EP0011166B1 - Liquid, cold-stable detergent concentrate and its use - Google Patents

Liquid, cold-stable detergent concentrate and its use Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0011166B1
EP0011166B1 EP79104170A EP79104170A EP0011166B1 EP 0011166 B1 EP0011166 B1 EP 0011166B1 EP 79104170 A EP79104170 A EP 79104170A EP 79104170 A EP79104170 A EP 79104170A EP 0011166 B1 EP0011166 B1 EP 0011166B1
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weight
concentrate
carbon atoms
acid
potassium
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0011166A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Bechstedt
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
    • C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
    • C11D3/201—Monohydric alcohols linear
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/40—Dyes ; Pigments
    • C11D3/42—Brightening agents ; Blueing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

  • the subject of DE-OS 2 609 752 is a clear, cold-resistant detergent concentrate with a solids content of up to 55% by weight, containing 8 to 18% by weight of a potassium fatty acid soap, which is different from Derives fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms and consists predominantly of oleic acid, 10 to 25 wt .-% of ethoxylated alcohols with 8 to 12 carbon atoms and an average of 5 to 10 ethylene glycol ether groups and 4 to 10 wt .-% sodium alkylbenzenesulfonates with 10 to 14 carbon atoms in the Alkyl group, also optical brighteners and conventional solubilizers or water-miscible solvents.
  • Means of this type are primarily intended for use in large laundry companies with automatically operated washing, drying and ironing machines, in which the individual work cycles overlap.
  • the composition of a detergent suitable for this must be coordinated in such a way that there are no disturbances affecting the functioning of the machine or interrupting the work cycle. It has now been shown in certain modern washing machines that when using conventional detergents and to a certain - but to a lesser extent - even when using the agents according to DE-OS 2 609 752, the loading and unloading flaps running in grooves no longer have the necessary ease of movement and therefore no longer open and close according to the clock. Problems with spinning and hot ironing can also occur. For example, compacted laundry in self-centrifuging washing machines can only be detached from the drum wall with additional force, or problems can arise during transport and smoothing of the laundry on the mangling line.
  • the potassium soaps listed under A) are derived from fatty acids of natural or synthetic origin, which consist of 60 to 100% by weight, preferably 65 to 95% by weight, of lauric acid, myristic acid or oleic acid. Mixtures of lauric acid and myristic acid should consist of at least half, preferably at least two thirds, of lauric acid.
  • polyunsaturated fatty acids for example linoleic acid, can also be present in the fatty acids in proportions of 0 to 25, preferably 0.1 to 15% by weight.
  • the proportion of saturated fatty acids with 16 to 18 carbon atoms is 0 to at most 20, preferably 1 to 15% by weight, the proportion of stearic acid expediently not to exceed 5% by weight and in particular 3% by weight.
  • Suitable fatty acid mixtures have, for example, the following composition (in% by weight):
  • composition II Agents based on composition II are particularly preferred.
  • the ethoxylated alcohols listed under B) are derived from native or synthetic alcohols, in particular oxo alcohols having 8 to 14, preferably 9 to 12, carbon atoms.
  • the oxo alcohols can be linearly branched or methyl-branched in the 2-position. Mixtures of native alcohols and alcohols obtained by oxo reaction are also suitable.
  • the number of ethylene glycol ether groups is on average 5 to 10, preferably 6 to 8.
  • the proportion of ethoxylated alcohols in the liquid concentrates should be 5 to 9, preferably 6 to 8% by weight.
  • Component C) consists of linear sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, in particular dodecylbenzenesulfonate, in proportions of 4 to 10, preferably 6 to 8,% by weight.
  • Optical brighteners of the formula F are preferably used, in which R 1 and R 2 represent morpholino, diethanolamino or anilino residues.
  • the optical brighteners are in proportions of 0.05 to 1, preferably from 0.1 to 0.7% by weight.
  • Component D) serves to make the solution or the wash liquor alkaline.
