EP0012143A1 - Luftexpansionskammer - Google Patents

Luftexpansionskammer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0012143A1
EP0012143A1 EP78300862A EP78300862A EP0012143A1 EP 0012143 A1 EP0012143 A1 EP 0012143A1 EP 78300862 A EP78300862 A EP 78300862A EP 78300862 A EP78300862 A EP 78300862A EP 0012143 A1 EP0012143 A1 EP 0012143A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
wall
outlet
air
air filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP78300862A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0012143B1 (de
Inventor
Colin Ralph Clifton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Werke GmbH
Ford France SA
Ford Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Ford Werke GmbH
Ford France SA
Ford Motor Co Ltd
Ford Motor Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Werke GmbH, Ford France SA, Ford Motor Co Ltd, Ford Motor Co filed Critical Ford Werke GmbH
Priority to EP19780300862 priority Critical patent/EP0012143B1/de
Priority to DE7878300862T priority patent/DE2861390D1/de
Publication of EP0012143A1 publication Critical patent/EP0012143A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0012143B1 publication Critical patent/EP0012143B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/14—Combined air cleaners and silencers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/02—Air cleaners
    • F02M35/0201—Housings; Casings; Frame constructions; Lids; Manufacturing or assembling thereof
    • F02M35/0205—Details, e.g. sensors or measuring devices
    • F02M35/0207—Details, e.g. sensors or measuring devices on the clean air side
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/02—Air cleaners
    • F02M35/024—Air cleaners using filters, e.g. moistened
    • F02M35/02475—Air cleaners using filters, e.g. moistened characterised by the shape of the filter element
    • F02M35/02483—Cylindrical, conical, oval, spherical or the like filter elements; wounded filter elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/12—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification
    • F02M35/1205—Flow throttling or guiding
    • F02M35/1211—Flow throttling or guiding by using inserts in the air intake flow path, e.g. baffles, throttles or orifices; Flow guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/12—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification
    • F02M35/1244—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification using interference; Masking or reflecting sound

