches den vorderen Teil der Kühlwasserleitung 7 schützt. Der Kühlwasserleitung 7 wird über eine nicht dargestellte Pumpe Kühlwasser unter hohem Druck zugeführt.As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a cooling water line 7 is guided along the top of the cutting arm 2, which is covered by a U-profile 8 and is protected against falling rock. This cooling water line is guided over the end of the cutting arm 2 to the front and is connected to the cutting arm by a screw connection 9. 10 is a cover plate which protects the front part of the cooling water line 7. The cooling water line 7 is supplied with cooling water under high pressure via a pump, not shown.

Mit dem Schrämarm starr verbunden ist ein Träger 11, welcher in den hohlen mit Meißeln bestückten Schrämkopfkörper 12 ragt. Der Schrämkopfkörper 12 ist aus axial aneinandergereihten Scheiben 13, 14, 15, 16 und 17 aufgebaut,welche miteinander verschweißt sind. Diese Scheiben 13 bis 17 umgeben ein zylindrisches Mittelstück 18 des Schränkopfkörpers und dieses Mittelstück 18 ist mit der zusammengeschweißten Gruppe der Scheiben 13 bis 17 verschweißt. Diese zusammengeschweißte Einheit 13 bis 17 und 18 ist durch einen Endteil 19 abgedeckt, der mittels Schrauben 20 mit der zusammengeschweißten Einheit 13 bis 17 und 18 verschraubt ist. Mit diesem Endteil 19 ist wieder ein Ring 21 und eine Platte 22 verschweißt. In die Platte 22 ist ein zentraler Ringteil 23 eingeschweißt, mit welchen ein zentraler Einsatz 24 verschraubt ist.A carrier 11, which projects rigidly into the hollow cutter body 12 equipped with chisels, is rigidly connected to the cutter arm. The cutting head body 12 is constructed from axially lined-up disks 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17, which are welded together. These disks 13 to 17 surround a cylindrical middle piece 18 of the cabinet head body and this middle piece 18 is welded to the welded group of disks 13 to 17. This welded unit 13 to 17 and 18 is covered by an end part 19 which is screwed by means of screws 20 to the welded unit 13 to 17 and 18. A ring 21 and a plate 22 are welded to this end part 19 again. A central ring part 23, with which a central insert 24 is screwed, is welded into the plate 22.

Das Kühlwasser wird von der Verschraubung 9 aus über eine Bohrung 25 am Schrämarm 2 und Bohrungen 26 und 27 in dem mit dem Schrämarm starr verbundenen Träger 11 zu einem zentralen Hohlraum 28 in diesem Träger 11 geführt. An den Hohlraum 28 ist ein mit dem Träger 11 starr verbundenes Rohr 29 angeschlossen, welches in der Achse des Schrämkopfes 6 liegt. Dieses Rohr 29 mündet in einen Verteilraum 30, welcher innerhalb des Einsatzes 24 liegt. Durch eine Dichtung 31 ist das Ende dieses Rohres 29 in dem Einsatz 24 dichtend geführt. Der Einsatz 24 rotiert somit mit dem Schrämkopf um das feststehende Rohr 29.The cooling water is guided from the screw connection 9 via a bore 25 on the cutting arm 2 and bores 26 and 27 in the support 11 rigidly connected to the cutting arm to a central cavity 28 in this support 11. At the cavity 28 is a rigidly ver with the carrier 11 bound tube 29 connected, which lies in the axis of the S chrämkopfes 6. This tube 29 opens into a distribution space 30, which lies within the insert 24. The end of this tube 29 is sealingly guided in the insert 24 by a seal 31. The insert 24 thus rotates with the cutting head around the fixed tube 29.

Da jedoch dieses Rohr in der Achse des Schrämkopfes 6 angeordnet ist, ist eine einwandfreie Abdichtung durch die Dichtung 31 möglich.However, since this tube is arranged in the axis of the cutting head 6, a perfect seal by the seal 31 is possible.

