EP0010487A1 - Bridge-wire initiator for propulsive charges - Google Patents
Bridge-wire initiator for propulsive charges Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0010487A1 EP0010487A1 EP79400737A EP79400737A EP0010487A1 EP 0010487 A1 EP0010487 A1 EP 0010487A1 EP 79400737 A EP79400737 A EP 79400737A EP 79400737 A EP79400737 A EP 79400737A EP 0010487 A1 EP0010487 A1 EP 0010487A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pyrotechnic
- coefficient
- sensitivity
- housing
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
- C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
- C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
- F42B3/12—Bridge initiators
- F42B3/124—Bridge initiators characterised by the configuration or material of the bridge
Definitions
- the invention relates to devices for the electro-pyrotechnic ignition of propellant charges of artillery and missiles, or of fireworks such as, for example, illuminating, tracing, smoke, incendiary and gas generator devices.
- Resistant wire systems are igniters in which a filament or pseudo-filament is disposed within a thermosensitive pyrotechnic substance.
- a distinction is made between hot wire cells and exploded wire cells.
- Conductive substance systems are igniters in which the current conducting element consists of the pyrotechnic substance itself; this substance can be conductive by adding various powders.
- Hot-wire electro-pyrotechnic cells require the use of products sensitive to heating produced by the passage of a current through the filament.
- the pyrotechnic charge contained in an electrical igniter of this type is usually ignited using a certain quantity of primary explosive placed around the initiator's initiating wire, either in the form of a compressed powder or in the form of a match head bead.
- the disadvantages of these igniters are, on the one hand their sensitivity to shocks and friction which gives the components certain risks from the point of view of safety of use, and on the other hand lie in the dangers inherent in the handling of the primary explosive.
- the cells with conductive substances are of simpler design, but their principle of operation is identical, namely that when the electrical energy expended makes it possible to reach the ignition temperature of the pyrotechnic product based on primary explosive, the igniter works by emitting a heat and gas flow.
- Cells with conductive substances therefore offer the same drawbacks as hot-wire cells with, in addition, the fact that the operating energies are difficult to control, which also goes against safety.
- the pyrotechnic substance In exploded wire cells, the pyrotechnic substance is put into operating mode by the explosion of the filament, a phenomenon which requires a significant supply of electrical energy, much greater than that necessary in the case of ignition of the wire cells. hot. Given the large amount of energy used in this initiation mode, it is possible to use insensitive pyrotechnic mixtures which are difficult to ignite under the action of weak sources of energy, but easily in the case of energies or sufficiently large electric currents. Such compositions are much less sensitive than those used in the previous systems. Consequently, the exploded wire cells are satisfactory from the point of view of safety, but the volume, mass and complexity constraints of the associated electrical source, make the initiation system unusable in many devices.
- the invention aims to provide a device of the type envisaged to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages.
- the invention relates to the production of an electro-pyrotechnic igniter operating with a limited electrical energy and not comprising pyrotechnic substances sensitive to external mechanical stresses, to thermal effects and to the electrostatic or electromagnetic environment.
- the initiating pyrotechnic composition is composed by the association of a zirconium powder, a lead chromate powder and silicone resin, according to the respective weight percentages: 40 to 80%, 18 to 60% and 2 to 8 % and preferably 57%, 38% and 5% of RTV resin sold by the company RHONE-POULENC.
- the pyrotechnic composition is formed by the combination of an aluminum powder, copper oxide powder and possibly a polymer nitrated according to the respective percentages by weight: 15 to 6 0% 40-85 % and O at 12% and preferably 40%, 60% and 0%.
- the pyrotechnic cell is composed by the association of the initiating pyrotechnic composition and the inflammatory pyrotechnic composition according to the respective percentages: 5 to 15% and 85 to 95% and preferably 13% and 87%.
- the ignition initiator is characterized in that the filament is disposed at the bottom of the housing cavity, its ends extending by insulated pins, passing through the housing, capable of being connected to a source of electricity.
- the housing is made of an insulating material, the filament being disposed at the bottom of the housing cavity and being connected to a coil induced by an electromagnetic field integrated in the housing.
- the housing consists of an inert, or pyrotechnically active, combustible material, for example based on nitrocellulose; the active boxes can undergo without detonating the initiation using a 30g hexogen tablet.
- the initiator comprises a housing 1 comprising an open cavity 2 in which is disposed the pyrotechnic cell and the filament 3 heated during ignition.
- the pins 4 isolated from each other, pass through the bottom of the housing, and are connected to the ends of the filament 3. These pins 4 are intended to be brought into contact with a source of electricity which is not shown.
- the pyrotechnic cell is constituted by an initiating pyrotechnic composition 5 and by an inflammatory pyrotechnic composition 6.
- a layer of a few tenths of a millimeter, or approximately 25 to 35 mg, of initiating composition 5 composed by the association of zirconium powder, of powder of lead chromate and silicone resin RTV 20521 playing the role of binder and phlegmatizer is placed in a pasty state on the filament.
- the respective percentages by mass of zirconium powder, lead chromate powder and RIV 20521 resin are: 57%, 38% and 5%.
