EP0012743A1 - Piezo-elektrisches Steuerventil - Google Patents

Piezo-elektrisches Steuerventil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0012743A1
EP0012743A1 EP79930028A EP79930028A EP0012743A1 EP 0012743 A1 EP0012743 A1 EP 0012743A1 EP 79930028 A EP79930028 A EP 79930028A EP 79930028 A EP79930028 A EP 79930028A EP 0012743 A1 EP0012743 A1 EP 0012743A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jet pipe
control valve
nozzle
ports
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP79930028A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kail Lester Linebrink
Lawrence Sidney Smith
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Raytheon Technologies Corp
Original Assignee
United Technologies Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by United Technologies Corp filed Critical United Technologies Corp
Publication of EP0012743A1 publication Critical patent/EP0012743A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/042—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by fluid pressure
    • F15B13/043—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by fluid pressure with electrically-controlled pilot valves
    • F15B13/0436—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by fluid pressure with electrically-controlled pilot valves the pilot valves being of the steerable jet type

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a control valve, and specifically to a valve in which fluid flowing through a jet pipe is continuously varied between two control ports by energization of a pair of piezoceramic actuator sheets mechanically connected to the jet pipe.
  • the difference in pressure between the two control ports may be used to regulate the position of a servo actuator.
  • An advanced variable cycle engine may require as many as twelve actuation loops for engine geometry and main and augmenter fuel flow control.
  • Advances in microprocessor and other electronic technology resulting in more functional capability at lower electrical power are offset by increased power requirements as more servo functions are added.
  • Increased electrical power requirements are particularly detrimental to engine mounted electronic controls that must regulate power supplied for servo control since this results in an additional heat load for the electronic package.
  • the present invention provides a low power electron- hydraulic control valve suitable for operation in engines and which may be operated using contaminated fuel or other fluids.
  • the control valve uses piezoelectric elements for actuation of the valve element, such elements requiring lower electrical power and being of lower cost than alternate electromagnetic actuators such as torque motors, stepper motors, or solenoids.
  • a piezoelectric actuator operated in the bending mode also reduces supply voltage requirements.
  • the combination of a piezoelectric element with a jet pipe valve provides a contamination resistant electrohydraulic interface for an electronic servo controller, and when used as a fuel valve is insensitive to magnetic particles suspended in the working fluid.
  • Another object of this invention is a piezoelectric control valve in which the principal element is a piezoceramic actuator which is connected to and controls the. movement of a jet pipe control valve,
  • a further object of this invention is a low power piezoelectric control valve suitable for operation with contaminated fuel.
  • Another object of this invention is a control valve which is adapted to respond to a control signal and produce a continuously variable pressure difference between two output ports, the pressure difference being used to control a servo actuator.
  • a jet pipe adapted to pass fluid therethrough, the fluid being fuel or other hydraulic oil under pressure.
  • a nozzle is located at the end of the jet pipe. Directly in line with the end of the nozzle are two adjacent fluid receiving ports adapted to receive the fluid output from the jet pipe. At its null position, the output from the jet pipe is divided evenly between the two ports, and the pressure difference between the two ports is zero.
  • a piezoceramic actuator is mechanically connected to the jet pipe and adapted to move the jet pipe, in response to an electric voltage applied to the piezoceramic actuator, in a direction such that the jet pipe fluid output will increase the pressure at one port and decrease the pressure at the other port.
  • An actuator or servo connected to the ports is responsive to the pressure difference therebetween and will move a load in accordance therewith.
  • the electric voltage applied to move the piezoceramic actuator is either a positive or negative voltage, and causes movement of the jet pipe in one of two directions in a plane containing the two ports.
  • the voltage is normally produced in response to a demand signal indicative of a desired change in the load as part of a control system.
  • Fig, 1 is a schematic representation showing the main features of the present invention, and is meant to be representative of the oprational features, a preferred implementation and the best mode of construction thereof being shown with respect to Figs, 3 and 4.
  • a source of pressurized fluid such as the fuel in a turbine engine is fed from a source, not shown, to an inlet 12 from which it passes into a flexible metal pipe 14 having a jet nozzle 16 at the end thereof.
  • the pipe 14 is steel with a diameter of 0.090 inches, while the nozzle has a diameter of 0.008 inches, the nozzle being designed to efficiently convert the fluid pressure into fluid velocity, as is well known in the art.
  • the inlet end of the pipe 14 is inserted in a housing 18, typically of steel or any other suitable stiff material.
  • the nozzle end of the pipe 14 has an extended flange 20 to which is attached, via a rabbet in the flange 20, a piezoceramic actuator element 22 composed of two layers of piezoelectric material, 24a and 24b, bonded together.
  • the actuator element 22 is preferably bonded to the rabbet in flange 20, and securely attached at its other end to the housing 18 such as by clamps, not shown.
