EP0010822B1 - Alkaline dishwasher detergent - Google Patents

Alkaline dishwasher detergent Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0010822B1
EP0010822B1 EP19790200645 EP79200645A EP0010822B1 EP 0010822 B1 EP0010822 B1 EP 0010822B1 EP 19790200645 EP19790200645 EP 19790200645 EP 79200645 A EP79200645 A EP 79200645A EP 0010822 B1 EP0010822 B1 EP 0010822B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sodium
composition
silicate
potassium
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19790200645
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0010822A1 (en
Inventor
Maria Luz Sevilla Wee
Lawrence Allen Gilbert
Jacob Mathew
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Procter and Gamble Co
Original Assignee
Procter and Gamble Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US06/076,696 external-priority patent/US4259199A/en
Application filed by Procter and Gamble Co filed Critical Procter and Gamble Co
Publication of EP0010822A1 publication Critical patent/EP0010822A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0010822B1 publication Critical patent/EP0010822B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/08—Silicates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/10—Carbonates ; Bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
    • C11D3/3958—Bleaching agents combined with phosphates

Definitions

  • This invention relates to detergent compositions which are particularly suitable for use in automatic dishwashers.
  • Such compositions are normally alkaline, contain low levels of low foaming surfactants, and contain a source of available chlorine.
  • the prior art compositions quite often contain a source of alkalinity which gives a pH greater than 12 at a 1% concentration or large amounts of phosphate builders or organic builders.
  • sources of alkalinity such as alkali metal metasilicates and alkali metal hydroxides are relatively unsafe for inclusion in large amounts in a consumer product.
  • This invention is based upon the discovery that a series of modifications in conventional, automatic dishwasher compositions can give surprisingly optimal cleaning and spotting and filming results while increasing the safety of the compositions and lowering the amount of phosphorus required for a given level of performance. More specifically, this invention relates to automatic compositions providing optimum cleaning together with optimum spotting and filming performance comprising in combination, a low foaming fatty alcohol ethoxylate surfactant, a sodium or potassium tripolyphosphate, sodium or potassium silicate solids, sodium or potassium carbonate and a sodium or potassium dichloro-isocyanurate bleach wherein -
  • substantially free is defined as less than 5%, by weight of the composition.
  • materials having a pH of 12 or more at a concentration of 1% by weight of water the composition preferably contains less than 2% of such materials, and most preferably is entirely free therefrom.
  • organic chelating builders and orthophosphates the composition is preferably entirely free therefrom.
  • compositions give optimal cleaning, superior spotting, and superior filming characteristics and improved processing and physical characteristics, using less phosphorus and less very highly alkaline materials than is required by the prior art to give equivalent levels of performance.
  • At least 20% of the composition is either sodium or potassium tripolyphosphate in order to provide good cleaning and spotting and filming (S/F) results. Since it is desirable to keep the phosphorus content of the composition as low as possible, it is preferred to use a level of from 20% to 50%, more preferably 30% to 40%, of these sequestering phosphate builders although increased levels up to 50% provide performance benefits. As the amount of sequestering phosphate builder is reduced below 30%, in level of performance drops off drastically. In general, one would like to use as much of sequestering phosphate builder as possible given the limits that are permitted in formulation.
  • the preferred sequestering phosphate builder is sodium tripolyphosphate.
  • sequestering phosphate builders In addition to serving as a sequestering builder, sequestering phosphate builders also are sources of alkalinity and buffering materials. They also are major sources of hydration capacity which assists in making the composition free-flowing initially and maintaining the free-flowing characteristics during storage.