An dem mit dem Schrämarm 2 starr verbundenen Träger 11 ist der Schrämkopfkörper unter Vermittlung von Wälzlagern 32, 33 und 34 gelagert. Der äußere Lagersitz 35 des Wälzlagers 34 ist mit dem Schrämkopfkörper starr verbunden, beispielsweise verschraubt, und durch einen Deckel 36 abgeschlossen. Zwischen dem Deckel 36 und der Platte 22 ist ein Hohlraum 37 gebildet. Innerhalb des Trägers 11 ist noch ein nicht dargestelltes Umlaufrädergetriebe angeordnet, welches die letzte Übersetzungsstufe bildet. Dieses Umlaufgetriebe und auch die Wälzlager 32, 33 und 34 laufen in einem Ölbad, welches an den Ölkreislauf des Getriebes angeschlossen ist. Der Raum 37 ist durch den Deckel 36 dicht gegenüber diesem ölraum abgeschlossen. 38 deutet eine Überlastrutschkupplung an, über welche der aus den Teilen 13 bis 22 bestehende Schrämkopfkörper mit einer Nabe 39 verbunden ist, welche mittels der Wälzlager 32, 33 und 34 am Träger 11 gelagert ist.The cutter head body is mounted on the carrier 11 rigidly connected to the cutter arm 2 by means of roller bearings 32, 33 and 34. The outer bearing seat 35 of the roller bearing 34 is rigidly connected to the cutting head body, for example screwed, and closed by a cover 36. A cavity 37 is formed between the cover 36 and the plate 22. A non-illustrated epicyclic gear, which forms the last transmission stage, is also arranged within the carrier 11. This epicyclic gear and also the roller bearings 32, 33 and 34 run in an oil bath which is connected to the oil circuit of the gear. The space 37 is sealed off from the oil space by the cover 36. 38 indicates an overload slip clutch, via which the cutting head body consisting of parts 13 to 22 is connected to a hub 39, which is mounted on the carrier 11 by means of the roller bearings 32, 33 and 34.

Das zentrale mit dem Träger starr verbundene Rohr 29 ist auch im Deckel 36 durch eine Dichtung 40 dichtend geführt. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß gegebenenfalls durch die Dichtung 31 hindurchtretendes Wasser nicht in den Ölkreislauf, sondern nur in den Raum 37 gelangen kann, so daß ein Eintritt von Wasser in den Ölkreislauf vermieden ist. Dieser Raum 37 ist durch eine Öffnung 41 mit der Atmosphäre verbunden, so daß sich in dem Raum 37 ein Druck nicht aufbauen kann. In diese Öffnung 41 kann ein nicht dargestelltes, nach außen öffnendes Rückschlagventil und/oder eine Labyrinthdichtung eingebaut sein, so daß ein Eindringen von Schmutz in den Raum 37 vermieden ist.The central tube 29 rigidly connected to the carrier is also sealingly guided in the cover 36 by a seal 40. It is thereby achieved that, if necessary, water passing through the seal 31 cannot get into the oil circuit, but only into the space 37, so that entry of water into the oil circuit is avoided. This space 37 is connected to the atmosphere through an opening 41, so that a pressure cannot build up in the space 37. In this opening 41, a non-illustrated, outward opening check valve and / or a labyrinth seal can be installed, so that penetration of Dirt in the room 37 is avoided.

