EP0011673B1 - Vorrichtung zum Beschicken von Verkokungsöfen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Beschicken von Verkokungsöfen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0011673B1
EP0011673B1 EP79102124A EP79102124A EP0011673B1 EP 0011673 B1 EP0011673 B1 EP 0011673B1 EP 79102124 A EP79102124 A EP 79102124A EP 79102124 A EP79102124 A EP 79102124A EP 0011673 B1 EP0011673 B1 EP 0011673B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loading
oven
hopper
coal
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79102124A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0011673A1 (de
Inventor
Aldo Rossello
Riccardo Bianco
Benvenuto Biggi
Tullio Bracco
Francesco Costa
Angelo Ghersi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ITALIANA COKE S.P.A.
Original Assignee
ITALIANA COKE SpA
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Publication date
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Application filed by ITALIANA COKE SpA filed Critical ITALIANA COKE SpA
Publication of EP0011673A1 publication Critical patent/EP0011673A1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B31/00—Charging devices
    • C10B31/02—Charging devices for charging vertically
    • C10B31/04—Charging devices for charging vertically coke ovens with horizontal chambers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B27/00—Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases
    • C10B27/04—Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases during the charging operation of the oven

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to apparatus for loading coke ovens.
  • the invention relates to apparatus which permits the loading of coke ovens with finely sub-divided coal having moisture content up to 15%, under extremely safe conditions with respect to ecological protection of the working environment.
  • coal loading apparatus comprising a series of hoppers, corresponding in number to the number of oven loading apertures, mounted on a carriage movable on rails is employed for loading the ovens.
  • the hoppers are aligned with the individual oven loading apertures, and after having removed the individual plug elements from the loading apertures, which may or may not be affected automatically, and having lowered a projection, with which each hopper is provided, in order to form a continuous path between each hopper and the associated oven, the coal is directly discharged, by gravity or any other suitable means, into the interior of the oven at a very high speed and in a continuous and even manner.
  • coal which is introduced rapidly into the hot oven causes displacement from the oven of an equivalent volume of hot air which, upon escaping, also entrains a certain quantity of coal dust.
  • the freshly introduced coal upon contacting the heated oven walls, immediately releases a large quantity of gas which in turn escapes from the oven loading apertures and expansion columns, thereby entraining a further amount of coal dust.
  • one process tested consists of creating a gas-tight seal between the loading hoppers and the oven loading apertures and, by means of suction devices, drawing nearly all of the gas evolved from the chamber through ducts, burning this gas and finally settling, by means of an atomized water jet, the fumes and ashes which are the products of this combustion.
  • the water treatment causes suspension of acid liquids to form due to the presence of sulphur dioxide in the discharging fumes; these aqueous acid suspensions cause corrosion of the structure of the plant with which they inevitably come into contant.
  • the disclosed apparatus comprises movably mounted hoppers, a loading funnel at the outlet end of each hopper having means to ensure a gas-tight seal between the hopper outlet and the loading aperture of a coke oven, and suction means for removing gas and dust evolved during loading of the oven.
  • This apparatus does not solve the problems concerning the atmospheric pollution.
  • the coal which is introduced rapidly into the hot oven causes a rapid displacement from the oven of an equivalent volume of gas and dust which leak from the so called "weak points" of all the other ovens of the gang which are in different distillation stages. This problem is particularly acute in the case of pre-existing ovens.
  • GB-A-163245 discloses a coke oven loading apparatus provided with a filling member comprising a stationary element "G” which is conical in form and a lower vertically adjustable element “GA” which is also conical in form and telescopes with element "G” so as to put into the hoppers a significant and substantial variation in the volume of coal to be filled.
  • the main disadvantages involved in loading coke ovens with this apparatus are the high atmospheric pollution and the bad working conditions due to the high escape of gases and dust during the loading operations. The same disadvantages occur by using the apparatuses disclosed in the U.S. Patent No.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide improved apparatus for loading coal into coke ovens, which permits the problem of atmospheric pollution to be solved, especially in the case of pre-existing ovens.