  • compositions of this invention contain sodium or potassium carbonate, preferably sodium carbonate, to increase the amount of reserve alkalinity without raising the pH above 10.7 at 2500 ppm. Above a pH of 10.7, the filming performance of these compositions becomes unacceptable as compared to the best current products.
  • the pH of these products at 2500 ppm concentration will inherently be above a pH of 9.8 for good cleaning.
  • the pH is from 10.2 to 10.5.
  • the carbonates are unique in providing buffering in the proper range in the presence of the tripolyphosphate builder.
  • the reserve alkalinity at >4.5 pH will be at least 10 for good cleaning and below 20, preferably from 12 to 16 to avoid filming problems and damage to china.
  • Reserve alkalinity is expressed as the weight percent in product of the Na 2 0 equivalent of the acid necessary to reduce the pH of a 1% wt solution of the composition to pH 4.5.
  • the carbonate can also be added as sesquicarbonate.
  • the level of carbonate should be below 13% by weight and is preferably approximately 10% to avoid problems with spotting and filming.
  • Sodium or potassium dichlorocyanurate should provide available chlorine in an amount sufficient to provide a level of available chlorine of from 0.75% to 2.5% by weight of the composition. A more preferred level is from 1% to 2.1 % by weight of the composition. A high level of available chlorine helps the cleaning, especially on starchy soils, and improves spotting and filming.
  • the preferred source of available chlorine is sodium dichlorocyanurate dihydrate. -Of these materials sodium dichlorocyanurate dihydrate is preferred for effectiveness, stability and availability.
  • compositions of this invention contain from 6% to 15%, preferably from 8% to 13%, of Sio2 as a mixture of sodium or potassium silicates, preferably sodium silicates.
  • These alkali metal silicate solids normally comprise from 10% to a maximum of 20% by weight of the composition.
  • the silicate ratio (r) is normally expressed in terms of the weight ratio of Si0 2 to M 2 0 in the silicate, where M is the alkali metal.
  • 1.0r to 3.6r silicates can be used although lower ratio silicates should be limited as taught elsewhere. 1.6r to 3.6r is preferred.
  • a preferred silicate mixture is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4199467 to Novosel et al.
  • This hydrous silicate at the indicated levels provides Sio2 and can provide a desirable balance between agglomerating characteristics and the ability to form free-flowing, non-caking agglomerates while avoiding formation of excessive insolubles in certain formulas. It also reduces the instability of the dichlorocyanurate by reducing the moisture level. Lower moisture levels in general are desirable, e.g., it helps to use high solids levels wet silicates.
  • the remainder of the silicate is preferably 2.0r silicate or a mixture of 2.0r and 3.0r to 3.6r silicates, in order to obtain the best overall performance as far as spotting and filming (S/F) is concerned on metal surfaces. Silicate mixtures of this type are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4199468 of Bar- ford et al.
  • the Si0 2 is provided by the 2.0r silicate.
  • the surfactant is the surfactant
  • the surfactant is an ethoxylated, nonionic surfactant and preferably the composition is essentially free of sulfonated or sulfated anionic surfactants.
  • the nonionic surfactant is:
  • the condensation product of a fatty alcohol containing from 17 to 19 carbon atoms, and being substantially free of chain lengths above and below these numbers, with from 6 to 15 moles, preferably 7 to 12 moles, most preferably 8 to 9 moles, of ethylene oxide provides superior S/F performance. More particularly, it is preferred that the fatty alcohol contain 18 carbon atoms and be condensed with from 7.5 to 12, preferably 8 to 9, moles of ethylene oxide. It is even more preferred if the distribution of ethylene oxide condensation products is such as to give more than 40%, preferably more than 50% of the product within plus or minus two ethylene oxide moieties from the average. The preferred product contains less than 2% unethoxylated alcohol and more than 70% should contain less than 10 ethoxy moieties.
  • This distribution of ethylene oxide analogs can be obtained by using a high level of a very strong alkaline catalyst such as sodium metal or sodium hydride in e.g., a 1:1 molar ratio of catalyst to alcohol or by stripping a conventional ethoxylated alcohol.