  • the amount of potassium hydroxide is preferably such that it exceeds the stoichiometric amount required to form the potassium fatty acid soaps by 10 to 50 mol percent, in particular by 20 to 35 mol percent.
  • the triethanolamine (component F) improves the cold resistance of the concentrates and is present in amounts of up to 6% by weight, preferably 2 to 5% by weight.
  • Component G) consists of aliphatic C 3 -C 3 alcohols, ie methanol, ethanol, propanol and in particular isopropanol, and of the mixtures of the alcohols mentioned.
  • the content of these alcohols in the compositions is preferably 12 to 18% by weight.
  • Agents with fractions of less than 12% of the alcohols mentioned can also contain hydrotropic ether alcohols derived from C 1 -C 4 monoalcohols or ethylene glycol or propylene glycol or diglycols, or hydrotropic alkylbenzenesulfonates with short alkyl chains.
  • Suitable are, for example, the monomethyl, monoethyl, monopropyl, monoisopropyl or monobutyl ether of ethylene glycol and, from the group of the alkylbenzenesulfonates, the toluenesulfonate, ethylbenzenesulfonate, cumene sulfonate and xylene sulfonate in the form of the potassium or preferably sodium salts.
  • the proportion of these solution-improving substances can be up to 5 ° / o.
  • the water content of the detergent concentrate should not fall below 30% by weight. There are no limits in the direction of more dilution, but it is advisable not to exceed a water content of 55% in order to save on packaging and transport volume. In general, a water content of 30 to 50% by weight is sufficient to achieve optimal results, i.e. Such concentrates remain clear, even when stored for several weeks at a temperature of -10 ° C. and do not tend to solidify, gel or separate under such extreme conditions.
  • additives may also include biocides, fragrances, dyes, stabilizers, sequestering agents, neutral salts and optical brighteners of other constitution, but the proportion of such additives should not total 10% by weight. exceed and preferably less than 5 wt .-%, in particular less than 2 wt .-%, so that a negative impact on the cold stability is avoided.
  • the laundry detergents according to the invention are used in an amount of 3 to 10 g per kg of dry laundry, preferably using softened water. They are suitable as pre or main detergents for textiles of all kinds, e.g. those made of cellulose, synthetic and semi-synthetic fibers. Preferred areas of application are fully automatic washing, drying and ironing devices, as are customary in large commercial laundries.
  • the agents can be added as washing-strengthening additives to washing liquors of conventional composition, ie those which, in addition to surfactants, also contain, for example, washing alkalis, phosphates, sequestering agents, bleaching agents and anti-graying substances.
  • a liquid washing alkali concentrate which is particularly suitable for use in large automatic washing systems and with which the agent according to the invention can be combined when used has the following composition:
  • the potassium soaps used in the recipes still had the following fatty acid composition (in% by weight):
  • Component B An oxo alcohol of chain length C, -C " with 7 ethylene glycol ether groups was used as the ethoxylated alcohol (component B).
  • Component C consisted of linear Na dodecyl benzenesulfonate.
  • the sodium salt of the compound of the formula I in which R 1 and R 2 were morpholino radicals was used as the optical brightener (component D).
  • Component G consisted of isopropanol.
  • the component “salts” means small amounts of Na 2 SO 4 and NaCI which were present as accompanying substances of the alkylbenzenesulfonate and the optical brightener.
  • the composition is shown in Table 2.
  • the soap including the excess potassium hydroxide solution in the form of a 65% aqueous paste with the ethoxylate and. the alkylbenzenesulfonate, which was in the form of a 50% strength aqueous solution, mixed with one another, the optical brightener dissolved in isopropanol was then stirred in and finally triethanolamine and water were added to the stated amount.
  • the concentrates were in the form of yellowish, clear solutions which had a low viscosity at room temperature and which remained clear and homogeneous when stored for three weeks in a climatic cabinet at -10 ° C and + 50 ° C. A multiple temperature change between + 50 ° and -10 ° C also did not change the appearance and behavior of the samples.
  • the concentrates were miscible with water in all proportions.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