Über eine Bohrung 42 gelangt das Kühlwasser in einen Ringspalt 43 und über weitere Bohrungen 44 und 45 in einen Ringspalt 46. Diese beiden Ringspalte 43 und 46 erstrecken sich im wesentlichen über die axiale Länge des Schrämkopfkörpers. Die nicht dargestellten Kühlwasserdüsen befinden sich am Umfang des Schrämkopfkörpers und jede vom Umfang ausgehende radiale Bohrung muß somit in einen der Ringspalte 43 oder 46 treffen. In der Zeichnung sind solche radiale Bohrungen 47 und 48 dargestellt. Die zu den übrigen Düsen führenden Bohrungen liegen nicht in der Schnittebene. Von diesen Ringspalten 43 und 46 ist somit eine Wasserversorgung aller Düsen möglich. Der Ringspalt 46 liegt zwischen dem Mittelstück 18 und der Gruppe von zusammengeschweißten Scheiben 13 bis 17. Der Ringspalt43 liegt zwischen dem Endteil 19 und dem Ring 21. Diese Ringspalte können daher leicht vor dem Zusammenschweißen der Teile ausgespart werden. Da der Zuführungsdruck sehr hoch gewählt ist und beispielsweise 400 bar beträgt, ist die Belastung der die zylindrischen Ringspalte 43 und 46 begrenzenden Wände beträchtlich. Die zylindrischen Wände der Ringspalte 43 und 46 weisen eine große Fläche auf. Diese Flächenbelastungen können aber ohne weiteres durch die den Ringspalt 46 begrenzenden Scheiben 13 bis 17 und das Mittelstück 18 aufgenommen werden. Die auf die Stirnenden 49 und 50 des Ringspaltes 46 wirkenden Belastungen beanspruchen aber die Schweißverbindungen zwischen den Scheiben 13 bis 17. Dadurch aber, daß die Spaltbreite des Ringspaltes sehr klein gehalten ist, sind diese Belastungen auch bei sehr hohem Zuführungsdruck des Kühlwassers nur gering und daher ungefährlich.The cooling water passes through a bore 42 into an annular gap 43 and through further bores 44 and 45 into an annular gap 46. These two annular gaps 43 and 46 extend essentially over the axial length of the cutting head body. The cooling water nozzles, not shown, are located on the circumference of the cutting head body and each radial bore starting from the circumference must therefore meet in one of the annular gaps 43 or 46. Such radial bores 47 and 48 are shown in the drawing. The holes leading to the other nozzles are not in the cutting plane. A water supply to all nozzles is thus possible from these annular gaps 43 and 46. The annular gap 46 lies between the middle piece 18 and the group of disks 13 to 17 welded together. The annular gap 43 lies between the end part 19 and the ring 21. These annular gaps can therefore easily be left out before the parts are welded together. Since the supply pressure is chosen to be very high and is, for example, 400 bar, the load on the walls delimiting the cylindrical annular gaps 43 and 46 is considerable. The cylindrical walls of the annular gaps 43 and 46 have a large area. However, these surface loads can easily be absorbed by the disks 13 to 17 delimiting the annular gap 46 and the center piece 18. The loads acting on the ends 49 and 50 of the annular gap 46, however, stress the welded connections between the disks 13 to 17. However, because the gap width of the annular gap is kept very small, these loads are only slight even at very high supply pressure of the cooling water and therefore harmless.

In Fig.1 ist darüberhinaus der Antrieb des Schrämkopfes schematisch dargestellt. Hiebei ist mit 51 das verzahnte Abtriebswellenende bezeichnet, dessen Verzahnung mit im Träger 11 an Achsen 52 gelagerten Zwischenrädern 53 kämmt. Diese Zwischenräder stehen wieder mit einer Innenverzannung 54 eines als Hohlrad ausgebildeten Teiles des drehbar gelagerten Schrämkopfes 6 inIn Figure 1, the drive of the cutting head is also shown schematically. Hiebei is denoted by 51 the toothed output shaft end, the teeth of which meshes with intermediate wheels 53 mounted on axles 52 in the carrier 11. These intermediate wheels are back with internal teeth 54 of a part of the rotatably mounted cutting head 6 in

Eingriff.Intervention.

Claims (7)

