RU2301961C1 - Electrical detonator based on high explosive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: explosive charge blasting means.

SUBSTANCE: placed in an indestructible body having a washer with a hole are the main explosive charge, additional explosive charge, membrane, nut guide washer, insert, connector plug and an initiator. The initiator consists of a block with a resistance bridge and terminals, sleeve with two parts of a high explosive, one part of the explosive adjoins the resistance bridge, and the other, pressed in a cap, adjoins directly the first part and is installed flush with the initiator body. The initiator sleeve has an electrical contact with one of the terminals, and its external surface is molded by an electrical insulating material. The membrane closes the inlet of the main explosive, charge and is pressed to it with the aid of the nut through the guide washer, insert and initiator. The additional explosive charge is pressed in a cap and installed flush with the body of the electrical detonator. The free space in the body of the electrical detonator between the initiator and the connector plug is filled with a compound. The union nut provides for fastening of the connector in the body of the electrical detonator.

EFFECT: enhanced reliability and safety in handling.

5 cl, 1 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of blasting, and in particular to means for detonating explosive charges (BB).

Known electric detonator (ED) (Russian patent No. 2120101, published January 20, 2003) based on a blasting explosive containing a thin-walled housing with an initiator and a main explosive charge placed in it.

The disadvantage of this electric detonator is a destructible case.

Another electric detonator based on a blasting explosive is known (Russian patent No. 2150671, published June 10, 1990), selected as a prototype and containing a housing in which the main explosive charge is placed, a washer with a hole, and an initiator consisting of a block with two leads, a bridge filament and sleeve with two parts of the explosive charge, with one part of the explosive located in the cap and adjacent to the filament bridge, and the other part of the explosive, pressed directly onto the bottom of the sleeve, adjacent to the washer with a hole, the main charge is pressed into the detonate sleeve ra with a force of 0.9 on the force pressing the explosive charge into the sleeve initiator.

The disadvantage of this electric detonator is the lack of protection against static electricity, the relative complexity of manufacturing (many shells), when the initiator is triggered due to the presence of the cap separating the two parts of the explosive, unreacted sections of the explosive can remain, which reduces the reliability of the triggering of the initiator. The design of the main charge does not allow it to be pressed into maximum density, which reduces the initiating ability and, accordingly, the reliability of the detonator.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to increase the safety of handling an electric detonator and the reliability of its operation.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a known electric detonator based on a blasting explosive containing a housing, a main explosive charge, a washer with a hole and an initiator consisting of a block with two leads, an incandescent bridge and a sleeve with two parts of an explosive charge, one of which adjoins the incandescent bridge, the housing is indestructible and an additional explosive charge and membrane are placed in it, while the additional explosive charge is pressed into the cap, installed flush with the end of the indestructible housing and adjoins new charge. The hole of the washer is closed by a membrane, which is pressed by a nut through the guide washer and the initiator, the sleeve of which is electrically connected to one of the terminals of the block and is pressed onto the outer surface with electrical insulation material, the second part of the explosive charge placed in the sleeve pressed into the cap, adjacent to the first part and installed with drowning relative to the end face of the initiator. The washer can be made in one piece with the body. A metal insert can be installed between the initiator and the guide washer. The membrane can be made of spring steel. The electric detonator may further comprise an electric connector, and the free space between it and the initiator is filled with a compound.

The use of an indestructible shell with an additional explosive charge localizes the negative effect of the explosion products of an additional explosive charge on the surrounding space, i.e. increases the safety of ED, and on the other hand, directs the energy of an additional explosive charge in the right direction, which increases the initiating ability of the electric detonator.

The use of an additional explosive charge makes it possible to obtain the required initiating pulse with a smaller amount of the main explosive charge.

Installing the membrane on the washer hole increases the safety and reliability of the ED, as allows you to create the most optimal conditions for the transfer of energy from the initiator to the main explosive charge, which contributes to the formation of a detonation pulse in it, sufficient to initiate an additional explosive charge with a shorter length and, accordingly, the mass of the main explosive charge.

Pressing the additional explosive charge into the cap and installing it flush with the end of the indestructible body increases the initiating ability in the required direction, safety in the manufacture and operation of the ED.

The adjacency of the additional explosive charge to the main explosive charge increases the reliability of the detonation pulse transmission with optimal overall dimensions and mass characteristics of the main explosive charge.

Preloading the membrane to the washer hole with a nut through the guide washer and initiator allows you to control the quality of the fit of the membrane, which is necessary for reliable operation of the ED and to ensure optimal conditions for initiating the main explosive charge with a minimum mass.

The electrical connection of the initiator output to the sleeve allows to exclude the operation of the ED from static electricity discharges, thereby increasing its safety and operating efficiency during operation.

Crimping the outer surface of the sleeve with a sheath of dielectric material and installing the cap with drowning relative to the end of the EV housing excludes galvanic connection of the sleeve with the housing and thereby the power supply circuit of the bridge with the ED housing, which increases its safety during operation. In addition, the absence of galvanic connection between the sleeve and the housing increases the reliability of the ED, since the random connection of any potential output of the power source with the housing does not lead to a failure in the operation of the ED.

Placing the second part of the initiator's explosive charge in the cap makes the initiator's equipment more secure and allows it to be pressed into the explosive cap to a higher density than the first part of the initiator's explosive charge, which increases the reliability of the transfer of the initiating pulse to the main explosive charge.

The adjacency of the second part of the explosive initiator charge to the first increases the reliability of the transfer of the initiating pulse from the first part to the second and allows you to optimize the overall mass parameters of the first part of the explosive initiator charge.

The execution of the washer with the hole in one piece with the body can improve the manufacturability and reliability of the electric detonator.

The metal insert improves the reliability of the ED at low temperatures.

The implementation of the membrane of spring steel increases the efficiency of the ED.

The presence of an electrical connector allows you to unify the supply of electricity to the ED.

Filling the free volume with ED compound increases the safety of the terminals and nuts during operation.

An example of a specific implementation of the claimed device can serve as an electric detonator, shown in the drawing, where:

1 - housing;

2 - initiator;

3 - connector plug;

4 - block with a bridge;

5 - conclusions;

6 - sleeve;

7 - insert;

8 - the first part of the explosive initiator charge;

9 - the second part of the explosive initiator charge;

10 - the main explosive charge;

11 - a nut;

12 - additional explosive charge;

13 - membrane;

14 - compound;

15 - guide washer;

16 - flare nut;

17 - washer with a hole.

The ED shown in the drawing consists of a housing 1 (steel 08Kh15N5D2T-Sh), an initiator 2, and a plug of a 2PM143 type connector, which is pressed against the housing 1 by means of a union nut 16.

The initiator 2 consists of a block 4 and a sleeve 6. The block is made of AG-4 press material and is located in a steel sleeve 6. Flexible terminals are pressed into the block 5. On one side, a nichrome bridge with a diameter of 0.04 mm is soldered to the terminals, and on the other - the contacts of the plug of the connector 3, in addition, one terminal 5 is electrically connected to the sleeve 6. The outer surfaces of the sleeve are crimped with an insulating material AG-4. The first part of the explosive charge of initiator 8 from the OZ composition (a mixture of octogen with zirconium) is adjacent to the bridge. The first part of the explosive initiator charge is pressed by a cap to the second part of the explosive initiator charge 9 (PETN). The cap with the second part of the explosive initiator charge 9 is installed in the initiator with guaranteed drowning relative to the end face of the initiator.

Between the initiator and the main explosive charge (ten) 10 a membrane 13 is installed, made of steel 65G and a thickness of 0.1 mm. The membrane is pressed to the washer with the hole 17 using the nut 11 through the guide washer 15, insert 7 and initiator 2. The free volume in the ED housing between the initiator and the connector plug is filled with an EK-34 14 epoxy compound.

In the channel of the housing 1 is the main explosive charge (ten) 10, to which the cap is pressed with an additional explosive charge (ten) 12.

The above ED works as follows. When voltage is supplied from the current source to the contacts of the plug of the connector 3 through the terminals 5 and the bridge included in the block with the bridge 4, current will flow. Under the influence of a current pulse, the bridge heats up and sets fire to the first part of the initiator explosive charge 8. The combustion products of the first part of the charge ignite the second part of the initiator explosive charge 9. When the second part of the explosive initiator charge is burned inside the initiator sleeve 6, the pressure of the combustion products increases sharply. The localization of these gases inside the initiator 2 before the membrane breaks is provided by tightly pressing the initiator 2 with the nut 11 through the washer 15 and insert 7. When the membrane 13 breaks through, the combustion products rush through the washer hole 17 into the main charge of explosive 10, exciting convective combustion in it. which then goes into detonation. The necessary initiating ability of the ED is provided by the presence of an additional charge of explosive 12, pressed into the cap. The presence of an indestructible housing 1, a washer with a hole 17, an insert 7, a guide washer 15, a compound 14, a plug of a connector 3 and a union nut 16 provides the localization of explosive transformation products during the development of detonation processes in the main explosive charge, preventing the products from spreading towards the connector plug, increasing this is the reliability of the ED.

Claims (5)

1. An electric detonator based on a blasting explosive, comprising a housing in which the main explosive charge is placed, a washer with a hole and an initiator consisting of a block with two leads, an incandescent bridge and a sleeve with two parts of the explosive charge, one of which is adjacent to the bridge Incandescent, characterized in that the case is indestructible and it contains an additional explosive charge and membrane, while the additional charge is pressed into the cap, installed flush with the end face ohm of the indestructible body and is adjacent to the main charge, and the washer hole is closed by a membrane, which is pressed by a nut through the guide washer and initiator, the sleeve is electrically connected to one of the terminal pads and pressed onto the outer surface with electrical insulation material, the second part of the explosive charge placed in the sleeve , pressed into the cap, adjacent directly to the first part and recessed relative to the end face of the initiator. 2. The electric detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that the washer with the hole is made in one piece with the body. 3. The electric detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a metal insert installed between the initiator and the guide washer. 4. The electric detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that the membrane is made of spring steel. 5. The electric detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an electric connector, and the free space between the connector and the initiator is filled with a compound.