  • the apparatus comprising a plurality of movably mounted hoppers, a loading funnel at the outlet end of each hopper having means to ensure a gas-tight seal between the hopper outlet and the loading aperture of a coke oven, and suction means for removing gas and dust evolved during loading of the oven, characterized in that at the inlet end of each hopper there is provided a loading shutter element of frustoconical form and variable height for connecting the hopper inlet to a coal containing silo and controlling the amount of coal delivered to the hopper, in that the means ensuring a gas-tight seal comprise a coupling sealing ring and a closure ball valve and in that the suction means comprises a bridge collector tube connecting an opening in an adjacent oven which is maintained at low pressure by a fluid injecting device at the top of the riser column thereof.
  • the improved apparatus of the present invention is furthermore provided with a driving cab, located on the main floor of the support structure.
  • This driving cab preferably extends along the whole length of the apparatus, and is provided with a pressurisation system for preventing the entry of dust, and an air conditioning system.
  • the conveying of the evolved gases towards the riser column is facilitated by a low pressure condition in the upper part of the two ovens, and by their connection together by means of the bridge collector tube.
  • the aforesaid low pressure condition may be obtained by a fluid injecting device, which may utilize steam or squeous ammonia, the fluid injecting device being mounted at the top of the riser column.
  • the movable bridge collector tube for connection to the adjacent oven, comprises an inverted U-shape steel tube which is resistant to corrosion and to a temperature of 1200°C.
  • This bridge collector tube is further provided with an electromagnet for raising the cover of the associated opening in the oven.
  • bridge collector tube permits a greater equilibrium and a better distribution of the developed gas pressures during the oven loading to be obtained, and in addition it assures, in any case, the connection between the upper section of the oven and the low pressure duct as far as the said riser column.
  • the loading hoppers are made of stainless steel and have a frustoconical cross section, and preferably rest on rubber blocks in order to isolate the apparatus from possible vibrations produced by the vibrators.
  • Each loading hopper is provided with a loading shutter consisting of a frustoconical element which is able to fit over the opening in the silo containing the coal, the height of which may be adjusted as desired in dependence on the desired volume of coal to be loaded in the hopper.
  • This adaption operation is obtained by varying the vertical position of the lower base of the said frustoconical element.
  • the loading funnels are provided with couplings operative to permit them to fit the loading apertures perfectly, with a good tolerance margin in order to compensate for possible misalignments of these apertures.
  • the ball valve with which each loading funnel is provided serves to retain the coal within the hopper before it is loaded into the oven and to guarantee gas tightness of the seal against fumes whilst loading is taking place. The closure of this ball valve is controlled by coal level sensors in each hopper.
  • the improved apparatus of the present invention permits most of the atmospheric pollution problems, which occur during oven loading to be solved, as well as various problems connected to the working environment of the coke oven.
  • variable capacity hoppers for performing differential loading, and gradually withdrawing the emitted gases through the columns of two adjacent ovens, connected by the said bridging collector tube, permits the occurrence of excess pressure in the barrel to be eliminated, which excess pressures would deleteriously affect the other ovens of the gang by indirectly increasing the gas leaks through the so-called weak points such as doors, apertures, columns and so on.
  • gas emissions are, however, eliminated or at least reduced to the fact that all the loading operations are carried out without there being any need to move the apparatus and the tight closure between the oven and the loading hopper.
  • the apparatus permits the volumetric distribution of coal in the oven to be improved by differential loading, Moreover, the possibility of being able to clear the dust from the gas and dust mixture during the gas escape, permits the entrainment of coal dust by the gases to be reduced, and accordingly the quality of the tar produced is not deteriorated.
  • the improved apparatus for loading a gang of coke ovens consists of four movable carriages 1. Each of these latter is formed by a rocker element, connected to a support structure 2 by means of coil springs. Each said carriage 1 is provided with two wheels 3 and 3', of which one wheel is a freely rotatable one and the other is a driving wheel. This latter is driven by a variable speed motor provided with eddy current braking equipment and with a tachometric dynamo for synchronisation of the carriages 1.