- the ignition temperature of this composition is of the order of 320 ° C. On the other hand, it has a coefficient of sensitivity to impact (CSI) of 32% starting with 112 joules.
- This CSI measurement was determined by the FMD 410 E1 method of the STPE manual of procedures; the measurement is carried out according to the fall of a determined mass falling from a variable height onto a sample, taken in small quantity in a specially shaped capsule.
- the coefficient of friction sensitivity (CSF) of this composition is 118 N, a measurement determined like the following, by the FMD 420 A method of the previous manual which implements the JULIUS PETERS (BAM) device.
- BAM JULIUS PETERS
- the last measurement was carried out by placing the pyrotechnic substance between two electrodes connected to a battery of capacitors.
- the upper electrode is spherical in shape with a diameter of 10mm, the lower electrode being cylindrical and with a diameter of 2mm.
- a bucket insulator has a conical sectional housing in which the pyrotechnic substance to be tested is arranged, without settling.
- the angle at the top of the truncated cone is 90 °, the diameter of the largest section is 5.5mm and the lower electrode is flush with the smallest section of diameter 2mm.
- This thin layer of pyrotechnic composition playing the role of a match, is overloaded, when dry, with a layer of inflammatory pyrotechnic composition composed by the combination of aluminum powder and copper oxide powder, according to the respective percentages by mass of 40% and 60%.
- This mixture has an ignition temperature of the order of 550 ° C, a C.S.I. 112 joules, a C.S.F. of 335 N, a coefficient of sensitivity to static electricity of around 50 millijoules (1000 ⁇ F capacitor charged at 10 kV).
- inflammatory pyrotechnic composition approximately 200 mg was used, compressed to 300 bars, which gives the initiator an inflammatory power larger than sufficient to effectively ignite black powder type PN L 1, placed a few millimeters in a sachet. in ventilated fabric.
- the opening of the cavity 2 of the housing is closed by a disk 7 of strong paper, glued and varnished, so as to isolate the pyrotechnic cell from the outside environment.
- FIG. 2 Another embodiment (fig. 2) is an initiator, the firing order of which is carried out by induction of a high-frequency high-power signal, which offers the advantage, compared with conventional electric initiators, not to require any direct connection to the filament circuit: this feature makes it possible to keep intact the intrinsic characteristics of the initiator from the point of view of electrical safety since the direct addition of conductors can, by causing an antenna effect, capture electrostatic or electromagnetic energies and make the system aware of these risks.
- This particular embodiment is composed of a housing 8 made of inert or active insulating material.
- This housing includes a cavity 9 in which is disposed a disc 10 (fig. 2 and 3) on which is maintained an induced turn 11 whose ends 12 extend as far as the center of the disc, and on which a filament is welded 13.
- This disc 10 is held at the bottom of the cavity 9 of the housing 8 by a cover 14 made of the same material as the housing 8.
- This cover 14 is boxed on the lateral surface of the cavity 9 and can, for example, be secured to it by gluing.
- this cover has a hole 15 opening onto the filament 13.
- This hole 15, in the same way as in the embodiment described above, is filled by the pyrotechnic cell, and is closed by a strong paper disc 16 .
Abstract
Cet initiateur comporte un boîtier (1) munie d'une cavité ouverte (2) dans laquelle est disposé un filament (3) et une cellule pyrotechnique composée: a) d'une composition pyrotechnique initiatrice (5) constituée d'un oxydant et d'un réducteur, disposée en contact intime avec le filament (3) dont le coefficient de sensibilité à l'impact est au moins égal à 100 joules, le coefficient de sensibilité à la friction est d'au moins 100 N, le coefficient de sensibilité à l'électricité statique est d'environ 16 millijoules, et la température d'inflammation est comprise entre 250 et 350°C, b) d'une composition pyrotechnique inflammatrice (6) constituée d'au moins un oxydant et un réducteur, disposée au voisinage ou au contact de la composition initiatrice, cette composition inflammatrice ayant : un coefficient de sensibilité à l'impact d'au moins 100 joules, un coefficient de sensibilité à la friction d'au moins 300 N, un coefficient de sensibilité à l'électricité statique d'environ 50 millijoules, et une température d'inflammation est comprise entre 400 et 750°C.This initiator comprises a housing (1) provided with an open cavity (2) in which a filament (3) is disposed and a pyrotechnic cell composed: a) of an initiating pyrotechnic composition (5) consisting of an oxidant and d '' a reducer, placed in intimate contact with the filament (3) whose coefficient of sensitivity to impact is at least equal to 100 joules, the coefficient of sensitivity to friction is at least 100 N, the coefficient of sensitivity at static electricity is approximately 16 millijoules, and the ignition temperature is between 250 and 350 ° C, b) an inflammatory pyrotechnic composition (6) consisting of at least one oxidant and one reducer, arranged in the vicinity or in contact with the initiating composition, this inflammatory composition having: a coefficient of sensitivity to impact of at least 100 joules, a coefficient of sensitivity to friction of at least 300 N, a coefficient of sensitivity to l static electricity of around 50 millijou them, and an ignition temperature is between 400 and 750 ° C.