  • the piezoelectric elements 24a and 24b are commonly- available piezoelectric crystals such as lead zirconate titanate, preferred for use in turbine engine controls because of its temperature characteristics, but other similar crystals may be used.
  • an electric field When an electric field is placed across the crystal it changes its length.
  • application of an electric field causes the crystal to expand or contract in certain directions.
  • the directions in which compression or tension develop polarization parallel to the strain are called the piezoelectric axes of the crystal.
  • the magnitude of the piezoelectric polarization is proportional to the strain and the corresponding stress. The direction is reversed when the strain changes from compression to tension,
  • the electric field is applied to the piezoelectric crystals 24a and 24b from a variable voltage source 26, the magnitude of the voltage being a function of the composition and size of the particular crystals.
  • the two piezoelectric crystals 24a and 24b are arranged so that when one layer expands the other contracts causing both layers to bend in the same manner that a temperature change causes a bimetal thermostat to deflect.
  • the piezoelectric crystals 24a and 24b can be operated in parallel or series connection, parallel being preferred in that it provides twice the output deflection for the same voltage as the series connection, although the series connection has the advantage of eliminating an electrical lead wire between the two crystals,
  • the variable voltage source is shown as a block 26, but in practice it will normally be a voltage produced by a preceding stage in a control system such as an electronic fuel control, the voltage being positive or negative and of a magnitude to produce the desired direction and magnitude of bending of the piezoceramic actuator 22 and, as will be described, the desired change in pressure required to vary a load, Alternatively, a controllable push-pull amplifier may be used as the variable voltage source,
  • the electrical connection between the crystals are not shown but will be apparent to those skilled in the art,
  • Deflection of the piezoceramic actuator 22 in response to an applied voltage will cause deflection of flange 20 and pipe 14 in a vertical direction as shown in Fig. 1,
  • the pressurized fluid exiting from nozzle 16 is directed toward two outlet or control ports, 28 and 30, contained in-housing 18, and fed through passages in the housing wall to respective outlets 32 and 34.
  • the pipe 14 and nozzle 16 are positioned relative to ports 28 and 30 such that fluid exiting from nozzle 16 is divided equally between ports 28 and 30 whereby the pressures P B and P A at outlets 32 and 34 are equal.
  • a fluid return port 36 and outlet 38 provide a path for any fluid not fed to the control ports to be removed from the housing, this fluid typically being returned to the fluid source.
  • Figure 2 is a plot of the pressure characteristics of the control ports 28 and 30 relative to the applied voltage.
  • the direction of deflection of the nozzle will depend on the orientation of the crystals and the polarity of the voltage, so that Fig. 2 is meant only to be representative in this regard.
  • Fig. 2 shows that deflection of the piezoelectric actuator 22 and jet pipe 14 are proportional to the applied voltage and produce the pressure versus voltage characteristics shown by line 40. Full deflection in one direction will cause the curve to flatten and produce a maximum pressure differential as shown by the formulae PA P B /P S -P 0
  • the jet pipe flow forces are axial and do not place a load on the piezoelectric actuator 22, thus resulting in the lowest possible power requirements.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 22 is a capacitor element, preferably in the range of .02 to .20 u ⁇ depending on actuator size, and results in actuator power requirements of less than 0.010 watts with a 28 volt dc supply.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 show a preferred construction of the control valve
  • the fluid supply Ps comprises line 42 external of housing 44 and the pipe 46 connected to line 42 contains a metallic flexible coupling 48 to avoid splitting of the pipe due to the flexing thereof.
  • a nozzle 50 having attached thereto horizontally extending flange portions 52 on either side thereof and shown best in the top view of Fig. 4, is positioned over the end of pipe 46.
  • the piezoceramic elements 54a and 54b, not shown in Fig. 3, are bonded to the flange portions 52 on both sides of pipe 46, and are fixedly secured at their opposite ends to a clamp 56 attached to housing 44 such as by screws 58.
  • Each of the two piezoceramic elements 54a and 54b are preferably two layers of piezoelectric material bonded together as shown in Fig. 1, with an electric voltage applied to each of the two elements 54 to produce movement of the elements 54 and nozzle 50 bonded thereto.
  • the voltage source and electrical connections are not shown in Figs. 3 and 4.
  • Mechanical stops 60 (Fig. 3) which may be adjustable screw-type inserts in housing 44 prevent deflection of nozzle 50 beyond preadjusted limits.
  • a fluid return line 62 is also connected to housing 44.
  • Control ports 62 and 64 providing respectively pressures P A and P B feed a servo, not shown, which uses the pressure differential to vary a load in response to the voltage applied to the elements 54 and described with respect to Fig. 2.
  • the valve of the present invention When used as a control valve in a fuel control for turbine engines, the valve of the present invention provides a contamination-resistant electrohydraulic interface for an electronic servo controller, requires lower electrical power and is of lower cost than alternate actuators, reduces supply voltage requirements, and is insensitive to magnetic particles suspended in the fluid which is typically jet fuel.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Servomotors (AREA)
EP79930028A 1978-12-18 1979-11-20 Piezo-elektrisches Steuerventil Withdrawn EP0012743A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US97076478A 1978-12-18 1978-12-18
US970764 1978-12-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0012743A1 true EP0012743A1 (de) 1980-06-25