  • the support structure 2 consists of a welded and bolted construction in the form of a portal. At the top of the said support structure 2 there is located a floor carrying the hoppers 4, the operating cab 5 and the housing 6 for the electrical equipment.
  • the hoppers 4, generally four in number, are preferably made of stainless steel, having frusto- conical cross-section, and each is provided, in the upper part thereof, with a loading shutter 7 for adjusting the amount of coal to obtain a coal charge, variable in weight and distribution, in the loading chamber.
  • Each loading shutter 7 consists of a frusto-conical element of variable height which can be positioned under an outlet 8 from the silo containing the coal, and which allows the useful volume within the hopper to be varied.
  • each said hopper 4 is communicated with corresponding loading funnel 9 which is vertically movable by hydrodynamic drive means.
  • Each funnel 9 is provided at one end thereof with a coupling sealing ring 10 which permits a perfect fit over the mouth of the loading aperture 11 to be obtained.
  • each funnel 9 there is provided a closure ball valve 12 for retaining the coal within the hopper before it is loaded into the oven, and for providing a seal against fumes whilst the loading operation is taking place.
  • the closure of this ball valve 12 is controlled by coal level sensors located in each hopper, which operate a suitable hydraulic device.
  • the loading apparatus of the invention is further provided with four devices 13 for raising the covers of the loading apertures 11, and with four devices 15 for cleaning and degraphitising the loading aperatures 11 before the coal loading operation.
  • the raising of the covers is effected by means of a magnetic plate 14 located at the end of each of the devices 13.
  • Each cleaning device 15 consists of an hydraulic cylinder which drives a suitable cleaning counterweight 15', preferably of the vibrating type.
  • the oven loading apparatus of the invention is provided with a bridging collector tube 16 of inverted U-shape, which permits connection of a suitable aperture 17, formed in the top of an oven, with another suitable aperture 18 formed in the top of the adjacent oven along the distillation path.
  • an electromagnetic device 19 which also has magnetic plates at the end thereof, like the devices 13.
  • the bridging collector tube 16 is made of special steel resistant against high temperatures (1200°C) and is positioned onto the associated apertures 17 and 18 by means of an automatic hydraulic drive.
  • the assembly for raising the tube 16, and the cover raising device 19 are displaceable inwardly of the apparatus.
  • the whole unit is longitudinally movable along a path corresponding to the length of the oven gang in order to permit it to be used with the end ovens of each gang.
  • the oven loading apparatus of the invention is further provided, on the same side as the riser column 20, with a device 21 for automatically cleaning the riser columns, consisting of a member 22 operative to vertically reciprocate a cleaning swab or brush 23.
  • the present oven loading apparatus is also provided with a drive system, emergency and safety systems, electric and hydraulic systems for automatically performing all the possible desired predetermined sequences of operations, and with a photoelectric cell system for centering the apparatus with respect to the loading aperture.
  • the present oven loading apparatus provides for varying the weight and volume of the coal in each hopper 4, and an automatic programming of a wide range of different operating sequences for dropping the coal into the loading aperture 11. Accordingly, depending on the inherent characteristics of each mixture, the present apparatus permits automatic loading of four apertures 11 to be performed simultaneously, one at a time, two at a time, or two separately and two together and so on.