  • a very strong alkaline catalyst such as sodium metal or sodium hydride in e.g., a 1:1 molar ratio of catalyst to alcohol or by stripping a conventional ethoxylated alcohol.
  • These various specific C 17 -C 19 ethoxylates give extremely good performance even at lower levels (e.g., 396) and at the higher levels (9%) are sufficiently low sudsing, especially when capped with a low molecular weight (C1-5) acid or alcohol moiety, so as to minimize or eliminate the need for a suds-suppressing agent. This is highly desirable since suds-supressing agents in general tend to act as a load on the composition and to hurt long term S/F characteristics.
  • the product may be desirable, if the product gives too much suds, to incorporate one of the many suds-suppressing ingredients such as are disclosed in U.S. Patents 3,544,473; 3,630,923; 3,393,781; and 4,001,172, at a level of from 0.001 % to 10%, preferably from 0.05% to 3%.
  • the preferred suds-suppressing materials are mono- and distearyl acid phosphates; the self- emulsified siloxane suds-suppressors of U.S. Patent 4,075,118, and mixtures thereof.
  • lower amounts of, or no, suds-suppressors are preferred. Less than 0.2%, preferably less than 0.1% is desirable, more preferably none for the best long term spotting and filming performance.
  • compositions should contain less than 5%, more. preferably less than 2%, and most preferably none of materials which have a pH greater than 12 at a concentration of 1% in water.
  • materials are conventional components of automatic dishwashing compositions such as sodium metasilicate and sodium hydroxide. The content of such materials should be kept to the bare minimum for safety reasons.
  • compositions should be free of antioxidants and random alkyl phosphonate soil-release agents.
  • China protecting agents including aluminosilicates and aluminates may be present in amounts of from 0.1% to 5%, preferably from 0.5% to 2%.
  • Filler materials can also be present including sucrose, sucrose esters, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, etc., in amounts from 0.001% to 60%, preferably from 5% to 30%.
  • Hydrotrope materials such as sodium benzene sulfonate, sodium toluene sulfonate, sodium cumene sulfonate, etc., can be present in minor amounts, but, as with other organic materials, their presence is normally minimized.
  • Dyes, perfumes and crystal modifiers can also be added in minor amounts.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
EP19790200645 1978-11-07 1979-11-05 Alkaline dishwasher detergent Expired EP0010822B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US95858778A 1978-11-07 1978-11-07
US5316379A 1979-06-29 1979-06-29
US06/076,696 US4259199A (en) 1979-06-29 1979-09-18 Alkaline dishwasher detergent
US76696 1979-09-18
US53163 1993-04-27
US958587 1997-10-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0010822A1 EP0010822A1 (en) 1980-05-14
EP0010822B1 true EP0010822B1 (en) 1983-05-18

Family

ID=27368360

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19790200645 Expired EP0010822B1 (en) 1978-11-07 1979-11-05 Alkaline dishwasher detergent

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0010822B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1121689A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2965463D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GR (1) GR66649B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4284524A (en) * 1980-06-30 1981-08-18 The Procter & Gamble Company Alkaline dishwasher detergent
US4379069A (en) * 1981-06-04 1983-04-05 Lever Brothers Company Detergent powders of improved solubility
DE102007019457A1 (de) * 2007-04-25 2008-10-30 Basf Se Maschinengeschirrspülmittel mit ausgezeichneter Klarspülleistung

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2415225B2 (de) * 1974-03-29 1977-05-18 Joh. A. Benckiser Gmbh, 6700 Ludwigshafen Geschirrspuelmittel
DE2435479A1 (de) * 1974-07-24 1976-02-12 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Geschirrspuelmittel
SE424739B (sv) * 1977-05-26 1982-08-09 Elektrokemiska Ab Granuler ravara for maskindiskmedel-, avfettningsmedel-, och rengorings-medelskomposition och forfarande for dess framstellning

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GR66649B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1981-04-07
CA1121689A (en) 1982-04-13
DE2965463D1 (en) 1983-07-07
EP0010822A1 (en) 1980-05-14

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