Family

ID=25517480

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79930028A Withdrawn EP0012743A1 (de) 1978-12-18 1979-11-20 Piezo-elektrisches Steuerventil

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0012743A1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5582802A (de)
CA (1) CA1115172A (de)
IL (1) IL58598A0 (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2161957A (en) * 1984-07-11 1986-01-22 Frank Edward Sanville Fluidic diverter valve
EP0504465A1 (de) * 1991-03-21 1992-09-23 MOOG GmbH Fluidischer Wandler mit Piezo-Antrieb
WO2003071132A2 (en) * 2002-02-15 2003-08-28 Siemens Technology-To-Business Center, Llc Small piezoelectric air pumps with unobstructed airflow
US20170051629A1 (en) * 2015-08-21 2017-02-23 Rolls-Royce Plc Actuator control
EP3242041A1 (de) * 2016-05-03 2017-11-08 Zodiac Hydraulics Servoventil mit asymmetrischem redundantem piezoelektrischem stellglied
EP3321516A1 (de) * 2016-11-09 2018-05-16 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Servoventil
EP3412921A1 (de) * 2017-06-05 2018-12-12 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Servoventilbaugruppe

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3286719A (en) * 1963-12-30 1966-11-22 Ling Temco Vought Inc Piezoelectric fluid jet transfer valve
GB1205746A (en) * 1966-10-20 1970-09-16 Dunlop Co Ltd Fluid pressure control systems
US3939857A (en) * 1975-06-24 1976-02-24 Bernaerts Henry J Dual piezoelectric fluid jet transfer valve
DE2511752A1 (de) * 1975-03-18 1976-10-07 Ver Flugtechnische Werke Signalwandlerstufe

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3286719A (en) * 1963-12-30 1966-11-22 Ling Temco Vought Inc Piezoelectric fluid jet transfer valve
GB1205746A (en) * 1966-10-20 1970-09-16 Dunlop Co Ltd Fluid pressure control systems
DE2511752A1 (de) * 1975-03-18 1976-10-07 Ver Flugtechnische Werke Signalwandlerstufe
US3939857A (en) * 1975-06-24 1976-02-24 Bernaerts Henry J Dual piezoelectric fluid jet transfer valve

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
MACHINE DESIGN, Vol. 43, No. 2, January 21, 1971, Cleveland US "Flapping crystal generates fluidic signals", page 93. * Entirely * *

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2161957A (en) * 1984-07-11 1986-01-22 Frank Edward Sanville Fluidic diverter valve
EP0504465A1 (de) * 1991-03-21 1992-09-23 MOOG GmbH Fluidischer Wandler mit Piezo-Antrieb
WO2003071132A2 (en) * 2002-02-15 2003-08-28 Siemens Technology-To-Business Center, Llc Small piezoelectric air pumps with unobstructed airflow
US7061161B2 (en) 2002-02-15 2006-06-13 Siemens Technology-To-Business Center Llc Small piezoelectric air pumps with unobstructed airflow
US7282837B2 (en) 2002-02-15 2007-10-16 Siemens Technology-To-Business Center Llc Small piezoelectric air pumps with unobstructed airflow
WO2003071132A3 (en) * 2002-02-15 2007-12-21 Siemens Tech To Business Ct Small piezoelectric air pumps with unobstructed airflow
US7358649B2 (en) 2002-02-15 2008-04-15 Siemens Technology-To-Business Center, Llc Small piezoelectric air pumps with unobstructed airflow
US7417359B2 (en) 2002-02-15 2008-08-26 Siemens Technology-To-Business Center, Llc Small piezoelectric air pumps with unobstructed airflow
US20170051629A1 (en) * 2015-08-21 2017-02-23 Rolls-Royce Plc Actuator control
EP3133297B1 (de) * 2015-08-21 2019-05-15 Rolls-Royce plc Gasturbinenmotor mit aktuatorsteuerung
US10662801B2 (en) 2015-08-21 2020-05-26 Rolls-Royce Plc Actuator control
EP3242041A1 (de) * 2016-05-03 2017-11-08 Zodiac Hydraulics Servoventil mit asymmetrischem redundantem piezoelektrischem stellglied
FR3051026A1 (fr) * 2016-05-03 2017-11-10 Zodiac Hydraulics Servovalve a actionneur piezo electrique redondant asymetrique.
US10651364B2 (en) 2016-05-03 2020-05-12 Zodiac Hydraulics Servo valve with asymmetrical redundant piezoelectric actuator
EP3321516A1 (de) * 2016-11-09 2018-05-16 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Servoventil
US10598297B2 (en) 2016-11-09 2020-03-24 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Servovalve
EP3412921A1 (de) * 2017-06-05 2018-12-12 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Servoventilbaugruppe
US10544870B2 (en) 2017-06-05 2020-01-28 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Servovalve assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5582802A (en) 1980-06-21
CA1115172A (en) 1981-12-29
IL58598A0 (en) 1980-02-29

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Effective date: 19810407

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Inventor name: LINEBRINK, KAIL LESTER

Inventor name: SMITH, LAWRENCE SIDNEY