Description
L'invention se rapporte aux dispositifs d'allumage électro-pyrotechnique de charges propulsives d'artillerie et de missiles, ou d'artifices tels que par exemple des engins éclairants, traçants, fumigènes, incendiaires et générateurs de gaz.The invention relates to devices for the electro-pyrotechnic ignition of propellant charges of artillery and missiles, or of fireworks such as, for example, illuminating, tracing, smoke, incendiary and gas generator devices.
Il existe actuellement deux sortes d'inflammateurs électriques :
- les systèmes à fil résistant et les systèmes à substance conductrice.
- resistant wire systems and conductive substance systems.
Les systèmes à fil résistant sont des inflaimmateurs dans lesquels un filament ou pseudo-filament est disposé au sein d'une substance pyrotechnique thermo-sensible. Parmi les systèmes à fil résistant on distingue les cellules à fil chaud et les cellules à fil explosé.Resistant wire systems are igniters in which a filament or pseudo-filament is disposed within a thermosensitive pyrotechnic substance. Among the resistant wire systems, a distinction is made between hot wire cells and exploded wire cells.
Les systèmes à substance conductrice sont des inflammateurs dans lesquels l'élément conducteur de courant est constitué par la substance pyrotechnique elle-même; cette substance peut être conductrice par addition de poudres diverses.Conductive substance systems are igniters in which the current conducting element consists of the pyrotechnic substance itself; this substance can be conductive by adding various powders.
Les cellules électro-pyrotechniques à fil chaud nécessitent l'emploi de produits sensibles à réchauffement produit par le passage d'un courant dans le filament. La charge pyrotechnique contenue dans un inflammateur électrique de ce type est habituellement allumée à l'aide d'une certaine quantité d'explosif primaire disposée autour du fil d'amorçage de l'initiateur, soit sous la forme d'une poudre comprimée, soit sous la forme d'une perle de tête d'allumette. Les inconvénients de ces inflammateurs sont, d'une part leur sensibilité aux chocs et à la friction qui confère aux composants certains risques du point de vue de la sécurité d'utilisation, et d'autre part résident dans les dangers propres à la manipulation de l'explosif primaire.Hot-wire electro-pyrotechnic cells require the use of products sensitive to heating produced by the passage of a current through the filament. The pyrotechnic charge contained in an electrical igniter of this type is usually ignited using a certain quantity of primary explosive placed around the initiator's initiating wire, either in the form of a compressed powder or in the form of a match head bead. The disadvantages of these igniters are, on the one hand their sensitivity to shocks and friction which gives the components certain risks from the point of view of safety of use, and on the other hand lie in the dangers inherent in the handling of the primary explosive.
Les cellules à substances conductrices sont de conception plus simple, mais leur principe de fonctionnement est identique, à savoir que lorsque l'énergie électrique dépensée permet d'atteindre la température d'inflammation du produit pyrotechnique à base d'explosif primaire, l'inflammateur fonctionne en émettant un flux thermique et gazeux. Les cellules à substances conductrices offrent donc les mêmes inconvénients que les cellules à fil chaud avec, en plus, le fait que les énergies de fonctionnement sont difficilement maîtrisables ce qui va sussi à l'encontre de la sécurité.The cells with conductive substances are of simpler design, but their principle of operation is identical, namely that when the electrical energy expended makes it possible to reach the ignition temperature of the pyrotechnic product based on primary explosive, the igniter works by emitting a heat and gas flow. Cells with conductive substances therefore offer the same drawbacks as hot-wire cells with, in addition, the fact that the operating energies are difficult to control, which also goes against safety.
Dans les cellules à fil explosé, la substance pyrotechnique est mise en régime de fonctionnement par l'explosion du filament, phénomène qui demande un apport d'énergie électrique important, très supérieur à celui nécessaire dans le cas de l'allumage des cellules à fil chaud. Compte tenu de la grande quantité d'énergie utilisée dans ce mode d'initiation, on peut employer des mélanges pyrotechniques peu sensibles s'enflammant difficilement sous l'action de faibles sources d'énergie, mais aisément dans le cas d'énergies ou de courants électriques suffisamment grands. De telles compositions sont nettement moins sensibles que celles utilisées dans les systèmes précédents. En conséquence, les cellules à fil explosé sont satisfaisantes du point de vue de la sécurité, mais les contraintes en volume, en masse et en complexité de la source électrique associée, rendent le système d'initiation inutilisable dans nombre de dispositifs.In exploded wire cells, the pyrotechnic substance is put into operating mode by the explosion of the filament, a phenomenon which requires a significant supply of electrical energy, much greater than that necessary in the case of ignition of the wire cells. hot. Given the large amount of energy used in this initiation mode, it is possible to use insensitive pyrotechnic mixtures which are difficult to ignite under the action of weak sources of energy, but easily in the case of energies or sufficiently large electric currents. Such compositions are much less sensitive than those used in the previous systems. Consequently, the exploded wire cells are satisfactory from the point of view of safety, but the volume, mass and complexity constraints of the associated electrical source, make the initiation system unusable in many devices.