A clear, cold-stable liquid washing agent concentrate consisting essentially of: (A) from 22.5% to 35% by weight of a potassium soap of fatty acids having 12 to 18 carbon atoms and a melting point of below 55 DEG C., (B) from 5% to 9% by weight of an ethoxylated primary alcohol having 5 to 10 oxyethylene units, (C) from 4% to 10% by weight of a sodium C10-C14 alkylbenzenesulfonate, (D) from 0.05% to 1% by weight of at least one optical brightener, (E) from 0.1% to 5% by weight of potassium hydroxide. (F) from 0 to 6% by weight of triethanolamine, (G) from 8% to 20% by weight of at least one C1-3 alcohol, and (H) the remainder up to 100% of water, wherein the amount of water is at least 30% by weight and the concentration of the total of components (A) to (E) does not exceed 50% by weight of the concentrate. The washing agent concentrate can be employed in all type of washings of textiles in soft or hard waters, preferably in amounts of from 3 to 10 gm per kg of dry wash.

Description

Bekanntlich bereitet es erhebliche Schwierigkeiten, klare wässrige Waschmittelkonzentrate herzustellen, die sich bei niedrigen Temperaturen, insbesondere unterhalb des Gefrierpunktes bis -10°C nicht entmischen bzw. verfestigen. Dies gilt insbesondere für seifenhaltige Konzentrate mit einem Wirkstoffgehalt von 50 und mehr Gew.-%. Zusätzliche Schwierigkeiten können auftreten, wenn derartige Mittel optische Aufheller enthalten. Durch niedrige Temperaturen bzw. Gefrieren der Lösungen verursachte Phasentrennungen bzw. Ausfällungen lassen sich vielfach auch nach dem Wiedererwärmen nicht mehr rückgängig machen. Durch stärkeres Verdünnen der Lösungen bzw. Anwendung grösserer Mengen organischer Lösungsmittel kann man zwar derartigen Schwierigkeiten begegnen, jedoch erfordern verdünnte Lösungen ein höheres Verpackungs- und Transportvolumen, während grosse Mengen organischer Lösungsmittel wegen der damit verbundenen höheren Kosten sowie der leichteren Brennbarkeit Probleme aufwerfen.It is known that there are considerable difficulties in producing clear aqueous detergent concentrates which do not separate or solidify at low temperatures, in particular below freezing point down to -10 ° C. This applies in particular to soap-containing concentrates with an active substance content of 50% or more by weight. Additional difficulties can arise if such agents contain optical brighteners. Phase separations or precipitations caused by low temperatures or freezing of the solutions can often not be reversed even after reheating. Such difficulties can be met by diluting the solutions more or using larger amounts of organic solvents, but diluted solutions require a higher packaging and transport volume, while large amounts of organic solvents pose problems because of the associated higher costs and the easier flammability.

Gegenstand der DE-OS 2 609 752, durch welche diese Probleme im wesentlichen gelöst werden, ist ein klarflüssiges, kältebeständiges Waschmittelkonzentrat mit einem Feststoffgehalt bis 55 Gew.-%, enthaltend 8 bis 18 Gew.-0/o einer Kaliumfettsäureseife, die sich von Fettsäuren mit 12 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen ableitet und überwiegend aus ölsäure besteht, 10 bis 25 Gew.-% an ethoxylierten Alkoholen mit 8 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen und durchschnittlich 5 bis 10 Ethylenglycolethergruppen sowie 4 bis 10 Gew.-% Natriumalkylbenzolsulfonaten mit 10 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Alkylgruppe, ferner optische Aufheller und übliche Lösungsvermittler bzw. mit Wasser mischbare Lösungsmittel.The subject of DE-OS 2 609 752, by means of which these problems are essentially solved, is a clear, cold-resistant detergent concentrate with a solids content of up to 55% by weight, containing 8 to 18% by weight of a potassium fatty acid soap, which is different from Derives fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms and consists predominantly of oleic acid, 10 to 25 wt .-% of ethoxylated alcohols with 8 to 12 carbon atoms and an average of 5 to 10 ethylene glycol ether groups and 4 to 10 wt .-% sodium alkylbenzenesulfonates with 10 to 14 carbon atoms in the Alkyl group, also optical brighteners and conventional solubilizers or water-miscible solvents.

Mittel dieser Art sind in erster Linie zum Einsatz in Grosswäschereibetrieben mit automatisch betriebenen Wasch-, Trocken- und Bügelmaschinen bestimmt, bei denen die einzelnen Arbeitstakte ineinander übergreifen. Die Zusammensetzung eines hierfür geeigneten Waschmittels muss so abgestimmt sein, dass keine die Funktion der Maschinen beeinträchtigende bzw. den Arbeitstakt unterbrechende Störungen eintreten. An bestimmten neuzeitlichen Waschautomaten hat sich nun gezeigt, dass bei Einsatz üblicher Waschmittel und in gewissem - allerdings geringerem - Masse auch bei Einsatz der Mittel gemäss DE-OS 2 609 752 die in Nuten laufenden Beschickungs- bzw. Entladungsklappen nicht mehr die notwendige Leichtgängigkeit aufweisen und daher nicht mehr taktgerecht öffnen und schliessen. Weiterhin kann es zu Problemen beim Schleudern und Heissmangeln kommen. Beispielsweise lässt sich in selbstzentrifugierenden Waschmaschinen kompaktierte Wäsche nur mit zusätzlichem Kraftaufwand von der Trommelwandung ablösen bzw. auf der Mangelstrasse kann es zu Problemen beim Transport und Glätten der Wäsche kommen.Means of this type are primarily intended for use in large laundry companies with automatically operated washing, drying and ironing machines, in which the individual work cycles overlap. The composition of a detergent suitable for this must be coordinated in such a way that there are no disturbances affecting the functioning of the machine or interrupting the work cycle. It has now been shown in certain modern washing machines that when using conventional detergents and to a certain - but to a lesser extent - even when using the agents according to DE-OS 2 609 752, the loading and unloading flaps running in grooves no longer have the necessary ease of movement and therefore no longer open and close according to the clock. Problems with spinning and hot ironing can also occur. For example, compacted laundry in self-centrifuging washing machines can only be detached from the drum wall with additional force, or problems can arise during transport and smoothing of the laundry on the mangling line.