1. Mit Meißeln bestückter hohl ausgebildeter Schrämkopf, der an einem in den hohlen Schrämkopf ragenden Träger rotierbar lagerbar ist und welcher Kühlwasserdüsen aufweist, welche gegen Meißel gerichtet sind, wobei das Kühlwasser in den Schrämkopfkörper und über Kanäle in demselben zu den Kühlwasserdüsen führbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Schrämkopfkörper (6) ein Verteilraum (30) angeordnet ist, welcher mit einem in der Achse des Trägers (11) starr angeordneten Wasserzuführungsrohr (29) fluchtet, wobei das Wasserzuführungsrohr (29) in den Verteilraum (30) mündet und dichtend an den Verteilraum (30) des drehbar gelagerten Schrämkopfkörpers (6) anschließbar ist, daß im Schrämkopfkörper (6) wenigstens ein Ringspalt (46, 43) vorgesehen ist, welcher sich in axialer Richtung des Schrämkopfes erstreckt, daß der Ringspalt (46, 43) über wenigstens eine Bohrung (42) mit dem Verteilraum (30) verbunden ist und daß in den Ringspalt (46, 43) Bohrungen (47, 48) münden, welche zu den Kühlwasserdüsen führen.1. Hollow-shaped cutter head equipped with chisels, which can be rotatably supported on a support projecting into the hollow cutter head and which has cooling water nozzles which are directed against chisels, the cooling water being able to be guided in the cutter head body and via channels in the same to the cooling water nozzles, thereby characterized in that a distribution space (30) is arranged in the cutting head body (6), which is aligned with a water supply pipe (29) rigidly arranged in the axis of the carrier (11), the water supply pipe (29) opening into the distribution space (30) and sealing it can be connected to the distribution space (30) of the rotatably mounted cutting head body (6) that at least one annular gap (46, 43) is provided in the cutting head body (6), which extends in the axial direction of the cutting head so that the annular gap (46, 43) is connected to the distribution space (30) via at least one bore (42) and that bores (47, 48) open into the annular gap (46, 43) and lead to the cooling water guide the nozzles. 2. Schrämkopf nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens ein Ringspalt (46) sich über wenigstens ein Drittel, vorzugsweise die Hälfte der axialen Länge des Schrämkopfkörpers (6) erstreckt.2. Cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one annular gap (46) extends over at least one third, preferably half of the axial length of the cutting head body (6). 3. Schrämkopf nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schrämkopfkörper- (6) in an sich bekannter Weise aus axial aneinandergereihten Scheiben (13, 14, 15, 16, 17), welche miteinander verschweißt sind, aufgebaut ist und die Größe einer den Ringspalt begrenzenden Stirnfläche (49, 50) nur einen Bruchteil, vorzugsweise höchstens 1/10 bis 1/20 der Größe'der Umfangsfläche des Ringspaltes (46, 43) beträgt.3. Cutting head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Schrämkopfkörper- (6) in a conventional manner from axially lined up disks (13, 14, 15, 16, 17), which are welded together, is constructed and the size an end face delimiting the annular gap (49, 50) is only a fraction, preferably at most 1/10 to 1/20, of the size of the circumferential surface of the annular gap (46, 43). 4. Schrämkopf nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Wasserzuführungsrohr (29) dichtend durch eine mit dem Schrämkopf (6) rotierende Wandung (36) hindurchgeführt ist, welche einen vom Ölraum des Schrämkopfantriebes und von den den Schrämkopf (6) tragenden Wälzlagern (32, 33, 34) getrennten Raum (37) begrenzt.4. cutting head according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the water supply pipe (29) sealingly through a with the cutting head (6) rotating wall (36) which is one of the oil space of the cutting head drive and the cutting head (6 ) bearing roller bearings (32, 33, 34) limited space (37). 5. Schrämkopf nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der vom Ölraum getrennte Raum (37) mit der Atmosphäre in Verbindung steht.5. Cutting head according to claim 4, characterized in that the space (37) separated from the oil space communicates with the atmosphere. 6. Schrämkopf nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der vom ölraum getrennte Raum (37) mit der Atmosphäre über ein zur Atmosphäre öffnendes Rückschlagventil und/oder eine Labyrinthdichtung od.dgl. in Verbindung steht.6. Cutting head according to claim 5, characterized in that the space separated from the oil space (37) with the atmosphere via a check valve opening to the atmosphere and / or a labyrinth seal or the like. communicates. 7. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Schrämkopfes nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kühlwasser dem Schrämkopf unter einem Druck von über 300 bar, vorzugsweise unter einem Druck von ungefähr 400 bar, zugeführt wird.7. A method of operating a cutting head according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the cooling water is supplied to the cutting head under a pressure of over 300 bar, preferably under a pressure of about 40 0 bar.
EP80890010A 1979-02-09 1980-01-18 Cutter head with water nozzles and process for operating this head Expired EP0014695B1 (en)

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AT99879A AT359453B (en) 1979-02-09 1979-02-09 SCREW HEAD
AT998/79 1979-02-09

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EP0014695B1 EP0014695B1 (en) 1983-05-11

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JP (1) JPS6027359B2 (en)
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AU (1) AU535581B2 (en)
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EP0122252A2 (en) * 1983-04-11 1984-10-17 VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft Method of sprinkling bits and/or working-faces by means of a pressurized fluid, and device for carrying out the method
EP0161465A1 (en) * 1984-04-14 1985-11-21 Etablissement public dit: CHARBONNAGES DE FRANCE Rotating body of a cutting head of a selective-cut heading machine
US4735458A (en) * 1985-04-18 1988-04-05 Voest-Alpine Aktiengesellschaft Device for intermittently subjecting axially shiftable bits of a cutting head to the action of pressurized fluids
DE3800426A1 (en) * 1988-01-09 1989-07-20 Freier Fritz Fa Cutter head for rock or coal extraction
CN109322664A (en) * 2018-12-06 2019-02-12 河南工程学院 A kind of automatic cutting arrangement in coal mining