L'invention a pour but de fournir un dispositif du type envisagé permettant de pallier les désavantages précités.The invention aims to provide a device of the type envisaged to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages.
L'invention concerne la réalisation d'un inflammateur électro-pyrotechnique fonctionnant avec une énergie électrique limitée et ne comportant pas de substances pyrotechniques sensibles aux sollicitations mécaniques extérieures, aux effets thermiques et à l'environnement électrostatique ou électromagnétique.The invention relates to the production of an electro-pyrotechnic igniter operating with a limited electrical energy and not comprising pyrotechnic substances sensitive to external mechanical stresses, to thermal effects and to the electrostatic or electromagnetic environment.
L'invention a pour objet un initiateur d'allumage à fil chaud com- prenatn :
- - un boîtier comportant une cavité ouverte,
- - un filament disposé dans cette cavité,
- - une cellule pyrotechnique composée d'une part par une composition pyrotechnique initiatrice constituée d'au moins un oxydant et un réducteur, disposée en contact intime avec le filament dont, le coefficient de sensibilité à l'impact est au moins égal à 100 joules, le coefficient de sensibilité à la friction est d'au moins 100 N, le coefficient de sensibilité à l'électricité statique d'environ 16 millijoules, et dont la température d'inflammation est comprise entre 250 et 350°C, et d'autre part, par une composition pyrotechnique inflammatrice constituée d'un oxydant et d'un réducteur disposée au voisinage ou au contact de la composition initiatrice, cette composition inflammatrice ayant un coefficient de sensibilité à l'impact d'au moins 100 joules, un coefficient de sensibilité à l'ectri- cité statique d'environ 50 millijoules, et une température d'inflammation comprise entre 400 et 750°C.
- - a housing comprising an open cavity,
- - a filament placed in this cavity,
- a pyrotechnic cell composed on the one hand by an initiating pyrotechnic composition consisting of at least one oxidizer and one reducing agent, placed in intimate contact with the filament, the coefficient of sensitivity of which is impact at least equal to 100 joules, the coefficient of sensitivity to friction is at least 100 N, the coefficient of sensitivity to static electricity of about 16 millijoules, and whose ignition temperature is between 250 and 350 ° C, and other on the other hand, by an inflammatory pyrotechnic composition consisting of an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent placed in the vicinity or in contact with the initiating composition, this inflammatory composition having a coefficient of sensitivity to the impact of at least 100 joules, a coefficient of sensitivity to static electricity of around 50 millijoules, and an ignition temperature between 400 and 750 ° C.
La composition pyrotechnique initiatrice est composée par l'association d'une poudre de zirconium, d'une poudre de chromate de plomb et de résine silicone, selon les pourcentages en masse respectifs : 40 à 80%, 18 à 60% et 2 à 8% et préférentiellement 57%, 38ù et 5% de résine RTV commercialisée par la société RHONE-POULENC.The initiating pyrotechnic composition is composed by the association of a zirconium powder, a lead chromate powder and silicone resin, according to the respective weight percentages: 40 to 80%, 18 to 60% and 2 to 8 % and preferably 57%, 38% and 5% of RTV resin sold by the company RHONE-POULENC.
La composition pyrotechnique inflanmatrice est composée par l'association d'une poudre d'aluminium, d'une poudre d'oxyde de cuivre et éventuellement d'un polymère nitré selon les pourcentages respectifs en masse: 15 à 60%, 40 à 85% et O à 12% et préférentiellement de 40%, 60% et 0%.Inflanmatrice the pyrotechnic composition is formed by the combination of an aluminum powder, copper oxide powder and possibly a polymer nitrated according to the respective percentages by weight: 15 to 6 0% 40-85 % and O at 12% and preferably 40%, 60% and 0%.
La cellule pyrotechnique est composée par l'association de la composition pyrotechnique initiatrice et de la composition pyrotechnique inflammatrice selon les pourcentages respectifs : 5 à 15% et 85 à 95% et préférentiellement 13% et 87%.The pyrotechnic cell is composed by the association of the initiating pyrotechnic composition and the inflammatory pyrotechnic composition according to the respective percentages: 5 to 15% and 85 to 95% and preferably 13% and 87%.
L'initiateur d'allumage est caractérisé par le fait que le filament est disposé au fond de la cavité du boîtier, ses extrémités se prolongeant par des broches isolées, traversant le boîtier, susceptibles d'être connectées à une source d'électricité.The ignition initiator is characterized in that the filament is disposed at the bottom of the housing cavity, its ends extending by insulated pins, passing through the housing, capable of being connected to a source of electricity.