Es bestand nun die Aufgabe, diese zum Teil konstruktiv bedingten Probleme durch eine Änderung der Waschmittelrezeptur zu lösen, ohne auf die übrigen vorteilhaften Eigenschaften der Mittel, nämlich Klarlöslichkeit, Homogenität und Lagerbeständigkeit im Temperaturbereich zwischen -10° und +40°C und daraus resultierende einwandfreie Pump-, Giess- und Dosierfähigkeiten zu verzichten. Diese Aufgabenstellung wird durch die vorliegende Erfindung gelöst.It was now the task of solving these partly constructive problems by changing the detergent formulation, without affecting the other advantageous properties of the agents, namely clear solubility, homogeneity and storage stability in the temperature range between -10 ° and + 40 ° C and the resulting flawless results To dispense with pumping, pouring and dosing capabilities. This problem is solved by the present invention.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein klarflüssiges, wässrige Waschmittelkonzentrat mit hoher Kältebeständigkeit, gekennzeichnet durch einen Gehalt an

  • A) 22,5 bis 35 Gew.-% einer Kaliumfettsäureseife, die sich von Fettsäuren mit 12 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen ableitet und zu 60 bis 100 Gew.-% aus gesättigten Fettsäuren mit 12 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen und/oder Ölsäure besteht,
  • B) 5 bis 9 Gew.-% eines ethoxylierten primären linearen bzw. in 2-Stellung methylverzweigten Alkohols mit 8 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen und durchschnittlich 5 bis 10 Ethylenglycolethergruppen,
  • C) 4 bis 10 Gew.-% eines Natriumalkylbenzolsulfonats mit linearen, 10 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen aufweisenden Alkylketten,
  • D) 0,05 bis 1 Gew.-% mindestens eines optischen Aufhellers aus der Klasse der substituierten Stilbensulfonsäuren in Form des Na-oder K-Salzes,
  • E) 0,1 bis 5 Gew.-% Kaliumhydroxid,
  • F) 0 bis 6 Gew.-% Triethanolamin,
  • G) 8 bis 20 Gew.-% eines Alkohols mit 1 bzw. 3 Kohlenstoffatomen,

wobei die Konzentration der unter A) bis E) genannten Stoffe insgesamt 50 Gew.% nicht übersteigt.The invention relates to a clear, aqueous detergent concentrate with high low temperature resistance, characterized by a content of
  • A) 22.5 to 35% by weight of a potassium fatty acid soap which is derived from fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms and 60 to 100% by weight consists of saturated fatty acids with 12 to 14 carbon atoms and / or oleic acid,
  • B) 5 to 9% by weight of an ethoxylated primary linear or methyl-branched alcohol in the 2-position with 8 to 14 carbon atoms and an average of 5 to 10 ethylene glycol ether groups,
  • C) 4 to 10% by weight of a sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate with linear alkyl chains having 10 to 14 carbon atoms,
  • D) 0.05 to 1% by weight of at least one optical brightener from the class of the substituted stilbene sulfonic acids in the form of the Na or K salt,
  • E) 0.1 to 5% by weight of potassium hydroxide,
  • F) 0 to 6% by weight of triethanolamine,
  • G) 8 to 20% by weight of an alcohol with 1 or 3 carbon atoms,

the concentration of the substances mentioned under A) to E) does not exceed a total of 50% by weight.

Die unter A) aufgeführten Kaliumseifen leiten sich von Fettsäuren natürlichen oder synthetischen Ursprungs ab, die zu 60 bis 100 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 65 bis 95 Gew.-% aus Laurinsäure, Myristinsäure oder Ölsäure bestehen. Gemische aus Laurinsäure und Myristinsäure sollen mindestens zur Hälfte, vorzugsweise mindestens zu zwei Dritteln aus Laurinsäure bestehen. Ausser den genannten Säuren können auch mehrfach ungesättigte Fettsäuren, z.B. Linolsäure, in Anteilen von 0 bis 25, vorzugsweise von 0,1 bis 15 Gew.-% in den Fettsäuren enthalten sein. Der Anteil der gesättigten Fettsäuren mit 16 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen beträgt 0 bis höchstens 20, vorzugsweise 1 bis 15 Gew.-%, wobei zweckmässigerweise der Anteil der Stearinsäure 5 Gew.-% und insbesondere 3 Gew.-% nicht überschreiten soll. Geeignete Fettsäuregemische weisen beispielsweise die folgende Zusammensetzung auf (in Gew.-%):

Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002
Figure imgb0003
 The potassium soaps listed under A) are derived from fatty acids of natural or synthetic origin, which consist of 60 to 100% by weight, preferably 65 to 95% by weight, of lauric acid, myristic acid or oleic acid. Mixtures of lauric acid and myristic acid should consist of at least half, preferably at least two thirds, of lauric acid. In addition to the acids mentioned, polyunsaturated fatty acids, for example linoleic acid, can also be present in the fatty acids in proportions of 0 to 25, preferably 0.1 to 15% by weight. The proportion of saturated fatty acids with 16 to 18 carbon atoms is 0 to at most 20, preferably 1 to 15% by weight, the proportion of stearic acid expediently not to exceed 5% by weight and in particular 3% by weight. Suitable fatty acid mixtures have, for example, the following composition (in% by weight):
Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002
Figure imgb0003

Besonders bevorzugt sind Mittel auf der Grundlage der Zusammensetzung II.Agents based on composition II are particularly preferred.

Die unter B) aufgeführten ethoxylierten Alkohole leiten sich von nativen oder synthetischen Alkoholen, insbesondere Oxoalkoholen mit 8 bis 14, vorzugsweise 9 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen ab. Die Oxoalkohole können sowohl linear als auch in 2-Stellung methylverzweigt sein. Auch Gemische von nativen und durch Oxoreaktion erhaltenen Alkoholen sind geeignet. Die Zahl der Ethylenglycolethergruppen beträgt im Durchschnitt 5 bis 10, vorzugsweise 6 bis 8. Der Anteil der ethoxylierten Alkohole in den flüssigen Konzentraten soll 5 bis 9, vorzugsweise 6 bis 8 Gew.-% betragen.The ethoxylated alcohols listed under B) are derived from native or synthetic alcohols, in particular oxo alcohols having 8 to 14, preferably 9 to 12, carbon atoms. The oxo alcohols can be linearly branched or methyl-branched in the 2-position. Mixtures of native alcohols and alcohols obtained by oxo reaction are also suitable. The number of ethylene glycol ether groups is on average 5 to 10, preferably 6 to 8. The proportion of ethoxylated alcohols in the liquid concentrates should be 5 to 9, preferably 6 to 8% by weight.

Die Komponente C) besteht aus linearem Natriumalkylbenzolsulfonat, insbesondere Dodecylbenzolsulfonat, in Anteilen von 4 bis 10, vorzugsweise 6 bis 8 Gew.-%.Component C) consists of linear sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, in particular dodecylbenzenesulfonate, in proportions of 4 to 10, preferably 6 to 8,% by weight.

Die unter D) aufgeführten optischen Aufheller leiten sich ab von Verbindungen der Formeln

Figure imgb0004
Figure imgb0005
worin die einzelnen Symbole die folgende Bedeutung haben:

  • Me = Na, K
  • R1, R2 = -NHCH3, -NCH3(CH2CH2OH), -N(CH2CH2OH)2
    Figure imgb0006
  • R3, R4 = H, -CH3, -CI, -OCH3, -COOCH3, -CN, -SO2NR5R6, -CONR5R6 mit R5 und R6 = H oder Alkylreste mit 1 bis 3 Kohlenstoffatomen.
The optical brighteners listed under D) are derived from compounds of the formulas
Figure imgb0004
Figure imgb0005
 where the individual symbols have the following meaning:
  • Me = Na, K
  • R 1 , R 2 = -NHCH 3 , -NCH 3 (CH 2 CH 2 OH), -N (CH 2 CH 2 OH) 2
    Figure imgb0006
  • R 3 , R 4 = H, -CH 3 , -CI, -OCH 3 , -COOCH 3 , -CN, -SO 2 NR 5 R 6 , -CONR 5 R 6 with R 5 and R 6 = H or alkyl radicals with 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

Bevorzugt werden optische Aufheller der Formel F verwendet, in der R1 und R2 Morpholino-, Diethanolamino- oder Anilinoreste darstellen. Die optischen Aufheller liegen in Anteilen von 0,05 bis 1, vorzugsweise von 0,1 bis 0,7 Gew.-% vor.Optical brighteners of the formula F are preferably used, in which R 1 and R 2 represent morpholino, diethanolamino or anilino residues. The optical brighteners are in proportions of 0.05 to 1, preferably from 0.1 to 0.7% by weight.

Die Komponente D) dient dazu, die Lösung bzw. die Waschlauge alkalisch zu stellen. Vorzugsweise ist die Menge des Kaliumhydroxids so bemessen, dass sie die zur Bildung der Kaliumfettsäureseifen benötigten stöchiometrischen Menge um 10 bis 50 Mol-Prozent, insbesondere um 20 bis 35 Mol-Prozent übersteigt.Component D) serves to make the solution or the wash liquor alkaline. The amount of potassium hydroxide is preferably such that it exceeds the stoichiometric amount required to form the potassium fatty acid soaps by 10 to 50 mol percent, in particular by 20 to 35 mol percent.