  • the cab 5 extends the whole length of the apparatus and is provided with large windows having heat-proof glass, a pressurisa.ion system for preventing the ingress of dust, and an air conditioning system for the operator.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Einrichtung zur Beschickung von in parallelen Reihen angeordneten und mit Beschickungsöffnungen (11) versehenen Koksöfen, wobei die Einrichtung eine Vielzahl von beweglich angeordneten Füllbehältern (4), einen Beschickungstrichter (9) am Auslassende eines jeden Füllbehälters (4) mit Mitteln (10, 12) zur Gewährleistung einer gasdichten Abdichtung zwischen dem Füllbehälterauslass und der Beschickungsöffnung (11) eines Koksofens, und Saugmittel (16) zur Entfernung von sich während der Beschickung des Ofens entwickelndem Gas und Staub umfasst, dadurch qekennzeichnet, dass am Einlassende eines jeden Füllbehälters (4) ein Beschickungs Verschlusselement (7) mit Kegelstumpfform und variabler Höhe zur Verbindung des Füllbehältereinlasses mit einem Kohle enthaltenden Silo und zur Steuerung der zum Füllbehälter (4) zugeführten Kohlemenge vorgesehen ist, dass die eine gasdichte Abdichtung gewährleistenden Mittel einen Kupplungsdichtungsring (10) und ein Kugelverschlussventil (12) aufweisen und dass die Saugmittel ein Brückensammelrohr (16) aufweisen, das eine Öffnung (17) in dem zu beschickenden Ofen mit einer ähnlichen Öffnung (18) in einem benachbarten Ofen verbindet, der über eine Fluideinspritzvorrichtung am oberen Ende der Steigsäule (20) desselben auf geringem Druck gehalten ist.
2. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kugelverschlussventil (12) durch eine in jedem Füllbehälter (4) angeordnete, den Kohlenstand fühlende Sonde betätigt wird.
3. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Magnetplatte (14) zum Anheben des Ofendeckels fluchtend mit den Beschickungsbehältern (4) angeordnet ist.
4. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1-3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vibrierende Reinigungsvorrichtungen in Verbindung mit den Beschickungsmündungen (11) und der Steigsäule (20) angeordnet ist.
EP79102124A 1978-11-27 1979-06-26 Vorrichtung zum Beschicken von Verkokungsöfen Expired EP0011673B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT30223/78A IT1100766B (it) 1978-11-27 1978-11-27 Macchina perfezionata per la caricazione di forni a coke
IT3022378 1978-11-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0011673A1 EP0011673A1 (de) 1980-06-11
EP0011673B1 true EP0011673B1 (de) 1984-01-25

Family

ID=11229350

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79102124A Expired EP0011673B1 (de) 1978-11-27 1979-06-26 Vorrichtung zum Beschicken von Verkokungsöfen

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0011673B1 (de)
DE (1) DE2966576D1 (de)
DK (1) DK477079A (de)
ES (1) ES482536A1 (de)
IE (1) IE48906B1 (de)
IT (1) IT1100766B (de)
YU (1) YU178779A (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104910926B (zh) * 2015-06-23 2017-05-17 江苏永钢集团有限公司 焦炉初次装煤无烟化开工方法
CN108277026A (zh) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-13 鞍钢股份有限公司 一种停电时避免烧毁装煤车的方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB163245A (en) * 1920-09-22 1921-05-19 Louis Wilputte Improvements in or relating to coal larries for use more particularly in connection with coke ovens
US1855191A (en) * 1927-04-23 1932-04-26 Semet Solvay Eng Corp Method and means for distilling coal with recovery of the gaseous distillate
DE693043C (de) * 1938-02-20 1940-07-01 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Vorrichtung zum Auffangen der Fuellgase bei Beschickung von Kammeroefen zur Erzeugung von Gas und Koks
US3400052A (en) * 1964-08-27 1968-09-03 Allied Chem Coke oven standpipe and elbow cleaning apparatus
US3576263A (en) * 1968-03-05 1971-04-27 Still Fa Carl Extensible coal bunker construction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1100766B (it) 1985-09-28
ES482536A1 (es) 1980-02-16
IE791250L (en) 1980-05-27
DE2966576D1 (en) 1984-03-01
IT7830223A0 (it) 1978-11-27
YU178779A (en) 1983-01-21
EP0011673A1 (de) 1980-06-11
IE48906B1 (en) 1985-06-12
DK477079A (da) 1980-05-28

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