Une autre caractéristique de l'invention réside dans le fait que le boîtier est constitué par un matériau isolant, le filament étant disposé au fond de la cavité du boîtier et étant connecté à une spire induite par un champ électromagnétique intégrée au boîtier.Another characteristic of the invention lies in the fact that the housing is made of an insulating material, the filament being disposed at the bottom of the housing cavity and being connected to a coil induced by an electromagnetic field integrated in the housing.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation le boîtier est constitué d'un matériau combustible inerte, ou pyrotechniquement actif, par exemple à base de nitrocellulose; les boîtiers actifs pouvant subir sans détoner l'amorçage à l'aide d'un comprimé de 30g d'hexogène.According to another embodiment, the housing consists of an inert, or pyrotechnically active, combustible material, for example based on nitrocellulose; the active boxes can undergo without detonating the initiation using a 30g hexogen tablet.
Pour mieux comprendre l'objet de l'invention on va décrire à titre indicatif et non limitatif deux modes de réalisation représentés sur les dessins annexés. Sur les dessins :
- - la figure 1 représente un initiateur selon l'invention dont le filament est connecté directement à une source d'électricité,
- - la figure 2 représente un initiateur à fil chaud fonctionnant par induction électromagnétique,
- - la figure 3 représente la spire induite et le fil disposés dans l'initiateur représenté à la figure 2.
- FIG. 1 represents an initiator according to the invention, the filament of which is connected directly to a source of electricity,
- FIG. 2 represents a hot wire initiator operating by electromagnetic induction,
- FIG. 3 represents the induced turn and the wire arranged in the initiator shown in FIG. 2.
Suivant un mode de réalisation (fig.l) l'initiateur comprend un boîtier 1 comportant une cavité ouverte 2 dans laquelle est disposée la cellule pyrotechnique et le filament 3 chauffé lors de la mise à feu. Les broches 4, isolées entre elles, traversent le fond du boîtier, et sont connectées aux extrémités du filament 3. Ces broches 4 sont destinées à être mises au contact d'une source d'électricité non représentée. La cellule pyrotechnique est constituée par une composition pyrotechnique initiatrice 5 et par une composition pyrotechnique inflammatrice 6. Une couche de quelques dixièmes de millimètre, soit environ 25 à 35 mg, de composition initiatrice 5 composée par l'association de poudre de zirconium, de poudre de chromate de plomb et de résine silicone RTV 20521 jouant le rôle de liant et de flegmatisant est disposée à l'état pâteux sur le filament. Les pourcentages respectifs en masse de poudre de zirconium, de poudre de chromate de plomb et de résine RIV 20521 sont de : 57%, 38% et 5%. La température d'inflammation de cette composition est de l'ordre de 320°C. D'autre part, elle présente un coefficient de sensibilité à l'impact (C.S.I.) de 32% de départ sous 112 joules. Cette mesure de C.S.I., comme les suivantes ont été déterminées par la méthode FMD 410 E1 du manuel des modes opératoires STPE; la mesure s'effectue d'après la chute d'une masse déterminée tombant d'une hauteur variable sur un échantillon, pris en faible quantité dans une capsule de forme spéciale. Le coefficient de sensibilité à la friction (C.S.F.) de cette composition est de 118 N, mesure déterminée comme les suivantes, par la méthode FMD 420 A du manuel précédent qui met en oeuvre l'appareil JULIUS PETERS (BAM). D'autre part, une énergie d'environ 16 millijoules (décharge d'un condensateur de 100 picofarads chargé sous 18 kilovolts), n'est pas suffisante pour provoquer l'allumage de la substance par étincelle. Cette dernière mesure comme les suivantes a été effectuée en disposant la substance pyrotechnique entre deux électrodes connectées à une batterie de condensateurs. L'électrode supérieure est de forme sphérique de diamètre 10mm, l'électrode inférieure étant cylindrique et de diamètre 2 mm. Un godet isolant comporte un logement tron conique dans lequel est disposé, sans tassement, la substance pyrotechnique à tester. L'angle au sommet du tronc de cône est de 90°, le diamètre de la plus grande section est de 5,5mm et l'électrode inférieure affleure la plus petite section de diamètre 2 mm.According to one embodiment (fig.l) the initiator comprises a
Cette mince couche de composition pyrotechnique, jouant le rôle d'allumette, est surchargée, lorsqu'elle est sèche, d'une couche de composition pyrotechnique inflammatrice composée par l'association de poudre d'aluminium et de poudre d'oxyde de cuivre, selon les pourcentages respectifs en masse de 40% et 60%. Ce mélange présente une température d'inflammation de l'ordre de 550°C, un C.S.I. de 112 joules, un C.S.F. de 335 N, un coefficient de sensibilité à l'électricité statique d'environ 50 millijoules (condensateur de 1000 µF chargé sous 10 kV). Dans cet exemple on a utilisé environ 200 mg de composition pyrotechnique inflammatrice comprimée à 300 bars, ce qui donne à l'initiateur un pouvoir inflammatoire larger ent suffisant pour allumer efficacement de la poudre noire type PN L 1, placée à quelques millimètres dans un sachet en tissu aéré. L'ouverture de la cavité 2 du boîtier est obturée par un disque 7 de papier fort, collé et vernis, de façon à isoler la cellule pyrotechnique du milieu extérieur.This thin layer of pyrotechnic composition, playing the role of a match, is overloaded, when dry, with a layer of inflammatory pyrotechnic composition composed by the combination of aluminum powder and copper oxide powder, according to the respective percentages by mass of 40% and 60%. This mixture has an ignition temperature of the order of 550 ° C, a C.S.I. 112 joules, a C.S.F. of 335 N, a coefficient of sensitivity to static electricity of around 50 millijoules (1000 µF capacitor charged at 10 kV). In this example, approximately 200 mg of inflammatory pyrotechnic composition was used, compressed to 300 bars, which gives the initiator an inflammatory power larger than sufficient to effectively ignite black powder
Un autre mode de réalisation (fig.2) est un initiateur dont l'ordre de mise à feu s'effectue par induction d'un signal haute fréquence de forte puissance, ce qui offre l'avantage, par rapport aux initiateurs électriques classiques, de ne nécessiter aucune connexion directe sur le circuit du filament : cette particularité permet de conserver intactes les caractéristiques intrinsèques de l'initiateur au point de vue de la sécurité électrique car l'adjonction directe de conducteurs peut, en provoquant un effet d'antenne, capter des énergies électrostatiques ou électromagnétiques et sensibiliser le système vis à vis de ces risques.Another embodiment (fig. 2) is an initiator, the firing order of which is carried out by induction of a high-frequency high-power signal, which offers the advantage, compared with conventional electric initiators, not to require any direct connection to the filament circuit: this feature makes it possible to keep intact the intrinsic characteristics of the initiator from the point of view of electrical safety since the direct addition of conductors can, by causing an antenna effect, capture electrostatic or electromagnetic energies and make the system aware of these risks.