Das Triethanolamin (Komponente F) verbessert die Kältebeständigkeit der Konzentrate und ist in Mengen bis zu 6 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 2 bis 5 Gew.-% anwesend.The triethanolamine (component F) improves the cold resistance of the concentrates and is present in amounts of up to 6% by weight, preferably 2 to 5% by weight.

Die Komponente G) besteht aus aliphatischen C,-C3-Alkoholen, d.h. Methanol, Ethanol, Propanol und insbesondere Isopropanol sowie aus den Gemischen der genannten Alkohole. Bevorzugt beträgt der Gehalt der Mittel an diesen Alkoholen 12 bis 18 Gew.-%. Mittel mit Anteilen von weniger als 12% der genannten Alkohole können auch hydrotrop wirkende Etheralkohole, die sich von C1-C4-Monoalkoholen bzw. Ethylenglycol oder Propylenglycol bzw. Diglycolen ableiten, oder hydrotrop wirkende Alkylbenzolsulfonate mit kurzen Alkylketten enthalten. Geeignet sind z.B. die Monomethyl-, Monoethyl-, Monopropyl-, Monoisopropyl- oder Monobutylether des Ethylenglycols sowie aus der Gruppe der Alkylbenzolsulfonate das Toluolsulfonat, Ethylbenzolsulfonat, Cumolsulfonat und Xylolsulfonat in Form der Kalium- bzw. vorzugsweise Natriumsalze. Der Anteil dieser lösungsverbessernden Stoffe kann bis zu 5°/o betragen.Component G) consists of aliphatic C 3 -C 3 alcohols, ie methanol, ethanol, propanol and in particular isopropanol, and of the mixtures of the alcohols mentioned. The content of these alcohols in the compositions is preferably 12 to 18% by weight. Agents with fractions of less than 12% of the alcohols mentioned can also contain hydrotropic ether alcohols derived from C 1 -C 4 monoalcohols or ethylene glycol or propylene glycol or diglycols, or hydrotropic alkylbenzenesulfonates with short alkyl chains. Suitable are, for example, the monomethyl, monoethyl, monopropyl, monoisopropyl or monobutyl ether of ethylene glycol and, from the group of the alkylbenzenesulfonates, the toluenesulfonate, ethylbenzenesulfonate, cumene sulfonate and xylene sulfonate in the form of the potassium or preferably sodium salts. The proportion of these solution-improving substances can be up to 5 ° / o.

Der Wassergehalt des Waschmittelkonzentrates soll 30 Gew.-% nicht unterschreiten. In Richtung einer stärkeren Verdünnung sind keine Grenzen gesetzt, jedoch empfiehlt es sich, im Sinne einer Einsparung an Verpackungs- und Transportvolumen einen Wassergehalt von 55% nicht zu überschreiten. Im allgemeinen reicht ein Wassergehalt von 30 bis 50 Gew.-% zur Erzielung optimaler Ergebnisse aus, d.h. solche Konzentrate bleiben auch bei mehrwöchiger Lagerung bei einer Temperatur von -10°C klarflüssig und neigen unter derartigen extremen Bedingungen nicht zum Erstarren, Gelieren oder Entmischen.The water content of the detergent concentrate should not fall below 30% by weight. There are no limits in the direction of more dilution, but it is advisable not to exceed a water content of 55% in order to save on packaging and transport volume. In general, a water content of 30 to 50% by weight is sufficient to achieve optimal results, i.e. Such concentrates remain clear, even when stored for several weeks at a temperature of -10 ° C. and do not tend to solidify, gel or separate under such extreme conditions.

An weiteren Zusatzstoffen können noch Biocide, Duftstoffe, Farbstoffe, Stabilisierungsmittel, Sequestrierungsmittel, Neutralsalze und optische Aufheller anderer Konstitution anwesend sein, jedoch soll der Anteil an derartigen Zusatzstoffen insgesamt 10 Gew.-% nicht. überschreiten und vorzugsweise weniger als 5 Gew.-%, insbesondere weniger als 2 Gew.-% betragen, damit ein negativer Einfluss auf die Kältestabilität vermieden wird.Other additives may also include biocides, fragrances, dyes, stabilizers, sequestering agents, neutral salts and optical brighteners of other constitution, but the proportion of such additives should not total 10% by weight. exceed and preferably less than 5 wt .-%, in particular less than 2 wt .-%, so that a negative impact on the cold stability is avoided.