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AT375151B (en) * 1982-09-03 1984-07-10 Voest Alpine Ag SCREW HEAD FOR TRACK DRIVING MACHINES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
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AT381561B (en) * 1985-01-21 1986-11-10 Voest Alpine Ag DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING WATER TO THE SCREWING HEADS OF A SCREWING MACHINE
JPS61143060U (en) * 1985-02-26 1986-09-04
DE3536171A1 (en) * 1985-10-10 1987-04-16 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia CROSS-CUTTING HEAD OF A PARTIAL CUTTING MACHINE WITH INTERIOR CONTROL
AT393296B (en) * 1989-05-16 1991-09-25 Voest Alpine Maschinenbau DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING FLUID FOR THE USE OF CHISELS IN A CLEANING ROLLER
GB9804631D0 (en) * 1998-03-06 1998-04-29 Minnovation Ltd Water seal arrangement
JP2011084993A (en) * 2009-10-19 2011-04-28 Mitsui Miike Mach Co Ltd Cutting boom of load header
EP2811113A1 (en) * 2013-06-06 2014-12-10 Caterpillar Global Mining Europe GmbH Modular cutting head
US8967730B2 (en) 2013-07-01 2015-03-03 Caterpillar Global Mining America Llc Wethead seal design for continuous mining machine
CN105178956A (en) * 2015-09-15 2015-12-23 淮北市众泰机电工程有限公司 Coal cutter head device with dust removal structure
WO2017204665A1 (en) * 2016-05-23 2017-11-30 Bumech S.A. Roadheader ripping head with a cooling duct
CN110080786A (en) * 2019-04-04 2019-08-02 中船重型装备有限公司 A kind of shield machine and its guard method with end face freezing system

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EP0122252A2 (en) * 1983-04-11 1984-10-17 VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft Method of sprinkling bits and/or working-faces by means of a pressurized fluid, and device for carrying out the method
EP0122252A3 (en) * 1983-04-11 1985-05-15 Voest-Alpine Aktiengesellschaft Method of sprinkling bits and/or working-faces by means of a pressurized fluid, and device for carrying out the method
EP0161465A1 (en) * 1984-04-14 1985-11-21 Etablissement public dit: CHARBONNAGES DE FRANCE Rotating body of a cutting head of a selective-cut heading machine
US4735458A (en) * 1985-04-18 1988-04-05 Voest-Alpine Aktiengesellschaft Device for intermittently subjecting axially shiftable bits of a cutting head to the action of pressurized fluids
DE3800426A1 (en) * 1988-01-09 1989-07-20 Freier Fritz Fa Cutter head for rock or coal extraction
CN109322664A (en) * 2018-12-06 2019-02-12 河南工程学院 A kind of automatic cutting arrangement in coal mining

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AT359453B (en) 1980-11-10
IN153640B (en) 1984-08-04
DD149101A5 (en) 1981-06-24
AR223696A1 (en) 1981-09-15
EP0014695B1 (en) 1983-05-11
RO86913A2 (en) 1985-06-29
YU33180A (en) 1983-04-30
DE3062997D1 (en) 1983-06-16
AU535581B2 (en) 1984-03-29
SU1187728A3 (en) 1985-10-23
HU182088B (en) 1983-12-28
PL122621B1 (en) 1982-08-31
RO86913B1 (en) 1985-06-30
JPS55111598A (en) 1980-08-28
ATA99879A (en) 1980-04-15
JPS6027359B2 (en) 1985-06-28
ZA8036B (en) 1980-12-31
BR8000808A (en) 1980-10-14
CS256351B2 (en) 1988-04-15
AU5535380A (en) 1980-08-14
US4289357A (en) 1981-09-15
BG39298A3 (en) 1986-05-15
PL221913A1 (en) 1980-11-03
CA1124754A (en) 1982-06-01

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