Cette réalisation particulière est composée d'un boîtier 8 en matériau isolant inerte ou actif. Ce boîtier comporte une cavité 9 dans laquelle est disposé un disque 10 (fig. 2 et 3) sur lequel est maintenue une spire induite 11 dont les extrémités 12 se prolongent jusqu'au voisinage du centre du disque, et sur lesquelles est soudé un filament 13. Ce disque 10 est maintenu au fond de la cavité 9 du boîtier 8 par un couvercle 14 réalise dans le même matériau que le boîtier 8. Ce couvercle 14 est em- boite sur la surface latérale de la cavité 9 et peut, par exemple, y être assujetti par collage. D'autre part, ce couvercle comporte un percement 15 débouchant sur le filament 13. Ce percement 15, de la même façon que dans la réalisation décrite précédemment, est rempli par la cellule pyrotechnique, et, est obturé par un disque de papier fort 16.This particular embodiment is composed of a
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7829210 | 1978-10-13 | ||
FR7829210A FR2438821A1 (en) | 1978-10-13 | 1978-10-13 | SAFETY HOT WIRE IGNITION DEVICE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0010487A1 true EP0010487A1 (en) | 1980-04-30 |
EP0010487B1 EP0010487B1 (en) | 1982-06-23 |
Family
ID=9213690
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP79400737A Expired EP0010487B1 (en) | 1978-10-13 | 1979-10-12 | Bridge-wire initiator for propulsive charges |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4354432A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0010487B1 (en) |
BE (1) | BE879385A (en) |
CH (1) | CH634143A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2963180D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2438821A1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1123852B (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2599361A1 (en) * | 1986-05-27 | 1987-12-04 | Survilliers Nle Cartoucherie | Pyrotechnic composition for an igniter and safety electrical ignition device, igniter and ignition device thus obtained |
US5179249A (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1993-01-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Performance of blasting caps |
US5849883A (en) * | 1988-05-13 | 1998-12-15 | Amgen Inc. | Method for purifying granulocyte colony stimulating factor |
EP1386899A1 (en) * | 2001-05-10 | 2004-02-04 | Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Igniting agent composition, and igniter using the igniting agent composition |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4698532A (en) * | 1982-07-19 | 1987-10-06 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Electromagnetic projectile launcher with explosive-start and plasma drive |
US4989515A (en) * | 1989-08-08 | 1991-02-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Ignitor with stable low-energy thermite igniting system |
FR2669725B1 (en) * | 1990-11-27 | 1994-10-07 | Thomson Brandt Armements | PYROTECHNIC DETONATOR WITH COAXIAL CONNECTIONS. |
WO1999054676A2 (en) * | 1998-03-30 | 1999-10-28 | Magicfire, Inc. | Precision pyrotechnic display system and method having increased safety and timing accuracy |
US20060086277A1 (en) * | 1998-03-30 | 2006-04-27 | George Bossarte | Precision pyrotechnic display system and method having increased safety and timing accuracy |
FR2788165B1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2001-02-02 | Pyroalliance | ELECTRIC CONTACTOR WITH PYROTECHNIC OPERATION |
ES2370395T3 (en) | 2003-05-21 | 2011-12-15 | Alexza Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | USE OF A SOLID FUEL LAYER, MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE AND CORRESPONDING HEATING UNIT. |
US7402777B2 (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2008-07-22 | Alexza Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Stable initiator compositions and igniters |
JP2007537967A (en) * | 2004-05-20 | 2007-12-27 | アレックザ ファーマシューティカルズ, インコーポレイテッド | Stable initiator composition and igniter |
US8079307B2 (en) | 2005-10-05 | 2011-12-20 | Mckinley Paul | Electric match assembly with isolated lift and burst function for a pyrotechnic device |
US7823508B2 (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2010-11-02 | Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd | Connector for detonator, corresponding booster assembly, and method of use |
US7834295B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2010-11-16 | Alexza Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Printable igniters |
US8477049B2 (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2013-07-02 | Apple Inc. | Efficiently embedding information onto a keyboard membrane |
US20120048963A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2012-03-01 | Alexza Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Heat Units Using a Solid Fuel Capable of Undergoing an Exothermic Metal Oxidation-Reduction Reaction Propagated without an Igniter |
KR102217768B1 (en) | 2015-03-11 | 2021-02-19 | 알렉스자 파마스티칼즈, 인크. | Use of antistatic materials in airways for thermal aerosol condensation processes |