Die erfindungsgemässen Wäschmittel werden in einer Menge von 3 bis 10 g pro kg Trockenwäsche angewendet, vorzugsweise unter Verwendung von enthärtetem Wasser. Sie eignen sich als Vor- oder Hauptwaschmittel für Textilien aller Art, z.B. solchen aus Cellulose-, Synthese- und halbsynthetischen Fasern. Bevorzugtes Einsatzgebiet sind vollautomatisch betriebene Wasch-, Trocken- und Bügelvorrichtungen, wie sie in gewerblich betriebenen Grosswäschereien üblich sind.The laundry detergents according to the invention are used in an amount of 3 to 10 g per kg of dry laundry, preferably using softened water. They are suitable as pre or main detergents for textiles of all kinds, e.g. those made of cellulose, synthetic and semi-synthetic fibers. Preferred areas of application are fully automatic washing, drying and ironing devices, as are customary in large commercial laundries.

In einer weiteren Anwendungsform können die Mittel als waschkraftverstärkende Zusätze zu Waschlaugen üblicher Zusammensetzung, d.h. solchen, die neben Tensiden z.B. noch Waschalkalien, Phosphate, Sequestrierungsmittel, Bleichmittel und vergrauungsverhütende Stoffe enthalten, hinzugesetzt werden. Ein für die Verwendung in automatischen Grosswaschanlagen besonders geeignetes flüssiges Waschalkalikonzentrat, mit dem das erfindungsgemässe Mittel bei der Anwendung kombiniert werden kann, weist die folgende Zusammensetzung auf:

Figure imgb0007
In a further form of application, the agents can be added as washing-strengthening additives to washing liquors of conventional composition, ie those which, in addition to surfactants, also contain, for example, washing alkalis, phosphates, sequestering agents, bleaching agents and anti-graying substances. A liquid washing alkali concentrate which is particularly suitable for use in large automatic washing systems and with which the agent according to the invention can be combined when used has the following composition:
Figure imgb0007

Es handelt sich ebenfalls um eine klare, kältestabile und leicht dosierbare Lösung. Auf 1 Gewichtsteil des erfindungsgemässen flüssigen Waschmittelkonzentrats werden 1 bis 4 Gewichtsteile des vorstehenden Waschalkalikonzentrates angewendet. Diese Mischungen bewähren sich insbesondere beim Waschen stark verschmutzter Berufswäsche.It is also a clear, cold stable and easy to dose solution. 1 to 4 parts by weight of the above washing alkali concentrate are applied to 1 part by weight of the liquid detergent concentrate according to the invention. These blends are particularly useful when washing heavily soiled workwear.

BeispieleExamples

Die in den Rezepturen verwendeten Kaliumseifen wiesen die noch folgende Fettsäurezusammensetzung (in Gew.-%) auf:

Figure imgb0008
The potassium soaps used in the recipes still had the following fatty acid composition (in% by weight):
Figure imgb0008

Als ethoxylierter Alkohol (Komponente B) wurde ein Oxoalkohol der Kettenlänge C,-C" mit 7 Ethylenglycolethergruppen verwendet. Die Komponente C bestand aus linearem Na-Dodecylbenzolsulfonat. Als optischer Aufheller (Komponente D) wurde das Natriumsalz der Verbindung gemäss Formel I verwendet, worin R, und R2 Morpholinoreste bedeuteten. Die Komponente G bestand aus Isopropanol. Unter dem Bestandteil «Salze» werden geringe Mengen an Na2SO4 und NaCI verstanden, die als Begleitstoffe des Alkylbenzolsulfonats und des optischen Aufhellers vorlagen. Die Zusammensetzung ist der Tabelle 2 zu entnehmen.

Figure imgb0009
An oxo alcohol of chain length C, -C " with 7 ethylene glycol ether groups was used as the ethoxylated alcohol (component B). Component C consisted of linear Na dodecyl benzenesulfonate. The sodium salt of the compound of the formula I in which R 1 and R 2 were morpholino radicals was used as the optical brightener (component D). Component G consisted of isopropanol. The component “salts” means small amounts of Na 2 SO 4 and NaCI which were present as accompanying substances of the alkylbenzenesulfonate and the optical brightener. The composition is shown in Table 2.
Figure imgb0009

Zwecks Herstellung der Mittel wurden zunächst die Seife einschliesslich der überschüssigen Kalilauge in Form einer 65%igen wässrigen Paste mit dem Ethoxylat und. dem Alkylbenzolsulfonat, das als 50%ige wässrige Lösung vorlag, miteinander vermischt, darauf der in lsopropanol gelöste optische Aufheller eingerührt und abschliessend Triethanolamin und Wasser bis zur angegebenen Menge zugefügt.For the preparation of the agents, the soap including the excess potassium hydroxide solution in the form of a 65% aqueous paste with the ethoxylate and. the alkylbenzenesulfonate, which was in the form of a 50% strength aqueous solution, mixed with one another, the optical brightener dissolved in isopropanol was then stirred in and finally triethanolamine and water were added to the stated amount.