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to air expansion chambers for air filter assemblies or exhaust systems of internal combustion engines.
  • Air filter assemblies for internal combustion engines comprise one or more expansion chambers through which air passes before entering the combustion chambers of the engine, an air filter being mounted in the, or one of the, chambers.
  • the expansion chamber comprises a supporting surface on which a removable annular air filter may be positioned, an annular wall surrounding the supporting surface and a closure.
  • the air filter is usually held centrally within the chamber between the supporting surface and the closure, and air is drawn through the filter from an air inlet in the annular wall to an air outlet positioned centrally in the supporting surface.
  • the shape and relative positions of the inlet and outlet to the exapnsion chamber must be so positioned that the air filter assembly does not interfere with the surrounding components of the engine on which it is mounted, for this reason, we have found it desirable to mount the outlet to the expansion chamber asymmetrically with respect to the surrounding walls of the chamber. Where the outlet is in the form of a simple aperture in one wall of the chamber however, the chamber generates undesirably high noise levesl within certain operating frequencies of the engine.
  • asymmetrical outlet orifices in expansion chambers of exhaust systems can generate high noise levels.
  • the noise levels can be substantially reduced by froming the outlet orifice in a cowl within the chamber so that the outlet orifice is inclined to the plane of the wall in which it is mounted.
  • the present invention therefore specifically provides an expansion chamber for an air filter assembly or an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine comprising an air inlet to the chamber, and an air outlet in one wall of the chamber, the air outlet being positioned asymmetrically with respect to surrounding walls of the chamber and including a cowl defining an outlet orifice which is inclined to the plane of the said one wall.
  • the expansion chamber is constructed to accommodate an air filter element which is positioned on the said one wall around the outlet, and a wall opposite the said one wall comprises a removable closure allowing access to the extension chamber for installation and removal of the filter element.
  • the outlet orifice is preferably so inclined that its plane intersects the wall opposite the said one wall.
  • the outlet orifice say be inclined to the supporting surface at any angle up to 90°.
  • the angle of inclination is from 10 to 60°, desirably from 15°to 30°.
  • outlet orifice will be oriented to face across the largest dimension of the said one wall.
  • the orifice is preferably defined by an outwardly flared lip on the cowl.
  • the holder may be manufactured from any suitable material, for example pressed steel or a moulded plastics material.
  • the air filter assembly comprises an expansion chamber 1 which is composed of a supporting wall 2 and an integral annular wall 3.
  • the annular wall 3 is circular in plan, but other shapes may be used.
  • a closure 5 is mounted on top of the wall 3 by a conventional releasable fastener (not shown) and forms an airtight seal with the wall 3.
  • An annular filter cartridge 6 is positioned between the closure 5 and the supporting wall 2 and is held in sealing engagement therewith.
  • the wall 3 defines an air inlet orifice 7 in which an air feed tube 8 is mounted.
  • the supporting wall 2 carried a cowl 9 which defines a circular outlet orifice 10.
  • the cowl 9 is offset from the centre 11 of the supporting wall and so shaped that the orifice 10 lies in a plane which is inclindd at an angle A to the plane of the supporting wall 3.
  • the angle A is 45°
  • the plane of the orifice 10 passes through the closure 5, as indicated by the broken line B in Figure 1.
  • the orifice 10 faces across the largest dimension of the chamber 1, generally towards the inlet orifice 7.
  • the precise angle of inclination A of the orifice 10 and its orientation with respect to the inlet orifice 7 will vary according to the exact construction of the holder and is determined by simple experiment.
  • the chamber 1 is mounted on an internal combustion engine so that the cowl 9 communicates with the carburettor of the engine.
  • the fact that the cowl 9 is off-set from the centre of the supporting wall 3 facilitates accommodation of the assembly adjacent bulky engine components, and the inclination of the orifice 10 reduces the level of noise which would otherwise be generated in the chamber 1.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a chamber of similar shape and size to that of Figures 1 and 2 but in which the outlet orifice lies in the plane of the supporting wall 2.
  • sound waves emitted from the orifice, indicated by broken lines 14 meet opposite sides of the annular wall 3 at different times, and interfere with the sound waves reflected from the walls 3 indicated by the broken lines 15. At certain frequencies, this interference will be additive, thus causing the chamber to generate a loud note.
  • the sound waves generated at the orifice 10 all meet the wall 3 substantially simultaneously. Reflected waves from the walls do not therefore interfere additively with the original waves.
  • the wave forms within the chamber are similar to those of conventional expansion chambers in which the outlet is located centrally in the supporting wall. The leve.1s of noise generated by such chambers are usually completely acceptable.
  • FIG. 5 The audible characteristics of a number of chambers are illustrated in Figure 5.
  • Curve 1 was obtained using a conventional air filter assembly having a chamber of similar shape to that of Figure 1, except that the outlet orifice was located centrally in the supporting wall.
  • the chamber was connected to a loudspeaker system c apable of emitting signals in the frequency range 30-1000 Hz, and the sound emitted from the chamber was detected and its frequency analysed using conventional sound analysis equipment.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the variation in intensity of the sound emitted by the chamber over the frequency range 400 to 900 Hz, which is the range in which greatest variation in intensities is observed with the chambers tested. The intensity is recorded on the ordinate in decibels, and the frequency is recorded on the abscissa in Hertz. As can be seen from Figure 5, the frequency curve exhibits there maxima in the region of 450, 650 and 850 Hz. The noise emitted by the chamber when fitted to a vehicle was acceptable.
  • FIG. 5 The audible characteristics of a number of chambers are illustrated in Figure 5.
  • Curve 1 was obtained using a conventional air filter assembly having a chamber of similar shape to that of Figure 1, except that the outlet orifice was located eentrally in the supporting wall.
  • the chamber was connected to a loudspeaker system capable of emitting signals in the frequency range 30 - 1000 Hz,. and the sound emitted from the chamber was detected and its frequency analysed using conventional sound analysis equipment.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the variation in intensity of the sound emitted by the chamber over the frequency range 400 to 900 Hz, which is the range in which greatest variation in intensities is observed with the chambers tested. The intensity is recorded on the ordinate in decibels, and the frequency is recorded on the abscissa in Hertz. As can be seen from Figure 5, the frequency curve exhibits three maxima in the region of 450, 650 and 850 Hz. The noise emitted by the chamber when fitted to a vehicle was acceptable.
  • Curve 2 was obtained using a chamber similar to that illustrar- ted in Figure 3.
  • the noise level emitted by the chamber was generally much higher than that of the first chamber.
  • the curve also exhibits three maxima at approximately the same frequencies as curve 1. However the level of sound emitted at frequencies above 650 Hz is much higher, indicating the general increase in noise which produced unacceptable noise levels when fitted to a vehicle.
  • Curve 3 was obtained using a chamber similar to that of Figure 1, except that the cowl 9 is curved through 90° (i.e. the angle A is equal to 909).
  • the noise emitted by the chamber was less than that emitted by the second chamber and would have been acceptable for commercial use.
  • the level was however greater than that emitted by the first chamber.
  • the curve also exhibits the three maxima at about 430, 650 and 850 Hz. In contrast to curve 2 however, the sound levels at frequencies between 650 and 850 Hz are greatly reduced.
  • Curve 4 was obtained using a chamber similar to that of Figure 1 in hhich the angle A of the cowl was 20°. The noise emitted by this chamber was less than that of either the second or third chamber.
  • the audible frequency distribution curve exhibits the same three maxima as curves 1 to 3, but the maximum at about 850 Hz is no greater than that for curve 1 , and the levels for frequencies in the range 750 to 800 Hz are substantially less than those of curves 2 and 3.
  • Figure 4 illustrates an alternative construction for the cowl of a chamber in accordance with the invention.
  • the orifice of the cowl 9 is in the form of an outwardly flared lip 19 which smooths the passage of air through the cowl and thereby reduces the restriction on the air flow which is produced by sharp-edged orifices.
  • Both embodiments of the invention may be manufactured cheaply and easily as plastics mouldings or, alternatively, as metal pressings.
  • expansion chambers for air filter assemblies of internal combustion engines are expansion chambers for air filter assemblies of internal combustion engines; the invention is equally applicable to expansion chambers of engine exhaust systems.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
EP19780300862 1978-12-19 1978-12-19 Luftexpansionskammer Expired EP0012143B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19780300862 EP0012143B1 (de) 1978-12-19 1978-12-19 Luftexpansionskammer
DE7878300862T DE2861390D1 (en) 1978-12-19 1978-12-19 Air expansion chamber

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19780300862 EP0012143B1 (de) 1978-12-19 1978-12-19 Luftexpansionskammer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0012143A1 true EP0012143A1 (de) 1980-06-25
EP0012143B1 EP0012143B1 (de) 1981-11-25

Family

ID=8186032

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19780300862 Expired EP0012143B1 (de) 1978-12-19 1978-12-19 Luftexpansionskammer

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0012143B1 (de)
DE (1) DE2861390D1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2534630A1 (fr) * 1982-10-21 1984-04-20 Volzh Ob Proizv Filtre a air pour moteur a combustion interne

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1930201A (en) * 1932-07-01 1933-10-10 John B Huglen Air intake manifold for use on diesel engines
FR1109653A (fr) * 1954-08-10 1956-01-31 Perfectionnements aux filtres à air
FR1140679A (fr) * 1955-08-18 1957-08-05 Filtre à air agissant également comme silencieux d'admission utilisable sur les moteurs à combustion interne
US2848065A (en) * 1956-02-15 1958-08-19 Purolator Products Inc Air cleaner
GB849337A (en) * 1958-01-08 1960-09-28 Gen Motors Ltd Improvements in or relating to air intake silencers for internal combustion engines
FR1406243A (fr) * 1964-08-26 1965-07-16 Knecht Filterwerke Gmbh Mode de conformation et de disposition d'un filtre formant silencieux d'admission emboîtable sur le tube d'aspiration du carburateur d'un moteur à combustion interne
GB1060852A (en) * 1963-06-05 1967-03-08 Coopers Mech Joints Improvements in or relating to air filters
US4000786A (en) * 1975-11-03 1977-01-04 Vernay Laboratories, Inc. Marine muffler
DE2702160A1 (de) * 1977-01-20 1978-07-27 Volkswagenwerk Ag Ansaugsystem

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1930201A (en) * 1932-07-01 1933-10-10 John B Huglen Air intake manifold for use on diesel engines
FR1109653A (fr) * 1954-08-10 1956-01-31 Perfectionnements aux filtres à air
FR1140679A (fr) * 1955-08-18 1957-08-05 Filtre à air agissant également comme silencieux d'admission utilisable sur les moteurs à combustion interne
US2848065A (en) * 1956-02-15 1958-08-19 Purolator Products Inc Air cleaner
GB849337A (en) * 1958-01-08 1960-09-28 Gen Motors Ltd Improvements in or relating to air intake silencers for internal combustion engines
GB1060852A (en) * 1963-06-05 1967-03-08 Coopers Mech Joints Improvements in or relating to air filters
FR1406243A (fr) * 1964-08-26 1965-07-16 Knecht Filterwerke Gmbh Mode de conformation et de disposition d'un filtre formant silencieux d'admission emboîtable sur le tube d'aspiration du carburateur d'un moteur à combustion interne
US4000786A (en) * 1975-11-03 1977-01-04 Vernay Laboratories, Inc. Marine muffler
DE2702160A1 (de) * 1977-01-20 1978-07-27 Volkswagenwerk Ag Ansaugsystem

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2534630A1 (fr) * 1982-10-21 1984-04-20 Volzh Ob Proizv Filtre a air pour moteur a combustion interne

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0012143B1 (de) 1981-11-25
DE2861390D1 (en) 1982-01-28

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