RU2634949C1 (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-11-08 | Виталий Борисович Шепеленко | Safe handling electric detonator |
RU2634947C1 (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-11-08 | Владимир Викторович Черниченко | Electrodetector |
RU2636831C1 (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-11-28 | Виталий Борисович Шепеленко | Electric detonator with electromechanical locking |
RU2634941C1 (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-11-08 | Виталий Борисович Шепеленко | Contact target sensor |
RU2634951C1 (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-11-08 | Владимир Викторович Черниченко | Initiation device |
DE102017118416A1 (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2019-02-14 | Ruag Ammotec Gmbh | Pyrotechnic separator, system for electrically charging an electric power cell, mobile device and charger |
RU2706151C1 (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-11-14 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" (Госкорпорация "Росатом") | Low-voltage electric detonator |
RU2745086C1 (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2021-03-19 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Министерство обороны Российской Федерации | Modular propellant charge initiator |
RU2763206C1 (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" (Госкорпорация "Росатом") | Electric detonator |
Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB768616A (en) * | 1954-06-10 | 1957-02-20 | Canadian Ind 1954 Ltd | Improvements in electric blasting initiators |
US2989389A (en) * | 1956-04-27 | 1961-06-20 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Primer charge for detonators |
US3090310A (en) * | 1960-05-04 | 1963-05-21 | George W Peet | Conductive explosive primer mixture and device |
FR1359245A (en) * | 1963-03-12 | 1964-04-24 | Banyagyutacsgyar | Delayed-action firing capsule for detonators |
US3185093A (en) * | 1962-02-08 | 1965-05-25 | Bjorksten Res Lab For Industry | High frequency immune squib |
US3455244A (en) * | 1967-09-22 | 1969-07-15 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Shockproof primer cover |
FR1599961A (en) * | 1968-01-13 | 1970-07-20 | ||
US3611939A (en) * | 1962-11-29 | 1971-10-12 | Hans Stadler | Primer |
FR2174406A5 (en) * | 1972-03-03 | 1973-10-12 | France Etat | Explosion initiator of the percussion type - for automatic weapons |
US3809964A (en) * | 1971-11-12 | 1974-05-07 | Ministre Charge De La Defense | Electrically actuated priming device |
DE2421908A1 (en) * | 1973-05-14 | 1974-12-12 | Ml Aviation Co Ltd | Blasting device |
FR2307248A1 (en) * | 1973-07-12 | 1976-11-05 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | Igniter assembly for propellant or other charges - with directional divergent beam of incandescent particles and casing constructed to resist premature disintegration |
FR2353040A1 (en) * | 1976-05-25 | 1977-12-23 | Europ Propulsion | LIGHTER FOR PROPULSIVE POWDER BLOCK |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA762710A (en) * | 1967-07-11 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Explosive initiator | |
US3227083A (en) * | 1964-01-30 | 1966-01-04 | Holex Inc | Electroexplosive cartridge with heat sink button |
US3264989A (en) * | 1964-03-06 | 1966-08-09 | Du Pont | Ignition assembly resistant to actuation by radio frequency and electrostatic energies |
US3570403A (en) * | 1968-11-06 | 1971-03-16 | Ensign Bickford Co | Pyrotechnic igniter |
US3640222A (en) * | 1968-12-27 | 1972-02-08 | Hercules Inc | Booster-cap assembly |
US3882323A (en) * | 1973-12-17 | 1975-05-06 | Us Navy | Method and apparatus for protecting sensitive information contained in thin-film microelectonic circuitry |
DE2506055A1 (en) * | 1975-02-13 | 1976-08-26 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Electrical igniter burning without leaving residue - contg insulator of high temp-resistant material and opt plastic binder |
SE416843B (en) * | 1977-04-19 | 1981-02-09 | Bofors Ab | ELTENDDON WITH ELECTRIC WIRING CIRCUIT |
US4190413A (en) * | 1977-12-30 | 1980-02-26 | Gte Sylvania Incorporated | Photoflash lamp |
-
1978
- 1978-10-13 FR FR7829210A patent/FR2438821A1/en active Granted
-
1979
- 1979-10-09 CH CH905879A patent/CH634143A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-10-12 BE BE0/197625A patent/BE879385A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-10-12 EP EP79400737A patent/EP0010487B1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-12 DE DE7979400737T patent/DE2963180D1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-15 IT IT26509/79A patent/IT1123852B/en active
- 1979-10-15 US US06/084,673 patent/US4354432A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB768616A (en) * | 1954-06-10 | 1957-02-20 | Canadian Ind 1954 Ltd | Improvements in electric blasting initiators |