Die Konzentrate lagen als gelblich gefärbte, klare, bei Raumtemperatur dünnflüssige Lösungen vor, die bei dreiwöchiger Lagerung im Klimaschrank bei -10°C und +50°C klar und homogen blieben. Ein mehrfacher Temperaturwechsel zwischen +50° und -10°C veränderte das Aussehen und Verhalten der Proben ebenfalls nicht. Die Konzentrate waren in jedem Verhältnis mit Wasser mischbar.The concentrates were in the form of yellowish, clear solutions which had a low viscosity at room temperature and which remained clear and homogeneous when stored for three weeks in a climatic cabinet at -10 ° C and + 50 ° C. A multiple temperature change between + 50 ° and -10 ° C also did not change the appearance and behavior of the samples. The concentrates were miscible with water in all proportions.

Claims (11)

1. A clear, liquid aqueous detergent concentrate having high resistance to low temperatures, characterised by a content of
A) from 22.5 to 35% by weight of a potassium fatty acid soap which is derived from fatty acids containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms and of which from 60 to 100% by weight consists of saturated fatty acids containing from 12 to 14 carbon atoms and/or oleic acid,
B) from 5 to 9% by weight of an ethoxylated primary linear or branched (by methyl in the 2-position) alcohol containing from 8 to 14 carbon atoms and an average of from 5 to 10 ethylene glycol ether groups,
C) from 4 to 10% by weight of a sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate with linear C10-C14-alkyl chains,
D) from 0.05 to 1% by weight of at least one optical brightenere from the class of substituted stilbene sulfonic acids in the form of the Na- or K-salt,
E) from 0.1 to 5% by weight of potassium hydroxide,
F) from 0 to 6% by weight of triethanolamine,
G) from 8 to 20% by weight of an alcohol containing 1 or 3 carbon atoms,

the concentration of substances A) to E) not exceeding a total of 50% by weight.
2. A concentrate as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that 65 to 95% by weight of the fatty acid contained in the potassium soap consists of oleic acid, the fatty acid containing no more than 3% by weight of stearic acid.
3. A concentrate as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that from 75 to 95% by weight of the fatty acid contained in the potassium soap consists of a mixture of lauric acid and myristic acid of which at least half and preferably at least two thirds consists of lauric acid.
4. A concentrate as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the ethoxylated alcohols contain from 9 to 12 carbon atoms and from 6 to 8 ethylene glycol ether groups.
5. A concentrate as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the alkyl benzene sulfonate is present in the form of Na-dodecyl benzene sulfonate in proportions of from 6 to 8% by weight.
6. A concentrate as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the optical brighteners consist of compounds corresponding to the following formulae:
Figure imgb0013
Figure imgb0014
in which the individual symbols have the following meanings:
Me = Na, K
R1, R2 = -NHCH3, -NCH3(CH2CH2OH), -N(CH2CH2OH)2
Figure imgb0015
R3, R4 = H, -CH3, -Cl, -OCH3, -COOCH3, -CN, -SO2NR5R6, -CONR5R6 in which R5 and R6 = H or C1-3-alkyl radicals.
7. A concentrate as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that the radicals R1 and R2 are morpholino-, diethanolamino- or anilino-radicals.
8. A concentrate as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the triethanolamine F) is present in a proportion of from 2 to 5% by weight.
9. A concentrate as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the alcohols G) are present in proportions of from 12 to 18% by weight.
10. A concentrate as claimed in claim 9, characterised in that the alcohol consists of isopropanol.
11. The use of the concentrate claimed in claims 1 to 10 as a detergent in automatic washing machines using softened water.
EP79104170A 1978-11-02 1979-10-29 Liquid, cold-stable detergent concentrate and its use Expired EP0011166B1 (en)

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AT79104170T ATE975T1 (en) 1978-11-02 1979-10-29 LIQUID, COLD-RESISTANT DETERGENT CONCENTRATE AND ITS USE.

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DE19782847438 DE2847438A1 (en) 1978-11-02 1978-11-02 LIQUID, REFRIGERABLE DETERGENT CONCENTRATE
DE2847438 1978-11-02

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US4561998A (en) * 1982-05-24 1985-12-31 The Procter & Gamble Company Near-neutral pH detergents containing anionic surfactant, cosurfactant and fatty acid
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US5174927A (en) * 1990-09-28 1992-12-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for preparing brightener-containing liquid detergent compositions with polyhydroxy fatty acid amines
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DK146341C (en) 1984-02-20
ATE975T1 (en) 1982-05-15
ATA703679A (en) 1983-10-15
DK146341B (en) 1983-09-12
AT374823B (en) 1984-06-12
EP0011166A1 (en) 1980-05-28
DK419879A (en) 1980-05-03
DE2847438C2 (en) 1988-03-24
US4268262A (en) 1981-05-19

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