US2989389A (en) * | 1956-04-27 | 1961-06-20 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Primer charge for detonators |
US3090310A (en) * | 1960-05-04 | 1963-05-21 | George W Peet | Conductive explosive primer mixture and device |
US3185093A (en) * | 1962-02-08 | 1965-05-25 | Bjorksten Res Lab For Industry | High frequency immune squib |
US3611939A (en) * | 1962-11-29 | 1971-10-12 | Hans Stadler | Primer |
FR1359245A (en) * | 1963-03-12 | 1964-04-24 | Banyagyutacsgyar | Delayed-action firing capsule for detonators |
US3455244A (en) * | 1967-09-22 | 1969-07-15 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Shockproof primer cover |
FR1599961A (en) * | 1968-01-13 | 1970-07-20 | ||
US3809964A (en) * | 1971-11-12 | 1974-05-07 | Ministre Charge De La Defense | Electrically actuated priming device |
FR2174406A5 (en) * | 1972-03-03 | 1973-10-12 | France Etat | Explosion initiator of the percussion type - for automatic weapons |
DE2421908A1 (en) * | 1973-05-14 | 1974-12-12 | Ml Aviation Co Ltd | Blasting device |
FR2307248A1 (en) * | 1973-07-12 | 1976-11-05 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | Igniter assembly for propellant or other charges - with directional divergent beam of incandescent particles and casing constructed to resist premature disintegration |
FR2353040A1 (en) * | 1976-05-25 | 1977-12-23 | Europ Propulsion | LIGHTER FOR PROPULSIVE POWDER BLOCK |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2599361A1 (en) * | 1986-05-27 | 1987-12-04 | Survilliers Nle Cartoucherie | Pyrotechnic composition for an igniter and safety electrical ignition device, igniter and ignition device thus obtained |
US5849883A (en) * | 1988-05-13 | 1998-12-15 | Amgen Inc. | Method for purifying granulocyte colony stimulating factor |
US5179249A (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1993-01-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Performance of blasting caps |
EP1386899A1 (en) * | 2001-05-10 | 2004-02-04 | Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Igniting agent composition, and igniter using the igniting agent composition |
EP1386899A4 (en) * | 2001-05-10 | 2008-10-29 | Nippon Kayaku Kk | Igniting agent composition, and igniter using the igniting agent composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0010487B1 (en) | 1982-06-23 |
US4354432A (en) | 1982-10-19 |
IT7926509A0 (en) | 1979-10-15 |
IT1123852B (en) | 1986-04-30 |
CH634143A5 (en) | 1983-01-14 |
BE879385A (en) | 1980-02-01 |
DE2963180D1 (en) | 1982-08-12 |
FR2438821B1 (en) | 1981-03-27 |
FR2438821A1 (en) | 1980-05-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0010487B1 (en) | Bridge-wire initiator for propulsive charges | |
US5166468A (en) | Thermocouple-triggered igniter | |
US4363272A (en) | Device for an electric igniter | |
US3062143A (en) | Detonator | |
US4070970A (en) | Electro-explosive igniters | |
US3344744A (en) | Safetted ordnace device | |
US3351012A (en) | Explosive bridgewire initiators | |
FR2793552A1 (en) | CARTRIDGE WITH ELECTROTHERMAL IGNITION DEVICE | |
GB2100395A (en) | Pyrotechnic devices | |
US3211097A (en) | Pyrogen squib | |
US2801585A (en) | Squib | |
US5431105A (en) | Electrothermal chemical cartridge | |
US3198678A (en) | Pyrotechnic compositions | |
RU2195631C2 (en) | Blasting device | |
EP1172628B1 (en) | Secured high-energy electro-pyrotechnic initiator | |
US3960083A (en) | Igniter containing titanium hydride and potassium perchlorate | |
JPS5922160B2 (en) | A bullet without a chamber for electric ignition | |
EP0076746B1 (en) | Pyrotechnical compound and pyrotechnical ignition devices | |
US3158098A (en) | Low voltage detonator system | |
US3125025A (en) | Pyrotechnic igniter | |
FR2599361A1 (en) | Pyrotechnic composition for an igniter and safety electrical ignition device, igniter and ignition device thus obtained | |
EP0296962A1 (en) | Initiator for a pyrotechnic generator | |
US3024728A (en) | Delay electric explosion initiator | |
RU178965U1 (en) | Electric igniter | |
US2518958A (en) | Electrically ignitible power gas generating blank cartridges |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): DE GB SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed | ||
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): DE GB SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 2963180 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19820812 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: 732 |
|
EAL | Se: european patent in force in sweden |
Ref document number: 79400737.7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 19960923 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19961001 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19971012 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19971013 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19971012 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 79400737.7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19981021 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |